综合训练(1)-2024年高二英语暑假作业（江苏专版）

综合训练(一) (满分：120分　时间：100分钟) 第一部分　 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The National Gallery The National Gallery in London has a huge collection of 2，400 pieces online, and you can search, browse (浏览) and view the art on its website.Thanks to Google Street View, you can also take virtual tours of 18 rooms.And if you have an Oculus VR headset, you can even take a VR tour of the Sainsbury Wing, which contains over 270 paintings you can get up, close and personal with. Art UK Art UK is an online platform that brings together artworks from some of the most important cultural institutions across Britain.If you need some inspiration, Art UK also has you covered, as it has sorted its artworks into categories like Abstract, Floral Art Prints, Modern Interior Prints and Impressionism.Art UK also has an online shop where you can purchase prints that will add a touch of class and colour to your home. Artnet It allows visitors to browse galleries from all over the world, with some of the most current and contemporary artworks held by cutting­edge gallerists on offer through the portal.You can also track and follow auction lots and sales.Artnet news also brings you up­to­date news on the goings­on in the art world.Basically, Artnet is the go­to place online for everything you need to know about the contemporary art world, its artists, galleries, works, buyers and collectors. The Affordable Art Fair The Affordable Art Fair was originally held in Battersea in London in 1999 with a view to providing an alternative, and cheaper option for purchasing art outside a gallery setting.The Affordable Art Fair is one of the best places to shop for art online, as prices range from around ￡50 to ￡6，000, so there should be something for everyone.It's also a great place to familiarize yourself with emerging and up­and­coming artists. 1．What is special about The National Gallery? A．The paintings are categorized. B．It has a great collection from all over the world. C．It can make you as if you were really in the gallery. D．Its inspiration comes from important cultural institutions. 2．Which website best suits people who want to know the latest information about art? A．Art UK. B．The National Gallery. C．The Affordable Art Fair. D．Artnet. 3．What do Art UK and The Affordable Art Fair have in common? A．They have online shopping service. B．You can find Floral Art Prints in them. C．They provide cheap choices for the public. D．You can know some promising artists in them. B The most valuable thing I ever lost was a pair of diamond earrings I won many years ago at a charity auction (拍卖会)．I wrote about the lost earrings in my new children's book—The Christmas Pig.When they reach the Land of the Lost, where the hero must go to rescue his most beloved toy, my earrings are angry that they aren't treated with the respect they think they deserve.They soon find out that being made of diamonds counts for (有用) very little in the strange world where human­made objects go when lost, because a thing's importance there depends on how much it's truly loved. The Christmas Pig explores a deep attachment to an old object.It's about the journey of a boy, Jack, who is a little lost himself, but who discovers his bravery and ability to love in a strange new world.Of all the books I've written, this is the one that made me cry the most, because I was dealing with emotions that run deep in all of us.Loss and change are hard for children, but acceptance of these unavoidable parts of life isn't much easier for adults.The Christmas Pig shows how human beings—even small, lost ones—are capable of wonderful, heroic acts. A very strange thing happened on the day I finished editing The Christmas Pig.After emailing the final version to my editor, I set about clearing out a cupboard.One of the last objects I picked up was a small box.I opened it.There were my long­lost diamond earrings.I've decided to sell them and give the money to a charity.I think it was a nice ending for my earrings' story to have them do some good for children in the Land of the Living. How many times have I been asked whether I believe in magic? On the day I finished The Christmas Pig, for a few shining moments I really did. 4．What's the author's purpose of writing this passage? A．To tell a story happening in a magical world. B．To advertise her first children's book. C．To introduce her new book and stories behind it. D．To reveal our deep attachment to old objects. 5．What is The Christmas Pig mainly about? A．A boy saved his lost toy in the magical world. B．A boy helped earrings find their own value. C．A boy discovered bravery in the real world. D．A boy was looked down upon by some earrings. 6．Why did the book make the author cry most? A．She was unable to forgive herself. B．It was based on her own past experiences. C．The hero dealt successfully with loss and change. D．Many adults could hardly understand the main characters. 7．What does the author want to tell us through the story of her lost earrings? A．Lost things will turn up sooner or later. B．Sometimes warm magical things can happen in life. C．We should donate to help those in need. D．Sometimes magic in books can happen in real life. C Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day.World Tuberculosis (肺结核) Day is on Saturday March 24th. Tuberculosis was once terribly fashionable.Dying of “consumption” seems to have been a favorite activity of 19th­century artists, which has, however been neglected of late.Researchers in the field never tire of pointing out that TB kills a lot of people.According to figures released earlier this week by the World Health Organization, 1.6 million people died of the disease in 2005, compared with about 3m for AIDS and 1m for malaria.But it receives only a fraction of the research budget devoted to AIDS.America's National Institutes of Health, for example, spends 20 times as much on AIDS as on TB. Nevertheless, everyone seems to be getting in on the TB­day act this year. The Global Fund, an international organization responsible for fighting all three diseases but best known for its work on AIDS, claims that its anti­TB activities since 2002 have saved the lives of over 1m people.The World Health Organization has issued a report that contains some good news.Although the number of TB cases is still rising, the rate of illness is growing only because the population itself is going up. Even drug companies are involved.Eli Lilly announced a $50m boost to its MDRTB Global Partnership.MDR stands for multi­drug resistance, and it is one of the reasons why TB is back in the spotlight.Careless treatment has caused drug­resistant problems to evolve all over the world.The course of drugs needed to clear the disease completely takes six months, and persuading people to stay that course once their symptoms have gone is hard.Unfortunately, those infected with MDR have to be treated with less effective, more poisonous and more costly drugs. The other reason TB is back is its relationship to AIDS.AIDS does not kill directly.Rather, HIV weakens the body's immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections.Of these, TB is one of the most serious.Some anti­TB drugs interfere with the effect of some anti­HIV drugs.Conversely, in about 20% of cases where a patient has both diseases, anti­HIV drugs make the tuberculosis worse.The_upshot is that 125 years after human beings worked out what caused TB, it is still a serious threat. 8．What does the first sentence “Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day.” mean? A．Every dog enjoys good luck or success sooner or later. B．Human beings can deal with problems caused by disease. C．Tuberculosis becomes a serious infection (感染) disease. D．People attach importance to tuberculosis recently. 9．By referring to AIDS in paragraph 2, what does the author intends to show? A．The US government is reluctant to spend millions of dollars on tuberculosis. B．The death rate of AIDS is higher than that of tuberculosis. C．The authorities don't pay much attention to the research of tuberculosis. D．Compared with AIDS, tuberculosis can be cured effectively. 10．Which of the following is best defines the word “upshot”(Para 5)? A．Consequence.　　　　B．Reason. C．Achievement. D．Project. 11．Which of the following proverbs is closest in meaning to the message the passage tries to tell us? A．Forgive and forget. B．Forgotten, but not gone. C．When the wound is healed, the pain is forgotten. D．Every dog is brave at his own door. D What would happen today, if there was an accident at your workplace? Would employees know what to do? Would the injured person get the best possible care? When an accident happens, a first­aid programme that meets the requirements of the law and is made to the type and size of the workplace can really make a difference between life and death, or between recovery and lasting disablement (伤残)． Employers should make sure that all employees know where emergency information is posted at the workplace.The emergency notice should show the phone numbers of the closest ambulance service, rescue unit, fire police station, and hospital.The amount of time it takes to look up one of these important numbers can make a big difference to a seriously injured person.The place of first­aid equipment and rescue equipment should also be posted. All workplaces should have a person with first­aid or medical training in case of an emergency.First­aid equipment and supplies, including a variety of dressings and instruments, as well as an up­to­date first­aid book, should be stored where they can be reached quickly and easily in case of an accident.These supplies should be inspected frequently, making sure they are kept in sanitary (卫生的) and usable conditions and re­stored after use.Larger workplaces may need more than one fully­equipped first­aid bag. In lonely workplaces, emergency supplies and an action plan are especially important.At least one person trained in first aid should always be on­site (在现场的)．If first aid is not given properly, it can sometimes hurt rather than help an injured person, or even be harmful to the person giving first aid. All workers should know who is trained to give first aid on­site, where first­aid equipment is put, and what medical professionals or medical instruments should be found if a medical emergency happens. 12．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The importance of a proper first­aid programme at the workplace. B．The possibility to make a first­aid programme. C．The requirements of the law about a first­aid programme. D．Difference between the type and size of the workplace. 13．What should you do for a seriously injured person? A．Report the present conditions to the employers. B．Give first aid to him right away all by yourself. C．Look up and call the emergency telephone numbers quickly. D．Run to the rescue centre to get first­aid equipment. 14．Why are first­aid equipment and supplies stored in workplaces? A．To be reached quickly and used to rescue in time. B．To meet the requirements of the government. C．To deal with the inspection of higher departments. D．To make a medical training for the employees. 15．According to the text, what are all workers required to do? A．Be responsible for the result of the injured person. B．Know the exact place of first­aid equipment. C．Be trained to give first aid to the injured in an accident. D．Be far away from the accident place. 第二节(共5小题； 每小题2.5分， 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While rice and wheat are the two commonly consumed cereal grains nationwide, a study covering over 100，000 people in Northwest China has revealed that choosing rice as a staple food may lead to a lower risk of obesity (肥胖症)． __16__ They were divided into three groups according to their weekly rice and wheat intake. The first group eats rice as their staple food.The second group's staple food is wheat, and the third group consumes both rice and wheat as their staple food, with similar frequency. The results show rice preference may be associated with a lower risk of obesity in the participants. __17__ When wheat lovers changed their staple food to rice, the participants showed a 36.5 percent lower risk of normal­weight obesity in men and a 20.5 percent lower risk in women. Previous studies show that wheat protein promoted weight gain by reducing heat production and energy consumption，while rice protein shows the potential for anti­obesity effects.__18__ So it leads to a higher energy density (密度) of wheat than rice.According to the Chinese Food Composition Table, the energy content of noodles or steamed bread is three times that of cooked rice of the same weight.__19__ Wheat lovers tend to eat large bowls of noodles with fewer vegetables or less meat, and sometimes even with a large amount of oil. The researchers concluded rice preference could be associated with lower risks of fatness.They also noted that given the vast land and diverse ethnic groups present in Northwest China, the reasons above do not prove everything.__20__ A．Besides, rice lovers pay more attention to nutrients. B．Higher wheat intake is relevant to higher risks of obesity. C．Researchers collected data from participants aged 35 to 74. D．Moreover, wheat absorbs less water than rice when cooked. E．Meanwhile, rice lovers often include more vegetables and meat in their diet. F．Participants with wheat preference are likely to develop unknown diseases. G．Further studies are necessary to fully understand hidden reasons for the observed links. 第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It's a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities.For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and__21___ to make a real difference.But all that changed when I __22___ my good­deed­a­day project. My daughter, Emily, was my primary__23___．I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy. The first week, I wasn't sure if I could__24___it.I surfed the Internet for ideas.One day, I __25___ a blind man in the subway station.He smiled as he thanked me.Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home...I could only hope I was arousing __26___ in others. Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I'd expected.I knew I was making a __27___． Every evening at the dinner table, I__28__that day's good deed to Emily.Emily began copying what I'd started.On a walk home from school, she marched over to a neighbor's pot of geraniums(天竺葵), which had toppled(摇晃) in the wind，and set it __29___．“That was my good deed for the day！” she yelled.Another day, she helped me collect __30___from our neighbors for the food bank.We dropped off the food and，__31___we drove away, Emily announced __32___that she wanted to work there one day. By the last week, I knew I'd changed.At first, I hadn't been entirely__33___ that I could do a good deed every day.Now it was practically second __34___．I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, __35___ looking the other way.I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow. 21．A.energy　　　　　　B．space C．wisdom D．salary 22．A.stopped B．started C．forgot D．remembered 23．A.donation B．expectation C．celebration D．inspiration 24．A.get B．manage C．put D．appreciate 25．A.watched B．waited C．guided D．ordered 26．A.interest B．mercy C．awareness D．praise 27．A.discovery B．difference C．mistake D．fortune 28．A.reminded B．pointed C．recalled D．described 29．A.right B．up C．out D．aside 30．A.money B．vegetables C．donations D．clothes 31．A.before B．since C．until D．as 32．A.proudly B．eagerly C．anxiously D．casually 33．A.concerned B．convinced C．expected D．persuaded 34．A.scene B．language C．nature D．skill 35．A.by means of B．regardless of C．as well as D．instead of 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In a rapidly changing world it's significant to remain lifelong learners.As you progress through life, you may study and work in new 36.______(environment)．Consequently, you 37.______ (expose) to new ideas, beliefs, practices and learning experiences.You may one day do jobs that do not yet exist, use technologies not yet 38.______ (develop) and resolve problems that are not yet problems! This doesn't mean that there's no need to study in school，39.______ to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is beneficial. So, how can you proceed? Firstly, lifelong learning is an attitude.Be objective and make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas.Also, develop critical thinking skills not to 40.______ (blind) accept new ideas.Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning.You could subscribe 41.______ e­learning courses.You could also visit 42.______ local library.Finally, understand that it's not sufficient to simply know something or to understand what you know, because for knowledge 43.______ (have) concrete value, it must be applied.Importantly, after its application, you must conduct a review process of 44.______ (analyze), evaluation and improvement, 45.______ makes your comprehension of the world a continuous process. In conclusion, in a world of constant changes, to develop your skills, further a career, boost self­worth, renew beliefs and keep your mind active, one should never cease to learn. 第三部分　写作(共两节， 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华，你从校园海报上得知学生会正在招聘学生志愿者于下周接待外国留学生，并带领他们体验中国茶文化的消息。请写一封电子邮件申请参加，内容主要包括： 1．自我介绍； 2．你的优势； 3．希望获准。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3．邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Sir or Madam， ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class.They always played together and went home together.One day, Robert and Henry were going home from school.On turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Let's go and see！” “No，” said Henry.“Let us go home quietly and not meddle with (管闲事) this quarrel.We have nothing to do with it and may get into trouble.Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together and I don't want them to worry about me.” “You are a coward (懦夫), and afraid to go，” said Robert, and off he ran.Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual. But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal.From then on, they looked down on Henry and didn't want to play with him together. Henry was sad but he wasn't angry with Robert for his rude behaviour, because he knew that they misunderstood him, and that they ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong.Thus, he just ignored the other boys' laughter and continued to go to school and study as well.However, Robert didn't invite Henry to go home together with him anymore.Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward.Every day after school, they didn't go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun. A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth.He struggled and cried for help, but he failed.The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did nothing to help him. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。 2．请按如下格式作答。 It seemed as if Robert would be dying. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Thus, Robert's life was saved. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案 综合训练(一) 第一部分 第一节 A——[语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了关于艺术的四个网站。 1．C　细节理解题。根据The National Gallery部分中的“Thanks to Google Street View, you can also take virtual tours of 18 rooms.And if you have an Oculus VR headset, you can even take a VR tour of the Sainsbury Wing, which contains over 270 paintings you can get up, close and personal with.(有了谷歌街景，你还可以虚拟游览18个房间。如果你有一个Oculus VR头戴式设备，你甚至可以在Sainsbury Wing进行一次VR之旅，这里有超过270幅油画，你可以站起来，近距离接触。)”可知，国家美术馆的虚拟之旅可以让你仿佛置身于美术馆里。故选C。 2．D　推理判断题。根据Artnet部分中的“Artnet news also brings you up­to­date news on the goings­on in the art world.Basically, Artnet is the go­to place online for everything you need to know about the contemporary art world, its artists, galleries, works, buyers and collectors.(Artnet新闻还为您带来艺术界的最新消息。基本上，Artnet是你需要了解当代艺术界、艺术家、画廊、作品、买家和收藏家的所有信息的在线网站。)”可知，Artnet最适合想了解最新的艺术资讯的人。故选D。 3．A　细节理解题。根据Art UK部分中的“Art UK also has an online shop where you can purchase prints that will add a touch of class and colour to your home.(Art UK也有一个网上商店，你可以在那里购买印刷品，为你的家增添一抹高贵和色彩。)”和The Affordable Art Fair 部分中的“The Affordable Art Fair is one of the best places to shop for art online, as prices range from around ￡50 to ￡6，000, so there should be something for everyone.(The Affordable Art Fair是网上购买艺术品的最佳场所之一，价格在50英镑到6000英镑之间，所以应该有适合每个人的东西)”可知，Art UK和The Affordable Art Fair都提供线上购买服务。故选A。 B——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在创作儿童书籍《圣诞猪》时，将自己失去的一对钻石耳环的故事融入其中。 4．C　推理判断题。根据第一段“The most valuable thing I ever lost was a pair of diamond earrings I won many years ago at a charity auction (拍卖会)．I wrote about the lost earrings in my new children's book—The Christmas Pig.(我失去过的最有价值的东西是一对钻石耳环，这是我多年前在一次慈善拍卖会上赢得的。我在我的新儿童读物《圣诞猪》中写了关于丢失的耳环的故事。)”可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍她的新书和背后的故事。故选C。 5．C　细节理解题。根据第二段“The Christmas Pig explores a deep attachment to an old object.It's about the journey of a boy, Jack, who is a little lost himself, but who discovers his bravery and ability to love in a strange new world.(《圣诞猪》探索了对一件旧物品的深深依恋。它讲述了一个男孩杰克的旅程，他有点迷失了自己，但在一个陌生的新世界里发现了自己的勇气和爱的能力。)”可知，《圣诞猪》主要讲述了一个男孩在现实世界中发现了勇气。故选C。 6．C　推理判断题。根据第二段“Of all the books I've written, this is the one that made me cry the most, because I was dealing with emotions that run deep in all of us.Loss and change are hard for children, but acceptance of these unavoidable parts of life isn't much easier for adults.The Christmas Pig shows how human beings—even small, lost ones—are capable of wonderful, heroic acts.(在我写的所有书中，这本书是让我哭得最多的，因为我在处理我们所有人内心深处的情感。失去和改变对孩子来说很难，但对成年人来说，接受生活中这些不可避免的部分并不容易。圣诞猪展示了人类——即使是弱小的、迷失的人——是如何能够做出精彩的英雄行为的。)”可知，这本书让作者哭得最厉害，因为主人公成功地处理了失去和改变。故选C。 7．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段“How many times have I been asked whether I believe in magic? On the day I finished The Christmas Pig, for a few shining moments I really did.(有多少次有人问我是否相信魔法？在我完成《圣诞猪》的那一天，有那么几个闪亮的瞬间，我真的做到了。)”可推知，作者想通过她丢失耳环的故事告诉我们，有时书中的魔法也会发生在现实生活中。故选D。 C——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了结核病死灰复燃的原因和艾滋病与结核病之间的关系，并强调了预防和治疗这两种疾病的重要性。 8．D　词义猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“Like every dog, every disease now seems to have its day.(像每只狗一样，每一种疾病现在似乎都有它的一天)”及第二段“Nevertheless, everyone seems to be getting in on the TB­day act this year.(尽管如此，每个人似乎都在参与今年的结核病防治日活动。)”、第三段“The Global Fund, an international organization responsible for fighting all three diseases but best known for its work on AIDS, claims that its anti­TB activities since 2002 have saved the lives of over 1m people.(全球基金是一个国际组织，负责抗击这三种疾病，但最著名的是它在艾滋病方面的工作。该组织声称，自2002年以来，它的抗结核活动挽救了100多万人的生命。)”以及第四段“MDR stands for multi­drug resistance, and it is one of the reasons why TB is back in the spotlight.(MDR代表多药耐药，它是结核病重新成为人们关注焦点的原因之一。)”可推测，文章第一句话的意思是“现在人们又开始重新重视肺结核病了”。故选D。 9．C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Researchers in the field never tire of pointing out that TB kills a lot of people.According to figures released earlier this week by the World Health Organization, 1.6 million people died of the disease in 2005, compared with about 3m for AIDS and 1m for malaria.But it receives only a fraction of the research budget devoted to AIDS.America's National Institutes of Health, for example, spends 20 times as much on AIDS as on TB.(据世界卫生组织本周早些时候公布的数据显示，2005年有160万人死于结核病，相比之下，死于艾滋病的人数约为300万，死于疟疾的人数为100万。但它只获得了用于艾滋病研究预算的一小部分。例如，美国国家卫生研究院在艾滋病上的花费是在结核病上的20倍。)”可推知，在第二段中提到艾滋病，作者想说明当局政府相较于肺结核的研究更重视艾滋病的研究。故选C。 10．A　词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“The other reason TB is back is its relationship to AIDS.AIDS does not kill directly.Rather, HIV weakens the body's immune system and exposes the sufferer to secondary infections.Of these, TB is one of the most serious.Some anti­TB drugs interfere with the effect of some anti­HIV drugs.Conversely, in about 20% of cases where a patient has both diseases, anti­HIV drugs make the tuberculosis worse.(结核病卷土重来的另一个原因是它与艾滋病的关系。艾滋病不会直接致人死亡。相反，HIV会削弱人体的免疫系统，使患者容易继发感染。其中，结核病是最严重的疾病之一。一些抗结核药物会干扰一些抗艾滋病药物的作用。相反，在大约20%的患者同时患有这两种疾病的情况下，抗艾滋病毒药物会使结核病恶化。)”可知，抗艾滋病毒药物会让结核病恶化。而空后“125 years after human beings worked out what caused TB, it is still a serious threat.(在人类发现导致结核病的原因125年后，它仍然是一个严重的威胁。)”则是由于患艾滋病人越来越多，从而导致结核病现在仍然还是个严重的威胁。所以，画线单词的意思和“结果”相似。选项A“consequence (结果)”；选项B“reason(理由)”；选项C“achievement (成就)”；选项D“project (项目)”。故选A。 11．B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Tuberculosis was once terribly fashionable.(结核病曾经非常流行。)”以及文章最后一段“The upshot is that 125 years after human beings worked out what caused TB, it is still a serious threat.(结果是，在人类发现导致结核病的原因125年后，它仍然是一个严重的威胁。)”以及全文内容可知，结核病曾经很猖獗，后来被人类找到了治愈的方法，而这些年由于各种原因，结核病又卷土重来。由此推知，“被遗忘，但没有消失”最接近这篇文章试图告诉我们的信息。故选B。 D——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在工作场所也应该配备急救设备、药物、能施救的人员等，也说明了其重要性。 12．A　段落大意题。根据第二段“When an accident happens, a first­aid programme that meets the requirements of the law and is made to the type and size of the workplace can really make a difference between life and death, or between recovery and lasting disablement (伤残)．(当事故发生时，符合法律要求并针对工作场所的类型和规模制定的急救计划确实可以在生死之间，或在康复和永久残疾之间产生影响。)”可知，这一段主要介绍了适当的工作场所急救计划的重要性。故选A。 13．C　细节理解题。根据第三段二、三句“The emergency notice should show the phone numbers of the closest ambulance service, rescue unit, fire police station, and hospital.The amount of time it takes to look up one of these important numbers can make a big difference to a seriously injured person.(紧急通知应显示最近的救护车服务、救援单位、消防警察局和医院的电话号码。查找这些重要数字所需的时间对严重受伤的人来说会有很大的影响。)”可知，对于受重伤的人而言，尽快拨打急救电话很有必要。故选C。 14．A　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“First­aid equipment and supplies, including a variety of dressings and instruments, as well as an up­to­date first­aid book, should be stored where they can be reached quickly and easily in case of an accident.(急救设备和用品，包括各种敷料和仪器，以及最新的急救手册，应存放在发生事故时可以快速方便地到达的地方。)”可知，急救设备和用品，包括各种敷料和仪器，以及最新的急救手册在工作场所备好，是为了发生事故时，能够快速方便地拿到。故选A。 15．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“All workers should know who is trained to give first aid on­site, where first­aid equipment is put, and what medical professionals or medical instruments should be found if a medical emergency happens.(所有工作人员都应该知道谁受过现场急救培训，急救设备放在哪里，如果发生医疗紧急情况，应该找到什么医疗专业人员或医疗器械。)”可知，作者认为所有工作人员都应该知道谁能够实施急救，急救设备放置位置，以及如果发生医疗紧急情况，应该找到什么医疗专业人员或医疗器械。故选B。 第二节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了虽然大米和小麦是中国最常食用的两种谷物，但一项覆盖中国西北地区10万多人的研究显示，选择大米作为主食可能会降低肥胖的风险。文章解释了研究开展的经过以及建议。 16．C　根据后文“They were divided into three groups according to their weekly rice and wheat intake.(他们根据每周大米和小麦的摄入量被分成三组。)”可知，本句主要是在说明研究进行的过程，C选项中participants对应后文“They”。故C选项“研究人员从35岁到74岁的参与者中收集数据”符合语境，故选C。 17．B　根据后文“When wheat lovers changed their staple food to rice, the participants showed a 36.5 percent lower risk of normal­weight obesity in men and a 20.5 percent lower risk in women.(当爱吃小麦的人把主食换成大米时，男性患正常体重肥胖的风险降低了36.5%，女性患正常体重肥胖的风险降低了20.5%。)”可知，后文提到爱吃小麦的人把主食换成大米，男性和女性的肥胖风险都降低了，说明小麦摄入量与较高的肥胖风险相关。故B选项“较高的小麦摄入量与较高的肥胖风险相关”符合语境，故选B。 18．D　根据上文“Previous studies show that wheat protein promoted weight gain by reducing heat production and energy consumption, while rice protein shows the potential for anti­obesity effects.(先前的研究表明，小麦蛋白通过减少热量产生和能量消耗来促进体重增加，而大米蛋白则显示出抗肥胖的潜在作用。)”以及后文“So it leads to a higher energy density of wheat than rice.(因此，小麦的能量密度比大米高。)”可知，本句是在说明“小麦的能量密度比大米高”的原因：小麦在烹饪时比大米吸收的水分少。故D选项“此外，小麦在烹饪时比大米吸收的水分少”符合语境，故选D。 19．E　根据上文“According to the Chinese Food Composition Table, the energy content of noodles or steamed bread is three times that of cooked rice of the same weight.(根据《中国食物成分表》，面条或馒头的能量含量是同等重量的米饭的三倍。)”以及后文“Wheat lovers tend to eat large bowls of noodles with fewer vegetables or less meat, and sometimes even with a large amount of oil.(爱吃小麦的人往往吃大碗的面条，蔬菜少，肉少，有时甚至加大量的油。)”可知，后文提到了爱吃小麦的人应该吃什么，故本句是在说明爱吃米饭的人应该补充哪类食物。故E选项“与此同时，爱吃米饭的人经常在他们的饮食中加入更多的蔬菜和肉类”符合语境，故选E。 20．G　根据上文“The researchers concluded rice preference could be associated with lower risks of fatness.They also noted that given the vast land and diverse ethnic groups present in Northwest China, the reasons above do not prove everything.(研究人员得出结论，偏爱大米可能与较低的肥胖风险有关。他们还指出，鉴于中国西北地区幅员辽阔、民族多样，上述理由并不能证明一切。)”可知，上文提到了上述理由并不能证明一切，说明还需要进一步研究。故G选项“需要进一步的研究来充分理解所观察到的联系背后隐藏的原因”符合语境，故选G。 第二部分 第一节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇记叙文。作者之前一直认为自己太忙，导致无法花费太多的时间、金钱和精力为社区作出贡献。但是后来通过“日行一善”的计划，作者和女儿帮助了别人，也改变了自己的想法。 21．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很长一段时间里我也认为如果要真正改变现状，需要花费太多的时间、金钱和精力。A.energy精力；B.space空间；C.wisdom智慧；D.salary 薪水。并列连词and 前后连接的名词含义应保持一致，所以空处应与“time”和“money”意思相近，所以选项A符合题意，且呼应前文的“busy”。故选A。 22．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我开始我的“日行一善”计划时，一切都改变了。A.stopped停止；B.started开始；C.forgot忘记；D.remembered记得。根据前文可知，作者之前认为我们平时太忙，忙到没时间和精力去为社区做事情，这种想法在作者“开始”实行“日行一善”计划后改变了。故选B。 23．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的女儿Emily是我最初的灵感来源。A.donation捐赠；B.expectation期待；C.celebration庆祝；D.inspiration 激励，灵感。根据后文“I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.(我想让她知道，我们可以做一些小事来帮助别人，并且开心)”可知，作者想让女儿知道做小事情可以帮助他人，自己也会快乐，这是作者做“一日善举”计划的起因，所以女儿是作者做事情最初的“灵感”。故选D。 24．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一周我并不确定我是否能够成功。A.get得到；B.manage管理，设法做成；C.put放；D.appreciate感激，欣赏。本句话中代词it 指代前文的“good­deed­a­day project”，所以作者不确定自己能否“成功”实施这个计划。故选B。 25．C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我在地铁站给一个盲人当向导。A.watched观看；B.waited 等待；C.guided指引，带领；D.ordered命令，点单。根据后文“He smiled as he thanked me.”提示盲人感谢了作者，说明作者在地铁站帮助了盲人，应该是给盲人当向导了。故选C。 26．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一天，我把花园里的花送到了当地的一家养老院……我只希望我能唤起别人的意识。A.interest兴趣；B.mercy 怜悯；C.awareness意识；D.praise赞赏。根据前文语义，作者目前每天都在做好事，她也同时希望自己的举动能够唤醒他人去做善事的“意识”，去帮助他人。故选C。 27．B　考查名词词义辨析。我知道我产生了影响。A.discovery发现；B.difference区别；C.mistake错误；D.fortune运气。根据前文关键词“easier”可知，作者发现实施的效果比想象的还要容易，说明结果是好的，产生了积极的影响，make a difference 表示“有影响，起作用”。与上文第一段中“For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and __21__ to make a real difference.”作者曾经认为产生影响很难形成对比，故选B。 28．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上吃饭时，我都向Emily描述那天我做的好事。A.reminded 使想起；B.pointed指出；C.recalled回忆；D.described描述。根据空后动词“copying”可知，作者先要告诉女儿自己做了什么，女儿才能进行模仿。故选D。 29．A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在放学回家的路上，女儿走到邻居家前，扶正了那盆被风刮倒了的天竺葵。A.set right修正，校正；B.set up建立；C.set out 出发，动身；D.set aside省出，抽出。根据下一句“That was my good deed for the day！(这是我今天做的好事！)”可知，Emily扶正了那盆被风刮倒了的天竺葵。故选A。 30．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一天，她帮我从邻居那里为食品银行募集捐赠。A.money金钱；B.vegetables蔬菜；C.donations捐赠；D.clothes 衣服。根据后文提示词“food bank”，可知，空处和“捐赠”有关。故选C。 31．D　考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们放下食物开车离开时，Emily骄傲地宣布，她希望有一天能在那里工作。A.before在……之前；B.since自从；C.until直到；D.as当……时候。根据前后文语义，忙完捐赠之后，女儿是在作者开车路上的时候告诉我她希望有一天在食品银行工作。所以空处缺连词as，引导时间状语从句。故选D。 32．A　考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们放下食物开车离开时，Emily骄傲地宣布，她希望有一天能在那里工作。A.proudly自豪地；B.eagerly渴望地；C.anxiously焦虑地；D.casually随机地。根据后文“she wanted to work there one day”可知，Emily是喜欢在食品银行工作的，所以空处为积极的感情色彩。结合前文可知，对自己做好事，Emily感到自豪。故选A。 33．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我并不完全相信我能每天都做一件好事。A.concerned关心；B.convinced相信，信服；C.expected期待，预料；D.persuade说服。根据前文“By the last week, I knew I'd changed.”可知，作者到上周的时候知道自己改变了。空处所在的句子是过去完成时，发生在“知道自己改变”之前，所以在此之前，作者是“不知道/不相信”自己会每天做好事，呼应前文“The first week, I wasn't sure if I could __24__ it.”。故选B。 34．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在日行一善几乎成了第二天性。A.scene场景；B.language语言；C.nature天性，本质；D.skill技巧。根据后文提示词“responsibility”，作者认为做好事已经是自己的职责了，所以日行一善这件事几乎成为自己内在的天性了。故选C。 35．D　考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我看到需要的时候，我觉得有更大的责任去采取行动，而不是视而不见。A.by means of通过……方法；B.regardless of不管；C.as well as和；D.instead of而不是。根据前文可知，作者主张日行一善的，所以空处表示“而不是”的含义，采取行动帮助他人“而不是”视而不见。故选D。 第二节 [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。在这个瞬息万变的世界里，保持终身学习非常重要，文章对其重要性和方法策略进行了介绍。 36．environments　考查可数名词的单复数。句意：随着你生活的进步，你可能会在新的环境中学习和工作。environment意为“环境”，此处为可数名词，所以应用复数形式表示泛指。故填environments。 37．will be exposed　考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意：因此，你会接触到新的想法、信仰、实践和学习经验。根据后文“You may one day do jobs that do not yet exist(也许有一天你会从事现在还不存在的工作)”可知，此处描述将来的事情，所以应用一般将来时。be exposed to意为“接触到”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用被动语态。故填will be exposed。 38．developed　考查过去分词。句意：也许有一天，你会做一些还不存在的工作，使用尚未开发的技术，解决尚未成为问题的问题！动词develop意为“开发”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语technologies构成被动关系，且是指动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填developed。 39．but　考查连词。句意：这并不意味着没有必要在学校学习，而是要承认终身学习是有益的。not...but意为“不是……而是”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用连词but。故填but。 40．blindly　考查副词。句意：同时，培养批判性思维能力，不要盲目接受新想法。修饰动词应用副词blindly表示“盲目地”作状语。故填blindly。 41．to　考查介词。句意：你可以订阅电子学习课程。subscribe to意为“订阅”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用介词to。故填to。 42．the　考查冠词。句意：你也可以去当地的图书馆。此处特指当地的图书馆，所以应用定冠词the。故填the。 43．to have　考查动词不定式。句意：最后，要明白，仅仅知道一些东西或理解你所知道的东西是不够的，因为知识要有具体的价值，必须加以应用。根据“it must be applied”可知，此处是指为了让知识有具体的价值，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to have。 44．analysis　考查名词。句意：重要的是，在应用它之后，你必须进行一个分析、评价和改进的回顾过程，这使你对世界的理解成为一个持续的过程。根据“a review process of ”可知，此处是指一个分析、评价和改进的回顾过程，所以应用名词analysis表示“分析”作宾语。故填analysis。 45．which　考查定语从句。句意：重要的是，在应用它之后，你必须进行一个分析、评价和改进的回顾过程，这使你对世界的理解成为一个持续的过程。非限制性定语从句缺少主语，且先行词为a review process，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。 第三部分 第一节 [参考范文] Dear_Sir_or_Madam， I'm Li Hua, a senior two student.The moment I saw your poster asking for volunteers, I knew I should have a try. I'm confident that I am a right person for the job.On the one hand, I've been learning English for 10 years, and I am fluent in English.On the other hand, I am outgoing, which will enable me to get along well with others.Most importantly, I have a rich knowledge of Chinese tea culture so that I will have the ability to give them a vivid introduction of tea culture and teach them how to make tea.I hope I will be accepted as a member of your volunteers. Looking forward to your reply! Yours， Li_Hua 第二节 [参考范文] It seemed as if Robert would be dying.Just at that moment, Henry happened to be passing by.Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation.He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time.By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore. Thus, Robert's life was saved.Robert and his new friends were ashamed of having called Henry a coward.They realized that Henry had true courage.They said sorry to Henry for their rude behaviour and asked for forgiveness.Henry forgave them happily.He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual.From this, Robert learned what true courage was—never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$