Unit 1 A New Start知识点梳理练习 2023-2024学年高中英语外研版必修第一册

U1知识点梳理 第一节 词汇变化： 1. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2. eagerness n．渴望 eager adj.迫切的，渴望的 be eager for sth. 渴望得到… be eager to do sth. 渴望做… ness后缀的名词小结 illness 疾病 happiness 幸福 loneliness 孤单 darkness 黑暗 kindness 善良 1. ①Her (eager) moved all the people. ②The old man is eager (come) back to his hometown after living abroad for many years. ③The children are eager more knowledge. 2.explore v.考察；探险 explorer n.探险家 exploration n.探险 ①I can't wait to begin my (explore)． ②He is one of the (explore) who were lucky enough to survive the accident. ③As soon as the (explore) arrived at the city, they began their (explore). 2. 3.impression n.印象 impress v.印象 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的 have/leave a(n)... impression on sb.给某人留下…的印象 impress sth. on/upon sb.= impress sb. with sth. 使某人牢记某事 be impressed by/at/with 对……印象深刻 ①My new teacher's rich knowledge and humorous talk left a deep (impress) on us. ②My father (impress) the value of hard work me. ＝My father impressed me the value of hard work. ③For some reason, she (impress) with my work and me. 动词＋后缀ion 变名词： impress vt.→impression n.印象;感想 express vt.→expression n.表达;表情 discuss vt.→discussion n.讨论 4.organize v.组织 organization n.组织 organized adj.有组织的 organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人做某事 去e加ation名词后缀 imagine→imagination想象 explain→explanation 解释 explore→exploration 探索 starve→starvation 饥饿 ①hey may apply to join the (organize). ②Our school organized us (visit) the old people's home last week. ③He is a generous businessman and gives money to many charity (organize)． 5.challenge v./n.挑战 challenging adj.有挑战性的 challenge sb. to do sth. 挑战某人做某事 face a challenge面对挑战 accept a challenge接受挑战 ①The new government's first (挑战) is the economy. ②I learn from the millions of women who have faced the successfully. ③Choosing a gift can be a real . 6.calm adj.沉着的，冷静的 calm (sb) down冷静下来，平静下来 keep calm保持冷静 ①His friend was upset and he decided to （使他冷静下来）. ②在危险面前，我们应保持冷静。 We should in face of danger. 重点短语： 1.senior high 高中 2.in panic 惊慌地 3.one by one 一个接一个地 4.over and over again 反复 5.introduce oneself 自我介绍 6.under pressure 有压力；处于压力下 7.depend on 依靠；取决于 8.keep calm 保持镇静 9.make the most of 充分利用 10.turn around 转身 11.butterflies in one’s stomach情绪紧张 课文语法填空 On my first day of senior high school, I woke up early and rushed out of the door in my 1 (eager) to get to know my new school. The campus was still quiet when I arrived, so I decided 2 (explore) a bit. I 2 (look) at the photos on the notice board when I heard a voice behind me. Turning 3 I saw an older man. He was very kind and 4 (encourage). Finally I was surprised 5 (find) he was my English teacher. He asked us to introduce ourselves one 6 one. With the butterflies in my stomach, I began to introduce 7 (I), but everyone started laughing because I shared the same name with my teacher. Because I was too nervous 8 (pay) attention when he introduced himself. He told us that 9 (challenge) were normal and we should make the most of our time. It was a good 10 (begin) to my new school life. Basic sentence structures The campus was still quiet. 句子成分： 主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语、同位语及独立成分等。 句子成分 意义 充当词类 例句 主语 表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物 n. pron. num. v-ing 不定式、短语或句子 The teacher is very kind to us. I don't like pop music. 谓语 说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征 动词或动词短语 We have finished our work already. I will wait for you at the school gate. 宾语 指动作所涉及的人或事物 n. pron. num. v-ing 不定式、短语或句子 He wrote many plays. She loves swimming. 表 表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征 n. pron. num. v-ing 不定式、短语或句子 He looks very angry. She is a clever girl. 定语 对名词或代词进行修饰、限制或说明 adj. pron. adv. n. num. 介词短语、非谓语动词及句子等 It's an interesting story. Do you have time to help us? 状语 用于修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或整个句子等 副词、介词短语、非谓语动词短语或句子充当 We like English very much. Her uncle lives in Canada. 补语 补足主语和宾语的意义 名词、非谓语动词、形容词等充当 I've never seen her dancing. I wish you a happy weekend. 同位语 若两个语法单位指同一个人或事物（n.)，并且句法功能也一样，那么后一项称为前一项的同位语。 We students should study hard. Li Hua, a middle school student,comes from the USA. 1.We must act. 2. I woke up early. 3.Everyone started laughing. 4.A boy meets a girl during a break. 5.My name is Amy. 6.My mum brought me a new dictionary. 7．The teacher found the classroom empty. 8．There are 66 students in our class. 常见的连系动词有： 1)be动词 2)感官动词：feel, look, smell, sound, taste 3) 表示“变化”的词：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, turn 4) 表示“保持”：keep, remain, stay 5) 表示“好像”：appear, seem 6) 表示“证明”：prove (to be), turn out (to be) 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词 Using “TO” Meaning award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人 bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人 hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人 mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人 owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱） post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人 read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听 return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人 send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人 sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人 serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人 show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看 take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人 teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况 throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 Using “FOR” Meaning book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb.  为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.  为某人买某物 choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb.  为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.  为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb.  为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb.  为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb.  为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb.  为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb.  为某人拿来某物 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.  为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb.  为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb.  为某人采摘某物 prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb.  为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb.  为某人留某物 sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb.  为某人唱某物（歌） spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb.  为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb.  为某人偷某物 按照要求，写出下列画线句子的成分 1. The theatre tickets have sold out. 2. This kind of cloth washes well . 3．What you said just now made me very happy . 4．Could you give me the letter？ 5．I will study hard to learn English well. 6.Professor Smith, our math teacher, will return to his country tomorrow. 7．As far as I know, Mary is a_good_student . 8．He is a kind lady. 单句翻译： 1.为了保持健康，我们应该定期锻炼。（主谓） 2.我们学校准备举行一场英语口语比赛。（主谓宾） 3.最近几年，我们已经互相建立了良好的友谊。（主谓宾） 4. 本次展出的主题是环境保护。（主系表） 5. 总之，我的生活会越来越丰富多彩。（主系表） 6.幸运的是，她答应再给我一个机会。（主谓双宾） 7.我想邀请你下周六和我们一起去拜访附近的敬老院。（主谓宾宾补） 8. 时间过得很快。（主谓状） 9. 我有空会和我的父母进行一次面对面的交流。（主谓宾状） 10.这个句子里有个拼写错误。（there be） 第二节 词汇变化 1. argue v．争论；辩论 argument n.争论 argue for/against赞成/反对 argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事 argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争辩某事 beyond argument无可争辩 ①关于这个问题和他争论是没有用的，他不会改变自己的观点。 It's no use arguing the question with him. He won't change his opinion. ② I argue her of going out alone at midnight. ③ 他反对吸烟并且坚持认为吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。 He smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health. ④My parents are in huge (argue), and I was upset about it. ⑤大部分学生都同意他的计划 Most of the students . 2．graduate v．毕业 n．大学毕业生 graduation n.毕业；毕业典礼 graduate from...毕业于(…学校) graduate in...毕业于(…专业) graduate school研究生院 graduation certificate毕业证书 attend the graduation参加毕业典礼 ①他是剑桥大学物理学专业毕业的。 He physics from Cambridge University. ②他是北京大学毕业生。 He is a Beijing University . ③He will graduate Oxford University next year. ④After (graduate) from college, he has been devoting his life to education. 3．moment n．时刻；片刻；时机 at the moment 此刻 for a moment 一会儿 the moment (that)＝as soon as一…就… moment后的定语从句多由when引导，moment在从句中充当时间状语。 ①生活中，每个人都有难忘的时刻。 Everyone has unforgettable in her life. ②我一见到他就知道没希望了。 I saw him I knew that there was no hope. ③很抱歉我现在非常忙。 I'm very busy . I'm really sorry. ④Shall we go out for a walk?--Sorry. This is not (适当的时机) to invite me. I am too tired to walk. 4．select v．挑选；选择 select sb./sth. for sth. 为…挑选某人/某物 select sb./sth. as sth. 挑选某人/某物为… select sb. to do 选择某人做某事 ①他希望入选国家队。 He had hopes of being the national team. ②克拉克先生被评为年度最佳教师。 Mr Clark the Best Teacher of the Year. ③他是班上唯一被选上参加模拟联合国大会的学生。 He's the only student in the class that has been take part in the Model United Nations conference. ④He selected a cell phone personal use. select 精选，是从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的。 请给你妹妹精心挑选一些好的草莓。 Please a few nice strawberries for your sister. choose 泛指选择，可不带宾语。 我们有各种旅游度假方式可供选择。 We offer a wide range of holidays to from. pick 随意挑选，通常所指的事项不是很重大，是不太正式的用词。 她为自己挑了一块蛋糕。 She a piece of cake for herself. 5.particular adj.特殊的，特别的；挑剔的 in particular 尤其，特别 be particular about/over... 对…挑剔 ①他对吃的东西特别挑剔，而不在乎金钱。 He food while he doesn't care about money. ②她特别喜爱那首歌，因为她的母亲过去经常唱。 She loves the song , because her mother used to sing it. ③She has already tried her best. Please don't be too particular her job. ④I have (没有什么特别的) to do this evening, so let's go out for a walk. 6. take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用时间(空间) ①罗杰斯学了一段时间的绘画，但很快便失去了兴趣。 Rogers painting for a while, but soon lost interest. ②开会和接电话占用了一天中的大部分时间。 Meetings and phone calls a large part of the day. take相关短语： take in吸收；领会；收留；欺骗 take off起飞；脱掉；开始成功 take on呈现；开始雇佣 take over 接收；接管 take out拿出；获得 ①她用一番花言巧语完全把我骗住了。 She me completely with her story. ②找到自己的写作风格后，我的写作事业开始有了起色。 My writing career when I discovered my own style. ③医生拔掉了约翰的五颗牙。 The doctor five of John's teeth. 7．go all out全力以赴 ①我们要鼓足干劲赶上他们。 We have to and catch up with them. ②你必须为自己理想的大学全力以赴。 You must for your ideal university. 重点短语 1.take part in 参加 2.such as 例如 3.take up 占用 4.make some new friends交到一些新朋友 5.for sure 确定地 6.hold up 抬起；举起 7.in particular 尤其，特别 8.look back at 回首；回忆起 9.give sb. a hand帮某人的忙，向某人伸出援手 10.go all out 全力以赴 课文语法填空 Lisa is talking with an 1 (interview) about her senior high school. She feels as if high school 2 (be) only yesterday. She thinks Orientation Day is a fantastic opportunity 3 (get) to know the school and the other students. She kept 4 open mind and took part in 5 much as possible. When she met with difficulties, she went all out and tried again and again. Once she wasn't 6 (select) for the end­of­year competition. At first she felt disappointed but 7 (late) she realized she joined the team not for 8 (win) but for the love of the sport. Looking back at her high school life, she thinks the 9 (important) advice is to give your friend a hand when they need 10 . $$