08. 阅读理解七选五专题（2）2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 （全文翻译+解析）

08. 【全文翻译+解析】——阅读理解七选五（2） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考甲卷七选五） 2. （2023年新高考甲卷七选五） 3. （2023年新高考乙卷七选五） 4. （2022年新高考甲卷七选五） 5. （2022年新高考乙卷七选五） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 小标题 段首题 段中题 段尾题 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 1 4 体裁：以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。 题型：选材具有很强的时效性，多是社会生活和文化科技等方面具有生活气息的短文。 词数：在300词左右。 文章结构：严谨，层次分明，侧重考查考生的逻辑思维能力。 设题位置：以段中为主，段首和段尾为辅。七个选项都与文章内容相关。两个选项为干扰项。干扰项中会出现文章中的相关词汇。 新高考II卷 1 4 全国甲卷 1 3 1 2023 新高考I卷 4 1 新高考II卷 1 3 1 全国甲卷 1 3 1 全国乙卷 3 2 2022 新高考I卷 4 1 新高考II卷 1 4 全国甲卷 1 3 1 全国乙卷 1 2 1 1 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年全国甲卷） What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____36____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____37____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____38____ Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____39____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____40____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 36 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A. Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 【译文】 什么是适度（适度）？基本上，这意味着只吃你身体需要的食物。你应该在一顿饭结束时感到满意，但不要太饱。____16____，但这并不意味着和你喜欢的食物说再见。 慢慢来。重要的是要放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是在会议间隙吃的东西。____17____实际上，你的大脑需要几分钟才能告诉你的身体已经有足够的食物，所以慢慢吃，在你感到饱之前停止吃。 尽可能地和别人一起吃。独自吃饭，特别是在电视或电脑前，经常会导致盲目的暴饮暴食。也要小心你手边的食物。如果你准备了不健康的零食，比如饼干，适量吃就更有挑战性。____18____ 控制情绪化（情绪的）饮食。____19____我们很多人也会用食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊。但是通过学习更健康的方法来管理情绪，你可以重新控制你所吃的食物和你的感觉。 ____20____健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢（新陈代谢），而吃小而健康的食物可以让你一整天精力。避免在深夜吃饭。试着早点吃晚餐，禁食14-16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。研究表明，只有在你最活跃的时候进食，每天让消化系统长期休息，才有助于调节体重。 A. 全天应合理饮食。 B.我们不总是为了满足饥饿。 C.不要在上班的路上吞下饭。 D.我们大多数人都需要把我们吃的量增加一倍。 E.相反，让自己周围有健康的选择。 F.对我们很多人来说，适度意味着比现在吃得少。 G.这不会导致作弊或放弃你的新饮食计划。 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。选自 biofemgroup.com 站 网站 2019 年 年 10 月 月 10 日名为MODERATION: IMPORTANT TO ANY HEALTHY DIET的文章。https://biofemgroup.com/moderation-important-to-any-healthy-diet 【答案】36. F 37. C 38. E 39. B 40. A 【解析】 36题：上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs, You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。 37题：根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。 38题：上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。 39题：根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。 40题：设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 36 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 36个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。 2. （2023年全国甲卷） Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___36___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___37___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___38___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___39___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 【译文】 成为一个病人的技巧 这里有一个谜题：交通堵塞、长队排队和等待假期开始都有什么共同之处？有一个答案。___16___. 在数字时代，我们已经习惯了用我们的指尖拥有我们需要的东西。然而，研究表明，如果我们保持耐心，我们会过得更好。这里有几个技巧。 ●练习感恩（感激） 感恩有很多好处：研究表明，它会让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观。___17___.加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表现出感激可以培养自我控制。” ●让自己等待 即时满足（满足）在当时似乎是最“感觉良好”的选择，但心理学研究表明，从长远来看，等待事物实际上会让我们更快乐。而我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习。___18___.把看你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末，或者多等10分钟再去看蛋糕。你很快就会发现，你练习得越耐心，你就越开始把它应用于其他更烦人的情况。 ● ___19___. 我们中的很多人都相信，成为舒适者是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历了我们的舒适区之外的一些事情时，我们会对环境感到不耐烦。你应该学会对自己说，“___20___。”然后你就会逐渐变得更有耐心。 A.找到你的原因 B.从小任务开始 C.接受不舒服 D.所有这些一切都很匆忙 E.它也可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心 F.这只是令人不舒服的，而不是无法忍受的 G.这些都是我们可以多花一点耐心的情况 【说明】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。 【答案】36. G 37. E 38. B 39. C 40. F 【解析】 36题：根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There’s one answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。 37题：根据上文“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。 38题：根据上文“And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. (我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. (把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境，故选B。 39题：根据本段内容“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. (我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。 40题：根据上文“You should learn to say to yourself (你应该学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You’ll then gradually become more patient. (然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。 3. （2023年全国乙卷） Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____36____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____37____. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____38____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____39____. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____40____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 【译文】 室内植物可能看起来就像是坐在那里，没有做什么，但在很多方面，它们都是家里的无名英雄。____16____，但研究表明，他们可以通过改善人们的情绪（心情）、减轻压力和帮助他们的记忆来促进人们的健康。更重要的是，室内植物很容易照料，而且不是很贵。 什么是室内植物？ 室内植物，也被称为室内植物或盆栽植物，是喜欢在室内生长的植物。许多这些物种（物种）并不适合在英国以外的地方生长，特别是在冬天。____17____. 为什么室内植物对你有益？ 在英国皇家植物园工作的威尔·斯波尔斯特拉说：“____18____。我发现在冬天，房子周围的植物真的能改善你的心情。”一些研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过清除二氧化碳等有害气体来清洁周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质。____19____. 你能种哪些植物？ 芦荟、和平百合和蜘蛛植物是一些很容易在室内生长的植物。你可以从超市、花园中心或网上购买植物。较年轻的植物通常比完全成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时要照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一。“____20____，”斯波尔斯特拉说。“它可以给人们的生活带来新的兴趣和关注，并帮助建立家庭和自然之间的联系。” A.所有植物都是不同的 B.它们不仅看起来很漂亮 C.在室内种植植物有很多好处 D.相反，它们在里面生长得更好，在那里它更温暖 E.像和平的百合花和魔鬼的舌头这样的植物是最好的 F.不时地换一下你的花盆也会有帮助 G.了解每一种植物的需求可能是非常有益的 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. E 40. G 【解析】 36题：根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。 37题：根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天)”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可知，D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 38题：根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.(我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪)”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选C。 39题：根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质)”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best(像和平百合和魔芋之类的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。 20题：根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of owning plants.(年轻的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成熟时照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一)”可知，不同的植物需求是不同的。由此可知，G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接上文，同时引起下文，下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。 4. （2022年全国甲卷） Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___36___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___37___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___38___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___39___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 【译文】 外出就餐时要知道的重要事情 文化用餐礼仪（礼节）可能会用一些重要的规则让你感到惊讶。___16___.了解一些建议将有助于确保你与朋友或家人有一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪里。 斩波棒规则 你使用筷子的方式很重要，以避免惹恼你的同伴。当你在咬人之间把它们放下的时候，总是把它们放在一起，这样它们就与你面前的桌子的边缘平行。___17___ . 手或器具（餐具） 在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常粗鲁的。法国人希望你每只手都拿着一个餐具吃饭。___18___，而不是更喜欢使用他们的手。在智利，你可能永远不会用手指触摸任何食物。泰国人通常只用叉子把食物推到勺子上。 进行请求 ___19___ .在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这表明厨师你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样地，在意大利，永远不要要求在你的食物中添加额外的奶酪。 其中一些文化上的用餐礼仪规则可能看起来随意而奇怪，但它们在不同的国家都很重要。___20___，你就会开始越适应它的外国文化实践。 A.你一生中结交的朋友就越多 B.你在任何一个国家花的时间都越多 C.墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭不合适 D.不要被发现在餐馆里犯了一个令人尴尬的错误 E.如果你把盘子弄得一团糟，这对厨师来说是个好兆头 F.不要把它们直立放在你的食物中，或者在使用时交叉 G.在一顿饭中要盐和胡椒粉似乎是一个简单的请求 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些外出就餐时要知道的一些重要事情。 【答案】36. D 37. F 38. C 39. G 40. B 【解析】 36题：根据文章标题“Important Things to Know When Dining Out (外出就餐时要知道的重要事情)”可知，本文主要介绍的是外出就餐时应该知道的重要事情。由此可知，D项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant (不要在餐馆犯尴尬的错误)”符合语境，其中“at a restaurant”对应标题中的“When Dining Out”，同时引起下文“Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (知道一些技巧将有助于确保你和朋友或家人一起享受一顿愉快的晚餐——无论你在世界的哪个地方)”。故选D。 37题：根据本段小标题“Chopstick Rules”可知，本段主要讲述的是使用筷子的规则。根据上文“When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. (当你在吃的间隙把它们放下来的时候，一定要把它们放在一起，这样它们就和你面前的桌子边缘平行了)”可知，此处讲述了正确使用筷子的方式。由此可知，F项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them (不要把它们笔直地插在你的食物中，也不要在使用它们时交叉放置)”讲述的也是使用筷子时的注意事项，符合此处语境，其中“them”指的是上文的“chopsticks”。故选F。 38题：根据本段小标题“Hands or Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring to use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。故选C。 39题：根据本段小标题“Making Requests”可知，本段主要讲述的是用餐时提请求的问题。根据下文“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. (在葡萄牙，这将是一个严重的错误，因为这向厨师表明你不喜欢他们的调味技巧。同样，在意大利，永远不要要求在食物中添加额外的奶酪)”可推知，在一些国家，用餐时提出要求是很无礼的。由此可知，G项“It may seem like simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal (吃饭时要盐和胡椒看似很简单)”符合此处语境，其中“request”是关键词，说明，在用餐时提出一些我们看来很平常的要求在某些国家是无礼的。故选G。 40题：根据下文“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. (你就会对它的外国文化习俗感到越舒服)”可推知，此处指在一个国家待得越久，就会越习惯当地习俗，且此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，B项“The more time you spend in any given country (你在某个国家待的时间越长)”符合文意，引出下文。故选B。 5. （2022年全国乙卷） Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___36___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___37___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___38___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___39___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【译文】 友谊需要关心和关注来保持健康。以下是维持（保持）长途友谊的五种方法。 ·设定一个定期日期 持久的友谊具有双方平等接触（联系）的特点。在繁忙的日程中，挤打电话可能是一个挑战。___16___. ·更多并不总是更快乐 确保你已经和你的朋友沟通过你们每个人想要被联系的频率，以及什么方法最适合你们俩。___17___.除了持续的书面交流，还有其他选择，比如留下语音信息或进行群聊。 ·实践同理心（共情） ___18___.剩下的朋友需要对搬家的朋友需要的额外时间保持敏感。在新环境中的人应该同情你的朋友可能会感到被遗弃的事实。 · ___19___ 周年纪念和生日在长途友谊中更有分量。虽然技术可能会使日常交流成为可能，但在特殊的日子里，额外的努力非常很长。简单地记录朋友的生日和其他重要的日期，可以确保你不会忘记什么。 ·不要仅仅依赖于技术 ___20___，但长途友谊——即使是亲密的友谊——可能需要更有意识的努力来维持。试着寻找恢复友谊的机会。怎么做？尽可能面对面地在一起。 A.记住重要的日期 B.写信补偿 C.成为一个友谊的守护者对你也很有帮助 D.试着找到一个适合你们俩的时间，并坚持下去 E.朋友们需要谈论他们最喜欢的交流方式 F.通过社交媒体，人们很容易就能有一种联系感 G.你可能是离开的朋友，也可能是被留下的朋友 【说明】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了五种维系异地友谊的方法。 【答案】36 D 37. B 38. G 39. A 40. F 【解析】 36题：上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去” 给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D项。 37题：上文“Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both.”（确保你已经与你的朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此希望联系的次数，以及哪种沟通方式最适合你们两人。）提到异地朋友之间要商量沟通方式，B项“可以通过写信补偿”提出了其中一种沟通方式：写信，下文“There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.”（除了不断的文字交流，还有其他方式，比如发语音或者组建群聊。）补充了发语音等其他沟通方式，其中“constant written communication”呼应了B项的“writing letters”。故选B项。 38题：下文“The friend who is remaining”（留下来的朋友）和“The one in the new environment”（在新环境中的那个）提到朋友的两个不同处境，G项“你可能是朋友中离开的那一方，也可能是被留下的那一方”指出了异地友谊中分为离开的一方和留下的一方，其中“the friend who left”和“the one who was left behind”分别对应下文“The one in the new environment”和“The friend who is remaining”，所以G项符合题意。故选G项。 39题：分析文章结构可知，设空处的内容是维系异地友谊的第四个方法，是第五段的小标题。下文“Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships.”（周年纪念日和生日对于异地友谊而言是非常重要的。）讲的是诸如周年纪念日和生日等重要的日子对于维系异地友谊是非常重要的，由此推知，这段对应的维系异地友谊的方法是A项“记得重要的日子”，所以A项符合题意。故选A项。 40题：设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。故选F项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 08. 【全文翻译+解析】——阅读理解七选五（2） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考甲卷七选五） 2. （2023年新高考甲卷七选五） 3. （2023年新高考乙卷七选五） 4. （2022年新高考甲卷七选五） 5. （2022年新高考乙卷七选五） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 小标题 段首题 段中题 段尾题 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 1 4 体裁：以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。 题型：选材具有很强的时效性，多是社会生活和文化科技等方面具有生活气息的短文。 词数：在300词左右。 文章结构：严谨，层次分明，侧重考查考生的逻辑思维能力。 设题位置：以段中为主，段首和段尾为辅。七个选项都与文章内容相关。两个选项为干扰项。干扰项中会出现文章中的相关词汇。 新高考II卷 1 4 全国甲卷 1 3 1 2023 新高考I卷 4 1 新高考II卷 1 3 1 全国甲卷 1 3 1 全国乙卷 3 2 2022 新高考I卷 4 1 新高考II卷 1 4 全国甲卷 1 3 1 全国乙卷 1 2 1 1 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年全国甲卷） What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. ____16____ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, “specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. ____18____ Control emotional (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. ____20____ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 2. 3. （2023年全国甲卷） Tricks To Becoming A Patient Person Here’s a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There is one answer. ___16___. In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ●Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. ___17___. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. ● Make yourself wait Instant gratification (满足) may seem like the most “feel good” option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice. ___18___. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake. You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. ● ___19___. So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “___20___.” You’ll then gradually become more patient. A. Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They’re all situations where we could use a little extra patience 4. （2023年全国乙卷） Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ____16____, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. ____17____. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “____18____. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. ____19____. Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature — which is part of the joy of owning plants. “____20____,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 5. （2022年全国甲卷） Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette (礼节) might surprise you with some of its important rules. ___16___. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. ___17___ . Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. ___18___, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests ___19___ . In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. ___20___ , the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 6. （2022年全国乙卷） Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain (保持) long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact (联系) and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. ___16___. ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. ___17___. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy (共情) ___18___. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. · ___19___ Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone ___20___, but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$