Unit 3 Lesson 2 A Musical Boost(课件)-2023-2024学年剑桥少儿英语二级下册

A MUSICAL BOOST Reading Explorer1 U3-B CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 Before You Read Reading Comprehension Reading Skill Vocabulary Practice For most activities, we use several functions, or abilities, controlled by different parts of our brain. A. Discuss the following questions with a partner. 1. Look at the brain diagram and the caption above. Which function(s) do you use when you sing? Play an instrument? Listen to music? emotion, hearing, memory, speech; Which function(s) do you use when you sing? Which function(s) do you use when you play an instrument? emotion, movement, touch, sight, balance, hearing, memory; Which function(s) do you use when you listen to music? emotion, hearing. emotion, hearing, memory, speech; Which function(s) do you use when you sing? Which function(s) do you use when you play an instrument? emotion, movement, touch, sight, balance, hearing, memory; Which function(s) do you use when you listen to music? emotion, hearing. 此部分为选择性讲解,如果老师不对brain做拓展,可删除此页. 2. In what ways do you think music and language are similar? BEFORE YOU READ I think music and language are similar in that they both involve hearing, emotion, and communicating with other people. BEFORE YOU READ 2. In what ways do you think music and language are similar? BEFORE YOU READ I think music and language are similar in that they both involve hearing, emotion, and communicating with other people. B. Look at the reading title. What do you think boost means? a. a change for the better b. a problem c. a system Check your answer as you read the passage. CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 Before You Read Reading Comprehension Reading Skill Vocabulary Practice A Is there a connection between music and language? According to recent studies, the answer is yes: Music boosts certain language abilities in the brain. Here are two examples. connection /kəˈnekʃn/ n. a relationship between two things 关系，联系； certain /ˈsɜːt(ə)n/ adj. particular 某种，特定的；某位，一定程度上的， v. connect 连接，连结；联合 adj. connective 连合的，连接的 a relationship between two things Reading Explorer 1 -- Unit 3: THE POWER OF MUSIC connection /kəˈnekʃn/ v. connect 12 B A study from Northwestern University shows that playing a musical instrument can improve a person’s hearing ability. As a part of the study, two groups of people listened to a person talking in a noisy room. Northwestern University 西北大学 (美国伊利诺伊州私立高校) improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. to become better than before; to make sth/sb better than before 改善，变得更好 Music and Hearing 词根：improve adj. improved改良的；改进过的 improving有启发的；有教育意义的 improvable可改良的；可改善的； n. improvement改进，改善 improver改进者；改善者；改良物 B The people in the first group were musicians, while those in the second group had no musical training. The musicians were able to hear the talking person more clearly. while /waɪl/ conj. 当……的时候；而，然而（表示对比）；尽管，虽然；直到……为止 n. 一段时间；同时；<文>在此期间 v. 消磨时间 prep. （北英格兰）直到 adv. 在……的时候 Music and Hearing while做连词的用法 1. 意为“当……时候，和……同时”，引导时间状语从句。例如： While I was watching TV, the bell rang. （我看电视时，铃响了。） 2. 意为“虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。例如： While it was late, he went on working. （虽然很晚了，但他还在继续工作。） 3.引导条件状语从句 相当于as long as，译作“只要”。例如： While there is life, there is hope. （有生命，就有希望。） 4.引导原因状语从句， 相当于since， 有“既然”的意思。例如： I'd like to get it settled today while we're at it. （既然我们着手干了，我想今天就把它干完。 ） 5. 连接两个并列句子，表示“对比”关系。例如： He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. （他出去散步了，而我却呆在家里。） -I’m going to the post office. -________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If while做连词的用法 C Musicians hear better, says study leader Nina Kraus, because they learn to pay attention to certain sounds. Think about violinists in an orchestra. When the violinists play with the group, they hear their own instrument and many others, too. orchestra /ˈɔːkɪstrə/ n. a large group of people who play various musical instruments together, led by a conductor （大型的）管弦乐队； Music and Hearing 19th-century post horn Castanets 18th-century French flageolet instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ n. 器械；乐器；仪器； Tambourine 18th-century French flageolet North American Indian rattle drum Wooden maracas 18th-century English kit Panpipes from the Solomon Islands 18th-century English kit 19th-century Finnish kantele Indian transverse flute Moroccan lute with feather plectrum Four-keyed English flute, c. 1811 Portuguese dog whistle Ivory side-blown flute from the Congo 19th-century Chinese sihu (spike fiddle) and bow 17th-century German kit Pellet drum 19th-century German ocarina (vessel flute) a tool or device used for a particular task, especially for delicate or scientific work C But the violinists must listen closely to what they are playing, and ignore the other sounds. In this way, musicians are able to concentrate on certain sounds, even in a room with lots of noise. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ v. to pay no attention to sth 不理睬；忽视，对……不予理会； concentrate /ˈkɒns(ə)ntreɪt/ v.to give all your attention to sth and not think about anything else 集中注意力，聚精会神；使集中，聚集；浓缩 词根：ignore adj. ignored被忽视的；被忽略的 adv. ignorantly无知地；不学无术地 n. ignorance无知，愚昧；不知，不懂 Music and Hearing concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于 n. concentration 集中；浓缩；专心；集合 all the way 一路上；自始至终 by the way 顺便说说，顺便问一下；在途中 in a way 在某种程度上；有点儿； in the way 妨碍；挡道 in this way 这样；用这种方法 on the way 在……途中 no way 决不；一点也不 D Gottfried Schlaug, a doctor at Harvard Medical School, works with stroke1 patients. Because of their illness, these people cannot say their names, addresses, or other information normally. However, they can still sing. Harvard Medical School 哈佛医学院 (哈佛大学的下属医学院) 1 A stroke is an illness of the brain. It can make a person unable to move one side of their body. Music and Speech normally /ˈnɔːməli/ adv. usually; in normal circumstances 通常，平常 adv. 正常地；通常地，一般地 commonly currently generally D Dr. Schlaug was surprised to find that singing words helped his patients to eventually speak. Why does this work? Schlaug isn’t sure. Music seems to activate2 different parts of the brain, including the damaged parts. This somehow helps patients use those parts of the brain again. damaged /ˈdæmɪdʒd/ adj. 被损坏的 somehow /ˈsʌmhaʊ/ adv. in a way that is not known or certain 以某种方式 2 If you activate something, you make it start working. Music and Speech E Music improves concentration, memory, listening skills, and our overall language abilities. It can even help sick people get better. Playing an instrument or singing, says Nina Kraus, can help us do better in school and keep our brains sharp as we get older. Music, therefore, is not only enjoyable; it’s also good for us in many other ways. Understanding the Results skill /skɪl/ n. a particular ability or type of ability 技术，技能 overall /ˌəʊvərˈɔːl/ adj. including all the things or people that are involved in a particular situation; general 全面的；综合的；总体的 sharp /ʃɑːp/ adj. quick to notice or understand things or to react 敏锐的；灵敏的；敏捷的 READING COMPREHENSION A. Choose the best answer for each question. Studies have suggested that playing classical music to babies may make them smarter. 1. What could be another title for the “Music and Hearing”section? a. Trained to Listen b. How to Be a Musician c. Playing in an Orchestra READING COMPREHENSION A. Choose the best answer for each question. 2. What two groups did Nina Kraus study? a. noisy people and quiet people b. musicians and nonmusicians c. violinists and other musicians 3. What does they refer to in paragraph C, line 3? a. orchestra musicians b. instruments c. violinists READING COMPREHENSION A. Choose the best answer for each question. 4. What is true about Nina Kraus and Gottfried Schlaug? a. They both work at Harvard Medical School. b. They both play an instrument in an orchestra. c. They are both interested in how music and the brain are connected. 5. How does Gottfried Schlaug help stroke patients speak? a. by playing music for them b. by getting them to sing words c. by teaching them to play instruments READING COMPREHENSION B. Are the following statements true or false according to the reading passage, or is the information not given? Circle T (true), F (false), or NG (not given). CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 Before You Read Reading Comprehension Reading Skill Vocabulary Practice READING SKILL READING SKILL A. Read the passage below. Circle the words or phrases that signal reasons. How has Western music reached almost every corner of the world? Researchers believe Western music is popular because of its ability to express emotions across cultures. READING SKILL A. Read the passage below. Circle the words or phrases that signal reasons. Researcher Tom Fritz played parts of 42 Western songs to members of the Mafa, an ethnic group in Cameroon. Since he wanted to include a variety of Western music types, Fritz played classical, rock, pop, and jazz. He asked the group members to point to pictures of people’s faces to show the emotion the music expressed. READING SKILL A. Read the passage below. Circle the words or phrases that signal reasons. The Mafa were able to identify the emotions correctly. This was probably due to the fact that the rhythms and melodies of Western music are similar to those of basic human speech. So some part of the way we understand Western music is shared by everyone, regardless of our own cultures. READING SKILL B. Answer these questions with the supporting reasons from the passage. 1. Why do researchers believe Western music is popular? 2. Why did Tom Fritz play classical, rock, pop, and jazz music? 3. Why were the Mafa able to identify the emotions correctly? Because of its ability to express emotions across cultures; Since he wanted to include a variety of Western music types Probably due to the fact that the rhythms and melodies of Western music are similar to those of basic human speech CRITICAL THINKING Relating to Personal Experience Does listening to music help you study or concentrate? If so, what kinds of music help you? What other factors might help you concentrate better? Note your answers and share them with a partner. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Listening to music helps me study some subjects such as science. Classical music helps me because it doesn’t have any words. If I am reading something difficult, I find music with lyrics too distracting. CONTENTS 1 2 3 4 Before You Read Reading Comprehension Reading Skill Vocabulary Practice musical sharp boost improve certain speech overall connection skill stroke concentrate ignore skill damage nation VOCABULARY PRACTICE normally activate A. Complete each sentence with the correct answer (a or b). 1. If you ignore something, you________it. a. don’t pay attention to b. focus on 2. A certain sound refers to________type of sound. a. only one b. any 3. If you concentrate, you ________. a. think very hard b. don’t think at all 4. Two examples of skills are________ . a. food and drink b. cooking and sewing 5. A person’s overall abilities means their abilities ________. a. related to a single skill b. as a whole VOCABULARY PRACTICE B. Complete the paragraph with words from the box. In his book Musicophilia, brain scientist Dr. Oliver Sacks looked at the 1_________between music and the brain. He wrote about how music 2________the lives of musicians, hospital patients, and ordinary people. Dr. Sacks also shared the experiences of different people. VOCABULARY PRACTICE Dr. Oliver Sacks (1933–2015) connection improved B. Complete the paragraph with words from the box. He gave an example of a man whose brain was 3________by a lightning strike, which-strangely-left him wishing to become a musician at age 42. Another interesting example was of a man whose memory 4________ lasted only seven seconds, except when he listened to music. When this happened, his mind became very 5_______, with a near-perfect memory. VOCABULARY PRACTICE Dr. Oliver Sacks (1933–2015) damaged normally sharp Dr. Oliver Sacks 奥利佛·萨克斯 英国科学家、作家 英国伦敦著名脑神经学家。 Tales of Music and the Brain C. We can add -ion to some verbs to form nouns (e.g., connect + -ion = connection). Complete the sentences below using the verbs in the box. One verb is extra. 1. Scientists still have a lot to learn about the _________ion between language and music. 2. The new Taylor Swift song has received mixed_______ions. 3. The issue of music education in schools is a major topic of _________ion these days. VOCABULARY PRACTICE react connect discuss Thanks for Watching Lavf58.20.100 null, track 1 2019 147572.3 $$