北京市西城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷

北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第1页（共12页） 北京市西城区 2023—2024 学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 2024.7 听力理解 一、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，从下面各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独 白你将听两遍。（共12分，每题1.5分） 听一段对话，完成第 1至第 2小题 1. What’s the boy’s hobby? A. Flying kites. B. Painting pictures. C. Building model planes. 2. Where does the girl keep her paintings? A. In her room. B. At the park. C. In the classroom. 听一段对话，完成第 3至第 4小题 3. When will the woman have a trip? A. In three weeks. B. In two weeks. C. In one week. 4. What does the woman have to do before leaving? A. Train her dog and cat to stay at home alone. B. Find someone to look after her dog and cat. C. Prepare her dog for a road trip with the man. 听一段对话，完成第 5至第 6小题 5. What can we know about Sara? A. She was late for school today. B. She hasn’t taken any medicine. C. She will finish the report with Tom. 6. What will Tom probably do next? A. He’ll get some rest. B. He’ll collect some ideas. C. He’ll visit Sara tomorrow. 听一段独白，完成第 7至第 8小题 7. Why does the speaker give the speech? A. To teach people how to read a story book. B. To introduce some interesting ways to relax. 注 意 事 项 1．本试卷共 12 页，共九道大题，55 道小题。其中第一大题至第八大题为必做题，满分 90 分。 第九道大题为选做题，满分 10 分，计入总分，但卷面总分不超过 90 分。考试时间 100 分 钟。 2．在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校、班级、姓名和学号。 3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 4．在答题卡上，选择题用 2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 5．考试结束，请将考试材料一并交回。 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第2页（共12页） C. To encourage people to keep fit by doing sports. 8. What is good about the “color walk”? A. You can work on what you like. B. You can forget who and where you are. C. You can give full attention to the present. 二、听独白，记录关键信息。本段独白你将听两遍。（共 8分，每题 2分） 9. talk to/with 10. 100/one hundred 11. Listen to you 12. the best advice 知识运用 三、单项填空（共 10 分，每题 1 分） 从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 13. Mrs. Smith has two kids and she often plays tennis with ________ on Sundays. A. him B. them C. you D. her 空白处应该填的是“他们”的宾格，因此为 them 14. During the winter holiday, my family traveled to Hainan ________ plane. A. in B. on C. by D. to by+交通方式表示乘坐某种交通方式 15. Betty and Lily ________ friends since they were 13 years old. A. were B. are C. have been D. will be Betty 和 Lily 从 13 岁就一直是朋友，这个行为从过去一直持续到现在，用现在完成时。 16. — Dad, this black shirt ________ very soft. Would you like to try it on? — No, thanks. I prefer light colors. A. tastes B. sounds C. smells D. feels 尝起来 听起来 尝起来 感觉起来 17. — Tim, you need to go now, ________ you will be late for class. — OK, mom. I’m leaving now. A. or B. but C. and D. so 不然，否则 但是 并且 所以 18. — ________ do you cook for your family? — About twice a week. What it can do ● 11 and work on the problems with you ● Offer 12 to improve your situation When to help ● Face problems ● Need someone to 9 Teen Talk Who can help ● The university students going through more than 10 hours of special training 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第3页（共12页） A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How many 多长(物体的长度或 多少(提问不可数名词) 多久做…一次(提问频率) 多少(提问可数名词) 持续时间的长度) 19. I refuse ________ all the fried food because I want to keep fit. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 20. — Sam, you ________ the table yet. It’s all messy! — Sorry. I’ll do it immediately. A. haven’t cleared B. weren’t clearing C. won’t clear D. don’t clear Yet 在否定和疑问句中表示“尚未，还没做某事”，是完成时的标志 21. It ________ the writer several months to finish the book Red Star Over China in the 1930s. A. takes B. will take C. has taken D. took 写这本书的动作发生在 193x 年，即一个过去的时间，用一般过去时 22. — Do you know ________? — Next Sunday morning. A. when will we visit the Science Museum B. when we will visit the Science Museum C. when did we visit the Science Museum D. when we visited the Science Museum 根据回答事情下周日早上才发生，因此时态用将来时，排除 CD。再根据宾语从句应该使用陈述语 序排除 A 四、完形填空（共 10 分，每题 1分） 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Sam and his family were spending their holiday at the seaside. When Sam and his grandma stood on the beach watching the sunrise, a perfect shell 23 ashore (上岸). Sam quickly picked it up and turned it over. Inside, the shell was as pink as a rabbit’s ear! “It is a gift from the sea,” said Grandma. “Take good care of it.” “I will,” said Sam. Sam 24 showed his treasure to his family. His parents loved it, but his brother Vikram thought it was nothing special. The next day, Sam 25 the shell on the shelf in their cottage (小屋) and then went with his family to the boardwalk. Vikram didn’t go with them, because he was busy taking pictures. At the boardwalk, Sam saw shells on sale, but none were as 26 as his. Back at the cottage, he ran to his room to admire (欣赏) the shell. But it was gone (sth is gone 某物失踪了)! “Dad, where is my shell?” Sam cried (v.大叫). “Where did you put it?” Dad asked. “I put it on the shelf but it’s not there!” answered Sam. Then something caught his eye (sth catch sb’s eye 某物吸引了某人的注意力)…under Vikram’s bed. “Vikram took it,” he said. “I did not!” shouted Vikram. “I was taking pictures at the beach. Who cares about your 27 shell?” Sam didn’t say a word but quietly hid the shell under his clothes in a drawer. He checked on his 28 twice before everyone went to the beach for the last time. That afternoon, Sam and his family packed (收拾行李) to go home. Sam opened his drawer only to (only to do sth 却…，通常表示出乎意料的结果)find his shell gone again. shell 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第4页（共12页） During dinner, Sam 29 his family. He thought someone was hiding his shell. Who? And why? Suddenly, his missing shell walked into the room. “Look!” said Sam, pointing. Everyone looked. The shell that was pink inside now had 30 that raced for the door. It turned out to be a hermit crab. Everyone was amazed. Sam ran over and picked it up. “I’ll call you Sandy,” said Sam. “You can live at my house.” “He already has a home,” said Grandma. Sam 31 how his shell had washed up from the ocean. That was Sandy’s real home. That was where he wanted to be. “Grandma, will you come to the beach with me again? I have to 32 a gift.” Grandma smiled. 23. A. drove B. swam C. washed D. pointed wash sth/someone ashore 将某物或者某人冲刷上岸 24. A. proudly B. shyly C. secretly D. politely Sam 向每个家庭成员展示，说明他的心情是很骄傲的 25. A. found B. left C. lost D. threw 26. A. special B. big C. clean D. strong 27. A. perfect B. valuable C. dangerous D. boring 28. A. shelf B. treasure C. surprise D. picture 29. A. expected B. noticed C. believed D. studied 30. A. legs B. hands C. ears D. eyes 31. A. regretted B. imagined C. remembered D. discovered 32. A. send B. receive C. offer D. return 文章开头说是大海送来的礼物，Sam 现在要把他还回去 hermit crab 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第5页（共12页） 阅读理解 五、阅读选择（共 22 分，每题 2 分） A （一）阅读下面每本书的内容介绍，根据人物的喜好为他们推荐图书，并将每本书所对应的 A、B、 C、D 选项填在相应位置上。选项中有一项为多余选项。 33. ____ 34. ____ 35. ____ B D C 33. 34. 35. 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第6页（共12页） （二）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择最佳选 项。 B There is a busy street corner beside a bus station where kids change buses going to and from school. It’s not a pretty place. There’s noisy traffic and the nearby buildings are gray and unloved. However, it has a patch (小块 地) of beauty—a small garden called Pete’s Patch. Pete is one of the kids who wait here to change buses for nine minutes each day. In the past, it wasn’t a fun or pleasant place. There was nowhere nice to walk and the patch next to the station was littered with trash (垃圾). Pete had no choice because this was the only way. He felt like he was wasting his life away. There was nothing to look at, nothing to keep him busy, and hanging around (v.闲逛) like that each day drove him mad. He knew he couldn’t do anything to change the bus company’s timetable, but he could make the nine minutes more enjoyable for himself and others. He asked his mom for some trash bags. That week, he filled his nine minutes each day by picking up the trash. On the weekend, he asked his dad to drive down and take the trash bags to the dump (垃圾场). On Monday morning, the patch looked so much cleaner and nicer. Then next week, Pete began to pull weeds (杂草). One of his friends came to help. Soon the patch was looking good, but some dirty words on the walls of the bus station were really making him angry. Pete had an idea. He painted a mural (壁画) to cover the dirty words. When he started to work, more of his school friends joined him each day. Now Pete and his friends are proud of that patch, and they sure aren’t going to let anyone mess it up. They have even planted some fresh flowers. While waiting for their next bus, they walk through the patch and collect trash. One Monday, however, as he rode the bus to school, Pete looked, as usual, toward the patch. To his surprise, there was a sign on it. His friends had painted it. It read (sth read: … 某物上面写着:…): Pete’s Patch. 36. Why wasn’t the area around the bus station a pleasant place? A. Because there were too many people B. Because the flowers weren’t pretty. C. Because the walls weren’t colorful. D. Because there was a lot of trash. 37. What did Pete do to make the patch look nicer? A. He pulled weeds with his friend. B. He planted flowers with his mom. C. He changed the bus company’s timetable. D. He took a picture of the bus station’s walls. 38. Which words can best describe Pete? A. Hardworking and shy. B. Humorous and smart. C. Helpful and creative. D. Polite and brave. 39. What does the story tell us? A. Time flies but memories last forever. B. Good friends stick together like glue. C. Parents should always help their kids. D. A little action makes the world better. 36. 37.B 37.A 37.C 37.D 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第7页（共12页） C Para 1.引出话题：太阳系外行星的发现使得科幻小说更重要了 Research shows that the discovery of exoplanets (planets outside our solar system) has changed science fiction (小说). Now, books and movies present these planets more exactly, making science fiction more important than before. Para 2-3.科幻小说的作用 Imagine learning about stars in a classroom. You could start with complex (复杂的) pictures and facts, or you could watch the movie Star Wars where Luke Skywalker sees two suns from his home planet, Tatooine. Which will more easily awaken (v.唤起) the interest of a sleepy high school class? Science fiction has always caught our attention and it has inspired (激励) scientists to go for their dreams. For this reason, it is sometimes used to communicate science to the public (communicate sth to sb传达给某人 某事), even complex ideas. To be sure that this is a useful way, it is necessary to understand how science fiction shows actual science. Para 4-8.科幻小说是如何反应真正科学发现的研究 Emma Johanna Puranen and her team from the University of St Andrews and the Austrian Academy of Sciences did some research, studying a lot of science fiction works, including novels, movies, TV shows, podcasts, and video games to see how science fiction reflects (反映) real scientific discoveries about exoplanets. “Most stories that are set in space will finally have a scene (场景) on an exoplanet,” explains Puranen. “The reason for using exoplanets is that there was a huge change in our scientific understanding in 1995 when the first exoplanet around a sun-like star was discovered.” “Traditionally in science fiction, mostly there have been Earth-like planets,” explains Puranen. “But what has changed since the discovery of real exoplanets is that the fictional exoplanets have actually become a bit less Earth-like.” According to real science, many exoplanets are very different from Earth and often not in the “Goldilocks zone”, where conditions are friendlier to life as we know it. “I can guess that maybe writers of science fiction are reading all these headlines about worlds that are covered in lava or where it’s raining diamonds, which you see in the media,” says Puranen. Science fiction, in a way, reflects the knowledge and discoveries of its time. This makes it a valuable tool for science communication. It can introduce people to new scientific ideas in an interesting and understandable way. This research highlights (v.强调 ) the connection between scientific discoveries and creativity. While exploring the universe, science fiction can develop curiosity(好奇心) and make further research possible, making the subject of exoplanets an important example of how science and imagination improve each other. 40. The writer mentioned the movie Star Wars to _________. A. explain what an exoplanet is like in a humorous way B. present the result of the latest research about exoplanets C. show an interesting way of sharing science with everyone D. introduce a popular scientific movie by a famous director 41. How has science fiction changed after the discovery of the first exoplanet? A. It gives more attention to Earth. B. It describes the Earth differently. C. Science fiction has lost interest in explaining exoplanets. D. Exoplanets in science fiction have become less Earth-like. 42. The words “Goldilocks zone” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean _________. 41. 42. 43. 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第8页（共12页） A. a space found on an exoplanet B. an important part of our solar system C. an area which is good for scientific activities D. a place that provides living environment for life 通过后文的定语从句“…那里的条件像我们知道的那样对生命比较友好”可知划线词表示的是一个 可以让生命存活的地区 43. The writer probably agrees that _________. A. science fiction has played an active part in communicating science 科幻小说在传达科学知识方面起了积极作用 根据最后一段，作者对科幻小说和科学研究的态度是他们可以互相促进 B. scientific discoveries have slowed the development of imagination 科学发现阻碍了想象力的发展 C. science fiction has become less popular because of scientific discoveries 由于科学研究的发现科幻小说变得不那么流行了 D. new scientific discoveries have made science fiction easier to understand 新的科学发现让科幻小说更易懂了 六、阅读表达。（共 10 分，44-46 每题 2分，47 题 4 分） Did you know tomato ketchup, the most popular sauce (酱), was invented in China? It dates back thousands of years. People living along the coasts and rivers of southern China began to make the first ketchup by salting and fermenting (发酵) fish and shrimp. At first, this early ketchup was known only in southern China. After around 200 B.C. (Han Dynasty), the fish sauce became popular in the whole country, especially in a place called Fujian. There, the sauce got the name ketchup, which means fish sauce in Hokkien, the language of southern Fujian. Later, people from Fujian began to travel to places like Indonesia, where they built factories for making traditional Chinese sauces like ketchup— and that’s where the British first discovered it. In the early 1600s, British sailors who were traveling to Indonesia began to develop a taste for ketchup (develop a taste for sth 对某事产生兴趣). Their food on ships was boring, and ketchup made it taste better. Before long, they brought lots of ketchup home. But it was expensive, so the British started trying to make their own. A London cookbook from 1742 had a ketchup recipe (配方) with beer, fish, mushrooms, and spices. It was in the mid-1800s that the British started using tomatoes in ketchup. This was different from the fishy ketchup. Since tomatoes went bad fast, the company, Heinz, began to use vinegar (醋) in ketchup to make sure it could be stored for a long time. In the late 1800s, ketchup production and popularity began to rise in America. So, the makers in America increased ketchup production, creating recipes to satisfy Americans’ taste. It was a bit sweeter and thicker than British ketchup. By around 1910, ketchup began to look like the ketchup we put on McDonald’s fries today. However, there are also some differences between the ketchup of 1910 and today. In today’s ketchup, corn syrup (玉米糖浆) is used, not sugar. What’s more, to meet people’s needs for a healthy lifestyle, some companies also make healthier ones without sugar. From a fishy sauce in ancient Asia to a “goes-great-with-everything” sauce, ketchup has a long history full of changes. 44. Who made the first ketchup? People living along the coasts and rivers of southern China. （不扣其它语法分） 1 分 1 分 spices 44. 45. 46. 47.A 47.B 47.D 47.C 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第9页（共12页） 45. Why did British sailors like ketchup? Because their food on ships was boring, and ketchup made it taste better. 1 分 1 分 （没有写 because 扣 0.5 分，不扣其它语法分） 46. When did ketchup begin to look like the one we eat today? By around 1910. （如果没有写 around 扣 0.5 分，不扣其它语法分） 47. From a fishy sauce to today’s ketchup, what are the reasons for changing the ketchup recipe? (At least 3 reasons) The ketchup recipe was changed to make it less expensive for local people (1 分), help people store it for a longer time (1 分), and satisfy different people’s tastes/to meet people’s needs for a healthy lifestyle (1 分). (每点各占 1 分，语言分 1 分，语言错多于 3 处酌情扣 0.5-1 分) 书面表达 七、根据中文意思和英文提示词语写出句子。（共 8分，每题 2分） 48. 旅行之前做好准备很重要。(get ready) It’s important to get ready for the trip before traveling. 1 分 0.5 分 0.5 分 或 Getting ready for the trip before travelling is important. 1 分 0.5 分 0.5 分 （traveling 写成 travelling 不扣分，时态如果用过去时要扣 0.5 分） 49. 老师总是鼓励我们参加课后活动。(after-class activities) Our teacher always encourages us to take part in/join in after-class activities. 0.5 分 1 分 0.5 分 （其中 encourages us to 中 encourage sb. to 这个结构用对得 0.5 分， encourage正确变为单数第三人称 得 0.5 分， 有任何错误扣掉相应分数） 50. 到目前为止，《猫和老鼠》(Tom & Jerry)已经流行八十多年了。(so far) So far, Tom & Jerry has been popular for over /more than 80 years. 1 分 1 分 （其中 has been popular 有现在完成时使用准确得 0.5 分，popular 写对得 0.5 分；for 80 years 这个结构 用对得 0.5 分，over/more than 写对得 0.5 分 ） 51. 好朋友不仅能分享你的快乐，还能帮你解决问题。(not only…but also…) Good friends not only share your happiness, but also help you solve problems. 0.5 分 0.5 分 1 分 （not only...but also 这个结构不占分，但是用错扣 0.5 分） 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第10页（共12页） 八、文段表达（10 分） 52. 请根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于 40 词的文段写作。所给提示词语仅供选用。 在我们的人生旅程中，“做更好的自己”是一个永恒的主题: 从学习新技能到发展爱好，从建立友谊 到学会担当，都是不断克服困难、自我提升的过程。 假如你是李华，学校英文网站正在开展以“Be a better me”为题目的征文活动。请你向网站投稿， 分享一次经历。内容包括：什么使你成为了更好的自己，你经历了什么，你从中收获了什么。 提示词语：confident, experience, nervous, grow, improve 提示问题： 1. What made you “a better you”? 2. What happened? 3. What have you learned from it? Be a better me Possible version: There was an experience that helped me grow up. When I was 13 years old, my class chose me to take part in the school speech competition. I was so nervous and unsure of my abilities that I wanted to give up.However, with the encouragement of my class teacher, I decided to take on the challenge and worked hard to prepare for it. During the preparation, I became more creative than before, and also was able to express my thoughts clearly. Finally, I gave it my best. Although I didn’t win first prize, I became more confident and improved my writing skills. This experience taught me something about courage, and the spirit of not giving up helped me grow and become a better me. 第一档：（9 分–10 分） 完全符合题目要求，观点正确，要点齐全。语法结构和词汇满足文章需要，语言准确，语意连贯， 表达清楚，具有逻辑性。 第二档：（6 分–8 分） 基本符合题目要求，观点正确，要点齐全。语意基本连贯，有较少语言错误，但不影响整体理解。 第三档：（3 分–5 分） 部分内容符合题目要求，要点不齐全。语法结构和词汇错误较多，语言不通顺，表达不够清晰，影 响整理理解。 第四档：（0 分–2 分） 与题目有关内容不多，只是简单拼凑提示词语，所写内容难以理解。 注意：1.What 表述必须清楚：an experience，a competition, friendship, a new skill, my hobbies...，如表述 不清楚，即没有点题，最高 8 分；2.经历必须详写，太略最高 7 分；3.收获与要点 1 和主题相呼应，不 呼应的最高 8 分； 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第11页（共12页） 九、选做题（共 10 分，53 题 2 分，54 题 3 分，55 题 5 分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 How to Work on Your Self-esteem (自尊心) At about six years old, my mum was brushing my hair one morning before school when I asked her a question. “Am I ugly?” I asked, looking at her and my reflection in the mirror before me. She said no, and asked me where this question was coming from. I told her a boy in my class had called me ugly on the playground. That was the first time I remember feeling bad about myself. But that was just the beginning of a very long and troubled relationship with myself. That boy on the playground was far from (be far from sth 绝不是…,与下 文 certainly not同义) the last person to call me ugly. He was certainly not the last person to make me question my sense of self. I know I’m not alone in feeling this way, and you might have a similar story about the first time you ever wondered aloud or quietly whether or not you were “ugly”, whether you were “not smart”, or whether you were a “bad person”. So here are some tips (建议) to anyone who has ever wondered what to do about long- lasting low self-esteem. Challenge your negative thoughts Negative (负面的) thoughts can make you believe that many of the terrible things you’ve thought about yourself are true. Every time you think or say something negative about yourself, challenge it by telling yourself of something you did well or succeeded in. You shouldn’t believe everything you think. If you often find yourself expecting the worst, you might form a way of thinking that isn’t quite right. Researchers suggest paying attention to your way of thinking, and thinking it over again if you notice you’re often too hard on yourself (be hard on sb 对某人严苛). Keep an achievements journal Every day, write down the things you did well or achieved that day in your journal. This could be anything from finishing a task at workplace to making your own lunch—whatever you feel proud of. You can also use the journal to keep track (追踪) of different feelings you’re experiencing, finally steering (引导) it back to some positives. You can write down a few things you like about yourself as well. It may feel strange at first, but you’ll feel more comfortable when you practise it more. Avoid comparing yourself to others It’s really hard to avoid comparing yourself to others—especially if you spend much time on social media. If you’re worried about social media’s influence on your self-esteem, unfollow what makes you feel bad about yourself. You should tell yourself that life isn’t a competition. Every person is valuable and has his own successes and failings. The only person you need to compare yourself to is you. 53. Why did the writer feel bad about herself for the first time? Because a boy in her class called her ugly on the playground. 54. What does the writer suggest writing in a journal to deal with low self-esteem? The things I did well or achieved that day, different feelings I’m experiencing, and a few things I like about myself. 55. (1) Which tip do you think is the easiest one to follow? (2) Is the tip useful to people with long-lasting low self-esteem? Why or why not? 53. 54.A 54.B&C 北京市西城区 2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷 八年级英语 第12页（共12页） Possible answer: (1) “Keep an achievements journal” is the easiest one to follow. (2) Yes, it is. Firstly, it can help them record feelings and thoughts. In this way, they can know themselves better. Secondly, they can also become more confident, so I think it is useful to people with long-lasting low self-esteem.