05 非谓语动词 --- 2024年新九年级英语暑假语法知识抢先记（通用版）

2024年新九年级英语暑假语法知识抢先记（通用版） 05 非谓语动词 知识导图 考点一 动词不定式 1.不定式作宾语的情况比较多,但是一般情况下,不定式只作部分动词的宾语。经常接不定式作宾语(即:动词+to do sth.结构)的动词有: begin to do sth.开始做某事 hope to do sth.希望做某事 learn to do sth.学习做某事 expect to do sth.期望做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事 wish to do sth.希望做某事 forget to do sth.忘记做某事 like to do sth.喜欢做某事 decide to do sth.决定做某事 try to do sth.尽力做某事 continue to do sth.继续做某事 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事 2.不定式也可以用来作某些形容词的宾语。常见的这类形容词有: be ready to do sth.准备好做某事 be anxious to do sth.急于做某事 be able to do sth.能够做某事 be sure to do sth.一定做某事 be glad to do sth.高兴做某事 be sorry to do sth.很抱歉做某事 be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 be pleased to do sth.高兴做某事 be willing to do sth.愿意做某事 3.不定式和疑问词连用作宾语。如:when to do it (什么时候做);how to do it (怎样做);what to do (做什么);why to do it (为什么做);where to do it (在哪儿做);which to do(做哪一个)等等。 I don’t know what to buy for my mother.(what to buy作know的宾语) 我不知道给妈妈买什么。  4.不定式用作宾语补足语,也是在一些特定的动词之后。常接“宾语+宾补”(即:动词+sb.+to do sth.)的动词有: ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事  allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事 force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事  allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.期望某人做某事 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事 want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事 注意：有些动词(一感二听三让四看)feel, hear/listen to, make/have/let, see/look at/watch/notice+sb./sth.+do,后用不定式作宾补时须省略to。但这种句式在变为被动语态时,to不能省略。 They make the students do too much homework every day.  =The students are made to do too much homework every day.他们让学生每天做太多作业。  5. 动词不定式作状语 不定式作状语,修饰动词,用于表示行为的目的、结果、原因或条件等,一般放在动词后面。 1.to do/so as to do(不能放在句首)/in order to do作目的状语。如: I stay there to/in order to see what will happen.我待在那儿,以便看看会发生什么事。  To/In order to catch the early bus, he got up early.(此句不能用so as to)为了赶上早班车,他起得很早。  2.enough to do/too…to do结构。如: The boy isn’t old enough to go to school.  =The boy is too young to go to school.小男孩太小了,不可以去上学。  3.形容词(difficult, happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever等)+to do。如: The question is difficult to answer.这个问题很难回答。  考点二不带to不定式的常用句型 Why don’t you do sth.?为什么不做某事? Why not do sth.?为什么不做某事? Would/Could you please do sth.?请你做某事,好吗? Would/Could you please not do sth.?请你不要做某事,好吗? had better (not)do sth.最好(不)要做某事 would rather do sth. than do sth.宁愿做某事,也不愿做某事 prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事,也不愿做某事 考点三 动名词 1.动名词的基本形式和性质 (1)动名词是由“动词原形+-ing”构成,形式与动词的现在分词相同。如: No smoking here.这里禁止吸烟。 (2)动名词兼有动词和名词的性质。动词的性质是可以带宾语和状语,组成动名词短语;名词的性质是在句子中可以充当主语、宾语等。如: She is fond of collecting stamps.(作宾语)她喜欢集邮。 Traveling abroad can be very exciting.(作主语)出国旅行会是很激动人心的。 2.常见的可接动名词的短语: insist on坚持　　　　　 think of想到　　　　　　 dream of梦想　　　　　 look forward to期望 feel like想要 get/be used to习惯于 be fond of喜欢 be afraid of害怕 be tired of厌烦 succeed in成功 stop/keep/prevent…from阻止……做 spend…in在……花费 be interested in对……感兴趣 be proud of以……为骄傲/自豪depend on依靠 注意:有些动词既可接不定式,也可接-ing形式,但意义不同。 stop doing sth.停止做某事 stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.设法或努力去做某事 remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做) remember to do sth.记得去做某事(未做) forget doing sth.忘记做过某事(已做) forget to do sth.忘记去做某事(未做) be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 used to do sth.过去常常做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做) regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事(未做) 分层优练 夯实基础 1、 语法点单句特训 1.The painting is really valuable to him.He will never agree 　　　　it.  A.sell　 B.sells　 C.sold　 D.to sell 2.Boys and girls, good luck and wish you 　　　　good grades on your new journey!  A.cutting　 B.to cut 　 C.getting　 D.to get 3.If you want 　　　　your pronunciation, keep on practicing every day.  A.improve　 B.improved　 C.improving　 D.to improve 4.Mr.Brown told his son not ________the paintings in the museum.  A.touch 　 B.to touch　 C.touching　 D.touched 5.The new year is coming.Teachers encourage us 　　　　new hobbies.  A.develop　B.developing　C.to develop　D.developed 6.Many students practice ______ in the morning because of the P.E.exam.  A.run　 B.running　 C.ran D.to run 7.　　　　 the people locked inside, the firemen broke down the door.  A.Reach　 B.To reach　 C.Reaching　 D.To reaching 8.The local government advises people 　　　　to other places 　　　　it is not necessary during the pandemic.  A.travel; unless　 B.to not travel; if　 C.not to travel; unless　 D.not to travel; if 9.—Exercising is good for our health. —You’re right.So I’d rather 　　　　an hour’s walk than________in front of the computer.  A.to take; sit B.take; sit　 C.take; sitting D.to take; sitting 10.—The art festival is coming.It’s a good chance to show ourselves. —You are very good at 　　　　.And you will be the most popular star.  A.singing　 B.sing　 C.to sing　 D.sang 2、 用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1.The teacher told Jack 　 　 (turn) off the light when he left the classroom.  2.—Miss Li, can you tell me how to improve my writing skills? —Certainly.I advise you 　 　 (keep) a diary in English every day.  3.As teenagers, we are not allowed 　 　(bring) mobile phones into school so that we can focus on our schoolwork.  4.I used to 　 　(sleep) late, but now I am used to (go) to bed early.  5.The teacher warned us 　 (make) too much noise because the other students were having an exam.  6.　 　 (get) a better education, he studied abroad.  7.We must take action to prevent people from (cut) down too many trees.  8.You’d better 　 　(make) a plan 　 (manage) your time well.  9.Children should spend at least one hour 　 (exercise) every day.  10.　 (listen) to music in class is not allowed in our school.  三．小语篇特训 语法选择 Zhang finally managed 　1　 with some of his men and continued 　2　 to west without any dry food or drinking water.Due to the excellent skill of shooting arrows, they survived by 　3　 some birds and other animals along the way.When Zhang at last reached the Yue-chi in Northern India, he was sad 　4　 that they didn’t want 　5　 against the Xiongnu people.On the return journey, Zhang Qian and his men were again caught.It was not until 125 BC that they returned to Chang’an.  ( )1.A.escape　　　B.to escaping　　 C.to escape ( )2.A.travel　　　 B.to travel　　 C.to travelling　 ( )3.A.eat　　　　 B.eating　　　　 C.to eat　 ( )4.A.to find　　　 B.finding　　　 C.found　 ( )5.A.to fight　　 B.fights　　　　 C.to fighting 语篇提升 一.语法选择 My day began when I saw my six-year-old son Jonathan doing something in the garden by my azalea bush (杜鹃花丛).By the time I got out, I found he’d broken it! It was my favorite! “ 　1　 I take this to school?” he asked, smiling.Although a bit unhappy, I nodded.  The rest of 　2　 day, I was busy doing endless housework.Time had passed by fast before I realized it was already 3:00 p.m.I hurriedly got to school 　3　 up Jonathan.When I got there, the teacher told me she wanted to talk 　4　 Jonathan.  I had prepared myself for the worst, 　5　 the teacher’s words greatly surprised me.“Did you know Jonathan brought flowers to school today?” she asked.I nodded, thinking about my favorite bush.“See that little girl?” the teacher continued.I saw a bright-eyed child 　6　 drawing a picture with crayons.  “Well, her parents 　7　 her for jobs in a city and she is sad for days.I did all I could to comfort (安慰) her, but nothing worked.This morning I watched your son walk over to　8　 with some pretty pink flowers and say, ‘This is for you.’” I 　9　 by the kindness Jonathan showed to the little girl and I made up my mind to pass it on.Later that evening when my husband came back home from a 　10　 workday, I picked some pink azaleas and handed them to him.“This is for you,” I said.  ( )1.A.Should　 B.Can　 C.Must　 ( )2.A.a 　 B.an　 C.the　 ( )3.A.to pick 　 B.picking　 C.to picking　 ( )4.A.with　 B.about　 C.to　 ( )5.A.and　 B.so　 C.but　 ( )6.A.business 　 B.busily 　 C.busier　 ( )7.A.leaves 　 B.have left　 C.will leave　 ( )8.A.hers　 B.her　 C.she　 ( )9.A.warmed 　 B.warm　 C.was warmed　 ( )10.A.tired　 B.tiring 　 C.tiredness  参考答案： 夯实基础 一、1~5　DDDBC　6~10　BBDBA 二、1.to turn　2.to keep　3.to bring　4.sleep; going　5.not to make 6.To get　7.cutting　8.make; to manage　9.exercising 10.Listening 三、1~5　CBBAA 语篇提升 1.B 考查情态动词。句意：我可以带这个去学校吗？can表示请求许可，故选B。 2.C 考查冠词。此处用定冠词特指这一天，故选C。 3.A 考查动词不定式。此处用动词不定词表目的，故选A。 4.B 考查介词。固定搭配：take about谈论关于。故选B。 5.C 考查连词。前后分句是转折关系，故选C。 6.B 考查副词。修饰动词drawing用副词，故选B。 7.B 考查动词时态。根据时间提示词for days可知此处时态为现在完成时，主语是her parents，故选B。 8.B 考查代词。to后接宾语，故选B。 9.C 考查被动语态。“我”被Jonathan的善意所感动，时态前后一致，故选C。 10.B 考查形容词。此处表示令人感到疲倦的，故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$