精品解析：浙江省宁波市慈溪市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

2023学年第二学期高一期末测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do first? A. Finish her report. B. Buy some groceries. C. Pick up her mother. 2. How much more does Brian want? A. $10. B. $20. C. $30. 3. Where will the man probably go for holiday? A. The National Park. B. The mountain. C. The seaside. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Study in the library. B. Get a library card. C. Borrow books. 5. What does the man suggest doing? A. Waiting for the repairman. B. Doing nothing for a short while. C. Pressing the emergency button at once. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To ask for advice. B. To confirm the test time. C. To share study methods. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Ways of doing the shooting. B. Ways of doing maths homework. C. Ways of remembering times tables. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man going to do today? A. Write a report. B. Take a test. C. Make a presentation. 9. How does the man feel now? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Tired. 10. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Set off earlier. B. Work harder. C. Check the traffic. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When should the woman arrive at the company? A. At 8:00 am. B. At 8:15 am. C. At 8:30 am. 12. Why did the woman get up so late this morning? A. She was too sleepy. B. The weather was too cold. C. The alarm didn’t go off properly. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Former schoolmates. C. Colleagues. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where did the woman get her first job after college? A. In a film studio. B. In a talent agency. C. In a publishing firm. 15. Why did the woman’s mother put her in acting classes? A. To develop her talent. B. To let her know more people. C. To help her overcome her shyness. 16. What sport does the woman like best? A. Swimming. B. Skiing. C. Skating. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker get to Spain? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ship. 18. What did the speaker do on the first night in Spain? A. She rested at the hotel. B. She visited some friends. C. She experienced its nightlife. 19. Which place did the speaker visit last in Spain? A. Prado Museum. B. Santiago Stadium. C. Retiro Park. 20. What did the speaker think of her trip in Morocco? A. Great. B. Terrible. C. Boring. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Europe’s Most Beautiful Libraries Libraries hold a special charm. Here’s a brief introduction of some of the most amazing libraries across Europe. Royal Library in Copenhagen, Denmark Built in 1999, it is an extension of the old library, whose terrace (露台) can accommodate large crowds for events such as concerts and plays. Apart from the main functions of a library, the building houses a bookshop, a cafe and a restaurant. Warsaw University Library in Poland Located in the city center, it was founded in 1816, although the new building was completed in 1999. Its entrance contains blocks with writings in various languages, including a writing of Plato’s in Ancient Greek and also one in Ancient Polish. Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek in Vienna, Austria Parts of the site were originally built in 1898, but the library was repaired following a fire in 2005. The innovative decoration gives the impression that they came from another planet. It also boasts the title of the biggest library in German-speaking countries. Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice Italy It is located off San Marco Square and was completed in the late 1500s. Designed by Jacopo Sansovino, it has an elegant and somewhat unusual style for the period in which it was built. The interior beauty can really hold your breath. 1. What can visitors do in the Royal Library? A. See movies. B. Sell books. C. Make coffee. D. Enjoy concerts. 2. Which library has the longest history? A. Royal Library. B. Warsaw University Library. C. Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek. D. Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana. 3. What do the first three libraries have in common? A. They all have many functions. B. They are not the original architectures. C. They are famous for their unique decoration. D. They house many ancient works in various languages. B When 89-year-old Li Jinrong heard someone calling her “mom” at an event in Wuhan, Hubei Province, she immediately rose from her seat. A foreign woman ran toward her before hugging her tightly and saying, “Mom, mom.” The woman, Bouammouch Kheira, is from Algeria. She underwent a total nasal reconstruction operation (全鼻再造手术) — the first of its kind in Africa — that was done by Li and other members of a Chinese medical team 40 years ago. In 1984, Li joined the 11th Chinese medical aid mission to Algeria. She helped a hospital in the North African country carry out oral (口腔的) and facial operations. In 1985, 12-year-old Kheira visited the hospital to seek treatment for a stomach infection. Doctor Li happened to notice Kheira’s badly disfigured (容貌受损的) nose, the tip of which was bitten off by a donkey when she was just 2 years old. “Had she not been disfigured, she would have grown up to be a great beauty,” Li said. Then she devised a detailed treatment plan and decided to transplant the skin from one of Kheira’s upper arms to reconstruct her nose, because it matched her facial skin tone and would not leave noticeable scars. Though scared at first, Li’s sincere attitude and caring words reminded her of her mother and gave her hope. The reconstruction of Kheira’s nose required four operations over a period of two months. After its perfect completion, Kheira ran from ward (病房) to ward, telling everyone that she now had a nose, a gift from her “Chinese mother”. Kheira travelled 10,000 kilometers from Algeria to Wuhan. “This is my first visit to China, but I don’t feel the journey was hard at all, because I am so excited to meet Professor Li, my Chinese mother,” Kheira added, “Without my Chinese mother, my life would be darker than death,” 4. Why did Kheira go to the hospital in 1985? A. She went to visit doctor Li by design. B. Her nose tip was bitten off by a donkey. C. She longed to learn about facial operations. D. There was something wrong with her stomach. 5. What do we know about the operation performed on Kheira? A. It left no scars on Kheira’ body. B. It made Kheira’s life more positive. C. It was the first of this kind in the world. D. It was finished totally in one significant operation. 6. Which of the following words can be used to describe Professor Li? A. Caring and considerate. B. Honest and energetic. C. Humble and passionate. D. Selfless and ambitious. 7. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Mother of an African Girl. B. A Heart-warming Reunion. C. The Striking Nasal Operation. D. Contributions of Chinese Medical Teams. C The Paris Olympics are getting ready to defend against cyberattacks (网络攻击), with the threat possibly coming from criminals. “We are worried about everything from the broadcasters to the sponsors, transport infrastructures (基础设施) and support, and competitions. Any kind of attack is on the table,” said John Hultquist, an analyst at Mandiant Consulting, a US cybersecurity consultancy firm. His concern is reasonable, as cyberattacks are surprisingly common during the Olympic Games. The first cyberattack on the Olympics was in Montreal in 1976. Many events had to be postponed or moved because of the 48-hour electrical disruption. Tokyo Olympics in 2021 reported 450 million cyberattacks — which doubled the number experienced during the 2012 London Olympics. However, it’s important to note that the Paris Olympics will make the first attempt to take heavy advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) in its operation. “AI will have a huge impact on us,” a senior French military official stated. “It will allow us to rearrange data faster and extract key events, which will help fight back.” However, he also warned that there are many enemies and the resources may not be enough to deal with all possible attacks. These attacks could target gyms, local transportation such as trains and subways, Paris’ electricity and water systems, phone networks, and media reporting of the Games. The highest risk involves disruption of infrastructures and broadcasts. Furthermore, attacks could extend beyond the Games with the spread of fake videos about the events. Deepfake videos could be used to distract from the reality of particular events. Hultquist also warned that competition results could be tampered (篡改) with, highlighting the potential for interference (干扰) with cameras, timekeeping devices, and scoreboards. Talking about the importance of data security, he recommended keeping systems isolated (隔离的) and using paper backups for scores to ensure their security. 8. What does the underlined phrase “on the table” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Ready. B. Harmful. C. Possible. D. Preventable. 9. Why are many Olympics in the history mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To give the evidence of John’s worry. B. To specify the figures of the cyberattacks. C. To highlight the sharp increase in cyberattacks. D. To illustrate the bad effect caused by the disruption. 10. What is the senior French military official’s attitude toward the use of AI in the Paris Olympics? A. Curious but opposed. B. Positive and optimistic. C. Supportive but cautious. D. Uninterested and doubtful. 11. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. The high risks and their influences. B. Safety concerns of the event and the solutions. C. The impact of deepfake videos and related measures. D. The potential interference and the importance of security. D Have you ever wondered about the universal layout (布局) of supermarkets? Smart designers are behind it, subtly tempting you to walk through each aisle and fill your shopping cart without even realizing it. Grocery store design is a carefully crafted art from both psychological and marketing standpoints, according to Reeves Connelly, who studied architectural design at the Pratt Institute. He explained there is a specific reason why fruit and vegetables are often located at the front of the store, “You’ll grab the fruits and vegetables first and then hopefully feel less guilty about buying junk food later on.” Meanwhile, essential items such as milk and eggs are placed at the back of the store to ensure customers walk through other aisles with many unhealthy options like snacks and sodas, potentially increasing the likelihood of impulse purchases. There’s also a reason why you often feel lost in local supermarkets. Shockingly, they move things around. Reeves explained, “They are very much aware that these strategies become less effective after you visit the store a few times and get a better sense of where everything is, so they’ll regularly move the products to different aisles to con fuse you. The practice is not limited to a specific store but is employed across various retail chains.” “Their little tricks always work on me,” one regular shopper admits, “I walk in to get three things and end up spending $300; that’s why I hate grocery shopping,” he said. On the other hand, some shoppers are proud to declare they have never fallen into the trap. “That’s why I always keep a shopping list on me,” another shopper shared. “I’ve started having my groceries delivered. If I have to go to the store, I never grab a trolley. If I can’t carry it, I’m not buying it,” he added. 12. What is the purpose of the supermarket layout? A. To show the designer’s wisdom. B. To save consumers’ shopping time. C. To increase non-essential purchases. D. To provide multiple goods for choice. 13. What would the store owner probably do to make more profits? A. Put the healthy food together. B. Distribute junk food in different areas. C. Place essential items before junk food. D. Rearrange products in supermarkets regularly. 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Most shoppers are trapped in marketing tricks. B. Shopping baskets are better than heavy trolleys. C. Making lists can be a smart act for impulse buying. D. Grocery delivery can help improve supermarket sales. 15. Where is this text most likely from? A. A business magazine. B. A psychology report. C. A research paper. D. A shopping guide. 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 π (Pi) Day falls on March 14. This is the day when mathematicians and geometry (几何学) lovers around the world get together and celebrate the mathematical constant (常数) of Pi. ___16___ Firstly, the date which can be represented numerically in the format 3.14 represents the first 3 digits of π. Besides, one of our greatest physicists Albert Einstein was born on March 14,1897. In 2018, the famous physicist Stephen Hawking passed away on Pi Day. The earliest known celebration of Pi Day was organized by the physicist Larry Shaw at the San Francisco Exploratorium in 1988, featuring eating different kinds of fruit pies. ___17___ The museum staff marched around a circular room, sang songs, and ate pie. News stories about the celebration spread the idea to schools, museums, and communities. In 2009, US House of Representatives officially named this special day — “Pi Day”. Many people celebrate Pi Day with family and friends. ___18___ People make pizzas (round ones, of course) and bake cream pies. Some people even use a special pie pan shaped like the Greek letter π. They are also willing to drink pi-neapple juice. ___19___ Over thousands of years, people tried to unfold the puzzle behind this magic number. Before the appearance of modern computing technologies, mathematicians all over the world have made their efforts on calculating the approximation of Pi. ___20___ While Indian mathematician Aryabhata approximated Pi to √￣9.8624 using the circumference of a polygon (多边形) with 384 sides. On 2019’s Pi Day, Google announced that the calculation of Pi has already reached 31.4 trillion decimal (小数的) places. A. The most popular way is by eating pi-themed foods. B. March 14 seems to be tightly connected with Science. C. It was because “Pi” and “pie” sounded same in English. D. The world record for memorizing pi is held by Chao Lu from China. E. Chinese ancient mathematician Zu Chongzhi extended Pi to 7 decimal places. F. Another celebration is to recite this amazing number with countless decimal places. G. Pic an also be used to calculate the volume of something shaped like a ball or a tube. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Douglas Smith is a competitive guy. So when he turned his attention to the vegetable garden behind his home, he was devoted to it so much, in fact, that his casual hobby grew to ___21___. The British gardener has ___22___ a nearly 7-pound tomato, a 624-pound pumpkin and a 20-foot-tall sunflower. Recently, though, he has changed his focus from size to ___23___. Twice in a row, Smith broke the Guinness World Record for the most cherry tomatoes grown on a single stem. ___24___, he broke the previous record of 488 cherry tomatoes — which had been ___25___ for more than 10 years — after he grew 839 cherry tomatoes on one stem in September, 2021. Then, in 2022, Guinness World Records ___26___ that Smith had actually beaten his own world record, growing 1,269 cherry tomatoes on a single stem. Growing huge vegetables presented a(n) ___27___ opportunity to “push your gardening knowledge to do something different” Smith said. “If you’re trying to grow for a competition, you learn a lot more about ___28___ to grow them best through an exercise like this.” ___29___ the prospect of earning prizes and praise, what inspired Smith most, he said, was the learning process and the strong sense of ____30____ among fellow growers. Although it’s competitive in nature, the community cooperate. “Competitive vegetable-growing is actually knowledge sharing,” Smith said. For Smith, the process of growing supersize ____31____ is scientific. To ____32____ his cherry-tomato-growing operation, he spent countless hours reading research papers, sending soil samples to be tested in labs, trying out seed ____33____ and investigating the many tomato types. Now, Smith has his sights ____34____ on a new mission. He hopes to win the record for “most cherry tomatoes on a single plant”. He also intends to ____35____ at growing the world’s heaviest potato and eggplant. “It’s just a bit of fun,” he said. 21. A. principle B. career C. enthusiasm D. responsibility 22. A. harvested B. planted C. purchased D. won 23. A. price B. sum C. value D. nutrition 24. A. Finally B. Obviously C. Originally D. Absolutely 25. A. in doubt B. in turn C. in order D. in place 26 A. announced B. admitted C. pointed D. confirmed 27 A. familiar B. leading C. attractive D. brief 28. A. when B. where C. why D. how 29. A. Except B. Besides C. With D. Among 30. A. satisfaction B. belonging C. achievement D. competition 31. A. plant B. produce C. crop D. fruit 32. A. prepare for B. look into C. contribute to D. bring about 33. A. alternatives B. occasions C. varieties D. ranges 34. A. set B. fallen C. entrusted D. delivered 35. A. make a bet B. make a fortune C. take advantage D. take a shot 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mankind’s desire to explore the universe never fades away. They attach great importance to carrying on space exploration ___36___ the huge risks. The impossible dream of travelling to space was finally realized by some great scientists with ___37___ (determine). In 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and ___38___ (success) orbited around Earth. In 1961, the first Russian stepped into space. Over eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, ___39___ (claim) “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind”. Since then, many more goals ___40___ (achieve). The International Space Station ___41___ the scientists can live and do research in space is a good example to show man’s joint efforts and ongoing work. Though China’s space programme started later than ___42___ of Russia and the US, it has made great progress in a short time. China was the third country ___43___ (send) humans into space independently. The Shenzhou series have been launched, performing many important tasks. The completion of the Tiangong Space Station was also ___44___ landmark in China’s space development. In spite of the difficulties, the future is bright. More countries will make ___45___ (far) studies about other planets and more valuable discoveries. 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，某国际学校的学生会主席。你将在学校进行主题为“Say No to School Bullying”的宣讲。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. school bullying的形式和伤害；2. 提出可行的建议和措施。 注意： 1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3. 短文题目已给出。 Say No to School Bullying ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was a time in my life twenty years ago when I was driving a taxi to earn a living. I encountered people whose lives amazed me, made me laugh and made me weep. But none of those lives touched me more than that of a woman I picked up late on a warm August night. That night, I was called at 2:00 am to pick someone up. When I arrived, the building was completely dark except for one light in a window. In this case, many other drivers would just honk (按喇叭) once or twice, wait a short minute, then drive away. But I always went to the door to find the passenger. It might, I reasoned, be someone who needed my assistance. I walked to the door and knocked. “Just a minute,” answered a weak and elderly voice. After a long wait, the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase. “Would you carry my bag out to the car?” she said. I took her suitcase and gave her my arm. We walked slowly to the street. She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I try to treat my passengers how I want my mother treated.” “You’re such a good boy” she said. When we got in the taxi, she gave me an address. Then she asked, “Could you drive through the downtown?” “It’s not the shortest way,” I answered. “I don’t mind,” she said. “I’m in no hurry. I’m on my way to a hospice (临终安养院).” I saw her eyes shining with tears. “I don’t have any family left, she continued. “The doctor says I should go there. He says I don’t have very long.” I quietly turned off the meter (计程器). “What road do you want me to take?” I asked. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: For the next two hours, we drove through the city. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I did not pick up any more passengers that day, driving aimlessly, lost in thought. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1—5 AACCB 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ABBCC 16—20 ABCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023学年第二学期高一期末测试 英语 注意事项： 1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do first? A. Finish her report. B. Buy some groceries. C. Pick up her mother. 2. How much more does Brian want? A. $10. B. $20. C. $30. 3. Where will the man probably go for holiday? A. The National Park. B. The mountain. C. The seaside. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Study in the library. B. Get a library card. C. Borrow books. 5. What does the man suggest doing? A. Waiting for the repairman. B. Doing nothing for a short while. C. Pressing the emergency button at once. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To ask for advice. B. To confirm the test time. C. To share study methods. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Ways of doing the shooting. B. Ways of doing maths homework. C. Ways of remembering times tables. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the man going to do today? A. Write a report. B. Take a test. C. Make a presentation. 9. How does the man feel now? A. Worried. B. Confident. C. Tired. 10. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Set off earlier. B. Work harder. C. Check the traffic. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. When should the woman arrive at the company? A. At 8:00 am. B. At 8:15 am. C. At 8:30 am. 12. Why did the woman get up so late this morning? A. She was too sleepy. B. The weather was too cold. C. The alarm didn’t go off properly. 13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Former schoolmates. C. Colleagues. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where did the woman get her first job after college? A. In a film studio. B. In a talent agency. C. In a publishing firm. 15. Why did the woman’s mother put her in acting classes? A. To develop her talent. B. To let her know more people. C. To help her overcome her shyness. 16. What sport does the woman like best? A. Swimming. B. Skiing. C. Skating. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. How did the speaker get to Spain? A. By train. B. By plane. C. By ship. 18. What did the speaker do on the first night in Spain? A. She rested at the hotel. B. She visited some friends. C. She experienced its nightlife. 19. Which place did the speaker visit last in Spain? A. Prado Museum. B. Santiago Stadium. C. Retiro Park. 20. What did the speaker think of her trip in Morocco? A. Great. B. Terrible. C. Boring. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Europe’s Most Beautiful Libraries Libraries hold a special charm. Here’s a brief introduction of some of the most amazing libraries across Europe. Royal Library in Copenhagen, Denmark Built in 1999, it is an extension of the old library, whose terrace (露台) can accommodate large crowds for events such as concerts and plays. Apart from the main functions of a library, the building houses a bookshop, a cafe and a restaurant. Warsaw University Library in Poland Located in the city center, it was founded in 1816, although the new building was completed in 1999. Its entrance contains blocks with writings in various languages, including a writing of Plato’s in Ancient Greek and also one in Ancient Polish. Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek in Vienna, Austria Parts of the site were originally built in 1898, but the library was repaired following a fire in 2005. The innovative decoration gives the impression that they came from another planet. It also boasts the title of the biggest library in German-speaking countries. Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice, Italy It is located off San Marco Square and was completed in the late 1500s. Designed by Jacopo Sansovino, it has an elegant and somewhat unusual style for the period in which it was built. The interior beauty can really hold your breath. 1. What can visitors do in the Royal Library? A. See movies. B. Sell books. C. Make coffee. D. Enjoy concerts. 2. Which library has the longest history? A. Royal Library. B. Warsaw University Library. C. Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek. D. Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana. 3. What do the first three libraries have in common? A. They all have many functions. B. They are not the original architectures. C. They are famous for their unique decoration. D. They house many ancient works in various languages. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章要介绍了欧洲一些最美丽的图书馆，包括它们的位置、历史、设计和特色等。每个图书馆的描述都提供了具体的细节，如建造年份、建筑特色、内部设施等，旨在向读者介绍这些图书馆的独特之处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Royal Library in Copenhagen, Denmark部分中的“Built in 1999, it is an extension of the old library, whose terrace (露台) can accommodate large crowds for events such as concerts and plays.(它建于1999年，是旧图书馆的延伸，其露台可以容纳大量人群举办音乐会和戏剧等活动)”可知，这个图书馆除了图书馆的基本功能外，其露台还可以容纳大量人群进行音乐会等活动。因此，游客可以在皇家图书馆欣赏音乐会。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Royal Library in Copenhagen, Denmark部分中的“Built in 1999, it is an extension of the old library, whose terrace (露台) can accommodate large crowds for events such as concerts and plays.(它建于1999年，是旧图书馆的延伸，其露台可以容纳大量人群举办音乐会和戏剧等活动)”、Warsaw University Library in Poland部分中的“Located in the city center, it was founded in 1816, although the new building was completed in 1999.(它位于市中心，始建于1816年，尽管新建筑于1999年完工。)”、Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek in Vienna, Austria部分中的“Parts of the site were originally built in 1898, but the library was repaired following a fire in 2005.(图书馆的部分建筑最初建于1898年，但在2005年的一场火灾后，图书馆得到了修复)”以及Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana in Venice, Italy部分中的“It is located off San Marco Square and was completed in the late 1500s.(它位于圣马可广场附近，于16世纪后期完工)”可知，Warsaw University Library是在1816年成立的，Royal Library是1999年建造的，Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek的部分建筑是在1898年建造的，但经过2005年的火灾后进行了修复，而Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana是在16世纪末完成的。因此，Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana是这些图书馆中历史最悠久的。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Royal Library in Copenhagen, Denmark部分中的“Built in 1999, it is an extension of the old library, whose terrace (露台) can accommodate large crowds for events such as concerts and plays.(它建于1999年，是旧图书馆的延伸，其露台可以容纳大量人群举办音乐会和戏剧等活动)”、Warsaw University Library in Poland部分中的“Located in the city center, it was founded in 1816, although the new building was completed in 1999.(它位于市中心，始建于1816年，尽管新建筑于1999年完工)”、Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek in Vienna, Austria部分中的“Parts of the site were originally built in 1898, but the library was repaired following a fire in 2005.(图书馆的部分建筑最初建于1898年，但在2005年的一场火灾后，图书馆得到了修复)”可知，Royal Library是1999年建造的，是旧图书馆的扩建；Warsaw University Library的新建筑是在1999年完成的；Wirtschaftsuniversität Bibliothek的部分建筑是在1898年建造的，但经过2005年的火灾后进行了修复。因此，这三个图书馆的共同点是它们都不是原始的建筑。故选B。 B When 89-year-old Li Jinrong heard someone calling her “mom” at an event in Wuhan, Hubei Province, she immediately rose from her seat. A foreign woman ran toward her before hugging her tightly and saying, “Mom, mom.” The woman, Bouammouch Kheira, is from Algeria. She underwent a total nasal reconstruction operation (全鼻再造手术) — the first of its kind in Africa — that was done by Li and other members of a Chinese medical team 40 years ago. In 1984, Li joined the 11th Chinese medical aid mission to Algeria. She helped a hospital in the North African country carry out oral (口腔的) and facial operations. In 1985, 12-year-old Kheira visited the hospital to seek treatment for a stomach infection. Doctor Li happened to notice Kheira’s badly disfigured (容貌受损的) nose, the tip of which was bitten off by a donkey when she was just 2 years old. “Had she not been disfigured, she would have grown up to be a great beauty,” Li said. Then she devised a detailed treatment plan and decided to transplant the skin from one of Kheira’s upper arms to reconstruct her nose, because it matched her facial skin tone and would not leave noticeable scars. Though scared at first, Li’s sincere attitude and caring words reminded her of her mother and gave her hope. The reconstruction of Kheira’s nose required four operations over a period of two months. After its perfect completion, Kheira ran from ward (病房) to ward, telling everyone that she now had a nose, a gift from her “Chinese mother”. Kheira travelled 10,000 kilometers from Algeria to Wuhan. “This is my first visit to China, but I don’t feel the journey was hard at all, because I am so excited to meet Professor Li, my Chinese mother,” Kheira added, “Without my Chinese mother, my life would be darker than death,” 4. Why did Kheira go to the hospital in 1985? A. She went to visit doctor Li by design. B. Her nose tip was bitten off by a donkey. C. She longed to learn about facial operations. D. There was something wrong with her stomach. 5. What do we know about the operation performed on Kheira? A. It left no scars on Kheira’ body. B. It made Kheira’s life more positive. C. It was the first of this kind in the world. D. It was finished totally in one significant operation. 6. Which of the following words can be used to describe Professor Li? A. Caring and considerate. B. Honest and energetic. C. Humble and passionate. D. Selfless and ambitious. 7. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Mother of an African Girl. B. A Heart-warming Reunion. C. The Striking Nasal Operation. D. Contributions of Chinese Medical Teams. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述了中国医疗援助团队1985年在阿尔及利亚为一位患者进行全鼻再造手术，近40年后当时的患者Kheira跨越万里只为和当时的医生“中国妈妈”李金荣重聚，表达感激之情。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 1985, 12-year-old Kheira visited the hospital to seek treatment for a stomach infection.(1985年，12岁的Kheira到医院寻求治疗胃部感染)”可知，Kheira在1985年去了医院是因为她的胃有问题。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“After its perfect completion, Kheira ran from ward ( 病房 ) to ward, telling everyone that she now had a nose, a gift from her “Chinese mother”.(在完美完成后，凯拉从一个病房跑到另一个病房，告诉每个人她现在有了一个鼻子，这是她的“中国妈妈”给她的礼物。)”以及最后一段““This is my first visit to China, but I don’t feel the journey was hard at all, because I am so excited to meet Professor Li, my Chinese mother,” Kheira added, “Without my Chinese mother, my life would be darker than death,”(‘这是我第一次来中国，但我一点也不觉得旅途艰难，因为我很兴奋能见到我的中国母亲李教授，’凯拉补充道：‘没有我的中国母亲，我的生活将比死还要黑暗。’)”可知，凯拉的手术使凯拉的生活更加积极。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段““Had she not been disfigured, she would have grown up to be a great beauty,” Li said. Then she devised a detailed treatment plan and decided to transplant the skin from one of Kheira’s upper arms to reconstruct her nose, because it matched her facial skin tone and would not leave noticeable scars.(“如果她没有被毁容，她长大后会是一个大美人，”李说。然后，她设计了一个详细的治疗计划，并决定从凯拉的上臂上移植皮肤来重建她的鼻子，因为它与她的面部肤色相匹配，不会留下明显的疤痕)”以及第四段“Though scared at first, Li’s sincere attitude and caring words reminded her of her mother and gave her hope. (虽然一开始很害怕，但李真诚的态度和关心的话语让她想起了母亲，给了她希望)”可知，李教授是一个关心和体贴他人的人。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When 89-year-old Li Jinrong heard someone calling her “mom” at an event in Wuhan, Hubei Province, she immediately rose from her seat. s A foreign woman ran toward her before hugging her tightly and saying, “Mom, mom.(在湖北武汉的一次活动中，89岁的李金荣听到有人叫她“妈妈”，她立刻从座位上站了起来。一个外国女人跑过来紧紧地抱住她说：“妈妈，妈妈。”)”、最后一段中“Kheira travelled 10,000 kilometers from Algeria to Wuhan. “This is my first visit to China, but I don’t feel the journey was hard at all, because I am so excited to meet Professor Li, my Chinese mother,” Kheira added, “Without my Chinese mother, my life would be darker than death.”(凯拉从阿尔及利亚到武汉旅行了1万公里。“这是我第一次来中国，但我一点也不觉得旅途艰难，因为我很兴奋能见到我的中国母亲李教授，”凯拉补充道，“没有我的中国母亲，我的生活将比死还要黑暗。”)”结合文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了中国医疗援助团队1985年在阿尔及利亚的Kheira进行全鼻再造手术，近40年后Kheira跨越万里来到中国只为和当时的医生“中国妈妈”李金荣重聚，表达感激之情。B选项“温馨的团聚”最符合文章主旨。故选B。 C The Paris Olympics are getting ready to defend against cyberattacks (网络攻击), with the threat possibly coming from criminals. “We are worried about everything from the broadcasters to the sponsors, transport infrastructures (基础设施) and support, and competitions. Any kind of attack is on the table,” said John Hultquist, an analyst at Mandiant Consulting, a US cybersecurity consultancy firm. His concern is reasonable, as cyberattacks are surprisingly common during the Olympic Games. The first cyberattack on the Olympics was in Montreal in 1976. Many events had to be postponed or moved because of the 48-hour electrical disruption. Tokyo Olympics in 2021 reported 450 million cyberattacks — which doubled the number experienced during the 2012 London Olympics. However, it’s important to note that the Paris Olympics will make the first attempt to take heavy advantage of artificial intelligence (AI) in its operation. “AI will have a huge impact on us,” a senior French military official stated. “It will allow us to rearrange data faster and extract key events, which will help fight back.” However, he also warned that there are many enemies and the resources may not be enough to deal with all possible attacks. These attacks could target gyms, local transportation such as trains and subways, Paris’ electricity and water systems, phone networks, and media reporting of the Games. The highest risk involves disruption of infrastructures and broadcasts. Furthermore, attacks could extend beyond the Games with the spread of fake videos about the events. Deepfake videos could be used to distract from the reality of particular events. Hultquist also warned that competition results could be tampered (篡改) with, highlighting the potential for interference (干扰) with cameras, timekeeping devices, and scoreboards. Talking about the importance of data security, he recommended keeping systems isolated (隔离的) and using paper backups for scores to ensure their security. 8. What does the underlined phrase “on the table” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Ready. B. Harmful. C. Possible. D. Preventable. 9. Why are many Olympics in the history mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To give the evidence of John’s worry. B. To specify the figures of the cyberattacks. C. To highlight the sharp increase in cyberattacks. D. To illustrate the bad effect caused by the disruption. 10. What is the senior French military official’s attitude toward the use of AI in the Paris Olympics? A. Curious but opposed. B. Positive and optimistic. C. Supportive but cautious. D. Uninterested and doubtful. 11. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about? A. The high risks and their influences. B. Safety concerns of the event and the solutions. C. The impact of deepfake videos and related measures. D. The potential interference and the importance of security. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了巴黎奥运会正准备防范网络攻击，威胁可能来自犯罪分子。这样的担忧不无道理，因为网络攻击在奥运会期间出人意料地普遍。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“The Paris Olympics are getting ready to defend against cyberattacks (网络攻击), with the threat possibly coming from criminals.(巴黎奥运会正准备防范网络攻击，威胁可能来自犯罪分子)”以及划线词上文“We are worried about everything from the broadcasters to the sponsors, transport infrastructures (基础设施) and support, and competitions.(我们对转播商、赞助商、交通基础设施和支持以及比赛等一切都感到担忧)”以及“Any kind of attack is”可知，上文提到他们对一切网络攻击都感到担忧，由此说明任何形式的网络攻击都是可能的。故划线词意思是“可能的”。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“His concern is reasonable, as cyberattacks are surprisingly common during the Olympic Games. The first cyberattack on the Olympics was in Montreal in 1976. Many events had to be postponed or moved because of the 48-hour electrical disruption. Tokyo Olympics in 2021 reported 450 million cyberattacks — which doubled the number experienced during the 2012 London Olympics.(他的担忧不无道理，因为网络攻击在奥运会期间出人意料地普遍。第一次针对奥运会的网络攻击发生在1976年的蒙特利尔奥运会。由于48小时的电力中断，许多活动不得不推迟或转移。2021年东京奥运会报告了4.5亿次网络攻击，是2012年伦敦奥运会的两倍)”可知，提到历史上的许多奥运会是为了给出约翰担心的证据。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““AI will have a huge impact on us,” a senior French military official stated. “It will allow us to rearrange data faster and extract key events, which will help fight back.” However, he also warned that there are many enemies and the resources may not be enough to deal with all possible attacks.( 法国军方一位高级官员表示：“人工智能将对我们产生巨大影响。”“它将使我们能够更快地重新排列数据并提取关键事件，这将有助于反击。”然而，他也警告说，敌人很多，资源可能不足以应对所有可能的袭击)”可知，法国军方高级官员对在巴黎奥运会上使用人工智能持支持但谨慎态度。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“These attacks could target gyms, local transportation such as trains and subways, Paris’ electricity and water systems, phone networks, and media reporting of the Games. The highest risk involves disruption of infrastructures and broadcasts. Furthermore, attacks could extend beyond the Games with the spread of fake videos about the events. Deepfake videos could be used to distract from the reality of particular events.(这些攻击的目标可能是健身房、火车和地铁等当地交通工具、巴黎的电力和供水系统、电话网络以及媒体对奥运会的报道。最大的风险是基础设施和广播中断。此外，随着有关奥运会的虚假视频的传播，攻击可能会延伸到奥运会之外。深度造假视频可以用来分散人们对特定事件现实的注意力)”以及最后一段“Hultquist also warned that competition results could be tampered (篡改) with, highlighting the potential for interference (干扰) with cameras, timekeeping devices, and scoreboards. Talking about the importance of data security, he recommended keeping systems isolated (隔离的) and using paper backups for scores to ensure their security.(胡尔特奎斯特还警告说，比赛结果可能被篡改，他强调了干扰摄像机、计时设备和记分牌的可能性。在谈到数据安全的重要性时，他建议保持系统隔离，并使用纸质备份来确保分数的安全性)”可知，最后两段主要讲的是活动的安全问题及解决方案。故选B。 D Have you ever wondered about the universal layout (布局) of supermarkets? Smart designers are behind it, subtly tempting you to walk through each aisle and fill your shopping cart without even realizing it. Grocery store design is a carefully crafted art from both psychological and marketing standpoints, according to Reeves Connelly, who studied architectural design at the Pratt Institute. He explained there is a specific reason why fruit and vegetables are often located at the front of the store, “You’ll grab the fruits and vegetables first and then hopefully feel less guilty about buying junk food later on.” Meanwhile, essential items such as milk and eggs are placed at the back of the store to ensure customers walk through other aisles with many unhealthy options like snacks and sodas, potentially increasing the likelihood of impulse purchases. There’s also a reason why you often feel lost in local supermarkets. Shockingly, they move things around. Reeves explained, “They are very much aware that these strategies become less effective after you visit the store a few times and get a better sense of where everything is, so they’ll regularly move the products to different aisles to con fuse you. The practice is not limited to a specific store but is employed across various retail chains.” “Their little tricks always work on me,” one regular shopper admits, “I walk in to get three things and end up spending $300; that’s why I hate grocery shopping,” he said. On the other hand, some shoppers are proud to declare they have never fallen into the trap. “That’s why I always keep a shopping list on me,” another shopper shared. “I’ve started having my groceries delivered. If I have to go to the store, I never grab a trolley. If I can’t carry it, I’m not buying it,” he added. 12. What is the purpose of the supermarket layout? A. To show the designer’s wisdom. B. To save consumers’ shopping time. C. To increase non-essential purchases. D. To provide multiple goods for choice. 13. What would the store owner probably do to make more profits? A. Put the healthy food together. B. Distribute junk food in different areas. C. Place essential items before junk food. D. Rearrange products in supermarkets regularly. 14. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Most shoppers are trapped in marketing tricks. B. Shopping baskets are better than heavy trolleys. C. Making lists can be a smart act for impulse buying. D. Grocery delivery can help improve supermarket sales. 15. Where is this text most likely from? A. A business magazine. B. A psychology report. C. A research paper. D. A shopping guide. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了超市布局背后促进非必要消费的特殊原因以及建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Meanwhile, essential items such as milk and eggs are placed at the back of the store to ensure customers walk through other aisles with many unhealthy options like snacks and sodas, potentially increasing the likelihood of impulse purchases.(与此同时，牛奶和鸡蛋等必需品被放在商店的后面，以确保顾客穿过其他过道，有许多不健康的选择，如零食和苏打水，这可能会增加冲动购物的可能性)”可知，超市布局的目的是促进非必要消费。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Reeves explained, “They are very much aware that these strategies become less effective after you visit the store a few times and get a better sense of where everything is, so they’ll regularly move the products to different aisles to con fuse you. The practice is not limited to a specific store but is employed across various retail chains.”(里夫斯解释说：“他们非常清楚，当你几次光顾商店并更好地了解每样商品的位置后，这些策略的效果就会降低，所以他们会定期将产品移到不同的过道，让你感到困惑。这种做法不仅限于特定的商店，而是被各种零售连锁店采用。”)”可知，为了提高利润，店主可能会定期重新安排超市的产品布局。故选D。 14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“On the other hand, some shoppers are proud to declare they have never fallen into the trap. “That’s why I always keep a shopping list on me,” another shopper shared.(另一方面，一些购物者自豪地宣称他们从未落入陷阱。“这就是为什么我总是把购物清单放在身上，”另一位购物者分享道)”可推知，带购物清单是避免冲动购物的明智之举。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever wondered about the universal layout (布局) of supermarkets? Smart designers are behind it, subtly tempting you to walk through each aisle and fill your shopping cart without even realizing it.(你有没有想过超市的通用布局？聪明的设计师在背后，巧妙地引诱你穿过每一条过道，在不知不觉中装满购物车)”以及全文可知，文章主要说明了超市布局背后促进非必要消费的特殊原因以及建议。由此推知，文章可能选自一本商业杂志。故选A。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 π (Pi) Day falls on March 14. This is the day when mathematicians and geometry (几何学) lovers around the world get together and celebrate the mathematical constant (常数) of Pi. ___16___ Firstly, the date which can be represented numerically in the format 3.14 represents the first 3 digits of π. Besides, one of our greatest physicists Albert Einstein was born on March 14,1897. In 2018, the famous physicist Stephen Hawking passed away on Pi Day. The earliest known celebration of Pi Day was organized by the physicist Larry Shaw at the San Francisco Exploratorium in 1988, featuring eating different kinds of fruit pies. ___17___ The museum staff marched around a circular room, sang songs, and ate pie. News stories about the celebration spread the idea to schools, museums, and communities. In 2009, US House of Representatives officially named this special day — “Pi Day”. Many people celebrate Pi Day with family and friends. ___18___ People make pizzas (round ones, of course) and bake cream pies. Some people even use a special pie pan shaped like the Greek letter π. They are also willing to drink pi-neapple juice. ___19___ Over thousands of years, people tried to unfold the puzzle behind this magic number. Before the appearance of modern computing technologies, mathematicians all over the world have made their efforts on calculating the approximation of Pi. ___20___ While Indian mathematician Aryabhata approximated Pi to √￣9.8624 using the circumference of a polygon (多边形) with 384 sides. On 2019’s Pi Day, Google announced that the calculation of Pi has already reached 31.4 trillion decimal (小数的) places. A. The most popular way is by eating pi-themed foods. B. March 14 seems to be tightly connected with Science. C. It was because “Pi” and “pie” sounded same in English. D. The world record for memorizing pi is held by Chao Lu from China. E. Chinese ancient mathematician Zu Chongzhi extended Pi to 7 decimal places. F. Another celebration is to recite this amazing number with countless decimal places. G. Pic an also be used to calculate the volume of something shaped like a ball or a tube. 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圆周率日的由来、庆祝方式以及人们如何努力计算π的值。 【16题详解】 根据下文内容“Firstly, the date which can be represented numerically in the format 3.14 represents the first 3 digits of π. Besides, one of our greatest physicists Albert Einstein was born on March 14,1897. In 2018, the famous physicist Stephen Hawking passed away on Pi Day.(首先，可以用3.14格式表示的日期代表π的前3位数字。此外，我们最伟大的物理学家之一阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦出生于1897年3月14日。2018年，著名物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金在圆周率日去世)”可知，下文讲述的是3月14日和科学有联系的一些例子。选项B“March 14 seems to be tightly connected with Science.(3月14日似乎与科学密切相关。)”与下文内容一致，是下文内容的概括。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“The earliest known celebration of Pi Day was organized by the physicist Larry Shaw at the San Francisco Exploratorium in 1988, featuring eating different kinds of fruit pies.(已知最早的圆周率日庆祝活动是1988年由物理学家Larry Shaw在旧金山探索馆组织的，活动内容是吃不同种类的水果派)”可知，在最早的圆周率日庆祝活动上，人们会吃各种水果派。选项C“It was because “Pi” and “pie” sounded same in English.(这是因为“Pi”和“pie”在英语中发音相同。)”是上文内容的自然延续，解释了人们为什么会在圆周率日庆祝活动上吃水果派。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据空前内容“Many people celebrate Pi Day with family and friends.(许多人与家人和朋友一起庆祝圆周率日)”可知，人们会和家人朋友一起庆祝圆周率日。选项A“The most popular way is by eating pi-themed foods.(最流行的方式是吃pi主题的食物。)”延续上文内容，指的是人们会通过吃pi主题的食物来庆祝圆周率日。同时自然引出下文内容“People make pizzas (round ones, of course) and bake cream pies. Some people even use a special pie pan shaped like the Greek letter π. (人们做披萨(当然是圆的)和烤奶油派。有些人甚至用希腊字母π形状的特殊烤盘)”，指的都是人们会吃pi主题的食物。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文内容“People make pizzas (round ones, of course) and bake cream pies. Some people even use a special pie pan shaped like the Greek letter π. They are also willing to drink pi-neapple juice.(人们做披萨(当然是圆的)和烤奶油派。有些人甚至用希腊字母π形状的特殊烤盘。他们也愿意喝菠萝汁)”可知，上文提到的是人们会吃pi主题的食物来庆祝圆周率日的方式。选项F“Another celebration is to recite this amazing number with countless decimal places.(另一个庆祝活动是背诵这个有无数小数点的惊人数字。)”提出了另一种庆祝圆周率日的方式。从而与本段段首句“Many people celebrate Pi Day with family and friends.(许多人与家人和朋友一起庆祝圆周率日)”形成一致。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据上文内容“Before the appearance of modern computing technologies, mathematicians all over the world have made their efforts on calculating the approximation of Pi.(在现代计算技术出现之前，世界各地的数学家都在努力计算圆周率的近似值)”可知，在现代计算技术出现之前，世界各地的数学家都在努力计算圆周率的近似值。选项E“Chinese ancient mathematician Zu Chongzhi extended Pi to 7 decimal places.(中国古代数学家祖冲之将圆周率扩展到小数点后7位。)”延续上文内容，指出中国古代数学家祖冲之将圆周率扩展到小数点后7位。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Douglas Smith is a competitive guy. So when he turned his attention to the vegetable garden behind his home, he was devoted to it so much, in fact, that his casual hobby grew to ___21___. The British gardener has ___22___ a nearly 7-pound tomato, a 624-pound pumpkin and a 20-foot-tall sunflower. Recently, though, he has changed his focus from size to ___23___. Twice in a row, Smith broke the Guinness World Record for the most cherry tomatoes grown on a single stem. ___24___, he broke the previous record of 488 cherry tomatoes — which had been ___25___ for more than 10 years — after he grew 839 cherry tomatoes on one stem in September, 2021. Then, in 2022, Guinness World Records ___26___ that Smith had actually beaten his own world record, growing 1,269 cherry tomatoes on a single stem. Growing huge vegetables presented a(n) ___27___ opportunity to “push your gardening knowledge to do something different,” Smith said. “If you’re trying to grow for a competition, you learn a lot more about ___28___ to grow them best through an exercise like this.” ___29___ the prospect of earning prizes and praise, what inspired Smith most, he said, was the learning process and the strong sense of ____30____ among fellow growers. Although it’s competitive in nature, the community cooperate. “Competitive vegetable-growing is actually knowledge sharing,” Smith said. For Smith, the process of growing supersize ____31____ is scientific. To ____32____ his cherry-tomato-growing operation, he spent countless hours reading research papers, sending soil samples to be tested in labs, trying out seed ____33____ and investigating the many tomato types. Now, Smith has his sights ____34____ on a new mission. He hopes to win the record for “most cherry tomatoes on a single plant”. He also intends to ____35____ at growing the world’s heaviest potato and eggplant. “It’s just a bit of fun,” he said. 21. A. principle B. career C. enthusiasm D. responsibility 22. A. harvested B. planted C. purchased D. won 23. A. price B. sum C. value D. nutrition 24. A. Finally B. Obviously C. Originally D. Absolutely 25. A. in doubt B. in turn C. in order D. in place 26. A. announced B. admitted C. pointed D. confirmed 27. A. familiar B. leading C. attractive D. brief 28. A. when B. where C. why D. how 29. A. Except B. Besides C. With D. Among 30. A. satisfaction B. belonging C. achievement D. competition 31. A. plant B. produce C. crop D. fruit 32. A. prepare for B. look into C. contribute to D. bring about 33. A. alternatives B. occasions C. varieties D. ranges 34. A. set B. fallen C. entrusted D. delivered 35. A. make a bet B. make a fortune C. take advantage D. take a shot 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了道格拉斯·史密斯是个好胜心强的人。他把注意力转向家后面的菜园并把业余爱好发展成了热情。种植的农作物打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。他还要尝试种植世界上最重的土豆和茄子。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，当他把注意力转向家后面的菜园时，他对它如此投入，事实上，他的业余爱好发展成了热情。A. principle原则；B. career职业；C. enthusiasm热情；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“Then, in 2022, Guinness World Records ___6__ that Smith had actually beaten his own world record, growing 1,269 cherry tomatoes on a single stem.”可知，史密斯对种菜不仅仅是业余爱好，更是把业余爱好变成了一种激情和热忱。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位英国园丁收获了一个近7磅重的番茄、一个624磅重的南瓜和一株20英尺高的向日葵。A. harvested收获；B. planted种植；C. purchased购买；D. won赢了。根据下文“a nearly 7-pound tomato, a 624-pound pumpkin and a 20-foot-tall sunflower”可知，这是他收获的东西。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，最近，他把注意力从尺寸转向了总和。A. price价格；B. sum总数；C. value价值；D. nutrition营养。根据下文“__4___ , he broke the previous record of 488 cherry tomatoes—which had been ___5___ for more than 10 years—after he grew 839 cherry tomatoes on one stem in September, 2021.”可知，这些数字都是指的是种植的作物的数量。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，他在2021年9月单茎种植了839个樱桃番茄，打破了此前保持了10多年的488个樱桃番茄的纪录。A. Finally最后地；B. Obviously显然地；C. Originally最初地；D. Absolutely绝对地。根据下文“Then, in 2022, Guinness World Records ___6__ that Smith had actually beaten his own world record, growing 1,269 cherry tomatoes on a single stem.”中的“then”可知，在2021年9月他先是打破了保持十年的记录。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意同上题。A. in doubt有疑问；B. in turn依次为；C. in order按顺序；D. in place适当的，在原地。根据下文“for more than 10 years”可知，这项记录十多年来一直处于这个数值，没有改变。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2022年，吉尼斯世界纪录宣布，史密斯实际上打破了自己的世界纪录，在一根茎上种植了1269个樱桃番茄。A. announced宣布；B. admitted承认；C. pointed指出；D. confirmed确认。根据下文“that Smith had actually beaten his own world record, growing 1,269 cherry tomatoes on a single stem.”可知，世界吉尼斯记录宣布了这一结果。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯说，种植大量蔬菜提供了一个有吸引力的机会，可以“推动你的园艺知识做一些不同的事情”。A. familiar熟悉的；B. leading领先的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. brief简明的。根据下文“push your gardening knowledge to do something different”可知，种植大量蔬菜是一件有吸引力的事情。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：如果你想在比赛中成长，你会通过这样的练习学到更多关于如何让他们成长得最好的知识。A. when当……时候；B. where哪里；C. why为什么；D. how怎样。根据下文“to grow them best through an exercise like this”可知，通过比赛可以学习如何让植物成长的知识。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他说，除了获得奖品和赞誉的可能性，史密斯最受启发的是学习过程和种植者之间强烈的归属感。A. Except除去；B. Besides除了……还有；C. With与；D. Among在…之间。根据下文“what inspired Smith most, he said, was the learning process and the strong sense of ___10___ among fellow growers”可知，史密斯学习种植过程中的收获不仅有强烈的归属感还有奖品和赞誉。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. satisfaction满意；B. belonging属于，归属感；C. achievement成就；D. competition竞争。根据下文“among fellow growers.”可知，通过种植作物，史密斯融入到了种植者之间，找到了归属感。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对史密斯来说，种植超大型农产品的过程是科学的。A. plant植物；B. produce农产品；C. crop作物；D. fruit水果。根据下文“To ___12___ his cherry-tomato-growing operation”可知，樱桃番茄是准备要生产的农产品。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了准备他的樱桃番茄种植作业，他花了无数个小时阅读研究论文，发送土壤样本到实验室进行测试，尝试种子品种，并调查许多番茄类型。A. prepare for为……做准备；B. look into调查；C. contribute to贡献；D. bring about引起。根据下文“he spent countless hours reading research papers, sending soil samples to be tested in labs, trying out seed ___13___ and investigating the many tomato types.”可知，这些是他为生产樱桃番茄做的准备。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. alternatives备选方案；B. occasions场合；C. varieties品种；D. ranges范围。根据下文“many tomato types”可知，他试验了很多不同种类的番茄。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，史密斯把目光投向了一项新的任务。A. set设置；B. fallen倒下；C. entrusted委托；D. delivered交付，传送。根据下文“on a new mission”可知，史密斯把目光投向了一项新的任务。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还打算尝试种植世界上最重的土豆和茄子。A. make a bet下赌注；B. make a fortune发财；C. take advantage利用；D. take a shot尝试。根据下文“growing the world’s heaviest potato and eggplant”可知，种植世界上最终的土豆和茄子是在做一种尝试。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mankind’s desire to explore the universe never fades away. They attach great importance to carrying on space exploration ___36___ the huge risks. The impossible dream of travelling to space was finally realized by some great scientists with ___37___ (determine). In 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and ___38___ (success) orbited around Earth. In 1961, the first Russian stepped into space. Over eight years later, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, ___39___ (claim) “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind”. Since then, many more goals ___40___ (achieve). The International Space Station ___41___ the scientists can live and do research in space is a good example to show man’s joint efforts and ongoing work. Though China’s space programme started later than ___42___ of Russia and the US it has made great progress in a short time. China was the third country ___43___ (send) humans into space independently. The Shenzhou series have been launched, performing many important tasks. The completion of the Tiangong Space Station was also ___44___ landmark in China’s space development. In spite of the difficulties, the future is bright. More countries will make ___45___ (far) studies about other planets and more valuable discoveries. 【答案】36. despite 37. determination 38. successfully 39. claiming 40. have been achieved 41. where 42. those 43. to send 44. a 45. further 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类对太空探索的不懈追求，从苏联发射第一颗人造卫星到国际空间站的建立，以及中国航天事业的迅速发展，展现了各国在太空探索领域的重大成就与合作。 【36题详解】 考查介词。 句意：尽管存在巨大风险，但他们非常重视进行太空探索。空处需要介词despite，表示“尽管存在巨大的风险”，和后面的名词组合在句中作状语。故填despite。 【37题详解】 考查名词。 句意：一些伟大的科学家以坚定的决心最终实现了进入太空的不可能之梦。空处需要名词形式作介词的宾语。determine的名词形式为determination“决心”，不可数。故填determination。 【38题详解】 考查副词。 句意：1957年，苏联发射了人造卫星Sputnik 1号，并成功地绕地球轨道运行。空处需要副词successfully修饰动词orbited，表示“成功地”。故填successfully。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。 句意：八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，宣称：“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。”句中已有谓语动词，空处需要现在分词作伴随状语，描述或补充说明主句的动作，它表明两个动作几乎是同时发生的。故填claiming。 【40题详解】 考查时态和语态。 句意：从那以后，更多的目标已经实现。空处是句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语Since then可知，句子用现在完成时，该动词和主语之间为被动关系，所以用现在完成时态的被动语态，主语为复数。故填have been achieved。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。 句意：国际空间站是科学家们可以在其中生活和进行太空研究的地方，这是展现人类共同努力和持续工作的良好例证。空处需要关系副词where引导定语从句，修饰先行词The International Space Station，并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。 【42题详解】 考查代词。 句意：虽然中国的太空计划起步比俄罗斯和美国晚，但在短时间内取得了巨大进步。空处需要使用代词指代前文提到space programmes，因为空缺处代表复数概念，所以用代词those。those指代和前文中同类不同物的复数名词，实际此处指的是“Russia’s and the US’s space programmes”。故填those。 【43题详解】 考查不定式作后置定语。 句意：中国是第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。空处需要非谓动词作定语修饰country。因为名词前面有序数词third修饰，所以此处需要动词不定式作后置定语。故填to send。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。 句意：天宫空间站的建成也是中国太空发展的里程碑。landmark为可数名词“里程碑”，空处需要冠词表示泛指，此处指一个里程碑。空后的名词landmark为辅音音素开始的单词，所以需要用不定冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查形容词比较级。 句意：尽管困难重重，但未来是光明的。更多的国家将对其他行星进行更深入的研究，并取得更有价值的发现。空处需要形容词比较级further，表示“更进一步的”，与more valuable discoveries相呼应，表达程度上的递进。故填further。 第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，某国际学校的学生会主席。你将在学校进行主题为“Say No to School Bullying”的宣讲。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括： 1. school bullying的形式和伤害；2. 提出可行的建议和措施。 注意： 1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3. 短文题目已给出。 Say No to School Bullying ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Say No to School Bullying I am honored to deliver a speech on the pressing issue of school bullying. School bullying is a serious problem that takes various forms, including physical violence, verbal abuse and social exclusion. These actions do great harm to victims, leading to feelings of fear, isolation, and low self-esteem. So it is crucial to say “No” to school bullying. We can launch campaigns to educate ourselves and others on the harmful impacts of school bullying as well as promote a culture of empathy and respect within our school community. If we witness school bullying, do stand up and report it. Together I am sure we will create a bully-free campus! Thank you for your listening. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Say No to School Bullying”为主题写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 各种各样的：various→a variety of 导致：lead to→result in 至关重要的：crucial→vital 有害的：harmful→detrimental 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：These actions do great harm to victims, leading to feelings of fear, isolation, and low self-esteem. 拓展句：These actions do great harm to victims, which will lead to feelings of fear, isolation, and low self-esteem. 【点睛】【高分句型1】School bullying is a serious problem that takes various forms, including physical violence, verbal abuse and social exclusion. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】If we witness school bullying, do stand up and report it. (运用了If引导的条件状语从句) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 There was a time in my life twenty years ago when I was driving a taxi to earn a living. I encountered people whose lives amazed me, made me laugh and made me weep. But none of those lives touched me more than that of a woman I picked up late on a warm August night. That night I was called at 2:00 am to pick someone up. When I arrived, the building was completely dark except for one light in a window. In this case, many other drivers would just honk (按喇叭) once or twice, wait a short minute, then drive away. But I always went to the door to find the passenger. It might, I reasoned, be someone who needed my assistance. I walked to the door and knocked. “Just a minute,” answered a weak and elderly voice. After a long wait, the door opened. A small woman in her 80s stood before me. By her side was a small suitcase. “Would you carry my bag out to the car?” she said. I took her suitcase and gave her my arm. We walked slowly to the street. She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I try to treat my passengers how I want my mother treated.” “You’re such a good boy,” she said. When we got in the taxi, she gave me an address. Then she asked, “Could you drive through the downtown?” “It’s not the shortest way,” I answered. “I don’t mind,” she said. “I’m in no hurry. I’m on my way to a hospice (临终安养院).” I saw her eyes shining with tears. “I don’t have any family left, she continued. “The doctor says I should go there. He says I don’t have very long.” I quietly turned off the meter (计程器). “What road do you want me to take?” I asked. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: For the next two hours, we drove through the city. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: I did not pick up any more passengers that day, driving aimlessly, lost in thought. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】For the next two hours we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked. We drove through the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived. Sometimes she’d ask me to slow in front of a particular building and stare into the darkness, saying nothing. When morning broke, we arrived at the address. She asked, “How much should I pay you?” “Nothing,” I said. She thanked me and said, “You give an old woman a little moment of joy.” Then behind me, a door was shut. It was the sound of the closing of a life. I did not pick up any more passengers that day, driving aimlessly, lost in thought. We’re conditioned to think that our lives center on great moments. But great moments catch us unawares. When that woman said that I had brought her a moment of joy, I had good reasons to believe that I had been placed on earth for the single purpose of providing her with that last ride. I do not think that I have ever done anything in my life that was any more important. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了二十多年前的一个深夜，作者免费开出租车把一位时日无多的年老女士送往疗养院。在这个过程中作者带老妇人穿过城市，带她回忆了过往。作者的体贴和免车费给老妇人带来了快乐。作者感悟到送老妇人最后一程就是他人生中伟大的时刻。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在接下来的两个小时里，我们开车穿过城市。”可知，第一段可描写作者和老妇人一起走过她工作过的地方，她和她的丈夫生活过的街道。作者没有收取老妇人的乘车费，这给老妇人带来了一些快乐。 ②由第二段首句内容“那天我没有接更多的乘客，漫无目的地开车，陷入沉思。”可知，第二段可描写作者反思什么样的事情才是世界上伟大的事情，什么样的时刻才是伟大的时刻。作者感悟到能够送老妇人最后一程是作者做过的最重要的最有意义的事情。 2.续写线索：凌晨去接乘客——带老妇人穿过城市：老妇人曾经工作生活留下记忆的地方——路程很长但是作者没有收取费用——给老妇人带来快乐——作者沉思——原先以为的生活中伟大的时刻多么措手不及——实际上给别人带来快乐就是伟大的事情 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①到达：arrive at/reach ②相信：believe/be convinced ③拒绝：provide her with that last ride/offer her that last ride 情绪类 ①感谢：thank/show her gratitude ②一点点欢乐：a little moment of joy/a bit of happiness 【点睛】 【高分句型1】Sometimes she’d ask me to slow in front of a particular building and stare into the darkness, saying nothing. (使用了现在分词充当伴随状语) 【高分句型2】When that woman said that I had brought her a moment of joy, I had good reasons to believe that I had been placed on earth for the single purpose of providing her with that last ride. (使用了when引导的时间状语从句、that引导的宾语从句以及动名词充当宾语) 听力 1—5 AACCB 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ABBCC 16—20 ABCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$