语法填空小专题3 (形容词副词)导学案-2024届高三下学期英语复习专项

语法填空小专题 (形容词副词类)导学案

课堂学习任务

Step 1. 形容词变换成副词

1. I had an appointment ________________ (late) that day.
2. If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识别) those of ________________ (great) and less importance.
3. It might have made it a little ________________ (hard) for everybody.
4. Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are ________________ (high) than they actually are.
5. The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the ________________ (hot) the spring!

形容词变副词基本规则

①     一般情况下直接加“ly”

quick ___________; polite ___________; sad __________; immediate ___________; recent___________

②     少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。true ___________; due ___________

③     绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形___________容词直接加-ly。如：

polite ___________; wide ___________; wise ___________; nice ___________

④     以“y”结尾的，且读音为 / i /， 先将“y”改成“i”，再加“ly”

happy ___________; heavy ___________; angry ___________; busy___________

但是如果读音为 / ai /， 直接加ly，如：dry ___________; sly ___________; shy___________

⑤     以ic 结尾的词，加ally

economic_________; basic _________; scientific ________; automatic _________; nergetic__________;

⑥     以辅音字母加le结尾时,去e加y规则

Simple ___________; considerable ___________; terrible ___________

元音字母加le结尾时，直接加 ly，如：sole ___________。但是whole___________例外。

⑦     以-ll结尾时，只须加 –y。dull ___________; shrill ___________

⑧     需注意: 有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。

friendly people; motherly care; lovely dog; monthly exam; heavenly peace;

Step 2. 形容词和副词比较三级和倍数表达

6. We had made our reservation six months ________________ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake.

7.                 Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far ________________ (appropriate).
8.                 ________________ (recent), caffeine has found its way into orange, apple, and other flavored drinks.
9.                 Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and ________________ (soft).
10.             Chinese scientists ________________ (recent) had a chance.
11.             As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ________________ （large）tea-producing country, China has a responsibility to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
12.             In the last five years. Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ________________ (high) mountain.
13.             One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their ________________ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.
14.             That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the ________________ (loud) of all.
15.             It was ________________ (nice) gift I’d ever received, …
16.             I’m not as _________ (luck) as you.
17.             He gets up as _______________ (happy) as his parents.

形容词和副词比较用法

一．比较级和最高级规则

1. 变化规则

①       以不发音的e结尾的形容词，直接在末尾加-r或-st。例：nice—___________—___________。

②       以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，去y加-ier或-iest。例：heavy—___________—___________。

③       形容词“辅元辅”结尾，双写末尾加-er或-est。例：big—___________—___________。

④       部分双音节词和多音节词（单词中元音较多的形容词）直接在单词前面加more/ less或most/ least构成比较级。例：beautiful—___________ ___________—___________ ___________；beautiful — ____________ __________— ___________ ___________

2. 不规则变化（见下表）

ill/ bad→ ___________→ ___________;  many/ much→ ___________→ ___________; 

good/well→ ___________→ ___________   far→ ___________→ ___________; 

old/older/elder→ ___________ ___________ little→ ___________→ ___________

二．形容词和副词3种比较

①       as + 形容词或副词原级 + (as…) 跟…一样

1. 他跑不了你那么快。He cannot run as ___________ as you.
2. 这是一个很好的例子。This is as _________ an example as the other.
3. 这是一个和另一个一样好的例子。This is an example as ____________ as the other.

②       比较级+ (than…) ，可修饰比较级的词：much, even, far, still, a lot等

1. 你比我高。You are __________ ____________ I.
2. 你房间的灯比我房间的亮。The lights in your room are ___________ __________ those in mine.
3. 这部电影比那部更有趣。The film is _____________ ____________ ___________ that one.

4. 这部电影不如那部有趣。 The film is _____________ ____________ ____________ that one.

③       三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the + 最高级”的结构表示。这种句式常有表示比较范围的介词短语。常用by far, nearly, almost, by no means, ever等修饰。

1. 张华是三个人中最高的。Zhang Hua is _________ ____________ of the three.
2. 这部电影是所有电影中最有趣的。The film is _________ _________ ____________ of all.
3. 这部电影是所有电影中最不有趣的。The film is __________ ___________ ___________ of all.

三．倍数表达

①       倍数+as…as。

我的年纪是他的两倍。I am ________ ________ ________ ________ he。

②       倍数+比较级+than。

这条街道比那条短四倍。This street is ________ ________ ________ ________ that one。

③       倍数 + the size / length / width / height / age等名词 + of。

地球的体积是月球的49倍。The earth is ________ ________ ________ ________ of the moon。

Step 3. 形容词和副词常用句型

18.             The younger you are, the __________ (much) it is to learn.
19.             Changjian River is the first ____________ (long) river in China.

Step 4. doing & done 作为形容词区别

20.             China is a ____________  country while America is a _____________  country (develop).
21.             From the _________________  look, the boy _____________ by the _____________ dog when he came into the yard (fright).
22.             What they usually did in the spire time made you so ____________ (surprise) deeply in your heart.
23.             I think it _______________ (interest) for us to have a good understanding of our own history and culture.
24.             Nothing is ____________ (good) than having a cup of tea in the hot weather.

ing和ed形容词用法

一．以ing和ed结尾的形容词基本用法

① 以 ing一般修饰“物”，译为“令人…的”，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，如an interesting book。

② 以-ed一般修饰“人”，译为“人本身感受到的”，如I am excited. 同时也修饰人体部分(look眼神，expression表情)表示“人本身感受到的”，如a frightened look受到惊吓的眼神。

encouraging 令人鼓舞的 ；  encouraged 受到鼓舞的；

interesting 有趣的；    interested 感兴趣的；

astonishing令人惊呆的；   astonished 惊呆的；

surprising 令人惊奇的；   surprised 感到好奇的；

moving 令人感动的；    moved 感动的；

frightening令人害怕的；   frightened 害怕的；

terrifying 令人恐惧的；   terrified 感到恐惧的；

puzzling 令人困惑不解的；  puzzled 感到困惑的；

satisfying令人满意的；    satisfied 感到满意的；