训练(4) Unit 3 Careers and skills-2024年高二英语暑假作业（江苏专版）

训练(四)　Unit 3　Careers and skills Ⅰ.标记熟悉单词，回查陌生单词 □salary n．　　　　　□labour n．&vi. □attain vt. □passion n. □refreshed adj. □anticipate vt. □superior adj.&n. □prejudice n. □lawyer n. □servant n. □consultant n. □receptionist n. □respective adj. □rude adj. □hire vi.&vt.&n. □operate vt.&vi. □leadership n. □receipt n. □commercial adj. □loan n．&vt. □budget n. □client n. □detective n. □subjective adj. □directory n. □plug vt.&n. □premier adj.&n. □fabric n. □qualification n. □swing vi.&vt.&n. □label n．&vt. □candidate n. □applicant n. □profile n．&vt. □shave n．&vi.&vt. □justify vt. □relevant adj. □genuine adj. □seize vt. □rainbow n. □temporary adj. □tournament n. □weekly adj.&adv.&n. □monthly adj.&adv.&n. Ⅱ.典题展示 假定下周一你将在班会上跟同学们分享毕业后想从事的职业。请就此写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1．你未来想从事的职业； 2．选择从事此职业的原因； 3．你采取的行动。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [佳作品读] Hello, classmates! I'm glad to share my future career with you. Honestly speaking, I'm fond of English and have a passion for becoming a teacher after graduation.However, I would rather choose to be a lawyer despite the fact that my parents have prejudice against the job.What strikes me most is that through the job I will step out of my comfort zone and that justice will be maintained as a result of my work. To attain my goal, I often read Law Weekly, learning some legal knowledge.I firmly believe I will become an excellent lawyer. Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Relatively speaking, these jobs provide good________ (salary)which attract many university graduates. 2．They are_________(endeavor) to protect trade union rights. 3．It's unfair, and it's against the rules of the company.I'm going to complain to your ________(super)． 4．Few people will admit to being racially ________(prejudice)． 5．My father was a _________(law)but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life. 6．He was willing to make himself a ______(serve) of his art. 7．The company plans to hire more ________(consult) for good development. 8．They represent the country's culture, humanity, nature and technology ______(respect)． 9．We have no idea when this new machine will be put into _________(operate)． 10．Under the ________(leader) of Chinese Communist Party, we are building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Ⅱ.短语填空 earn a living；by no means；take pride in；be engaged in；be fond of；add to；contribute to；be superior to；have prejudice against；for the benefit of 1．With a good command of English and computer skills she __________other candidates. 2．Paul ______________________Chinese culture, so he determined to settle in China. 3．It is necessary to have enough rest ____________________your health. 4．It's all your fault.A two­year­old should __________________be left alone at home. 5．He is always proud of his excellent spoken English while his sister __________________________her maths. 6．They ____________________as divers. 7．Cindy slid out of the room through the back door while all ____________their work. 8．He attempted to help us，but in fact his coming would ____________________our difficulty. 9．People shouldn't __________________females working in computer science. 10．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely __________________fewer injuries. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．如果现在有地图，我们能很容易地走出森林。 If____________________________， we could easily get out of the forest. 2．我现在很少锻炼，但我上初中时的确喜欢踢足球。 I don't take much exercise now, __________________________when I was in junior high. 3．有了智能手机，我们无论在哪儿都可以和别人保持联系。 With smart phones, we can__________________________________． 4．她承认自己编造了一个故事来解释她迟到的原因。 She admitted having made up a story to explain the_________________________． 5．为了更方便地联系我们，你最好随身带着这张卡片。 ________________， you'd better keep this card at hand. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A We started in 1993 with a simple idea that people could help each other by sharing stories about their lives.For years people had told our founders, motivational speakers Jack and Mark, inspiring stories about themselves.Jack and Mark included these stories in their talks, and their audience repeatedly asked if they had ever been published.“That story about the boy and the puppy—is that in a book anywhere？” A parent asked Jack.“That story about the boy with the amputated (截肢) leg who became a tennis star, I need to read that to my staff，” a manager told him.Jack was asked repeatedly, “Is that story in a book anywhere？” Eventually, Jack and Mark decided their audience must be on to something, so they collected the best 101 stories they'd been told in a book.They called it Chicken Soup for the Soul because they wanted it to provide comfort, just like their grandmothers' cooking. They took the book to New York, hoping to sell it to one of the big publishers, but every single one turned them down.The project appeared to have stalled until they met Peter Vegso, the owner of a small health and wellness publisher in Florida named HCI.Peter read some of the stories and loved them, so he decided to give the book a chance, becoming Chicken Soup for the Soul's founding publisher. Never, in Jack and Mark's wildest dreams, had they imagined what the book would become.Chicken Soup for the Soul turned into one of the most popular books ever published, selling 11 million copies around the world.Readers asked for more stories so we published a “second helping” of Chicken Soup for the Soul and a third after that.Today, we've published more than 250 books, which have become the best­selling trade paperback book series of all time. 1．What drove Jack and Mark to publish these inspiring stories? A．The rich source of good stories. B．The good chance to be famous. C．The benefits from the book. D．The demand of the audience. 2．How did the title of the book come from? A．The way of cooking. B．The taste of the chicken. C．The purpose of the book. D．The experiences of children. 3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stalled” in paragraph 3? A．Stopped.　　　　B．Explained. C．Succeeded.　 D．Progressed. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The wildest dreams of two people. B．An unexpected success of a book. C．An introduction to a publisher. D．People who buy a best seller. B To encourage all students to get an education, even if their parents can't afford it, a primary school in the Indian state of Chahattisgarh is asking parents to simply plant saplings(树苗) instead of paying school fees.The parents have to take care of the sapling and plant a new one if it dies.Compared with the cost of traditional school fees, it's a small price to pay.And it comes with the added bonus of helping improve local air quality. The school is Shiksha Kuteer in the city of Ambikapur in the east of the country.It is reported that at least 35 students between the ages of five and six are studying there.The initiative was set up by a group of local professionals and business owners in response to India's rapidly increasing education fees.“Shiksha Kuteer has opened in the village for students who have no money to pay fees，” local villager Sevak Das said. The government now spends just 3.9 percent of its budget on education, which means parents are left to pay for high school fees, as well as paying for books and other school things.A national survey made last year showed that between 2011 and 2017, private expenditure (支出) increased by 175 percent to ￡100 per student each year.That might not sound like a lot, but for many families, particularly in poor areas, it's not affordable, especially at the primary school level.The lack of government spending is damaging the education system, too.The 2017 Annual Status of Education report found that nearly 20 percent of Grade 2 students, aged seven to eight, didn't recognize the numbers between one and nine. But by offering such a way to get students into schools, Shiksha Kuteer is encouraging education in everyone.700 saplings have been planted across the village over the last year and more and more people in other areas would like to adopt such an approach. 5．Which of the following can best describe Shiksha Kuteer's approach? A．No pains, no gains. B．Kill two birds with one stone. C．Two heads are better than one. D．There are two sides to every question. 6．What can we learn about Shiksha Kuteer? A．It is surrounded by trees. B．It is run by the locals. C．It was set up for poor children. D．It aims to protect the environment. 7．What is the locals' attitude towards Shiksha Kuteer? A．Cautious. B．Doubtful. C．Uncaring. D．Positive. 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A．The affordable way to encourage education in India. B．The heavy financial burden on parents in India. C．The big challenges of improving India's education system. D．The effects of the Indian government spending little on education. C The British may be made fun of for their weather­related small talk, but a recent study suggests that just four minutes of chatting can reveal aspects of our personality and influence subsequent social interactions. Researchers divided 338 participants into two groups before meeting in person and asked each participant to complete a personality and IQ test.Within each group, participants were paired and either conversed by text for 4 minutes or had no contact with their partner.Participants were then required to infer aspects of their partner's personality and predict whether they would act cooperatively or selfishly in two money­based strategy games. The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses, but were also more likely to project their own personality characteristics on to their partners.“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to，” says Professor Sgroi. Participants then met and played with their conversation partner or, in the case of the no­contact group, met and played with strangers. The researchers then gave each participant ￡20 and asked them to contribute to a joint pot (罐) shared with their partners, an experiment called the Public Goods Game. The team says people who have chatted with their partners are more likely to correctly predict their contributions to the pot.In addition, those who chatted beforehand contributed 30% more than those who did not.The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk. Georgie Nightingall, founder of Trigger Conversations, says that small talk is a great way to encourage cooperation in the workplace.“People are bad at small talk because it feels like there is no end to it.It can feel awkward and pointless once you have all the information you need.While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others.My advice is to be sincere (真诚) and considerate.” 9．What does the underlined word “reveal” mean in paragraph 1? A．Contribute to. B．Give away. C．Limit. D．Change. 10．What helps conversation partners predict their contributions correctly? A．Their common interests and hobbies. B．The differences of their personalities. C．The accurate judgments of each other's IQ. D．Their previous impressions and connections. 11．What does Nightingall suggest we do to inspire others to communicate with us? A．Avoid asking them questions. B．Share our personal privacy. C．Show genuine concern for them. D．Start with our strengths and virtues. 12．What's the purpose of this text? A．To present a research outcome. B．To describe a cultural phenomenon. C．To assess British people's social skills. D．To motivate people to interact by texting. Ⅱ.七选五 Perhaps you've stopped doing what you want because you're afraid of what others think of you.You feel that you must do what they expect and that you must meet their expectations, otherwise you'll lose their approval.__1__Then, you'll be able to do what you want freely. Think about yourself, about what you really like and are interested in.You must lead your life independently.__2__However, you might feel afraid to do it because you've always done everything to gain the approval of others.You need to get out of that zone, move to new places, and explore your full potential. By surrounding yourself with people who think like you, you'll realize that you don't feel judged.Then, you'll start doing what you really want.__3__Your new friends will integrate into your life and you'll also keep your genuine friends.On the other hand, those who are always ready to see the negative and question what you're trying to do will drift away. To overcome your fear of what others think and of their non­approval, you should start talking about your plans.For instance, you might want to tell a handful of friends about your wishes and dreams.__4__You'll feel confident in yourself and you'll be able to go on your new path without any fear. It's unavoidable that not everything will be plain sailing, and you'll find obstacles along your way.__5__People in your environment often don't understand what you do no matter how much you explain it, so ignore them. A．There is no need to think about what you want. B．You don't have to change your circle of friends. C．Your life belongs to you, as well as your actions. D．If this is the case, it's time to start working on your self­esteem. E．By talking to them, you'll be able to organize your plans and ideas. F．You must do what you want without being affected by what others think. G．However, you must trust in yourself and seek the necessary strength to move forward. 情感描写之“生气”和“愤怒” ★素材积累 形容词/副词 angry, annoyed, annoying, angrily 名词/动词 anger, annoyance, rage 固定短语 1 tremble with anger 气得发抖 2 a burst of anger 一股怒火 3 flush with anger 气红了脸 4 get mad/cross at sb 生某人的气 5 to one's annoyance 令某人生气的是 6 in anger 愤怒地 ★语段写作 第一步　完成句子 1．汤姆最近的行为总让史密斯老师火冒三丈。 Tom's recent behaviour would always ____________________________．(名词) 2．史密斯老师发现他的作业又没做完，愤怒地大叫了一声，眼里闪着恼怒的光。 Finding his homework was unfinished again, ____________________________， __________________________________．(名词＋with复合结构) 3．史密斯老师的耐心被消磨光了，给汤姆的父亲打电话愤怒地抱怨。 Mr. Smith, whose patience had worn thin, ____________________________．(副词) 4．当汤姆的父亲得知他的儿子表现如此差时，他无法控制自己的愤怒，转身怒视着汤姆：“你最好解释一下到底怎么回事！” Learning his son had been so badly­behaved, ______________________________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！”(形容词＋动作描写) 5．汤姆垂头不语，这使他皱起眉头，气得拉长了脸。 Tom hung his head and said nothing，________________________．He ____________________________．(非限制性定语从句＋面部表情描写) 6．他无法控制自己的愤怒，气得冲出房间，摔门而去。 __________________________________， he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him.(形容词短语作状语) 第二步　将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案 训练(四)　Unit 3　Careers and skills [能力提升] Ⅰ.1.salaries 　2.endeavoring　3.superior(s) 4．prejudiced　5.lawyer　6.servant　7.consultants 8．respectively　9.operation　10.leadership Ⅱ.1.is superior to　2.was fond of　3.for the benefit of　4.by no means　5.takes pride in 6．earn a living　7.were engaged in　8.add to 9．have prejudice against　10.contributing to Ⅲ.1.we had a map now　2.but I did like playing football　3.keep in touch with others wherever we are　4.reason why she was late　5.To make it easier to get in touch with us [知能演练] Ⅰ.A——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Jack和Mark在演讲中使用的现实生活中真实的故事深受听众喜欢，他们纷纷询问在哪本书上能读到这些故事。最终，《心灵鸡汤》系列丛书诞生了。 1．D　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，听众反复追问哪里能读到这些故事或这些故事有没有出版。再根据第二段可知，正是听众的需要促使Jack和Mark有了出版书的想法。 2．C　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，他们希望这本书能够给人们带来安慰，由此得出此书名。因此，C项正确。 3．A　词义猜测题。上文提到大出版商都拒绝出版此书，由此可知，出书的事似乎是停滞不前的，直到他们遇到Peter。因此，stopped可以代替画线词。 4．B　主旨大意题。根据本段的第一句及后面的内容可知，Jack和Mark做梦也没想到这本书会这么火爆，这是一个意想不到的成功。 B——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。学费太高，孩子上不起学怎么办？印度一所小学有妙招。为了让学生上得起学，印度一所小学要求家长种树来抵学费。这一举措既促进了全民教育，也保护了环境，可谓一举两得。 5．B　推理判断题。由首段知，Shiksha Kuteer让家长种树抵学费的做法不仅能鼓励学生接受教育(encourage all students to get an education)，而且有助于改善当地的空气质量(helping improve local air quality)，可谓一举两得。 6．C　细节理解题。由第二段末句中“Shiksha Kuteer has opened...for students who have no money to pay fees”可知，该校为贫困生而办。 7．D　推理判断题。由首段知，Shiksha Kuteer的做法能为贫困家庭减负，促进全民教育，而且有助于保护环境，这是一件两全其美的好事。再结合文章最后一句可推知，Shiksha Kuteer的倡议受到了人们的积极响应，广受好评。 8．A　主旨大意题。文章开篇点题：为鼓励更多学生接受教育，印度一所小学倡议家长种树抵交学费；第二段介绍了这所学校的情况；第三段讲了印度的教育现状，间接说明这所小学所采取举措的可行性及惠民性；最后一段讲了这一举措受到了人们的热捧。综上可知，本文围绕该倡议展开。 C——[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，专家由此建议我们在谈话中表现出真诚和体贴的特质。 9．B　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners' IQ and personality test responses(结果显示，那些聊天的人在预测对方的智商和性格测试结果方面得分更高)”和“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to(我们的研究表明，在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们就开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型)”可知，一项研究结果表明，通过四分钟闲聊，我们的性格就会透露出来，被交谈的另一方知晓。因此reveal意为“透露，揭示”，与give away意思相近。故选B。 10．D　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk, we begin to form a mental model of the person we're talking to(我们的研究表明，在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们就开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型)”和倒数第二段中“The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.(结果还取决于他们通过闲聊建立的关系。)”可知，通过对话，我们得以了解对方的性格等心理特质，并建立了一定的关系，从而可以比较准确地预测对方的行为。由此推断，对话中建立的印象和联系帮助预测得更为准确，A项“共同的兴趣和爱好”文中未提及，B项“性格的不同”也未提及，C项“对于彼此智商的准确判断”也是对话的结果，与预测捐款这样的社会性行为无关。故选D。 11．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“While asking questions helps build relationships with people, people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others.My advice is to be sincere and considerate.(虽然问问题有助于与人建立关系，但如果你表现出关心他人，人们会很乐意和你聊天。我的建议是要真诚和体贴。)”可知，Nightingall建议通过做到真诚和体贴来与他人建立良好的关系。故选C。 12．A　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，具体陈述了研究的对象、过程和数据来解释这一研究结果。因此，A项“呈现一项研究结果”符合文章的目的。故选A。 Ⅱ.[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。生活中，很多人为了迎合、顾虑他人的感受而没法按照自己的想法生活。你是否也是如此呢？本文介绍了几条勇敢做自己的建议。 1．D　上文讲到不能做自己，下一句提到能做自己，故前后是转折关系。空处应承上启下。D项中，“If this is the case.”与上文呼应，“it's time to start working on your self­esteem”引起下文。 2．F　上一句提到独立，也就是不受别人影响。F项符合语境。 3．B　本段关键词是friends，围绕交友展开。B项“你不必改变你的朋友圈。”符合语境，同时与下一句衔接自然。 4．E　本段强调大胆说出自己的想法、计划等。上一句举例说明要跟朋友说出自己的愿望、梦想。E项点明这样做的好处。 5．G　上一句提到人生并非坦途，空处应该点明应该怎么做。G项符合语境，与上下文衔接自然。 [续写提能]——语段写作 第一步 1．make Mr. Smith burst into anger/burn with anger/explode with anger 2．Mr. Smith let out a cry of anger with his eyes shining with annoyance 3．called Tom's father to complain angrily 4．Tom's father felt so angry that he turned around and glared at Tom 5．which made him frown pulled a long face in anger 6．Unable to contain his anger 第二步 Tom's recent behaviour would always make Mr. Smith burst into anger.Finding his homework was unfinished again, Mr. Smith let out a cry of anger, with his eyes shining with annoyance.Mr. Smith, whose patience had worn thin, called Tom's father to complain angrily.Learning his son had been so badly­behaved, Tom's father felt so angry that he turned around and glared at Tom，“You'd better explain what's going on！” However, Tom hung his head and said nothing, which made him frown.He pulled a long face in anger.Eventually, unable to contain his anger, he stormed out of the room, slamming the door furiously behind him. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$