Unit 5 课时 3 语法-【宝典训练】2023-2024学年九年级下册英语高效课堂课件(沪教牛津版)

Unit 5　 Sports logo 课时 3 语法 目 录 01 课时精讲 02 课时过关 01 课时精讲 单元语法讲解：动词时态复习 返回目录 时态 定义(用法) 构成 标志(时间状语) 一般现在时 表示经常性发生的动作、习惯性动作或客观真理、科学事实等。 动词be(am / is / are) … 2.do/does＋… often, usually, always, sometimes， every day, seldom 一般过去时 表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 1.动词was/were 2.实义动词过去式 yesterday (morning…)，last (week…) two days ago , in 2000 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 返回目录 时态 定义(用法) 构成 标志(时间状语) 现在进行时 表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作。 be(am/is/are) ＋ 动词现在分词 now, at the moment…Listen! Look！… 过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。 was/were ＋ 动词现在分词 at 8 o'clock yesterday，from 8 to 10 o'clock last Sunday 一般将来时 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 1.will ＋ 动原2.be going to ＋ 动原There will be/is(are) going to be tomorrow (morning…), next (week…) in two days，in 2030，in the future，soon , how soon 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 返回目录 时态 定义(用法) 构成 标志(时间状语) 现在完成时 表示过去发生或者未发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 主语 ＋助动词have/has＋过去分词…… already, ever, yet, never，recently，for two years, since two days ago，since ＋从句，ever since，since then 备注 在时间、条件状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时(即：主将从现)；由when、while引导的时间状语从句中，延续性动词用过去进行时，短暂性动词用一般过去时。 例如：While Mary was reading books, Kate was doing her homework. When Jim got home, Mother was cooking food. When Mike was cleaning the room, Tom came in. 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 备注： ★★★行为动词的第三人称单数形式(-es / -s)的规则变化： 1.一般情况下，直接在动词的词尾加-s如：stop→stops；take→takes 2.以-sh、-ch、-o、-s、-x结尾的动词直接在词尾加后缀-es，如：wash→washes watch→watches; go→goes; do→does; guess→guesses; fix→fixes 3.以“辅音字母 ＋ y”结尾的动词把y改为i再加后缀-es, 如：study→studies; carry→carries ▲ 不规则动词： have→has ★★★规则动词的过去式的构成规则：(-ed或-d) 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 返回目录 情况(或 形 式) 变化规则 例词 ①绝大多数的规则动词 加-ed walk→walked; play→played ②以字母e结尾的规则动词 直接加-d arrive→arrived; move→moved ③以辅音字母加y结尾的规则动词 改y为i再加-ed cry→cried; hurry→hurried ④以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母(w和y除外)的重读闭音节”结尾的规则动词 双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped；prefer→preferred 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 词尾-ed，-d的读音规则(口诀)： 清/t/浊/d/, 元音后面也发/d/，/t//d/后面发/id/V2V： talked/t/ planned/d/ played/d/ wanted/id/ needed/id/ 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 ★★★动词现在分词(动名词)的构成规则(v.-ing) 1.一般情况下，直接加-ing，如：cook→cooking；read→reading；look→looking；clean→cleaning; throw→throwing 2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加-ing，如：make→making；have→having；write→writing 3.以“一个元音字母 ＋ 一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ing： run→running；stop→stopping；swim→swimming；sit→sitting；begin→beginning 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 4.以y或w结尾的动词，直接加-ing: play→playing; fly→flying; throw→throwing ; draw→drawing 5.以-ie结尾的动词，改ie为y再加 -ing，例如： die (死) →dying；lie(躺；说谎) →lying；tie(系；捆) →tying；fix→fixing 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 被动语态 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事)，叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做)，叫被动语态。主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别，而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的 形式。 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 被动语态后的by短语有时可以省去。具体结构见下表： 返回目录 (过去分词) 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 被动语态的用法： 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态，省略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident. 一个人死于事故。 This window was broken yesterday. 这扇窗子是昨天被打破的。 2.不说或者众所周知是谁做时，用被动语态，省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place. 这个地方也种水稻。 A railway will be built here in three years. 三年以后这里将要修建一条铁路。 3.强调动作的承受者，句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun. 它是鲁迅写的。 A pet dog is never killed by its owner. 宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的。 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 被动语态的用法： 1.不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态，省略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident. 一个人死于事故。 This window was broken yesterday. 这扇窗子是昨天被打破的。 2.不说或者众所周知是谁做时，用被动语态，省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place. 这个地方也种水稻。 A railway will be built here in three years. 三年以后这里将要修建一条铁路。 3.强调动作的承受者，句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun. 它是鲁迅写的。 A pet dog is never killed by its owner. 宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的。 返回目录 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 02 课时过关 Ⅰ.选择填空 (　　)1.— late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I promise that I ． A．Don't; won't B．Don't be; won't C．Don't; will 返回目录 B 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 (　　)2.There a report Chinese history in our school this evening. A．is going to have; on B．is going to be; on C．are going to be; for (　　)3.Do you know for vacation? A．when Mr. Cooper will leave B．when Mr. Cooper left C．when will Mr. Cooper leave D．when did Mr. Cooper leave 返回目录 B A 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 (　　)4.—Mum, can you tell me ？ I dreamed of him last night. —Next week. A．when my dad comes back B．where my dad goes C．when my dad will come back D．where my dad will go (　　)5.—It me an hour to finish my homework. —Well, it's not too long. A．spent B．cost C．took 返回目录 C C 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 (　　)6. number of the students in is almost 700. A．The; third Grade B．The; Grade 3 C．A; the third Grade (　　)7.Betty as well as the Greens London for a week. They won't come back until next month. A．has been in B．have gone to C．have been in (　　)8.—Can I speak to Mr. Black? —Sorry, he New York for a meeting. A．has been to B．has been in C．has gone to 返回目录 B A C 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 (　　)9.What you when the captain came in? A．are; doing B．did; do C．were; doing (　　)10. a concert next Saturday? A．There will be B．Will there have C．Is there going to be (　　)11.They basketball at six o'clock last Friday night. A．played B．have played C．were playing (　　)12.The players ran the forest and then swam the river. A．through; through B．through; across C．across; through 返回目录 C C C B 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 (　　)13.What from three to four yesterday afternoon? A．have you done B．had you done C．were you doing (　　)14.Though he the book three times, he hopes to read it again. A．read B．reads C．has read (　　)15.—Millie, where is Miss Li? —She a speech on Chinese art to the first-year students in the hall. A．gives B．gave C．is giving 返回目录 C C C 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当时态、语态填空。 1.My brother will call me as soon as he_________(reach) there. 2.What_____ the teacher _______(do) at this time yesterday? 3.—How many times______ you ______(be) to the Great Wall? —Only once. 4.I______ already __________(finish) my homework. 5.The work must_____________(finish) before 10：00 p．m. 6.They________(help) the farmers with their apple harvest last autumn. 返回目录 reaches was doing have been have finished be finished helped 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 7.So far we______________________(learn) about six hundred English words. 8.I don't know whether she____________(come) or not tomorrow. 9.—What do you use the key for? — It_________(use) for making the robot work. 10.He said that he__________________(ring) me up when he got there. 返回目录 have learnt/learned will come is used rang/would ring 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 Ⅲ.语法填空 The new term is coming.Lily dreams of 1.__________ (ride) a bike to school like other students, but there are two 2.____________ (problem)．The first one is that she doesn't know whether her mum 3.______________ (allow) her to ride a bike to school.The 4.__________ (two) one is that she doesn't have a bike, because her family moved to a town a month ago and her mum still doesn't have a job. 返回目录 riding problems will allow second 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 This morning, Lily went to ask her mum 5.___________ she could ride a bike to school.Her mum 6.________ (say)，“Sure, my girl, but I can't afford to buy 7._____ bike.” Lily began to think about how to get a bike.Finally, she came up 8.________ an idea.Mrs Lee owns a jiaozi restaurant near Lily's home.There are many customers, especially in the evening and at weekends.Mrs Lee is very busy.She needs someone to help her.Lily plans 9.___________ (help) her every weekend.She believes that she can make enough money 10.__________ (buy) a bike soon. 返回目录 whether said a with to help to buy 第 ‹#› 页 课时 3 语法 本节内容到此结束！ logo 过去时态 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 谓语动词构成 ＋P.P. ＋being＋P.P. would ＋ be ＋ P．P. ＋going to＋be＋P.P. had＋been＋P.P. $$