综合训练(3)-2024年高二英语暑假作业（江苏专版）

综合训练(三) (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A PYOP: Pick Your Own Produce at These Local Farms Hollin Farms Delaplane, VA Hollin Farms' strawberry picking season will begin in late May, and last several weeks.Hours are 9：00 a．m.—4：00 p．m. from Wednesday to Sunday.If you come in summer, peaches, blackberries, red raspberries and sour cherries are available.Apples are ready in late summer, and fall brings green vegetables, potatoes, and dig­your­own peanuts.And a special P．S.(备注) to meat lovers: they pride themselves on their grass­fed beef. Great Country Farms Bluemont, VA Great Country Farms is well­known for its seasonal festivals and fun farm­themed attractions.Their U­pick strawberry fields will open in May.The weekends of May 20—21 and May 27—28 are the yearly Strawberry Jubilee with live music, pie­eating competitions, tasty food, and more.Admission is $10/child and $12/adult, and it's open daily during 9：00 a．m.—6：00 p．m. Waters Orchard (果园) Gaithersburg, MD This is a great place for apple picking.Just come in late summer and fall.After parking, it's a 5—10 minutes' walk to the orchard.Hours are 12：00—5：00 p．m. on Fridays, and 9：00 a．m.—5：00 p．m. on weekends.Pick­your­own (PYO) pricing is by the peck (配克) —$15/half peck, $22/peck, and an entry fee for two is included.It's $5/guest after that. Homestead Farm Poolesville, MD Homestead Farm's PYO season begins a little later than other area farms.The first crop will be tart cherries in June, and other berries will be ripe soon after.Peaches and apples come later.There are also animals to visit (goats, pigs, and chickens), and watching goats climb along the goat walk is always a trip for kids.The farm operates seven days a week, and PYO hours are 9：00 a．m.—5：00 p．m. 1．When is suitable to visit Hollin Farms? A．9：00 a．m. on Monday. B．10：00 a．m. on Thursday. C．4：30 p．m. on Saturday. D．5：00 p．m. on Sunday. 2．What can visitors do at Great Country Farms on May 27? A．Participate in a pie­eating competition. B．Pick strawberries and apples. C．Enjoy grass­fed beef for free. D．Play with goats and chickens. 3．How much should a family of three pay if they buy two­peck apples? A．$35.　　　　　B．$37. C．$44. D．$49. B I was 17 when I discovered shooting stars. I loved them so much that I invited my high school friends to my family farm and spent an August night in our sleeping bags on the hillside to watch them together. I can't help but think of that as the final night of my childhood.I always managed to squeeze in a week or two of vacation before starting back at school, and I'd see shooting stars and remember that brilliant night on the hill.While still marveling at them, I'd work at convincing myself that the joy I'd experience from my accomplishments in college would soon replace my longing for some quiet time beneath a vast sky.But always, I returned to college life in August with deep sadness in my heart. I've given lots of reasons over the past 13 years for my choice to live an independent life on a distant farm and home school my daughters.But deep down, I think the shooting stars had a lot to do with it.I couldn't bear to gaze up at them and think that they were a finale to be witnessed before returning to the demands of school and careers. So I said “no” to all of it: no jobs, no school.And I decided to lead a life tied to the seasons, where shooting stars were just one of many gifts from nature. I changed my life to make room for them and I'm starting to learn the difference between fulfillment and accomplishment. Accomplishment is a child's successful test scores.Fulfillment is loving and forgiving each other through times table (乘法表) and written words. Accomplishment is the publication of 20 essays per year and six books, Fulfillment is the hours spent researching, then walking through the woods to think about each word and thought. Accomplishment is making enough income to cover my taxes.Fulfillment is sitting outside at 3 am in August, watching the shooting stars, no longer sad at the passage of childhood, but thrilled for the joy of the stars. It is learned that accomplishment is merely a mark in the book made as a result of following fulfillment above all else. 4．What does the author believe indicates the end of her childhood? A．Departing for college. B．Witnessing falling stars at home. C．Resting in a sleeping bag on a farm. D．Observing shooting stars with friends. 5．What led to the author homeschooling her daughters? A．The aspiration for independence. B．The necessity of residing on a farm. C．The wish for a lifestyle connected with nature. D．The requirements of education and professions. 6．Which of the following could the author view as fulfillment? A．Earning a gold medal in a sports tournament. B．Investing meaningful time with family members. C．Acquiring a spacious, charming, and cozy residence. D．Attaining a prominent position in a famous company. 7．What kind of person is the author? A．Independent and unconventional. B．Determined and open­minded. C．Responsible and insightful. D．Diligent and dedicated. C Curiosity—the desire to know, to discover, to learn.Inspired by curiosity, humans are found everywhere on our planet, and beyond it in space.Yet according to human behaviourist and author of Curious, Ian Leslie, although we are all born curious, not all of us bring this into adulthood, and we can lose out as a result. As Leslie explains, curiosity shapes us from the start.By trying new things, we build knowledge, and want to know more.“We are born aware that we don't know stuff—we want to experience and discover.” However, the contrast between childhood and adulthood is clear.“We ask 40，000 questions a year between the ages of two and five，” says Leslie—around 110 each day; adults, in comparison, ask just 20. As we get older, we may feel hesitant about asking questions, believing this reveals gaps in our knowledge.We can become scared to share unconventional ideas for fear of criticism or misunderstanding.We can also be a victim of our success, as Leslie explains.“Once you've worked out how to do your job, then you don't feel curious anymore.The need to learn goes away—in a way, curiosity has done its job.But that doesn't mean you shouldn't cultivate it.” Leslie's tips for cultivating curiosity begin with spending time with the experts—children.“Talk to your kids, and try to answer those weird, difficult questions they have—like ‘What is air？’ This makes you think about things you've taken for granted—it reawakens your curiosity in what's around us and how we perceive the world.” So does finding what Leslie calls an “informal mentor”， through work or other circles, who is happy to share their expertise, from a skill, technology, to a field of learning.“Try to think of people the way children think of adults—as sources of secret knowledge, a great store of learning you can tap into，” says Leslie. Leslie also suggests creating a “spark file”—a digital or physical notebook in which you collect interesting thoughts.“Fill it with facts you've come across, sentences you like, insights that strike you.Let it be random.And let it build.Over time you'll build up a rich source of inspiration, and you'll think, ‘Oh that's interesting, that relates to this...’ And suddenly your mind starts firing away with new ideas and ways of thinking.” 8．According to Leslie, what happens as we get older? A．We gradually lose our natural curiosity. B．We are less aware of our knowledge gaps. C．We are unwilling to let others benefit from our ideas. D．We may think asking questions makes people foolish. 9．Which of the following sayings might Leslie agree with? A．A day's planning is best done at daybreak. B．In the eyes of a lover, Xi Shi will appear. C．A master can lead you to the door, but the rest is up to you. D．When three people walk together, one can surely be my teacher. 10．Which of the following is a characteristic of a “spark file”？ A．It is carefully organized. B．It can help people connect ideas. C．It only contains complete sentences. D．It can help people improve their memory. 11．What is the writer's aim in this passage? A．To prove Ian Leslie's arguments. B．To summarise Ian Leslie's viewpoint. C．To question Ian Leslie's conclusions. D．To introduce Ian Leslie's achievements. D For the history of life on Earth, organisms have relied on the light of the sun, moon, and stars to find their way and schedule their lives.While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused problems in the natural world.Among the impacts of artificial light at night(ALAN), light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences, contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations, and convinces sea turtle babies to amble (缓行) away from the water instead of towards it. Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals (珊瑚) into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce. Using a combination of light pollution data and spawning(产卵)observations, researchers were able to show for the first time that corals exposed to ALAN are spawning one to three days earlier and closer to the full moon compared to those on unlit corals.“That shift may reduce the survival and fertilization success of gametes(配子)and genetic connectivity between nearby lit and unlit coral systems，” they explain. “Corals are among the most biodiverse, economically important, and threatened ecosystems on the planet，” write the authors of the study. “Climate change has led to mass bleaching(褪色)events.Habitat destruction, fisheries, and pollution have reduced corals substantially since the 1950s，” they write, adding, “The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years.” If we want to reduce the harm ALAN is causing, we could perhaps look to delay the switching­on of night­time lighting in coastal regions to ensure the natural dark period between sunset and moonrise when coral reproduction remains undisturbed. 12．Why is the first paragraph written? A．To present the topic of the text. B．To advocate energy conservation. C．To explain a natural phenomenon. D．To provide background information. 13．What does the underlined word “optimum” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Possible.　　　B．Appropriate. C．Flexible. D．Sensitive. 14．What is the researchers' major concern over corals? A．Extinction. B．Losing value. C．Terrible diseases. D．Exposure to moonlight. 15．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Creatures Rely on Natural Lights to Schedule Their Life B．Night­time Lighting Shortens Natural Dark Period C．Coastal Lights Trick Corals into Early Spawning D．Light Pollution Leads to Serious Consequences 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Art comes in two main categories: realistic and abstract.Realistic art aims to show real­life scenes, people, and objects exactly as they appear.It involves paying close attention to details, making things look like photographs.__16__．It's more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas. Realistic art is easy to understand.Viewers can easily recognize what is portrayed.Take the Mona Lisa, for example—it's a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile.__17__， helping us to learn about the past. Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative.__18__．They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas.Abstract art means different things to different people.Some people enjoy trying to figure out what the artwork conveys. __19__．Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real.Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways.Many artists are skilled in both.They create realistic pieces to demonstrate their technical skills and abstract ones to display their creativity. As for personal preference, some people prefer the clear stories of realistic art while others are attracted to the mystery of abstract art, interpreting meanings in the shapes and forms.Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging.__20__． A．Both types of art take skills to make B．Photographs preserve faces of folks from long ago C．Grasping abstract art demands more artistic training D．Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty E．In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances F．Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life G．Artists have the freedom to go beyond real­life representations 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My childhood was mostly silent.It was full of love, laughter, anger and sadness like any family, but these things occurred __21__．The knowledge instilled (灌输) in me was __22__ by watching my mother as she moved through her silent world. I loved to watch her hands, which were always__23__ me things by showing me how, as she watered, weeded and dug her garden.The hands were rough with cuts and __24___,_but filled with wisdom. Sometimes, those same hands spoke to me literally.Basic__25___ language started in the family quite suddenly but then __26___ just as quickly.My mother __27___ that lip­reading was quicker.She would look at me intently and __28___ words such as, “watch this” or “this is how”， or “never touch this plant”．We often went for hours like this, __29__ a word spoken and yet we were talking in various ways the whole time. As I grew up, I began to__30__ why my mother spent so much time in her garden.Her deafness had come during an era of little tolerance for diversity, and much __31__ of disability.The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and __32__．For her it was the only place under her __33__． My mother's knowledge is deeply__34__ inside me.I now have gardening hands, with cuts and scars, and cherish their __35__．With any luck my kids will have them one day, too. 21．A.quickly　　　　　　B．constantly C．quietly D．normally 22．A.passed down B．brought up C．laid down D．made up 23．A.serving B．awarding C．sparing D．teaching 24．A.spots B．lines C．marks D．scars 25．A.pose B．sign C．signal D．wave 26．A.failed B．progressed C．stopped D．spread 27．A.regretted B．insisted C．predicted D．suspected 28．A.mouth B．eye C．nose D．finger 29．A.casually B．simply C．barely D．merely 30．A.indicate B．understand C．wonder D．confirm 31．A.recognition B．confusion C．disapproval D．credit 32．A.acceptance B．innovation C．inspection D．guidance 33．A.investigation B．strategy C．guarantee D．control 34．A.involved B．buried C．applied D．choked 35．A.roughness B．flexibility C．strength D．softness 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分， 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a health care system in which patients 36.______ (treat) with natural plant, animal, and mineral remedies (药物)．It is assumed, for a person to be healthy，37.______ yin and yang forces should be in balance.Imbalance causes illness or injury.TCM is about 38.______ (restore) the balance between yin and yang forces in patients.It has been a major part of traditional Chinese culture and continues to play 39.______ vital role in medical treatment in China today. According to the World Health Organization, nearly 80 percent of the world's population depends for its primary health care needs 40.______ medicines from plants and animals.This is especially true in countries where traditional medicines are 41.______ (wide) used. Increasingly, however, modern medicines also contain substances from animals and plants.Given growing populations, increasing wealth, and the spreading 42.______ (popular) of natural remedies around the world, the demand for these medicines and remedies 43.______ (rise) now.The rising demand, 44.______ (combine) with reduced habitat, has caused an alarming increase in the number of plant and animal species used for medicinal purposes at risk for many years.For instance, TCM uses about 1，000 plant and 36 animal species, including the tiger, rhinoceros, and sea horse, 45._______ are all in danger. 第三部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，为了弘扬科学精神，你校将举办一场主题为“科学就在身边”的英语演讲比赛。你希望参加比赛。请根据以下要点撰写一篇英文演讲稿。内容应包括： 1．你对科学的定义； 2．科学在身边的实例； 3．呼吁科学探索与实践。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Dear fellow students， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Thanks for listening. 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the middle of July when we drove way up into the mountains and backpacked up a stream.The banks were lined with old trees.We waded (涉水) through the cold water, our backpacks balanced on our heads. We set up camp on a sandy flat beside a pool.What a swimming hole! My brother and I swam, diving and playing in the clear water.We hiked upstream, against little rapids.Suddenly we heard a roaring sound, and as we came around a bend, we saw what was causing it. A huge waterfall! It rose high above us.“Wow！” I said.“Let's climb it！” “No way，” said Dad.“End of the road.” We turned back but I couldn't stop thinking about the waterfall and how much I'd like to climb it.Later, lying in my bag, I thought of the waterfall, wondering what was on the top...then finally I fell asleep. The sun was hot as a bonfire.We cut leaves as wide as elephants' ears, and tied them on our heads to keep us cool.Then we waded against the little rapids deep into the stream.I was the first one to the waterfall.“Let's go up.I think there must be something unique out there，” I said.My brother smiled.“If you go, I will，” he said. I found a way alongside the falls, and then we climbed like mountain goats.Mom shouted, “Be careful！” And we inched our way up and up—the tips of our toes gripping thin ledges (岩石突出部分), our fingers finding cracks.Sometimes rocks were unstable, but we clung (粘住) like glue.We had to. The waterfall roared by our ears.“I'm scared，” said my brother.I said, “Just don't look down.” Near the top, a tree grew out of the rock.It was just what we needed.When we stood at the top, we clapped our hands and shouted down, “Hey，Mom, Dad! It's like a whole other world up here! Come on up! You can do it！” And I did a little dance. 注意：1.续写词数应为 150 左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 Mom looked at Dad and Dad looked at Mom. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ “We did it！” Mom shouted, breathing hard. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案 综合训练(三) 第一部分 第一节 A——[语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以自己采摘农产品的农场。 1．B　细节理解题。根据Hollin Farms Delaplane, VA中“Hours are 9：00 a．m.—4：00 p．m. from Wednesday to Sunday.(营业时间为周三至周日上午9点至下午4点。)”可知，星期四上午10点参观Hollin Farms比较合适。故选B。 2．A　细节理解题。根据Great Country Farms Bluemont, VA中“The weekends of May 20—21 and May 27—28 are the yearly Strawberry Jubilee with live music, pie­eating competitions, tasty food, and more.(5月20日至21日和5月27日至28日的周末是一年一度的Strawberry Jubilee，有现场音乐，吃派比赛，美味的食物等等。)”可知，5月27日，游客可以在Great Country Farms参加吃派比赛。故选A。 3．D　细节理解题。根据Waters Orchard (果园) Gaithersburg, MD中“Pick­your­own (PYO) pricing is by the peck (配克)—15/half peck，22/peck, and an entry fee for two is included.It's $5/guest after that.(自选价格按配克出售——15美元/半配克，22美元/配克，包括两人的入场费。之后是每位客人5美元。)”可知，一个三口之家买两配克苹果要花22＋22＋5＝49美元。故选D。 B——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者回顾了她青少年时期观看流星的经历，以及这种经历是如何影响她决定在农场过独立的生活并让孩子接受家庭教育的。她对比了成就感和满足感的概念，强调了在简单的时刻和在与大自然的联系中寻找意义和快乐的重要性。 4．D　细节理解题。根据第二段“I loved them so much that I invited my high school friends to my family farm and spent an August night in our sleeping bags on the hillside to watch them together.(我非常喜爱它们，所以我邀请了我的高中朋友到我家农场，并在山坡上的睡袋里度过了一个八月的夜晚，一起看着它们。)”和第三段中的“I can't help but think of that as the final night of my childhood.(我忍不住把那看作是我童年的最后一晚。)”可知，在一个八月的夜晚，作者和高中朋友一起在山坡看流星，她把那一晚看作自己童年的终结。故选D。 5．C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I've given lots of reasons over the past 13 years for my choice to live an independent life on a distant farm and home school my daughters.But deep down, I think the shooting stars had a lot to do with it.(在过去的13年里，我给了很多我选择在遥远的农场过独立生活和在家教育女儿的理由。但在内心深处，我认为这些流星与此有很大关系。)”可知，作者的选择和流星有很大关系。再根据第五段中的“And I decided to lead a life tied to the seasons, where shooting stars were just one of many gifts from nature.(我决定过一种与季节挂钩的生活，在那里，流星只是大自然赐予我的众多礼物之一。)”可推知，流星属于大自然的一部分，作者选择这种生活是因为她希望能够与自然密切联系。故选C。 6．B　推理判断题。作者在第七至十段通过举例对“accomplishment”和“fulfillment”进行区分，尤其第七段“Accomplishment is a child's successful test scores.Fulfillment is loving and forgiving each other through times table and written words.( 成就是孩子取得的成功测试成绩。满足是通过乘法口诀和书写互相爱护和宽容。)”以及最后一段“It is learned that accomplishment is merely a mark in the book made as a result of following fulfillment above all else.(我们了解到，成就仅仅是书中的一个标记，是在追寻高于一切的满足时所产生的结果。)”可知，成就表示取得的可以量化的成就，满足表示心理上的满足，选项B“Investing meaningful time with family members.(花有意义的时间和家人在一起。)”代表满足。故选B。 7．A　推理判断题。根据第四段“I've given lots of reasons over the past 13 years for my choice to live an independent life on a distant farm and home school my daughters.But deep down, I think the shooting stars had a lot to do with it.I couldn't bear to gaze up at them and think that they were a finale to be witnessed before returning to the demands of school and careers.(在过去的13年里，我为自己选择在遥远的农场过着独立的生活，在家教育我的女儿们给出了很多理由。但在内心深处，我认为这与流星有很大关系。我无法忍受抬头看着他们，认为这是在回到学校和事业的要求之前要见证的最后一幕。)”以及第五段“So I said ‘no’ to all of it: no jobs, no school.And I decided to lead a life tied to the seasons, where shooting stars were just one of many gifts from nature.(所以我对所有的一切都说‘不’：没有工作，没有学校。我决定过一种与季节息息相关的生活，其中流星只是自然赋予我的众多礼物之一。)”可知，作者回顾了她青少年时期观看流星的经历，以及这种经历如何影响她决定在农场过独立的生活并让孩子接受家庭教育，由此显示出作者是独立的，同时作者对常规性的生活即工作和学校说不，决定过一种与季节息息相关的生活，体现出作者是不遵循传统的。故A选项“Independent and unconventional.(独立的和不遵循传统的。)”概括了作者的性格。故选A。 C——[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类行为学家伊安·莱斯利关于好奇心的观点及如何培养好奇心的研究。 8．A　细节理解题。根据文章第三段“As we get older, we may feel hesitant about asking questions, believing this reveals gaps in our knowledge.We can become scared to share unconventional ideas for fear of criticism or misunderstanding.We can also be a victim of our success, as Leslie explains.‘Once you've worked out how to do your job, then you don't feel curious anymore.The need to learn goes away—in a way, curiosity has done its job.But that doesn't mean you shouldn't cultivate it.’(随着年龄的增长，我们可能会对提问感到犹豫，认为这暴露了我们知识上的差距。我们可能会因为害怕批评或误解而变得害怕分享非传统的想法。正如莱斯利解释的那样，我们也可能成为成功的受害者。‘一旦你弄清楚了如何做你的工作，你就不会再感到好奇了。学习的需要消失了——在某种程度上，好奇心已经完成了它的工作。但这并不意味着你不应该培养它。’)”可推知，莱斯利认为，随着年龄的增长我们可能会逐渐失去天生的好奇心。故选A。 9．D　推理判断题。根据第四段内容，结合本段中“Leslie's tips for cultivating curiosity begin with spending time with the experts—children.(莱斯利培养好奇心的建议是从花时间和专家——孩子们——在一起开始的。)”及“This makes you think about things you've taken for granted—it reawakens your curiosity in what's around us and how we perceive the world.(这会让你思考你认为理所当然的事情——它会重新唤醒你对我们周围的事物以及我们如何看待世界的好奇心)”可知，莱斯利建议和孩子们在一起来培养好奇心，由此可推知他会同意D项观点“三人行，必有我师”。故选D。 10．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段首句“Leslie also suggests creating a ‘spark file’—a digital or physical notebook in which you collect interesting thoughts.(莱斯利还建议创建一个‘火花文件’——一个可以收集有趣想法的电子或实体笔记本。)”及“Over time you'll build up a rich source of inspiration, and you'll think, ‘Oh that's interesting, that relates to this...’(随着时间的推移，你会建立一个丰富的灵感来源，你会想，‘哦，这很有趣，这和这个有关……’)”可知，“火花文件”可以帮助人们把想法联系起来。故选B。 11．B　推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段最后一句“Yet according to human behaviourist and author of Curious, Ian Leslie, although we are all born curious, not all of us bring this into adulthood, and we can lose out as a result.(然而，根据人类行为学家、《好奇》一书的作者伊安·莱斯利的说法，尽管我们生来就有好奇心，但并不是所有人都会在成年后变得好奇，因此我们可能会因此而失败。)”可知，本文主要介绍了伊安·莱斯利关于好奇心的观点。故作者的目的是总结他的观点。故选B。 D——[语篇解读]　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响。 12．D　推理判断题。根据第一段内容“For the history of life on Earth, organisms have relied on the light of the sun, moon, and stars to find their way and schedule their lives.While the beginning of electric lighting in the late 19th century may have benefited humans, it has caused problems in the natural world.Among the impacts of artificial light at night(ALAN), light pollution lures migrating birds to cities with shocking consequences, contributes to the alarming decline in insect populations, and convinces sea turtle babies to amble away from the water instead of towards it.[在地球上生命的历史中，生物一直依靠太阳、月亮和星星的光来找到自己的路，安排自己的生活。虽然19世纪末开始的电灯可能给人类带来了好处，但它也给自然界带来了问题。在夜间人造光(ALAN)的影响中，光污染将候鸟吸引到城市，带来令人震惊的后果，导致昆虫数量惊人的下降，并使海龟宝宝远离水而不是靠近水。]”可知，文章第一段介绍了始于 19 世末的人造光源对自然产生的不好的影响，结合第二段“Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”讲述文章主题是阐述人造光对于珊瑚的危害可推断，第一段的目的是提出提供了背景信息。故选D。 13．B　词义猜测题。分析句子可知，后面的定语从句“when they would normally reproduce(当它们正常繁殖的时候)”修饰“the optimum time”可知“the optimum times”指的是“珊瑚正常的繁殖时间”，所以画线词与appropriate“合适的，恰当的”。故选B。 14．A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The complete loss of corals is anticipated over the next 100 years.( 预计珊瑚将在未来100年内完全消失。)”可知，研究人员最大的担心是珊瑚的灭绝。故选A。 15．C　主旨大意题。通读全文特别是第二段“Now, a new study from the University of Plymouth adds another disappointing finding about how ALAN is affecting the creatures with whom we share the planet: Light pollution from coastal cities can trick corals into reproducing outside of the optimum times when they would normally reproduce.(现在，普利茅斯大学的一项新研究增加了另一个令人失望的发现，即ALAN如何影响与我们共享地球的生物：沿海城市的光污染会诱使珊瑚在正常繁殖的最佳时间之外繁殖。)”可知，本文主要介绍了海滨城市的照明对珊瑚的影响。这些照明产生的光会使珊瑚比不受光污染的珊瑚产卵早，从而对其产生不利影响，因此 C 项“海岸灯光诱使珊瑚提早产卵”为合适的标题。故选C。 第二节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要以两种艺术：现实主义艺术和抽象艺术为主题。讲述了各自的特点，在表现形式方面的各自特点形成了艺术世界的多样性和美的价值。 16．E　根据后文“It's more about expressing feelings, emotions, and ideas.(它更多的是表达感觉、情感和想法。)”并结合常识可知，该句的主题是抽象艺术，因此可推知，设空句的主题也应是抽象艺术，以衔接呼应后文的“It”。选项E“In contrast, abstract art focuses less on realistic appearances(相比之下，抽象艺术较少关注现实的外观)”提出了主题“抽象艺术”，呼应“It”，同时“In contrast”可与前文构成对比关系，前后衔接紧密。故选E。 17．F　根据前文“Take the Mona Lisa, for example—it's a realistic painting of a lady with a mysterious smile.(以《蒙娜丽莎》为例，这是一幅现实主义画，画的是一位带着神秘微笑的女士。)”可知，设空句应对这个《蒙娜丽莎》的举例进行总结，并体现现实主义艺术的特点。选项F“Artworks like this tell stories about history and everyday life(像这样的艺术品讲述了历史和日常生活的故事)”中“Artworks like this”指代前文的《蒙娜丽莎》，且讲述了现实主义艺术的特点，与后文“helping us to learn about the past(帮助我们了解过去)”在内容上衔接紧密。故选F。 18．G　根据前文“Unlike realistic art, abstract art is more about being creative.(与现实主义艺术不同，抽象艺术更注重创造性。)”可知，该段在讲述抽象艺术的特点。设空句承接前文，应是对抽象艺术的特点“创造性”进行进一步解释。选项G“Artists have the freedom to go beyond real­life representations(艺术家有超越现实生活表现的自由)”中“超越现实生活表现的自由”即为前文提及的“创造性”的进一步解释，同时呼应后文“They use shapes, colors and patterns to express feelings and ideas.(他们用形状、颜色和图案来表达感情和想法。)”的“不同形状，颜色和图案”，前后衔接紧密。故选G。 19．A　设空句为该段的首句，应是该段的中心主旨句。根据后文“Realistic art needs precision in drawing or sculpting to make things look real.Abstract art requires imagination to use shapes and colors in new ways.(现实主义艺术需要精确的绘画或雕刻，使事物看起来真实。抽象艺术需要想象力，以新的方式使用形状和颜色。)”可知，该段讲述的核心内容是两种艺术各自需要的技巧以及艺术家们对两种艺术的应用。选项A“Both types of art take skills to make(这两种类型的艺术都需要技巧)”提出两种艺术都需要技巧，可总结该段的核心内容，作为该段的首句。故选A。 20．D　根据前文“Together, the two kinds of art make the art world diverse and engaging.(这两种艺术共同使艺术世界多样化和引人入胜。)”可知，作为末尾部分，前文以及设空句应是对两种艺术形式的褒义总结。选项D“Both ways of creating art have their own value and beauty(两种艺术创作方式都有各自的价值和美)”总结了各自的价值和美，与前文在句意上衔接紧密，可作为末尾句。故选D。 第二部分 第一节 [语篇解读]　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲是聋哑人，所以作者的大部分童年都是沉默无声的。但它充满了爱、笑声、愤怒和悲伤，就像任何家庭一样，只是这些事情发生在一个安静的环境中。 21．C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：和其他家庭一样，它充满了爱、欢笑、愤怒和悲伤，但这些事情都是悄然发生的。A.quickly快速地；B.constantly 持续不断地；C.quietly安静地，悄悄地；D.normally正常地。由上文“My childhood was mostly silent.”可知，作者的童年几乎是无声的，所以一切都是在静悄悄地发生，故选C。 22．A　考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：灌输给我的知识是通过看着我母亲在她寂静的世界里移动而传承下来的。A.passed down传递下去；B.brought up抚养；C.laid down放下；D.made up弥补。由上文“The knowledge instilled in me was”可知，知识被传承下来，故选A。 23．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她给花园浇水、除草和挖土的时候，我喜欢看她的手，因为她总是教我一些东西。A.serving服务；B.awarding 授予；C.sparing饶恕；D.teaching教。根据上文“The knowledge instilled in me was __22__ by watching my mother as she moved through her silent world.”可知，作者从母亲那里学到了很多知识，由此可知，此处指母亲总会教作者一些东西，故选D。 24．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：双手粗糙，布满伤痕，但充满智慧。A.spots地点；B.lines直线；C.marks标记；D.scars伤疤。由上文“The hands were rough with cuts”可知，母亲的双手粗糙，布满伤痕，故选D。 25．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：基本的手语在这个家庭中开始的很突然，但是很快就停止了。A.pose引起；B.sign示意；C.signal打手势；D.wave 挥手。上文提到“by watching my mother as she moved through her silent world”母亲是个聋哑人可知，此处指手语，故选B。 26．C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：基本的手语在这个家庭中开始的很突然，但是很快就停止了。A.failed失败；B.progressed进展；C.stopped停下来；D.spread传播。由“started”和“but”可知，前后是转折关系，开始使用手语，但很快就停止了。故选C。 27．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲坚持认为读唇语更快。A.regretted后悔；B.insisted坚持；C.predicted预测；D.suspected怀疑。由下文“that lip­reading was quicker”可知，读唇语更快，这是母亲坚持认为的。故选B。 28．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意： 她会专注地看着我，嘴里念叨着诸如“看这个”“这是怎么做的”或者“永远不要碰这棵植物”之类的话。A.mouth用口型默示；B.eye注视；C.nose小心翼翼地向前移动；D.finger用手指触摸。由上文“My mother __27__ that lip­reading was quicker.”可知，母亲坚持认为读唇语更快，所以母亲会看着作者，用口型默示的方式来告诉作者一些事情，故选A。 29．C　考查副词词义辨析。句意： 我们经常这样谈上几个小时，几乎不说一句话，但是我们一直在用各种各样的方式交谈。A.casually随便地；B.simply 只是；C.barely几乎不；D.merely仅仅。由下文“a word spoken”和上文提到的作者和母亲用读唇语的方式交谈可知，他们几乎不说一句话，故选C。 30．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着我的成长，我开始明白为什么我的母亲花这么多时间在她的花园。A.indicate暗示；B.understand理解；C.wonder好奇；D.confirm确认。由下文“why my mother spent so much time in her garden”和下文“The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and __32__．”提到外面的世界苛求而无情，而母亲的花园却充满了善意和包容可知，作者开始理解了母亲花这么多时间在她的花园的原因，故选B。 31．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的耳聋发生在一个对多样性缺乏宽容、否定残疾人的时代。A.recognition认出；B.confusion困惑；C.disapproval 不赞同；D.credit信用。由上文“Her deafness had come during an era of little tolerance for diversity, and much”可知，母亲出生在一个对多样性缺乏宽容、否定残疾人的时代。故选C。 32．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：外面的世界苛求而无情，而她的花园却充满了善意和包容。A.acceptance接受；B.innovation创新；C.inspection 检查；D.guidance指导。由上文“The world outside was demanding and unforgiving while her garden was full of kindness and”中的“while”可知，前后是对比关系，外面的世界苛求而无情，而她的花园却充满了善意和包容。故选A。 33．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，那是她唯一能控制的地方。A.investigation调查；B.strategy 策略；C.guarantee保证；D.control控制。由上文“why my mother spent so much time in her garden”和上文提到的花园对母亲充满了善意和包容可知，母亲喜欢待在花园里修剪花朵，这是因为花园对母亲充满了善意和包容，这是母亲唯一能自己掌控的地方，故选D。 34．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我母亲的知识深深地埋藏在我心底。A.involved涉及；B.buried掩埋；C.applied应用；D.choked噎住。由下文“inside me”和上文提到的“The knowledge instilled in me”可知，母亲的知识深深地埋藏在作者心中，故选B。 35．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在有了园艺的双手，手上有刀伤和疤痕，并且珍惜它们的粗糙。A.roughness粗糙；B.flexibility灵活；C.strength 力量；D.softness柔软。由上文“I now have gardening hands, with cuts and scars, and cherish their”和上文提到的经常待在花园里的母亲的手“The hands were rough with cuts”也是粗糙的可知，如今作者也有了园艺的双手，布满刀伤和疤痕，这说明手很粗糙，故选A。 第二节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍传统中医、传统中医的疗法及其对所需用药的动植物的影响。 36．are treated　考查时态语态。句意：传统中医是一种医疗保健系统，是一种患者接受天然植物、动物和矿物质药物的治疗。根据句意可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语patients与treat是动宾关系，故用被动语态。主语patients是复数。故填are treated。 37．that　考查主语从句。句意：人们认为，为了使一个人健康，阴阳力量应该平衡。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查It is assumed that……句型，其中It作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，引导词that不可以省略。故填that。 38．restoring　考查动名词。句意：传统中医是关于恢复患者阴阳之间的平衡。根据空前的介词about可知，此处用动名词restoring，作宾语。故填restoring。 39．a　考查冠词。句意：它一直是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，并在当今中国的医疗中继续发挥着至关重要的作用。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语play a vital role in，表示“在……发挥至关重要的作用”。因为vital是以辅音音素开头，故设空处填a。故填a。 40．on/upon　考查介词。句意：根据世界卫生组织的数据，世界近80%的人口依靠植物和动物的药物来满足其基本的卫生保健需求。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语depend on/upon，表示“依靠”。故填on/upon。 41．widely　考查副词。句意：在广泛使用传统药物的国家尤其如此。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处用副词widely，表示“广泛地”，作状语，修饰used。故填widely。 42．popularity　考查名词。句意：鉴于人口不断增长，财富不断增加，以及自然疗法在世界各地的普及，对这些药物和疗法的需求现在正在上升。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知，此处应填不可数名词popularity，表示“普及”，故填popularity。 43．is rising　考查时态及主谓一致。句意：鉴于人口不断增长，财富不断增加，以及自然疗法在世界各地的普及，对这些药物和疗法的需求现在正在上升。根据句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词。根据句意，此句描述现阶段持续的状态，故用现在进行时。主语the demand是单数。故填is rising。 44．combined　考查过去分词。句意：结合栖息地的减少，不断增长的需求导致多年来用于药用目的的植物和动物物种数量惊人地增加。根据句子结构可知，此处填非谓语动词。The rising demand与combine是动宾关系，故用过去分词combined作后置定语。故填combined。 45．which　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意：例如，传统中医使用大约1 000种植物和36种动物，包括老虎，犀牛和海马，它们都处于危险之中。根据句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词用which，指代先行词about 1，000 plant and 36 animal species，在从句中作主语。故填which。 第三部分 第一节 [参考范文] Dear_fellow_students， Science is the systematic study of the natural world through observation, experimentation, and analysis.It helps us understand the laws of nature and how things work. From the simple act of boiling water to the complex process of photosynthesis, science is present in our daily lives.We use technology, medicine, and transportation, all of which are products of scientific discoveries. Let us embrace the spirit of curiosity, ask questions, and seek answers through scientific inquiry.By encouraging scientific exploration, we can create a better future. Thanks_for_listening. 第二节 [参考范文] Mom looked at Dad and Dad looked at Mom.Then Mom started climbing, and Dad followed—I couldn't believe my eyes! I lay on my stomach and shouted directions.“No, not that ledge—try the one up to your right！” I never felt more anxious—seeing my parents clinging to that smooth rock—or more proud, either.Then I heard a shout and my heart jumped into my mouth.But it was a shout of victory! My parents pulled themselves up, up, and over the top. “We did it！” Mom shouted, breathing hard.“You did it！” I also shouted excitedly.“Dad, I thought you said it couldn't be done！” “It can't，” he said.Together we burst out laughing.Then after a short rest, we continued upstream.Along the way we saw special scenery up there, which gave us great joy and left us an unforgettable impression.This experience made my heart feel big and wild, and I believe that success belongs to the brave. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$