定语从句（1）关系词用法 课件-2025届高三上学期英语一轮复习专项

定语从句 1 什么是定语？ 第1章 2 什么是定语？ 定语：简单来说就是一个形容词，它的作用就相当于形容词的作用，用来修饰名词或者代词。 例如：delicious carrots 3 什么是定语从句？ 第2章 4 什么是定语从句？ 充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。 例句：Those are oranges that I bought for kids. Tips:定语为单词时是前置的，定语为句子是后置的。 5 定语从句构成？ 第3章 6 定语从句构成： 定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词。 定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时在从句中充当某种成分。 例句：Do you know the girl who is standing on the stage? 先行词 关系词 7 关系代词 第4章 8 关系代词：that的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：She is the girl that helped us yesterday. The picture that we are studying is drawn by a girl. that ：指人或物,在从句中作主语、宾语或者表语。做宾语或表语时可以省略。 Tips: 中文翻译，先翻译定语从句再翻译先行词 9 关系代词：which的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：I know the pig which is called Bajie. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. which: 指物,在从句中作主语、宾语。在限制性定语从句中作宾语时 which 可以省略。hich指物,在从句中作主语、宾语。在限制性定语从句中作宾语时 which 可以省略。 10 关系代词：who和whom的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. The boys who are playing football are from Class One. who和whom：两者指人，who在定语从句中作主语和宾语，whom在定语从句中作宾语。 11 关系代词：whose的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：Please pass me the book whose cover is green. The girl whose hair is curly is Amy. Whose: 用于替代所有格，“......的，在从句中作定语” 12 总结关系代词的用法： 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分   关系 代词 that which who whom whose 关系 副词 when where why 关系词 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分   关系 代词 that 人/物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物/事 主语、宾语 who 人 主语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人/物 定语 关系 副词 when 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词（the reason） 原因状语 13 知识拓展 用 which 不用that的情况 ①关系代词前有介词时。 Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big: challenge.创造一种能让员工感觉到自己是团队一分子的氛围是一件有挑战性的事。 ②在非限制性定语从句中。    Have you ever read the book Dream of the Red Chamber, which was written by Cao Xueqin?你读过曹雪芹写的《红楼梦》吗? In 1998 he was chosen as a member of Project 921，which is now called Shenzhou.1998年他被选为“921 工程”的一员,现在又叫“神舟工程” 14 知识拓展 只能用that的情况: (1) 当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, everybody, nobody, much, little, any等不定代词，或被no, little, all等修饰时。        This is all that I know. 这就是我所知道的全部内容了。 There is nothing in the world that can frighten him.  世界上没有什么东西能够吓到他。 (2) 当先行词有the only, the very, the same修饰时。        Mary is the only girl that can speak Chinese. 玛丽是唯一一个能说中文的女孩。     You are the very boy that I want. 你正是我想要的那个男孩。 (3) 当先行词前被最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.  这是我读过最有趣的书。 This is the last chance that you have. 这是你拥有的最后一个机会。 (4) 当先行词既含有表示人的名词，又含有表示物的名词时。 They talked about the men and the things that they saw in the country. 他们谈到了在那个国家见到的人和事。 (5) 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 Who was the girl that came here last night? 昨晚来这的那个女孩是谁？ Which is the pen that you lost? 你丢的是哪只笔？ 15 小试牛刀1 1.The girl is happy. She won the race.(who) _________________________________________________________________ 2.The picture was beautiful. She was looking at it. ( that/which) _________________________________________________________________ 3.The man is standing over there. I told you about him. (whom) _________________________________________________________________ 4.I've received the book. My father sent it to me. ( that/which) _________________________________________________________________  The girl who won the race is happy. The picture that/ which she was looking at was beautiful. The man about whom I told you is standing over there. I've received the book that/which my father sent to me. 将下列句子合并为带有一个定语从句的复合句： 16 小试牛刀2 1. Is this the man_________ you talked about yesterday? 2. Show me the book_________ you spoke of the other day. 3. Is this the museum _________arouses many people's interest? 4. Take the book ________ is lying on the table. 5. The man ________ you met just now is my mother. 6. We don’t know the number of people ________ lost their homes in the disaster. 7. The house ________ windows face to the north belongs to me. 8. Tom is the boy ________ mother is our maths teacher. 9. He is the most boring speaker ________ I have ever heard. 10.That was the only thing ________ his parents left. 答案：1. whom/that; 2. which/that; 3.which/that; 4.which/that; 5. whom; 6. who; 7. whose; 8. whose; 9. that; 10.that. 用正确的关系代词填空： 17 关系副词 介词+关系代词 第4章 18 关系代词：when的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：April Fool’s Day is the day when people make fun of others. I know the day when the baby was born. when:主要用于修饰时间的名词，其先行词通常为time、day、year、week等。常可用on which、in which、at which、during which等代替。 19 关系代词：where的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：He misses the place where he used to live. This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. where：其先行词通常是表地点的名词，如place/house/village等，常可用in which、on which、at which等 20 知识拓展 当先行词为situation，case, stage, point等，且关系词在定 语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引导。 例句：They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。 21 关系代词：why的用法 翻译句子，并找出定语从句，分析关系词的作用 例句：That’s the reason why he was late. Is this the reason why she refused our offer of help. why：一般可以跟在reason之后，可用for which 来代替 22 介词+关系代词引导定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用 which或whom。先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时，用 whom。在这个结构中，介词的使用原则是： (1) 根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯                   on which I spent 10 yuan.    This is the book                           for which I paid 10 yuan. (2) 根据先行词的搭配习惯 I still remember the day on which I first came to this school. 。 (3) 表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，用of The old woman has two sons, both of whom are doctors. 23 小试牛刀 1. I still remember the day ________ I first came to Beijing.   2.  I’ll never forget the day ________ I joined the army.   3. That is the reason  ________I did the job. 4. The reason ________he did not go to school is that he was ill. 5. The reason ________ he succeeded in the exam is that he studied very hard. 6. Yesterday I paid a visit to the house ________ Lu Xun once lived. 答案：1. when; 2.when; 3, why; 4. why; 5. why; 6.where 用正确的关系副词填空： 24 能力提升 答案：1. that/whic; 2.when; 3. that/which; 4. that/which; 5. where 1. The park_______ attracts the most visitors will be closed. 2. I’ll never forget the days ________ we studied together. 3. I will never forget the days _______ we spent together. 4. The reason _______he told me just now is reasonable. 5. You have reach a point ________ a change is needed. 用正确的关系词填空： 25 能力提升 同义句转换，用“介词+which”替换。 1. He has two English-Chinese dictionaries. He bought both of them last week. He has two English-Chinese dictionaries, both ________ ________ were bought last week. 2. The reason why the boy was often late for school is still unknown. The reason ________ ________ the boy was often late for school is still unknown. 3. I still remember the day. I first came to this school on that day. I still remember the day ________ ________ I first came to this school. 答案：1. of which; 2. for which; 3, on which 26 感谢您的聆听 27 歴史を紡ぐ者 まももP 春へと続く丘 オリジナル・サウンドトラック, track 20, disc 1 99920.305 XXX - 163 key(Don't modify):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 $$