Unit 2 Let's talk teens【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高一英语单元速记•巧练（译林版2020必修第一册）

Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 【速记清单】 单元重点单词短语句型语法 考点词汇 1. battle n. ＆ vt. ＆ vi. 争论；战斗，搏斗;斗争 battle with 与……抗争 She’s battling with her conscience over whether to tell the police what she saw. 她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。 2. see eye to eye with sb (on sth)/ agree with sb.on sth.(在某事上)与某人看法一致 I don’t think that he sees eye to eye / agree with us on that argument. 我认为他在那个论点上和我们意见不一致。 3. tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的 Facing the tense atmosphere, I wanted to scream, for the tension became unbearable. 面对这紧张的气氛，我真想尖叫，因为这种紧张已经无法忍受了。 4. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 (1)be anxious for/about 担心/渴望…… be anxious to do...渴望做…… be anxious that ...(should) do... 渴望…… (2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 with anxiety 焦急地 (3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地 [名师点津]　(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时，则为可数名词。 (2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时，其后通常跟不定式或“for＋名词”作定语。 It’s natural for parents to be anxious about their children’s future. However, they are anxious to see the progress their children can make, so they are always pushing them too hard anxiously/with anxiety. I think parents should learn to turn their attention away from their kids, thus relieving their own anxiety and leaving their children enough space to develop. 父母为孩子的未来担心这很自然。然而,他们急于看到孩子所能取得的进步,因此总是焦虑地逼迫孩子。我认为,父母应该学会将自己的注意力从孩子身上转移,这样既能缓解自己的焦虑又能给孩子留足够的发展空间。 5. rate n. 速度；率vi. ＆ vt. 评价，评估 at… rate 以……速度 1)It is not surprising that children learn to read at different rates. 孩子们学习阅读的速度不同，这并不奇怪。 2)We should make the most of our teaching facilities to explore their inner world and rate their academic performance. 我们应该充分利用我们的教学设施来探索他们的内心世界，并评估他们的学习成绩。 6. shoot vi. ＆ vt. (shot，shot)(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿 With the number of homecoming overseas students shooting up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded. 近年来，随着归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐消退。 7. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 (1)on the spot 当场；在现场；立即 (2)spot sb.doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 spot sb.from/in... 从……中辨认出某人 be spotted with 满是……的斑点；散布；点缀 (3)spotless adj. 没有斑点的；干净的 [名师点津]　spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。 I finally spotted my friend in the crowd, who wore a white dress with pink spots. 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友，她穿着粉点白底的裙子。 8. target n. (攻击的)目标，对象；靶子vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向 on target 有可能实现目标; 切中要害 The company says that growth of 10% is on target. 公司声称, 10%的增长有望实现。 9.anger n. 怒气，怒火 angry adj.发怒的，生气的 be angry with sb. for sth. 因……与某人生气 with/ in anger/ angrily adv.生气地，气愤地 1)Her mother hardly ever shouted at her in/with anger. 她的母亲几乎从来不怒气冲冲地对她喊叫。 2)Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger, because saying something angrily can make them comfortable. 愤怒的顾客经常抱怨来发泄他们的愤怒，因为愤怒地说些什么可以让他们感到舒服。 10. mental adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的 Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他表现出的精神力量使他与众不同。 11. desire n. ＆ vt. 渴望，希望 (1)have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事 at one's desire 应某人的希望/要求 (2)desire sth. 渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that sb.(should)do 渴望/要求某人…… 1)Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. 即便如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给世界留下了深刻的印象。 2)The public desired that the result (should) be made in public. 公众希望把结果公布于众。 12. struggle vi. ＆ n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 struggle with/against与……作斗争 struggle for为……而斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 1)We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。 2)The two boxers struggled with/against each other and the referee separated them. 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。 13. rough adj. 艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的 14. breakdown n. (关系)破裂；故障 15. regular adj. 频繁的；有规律的 regularly adv. 频繁地，有规律地 1)The important part of regular family dinners together is to exchange ideas and find out what is going on. 定期家庭聚餐的重要部分是交换意见，了解发生了什么。 2)Weigh yourself regularly and you may well start to lose weight. 定期称体重，你就可以开始减肥了。 16. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静adj. 镇静的，沉着的 (1)calm down 平静，镇静，安静 keep/remain calm 保持冷静 (2)calmly adv.冷静地；平静地 17. view n. 看法；视线；景色vt. 把……视为；观看 (1)have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/观看 in one's view/opinion 在某人看来 from one's point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发 point of view 观点；态度 in view of 由于；鉴于；考虑到 out of view 看不见；在视野之外 come into view 进入视野；被看见 (2)view...as... 把……看作…… 1)From my point of view, students should spend less time on computer games or the Internet. 依我看，学生应该少花些时间在电脑游戏或网络上。 2)In my view, the film isn't interesting at all. 在我看来，这部电影一点意思也没有。 3)He is honest and helpful and we all view him as our friend. 他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是我们的朋友。 18. think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 I need an opportunity to calm down and think through everything. 我需要一个机会冷静下来，把事情想清楚。 19. concern n. 担心，忧虑；关心vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心 (2)concern oneself about 对……表示关心/担心 (3)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的；相关的 be concerned about/for 担心……；关心…… be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 as far as... be concerned 就……而言；依……之见 (4)concerning prep.有关；关于 [名师点津](1)concern用作名词，表示“关怀；关心”时是不可数名词，而表示“对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事”时是可数名词。(2)concerned是形容词，用作前置定语时，意思是“关心的；挂念的；担心的”；用作后置定语时，意为“有关的；涉及的”。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authority concerned有关当局。 1)Our parents are concerned about our life and study. As far as I'm concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns. 我们的父母关心我们的生活和学习。就我而言，我们应该和他们谈谈，告诉他们我们的担忧。 2)As far as I am concerned, some other plans may work better. 对我来说，别的计划可能会更管用。 3)The police couldn't prove he was concerned with the crime, so they had to set him free. 警方无法证明他与该罪行有关，因此只好把他释放了。 20. back down承认错误，认输 He refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on doing scientific research. 他拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续从事科学研究。 21. normal adj. 正常的，一般的n. 常态，通常标准 1)The situation has returned to normal here. 这儿的形势已恢复正常。 2)It’s normal to feel nervous before an exam. 考试之前觉得紧张是正常的。 3)They thought that his behaviour was abnormal. 他们认为他的行为反常。 22. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调vt. 强调，着重 (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.强调/重视…… under stress 在压力下 under the stress of 为……所迫 (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 He stressed the importance of studying hard. / He put stress on studying hard. 他强调了努力学习的重要性。 After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. 经过一周紧张的工作，所有的员工都非常紧张和疲惫。他们抱怨说，很少有人能在压力下高效地工作。 23. editor n. 主编，编辑；剪辑师 edition n. 版本 edit v. 编辑 Before printing the early edition of the newspaper, these editors have edited the articles in it. 在印刷报纸的早期版本之前，这些编辑已经编辑了上面的文章。 24. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术 (1)design...for... 为……而设计…… be designed for/to do 计划做；打算用来做 be designed as 被设置为…… (2)by design 蓄意地，故意地 1)I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous designer. 我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名设计师设计的。 2)The subway was designed to relieve traffic jam. 这条地铁是为缓解交通拥挤而设计的。 25. forum n. 论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所 26. expert n. 专家，行家adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的 When we describe a person with the green fingers, we mean that he is expert in agriculture. 当我们形容一个人有绿色的手指时，我们的意思是他是农业专家。 27. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的 It is likely＋thatclause可能会…… sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事 [名师点津]likely的比较级和最高级为more likely， most likely或likelier， likeliest；反义词是unlikely。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family, it is more likely that you develop the ability to get on well with others. 如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。 28. unique adj. 独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的 I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, one especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。 29.passive adj. 消极的，被动的 30. performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行 I have affection for the amusing performance, performed by Samuel, an American jazz performer. 我很喜欢美国爵士表演者塞缪尔表演的有趣的表演。 31. cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 (1)cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来 cheer for 为……而欢呼 cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 (2)Cheers！[口语](用于祝酒)干杯！ (3)cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 Cheer up! Everybody may have periods in their lives when everything seems tough. 振作起来!每个人在生活中都可能有一段时期，一切似乎都很艰难。 32. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界 pressure n. 压力 33. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的 (1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，热心做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 be eager that ...(should...) 渴望……(从句用虚拟语气) (2)eagerness n. 热心，渴望 eagerly adv.急切地；渴望地；热心地 [名师点津]　表达“渴望做某事”的短语还有： ①be anxious to do sth. ②be dying to do sth. ③be keen to do sth. ④long to do sth. 1)The students couldn’t hide their eagerness to get back home. They were eager to know when they can go home. 学生们无法掩饰他们想回家的渴望。他们急切地想知道他们什么时候可以回家。 2)Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 我们急切地围在桌子周围。我取下一个盒子，小心地放在妈妈面前。 34. adventure n. 冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative in their career. 许多教师希望在他们的职业生涯中更具冒险精神和创造性。 35. be on sb's back about sth 缠磨，烦扰 36. flexible adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 37. account n. 账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 (1)on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不 give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 take sth. into account ＝take sth. into consideration ＝take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑 (2)account for 解释，说明；占……(比例) [名师点津] on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有by no means， in no way， on no condition， under no circumstances， in no case， at no time等。 38. rent n. 租金vi. ＆ vt. 租用；出租 (1)pay the rent 付租金  for rent 出租, 招租 (2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth. (out)to sb. 出租某物给某人 (3)rented adj. 租用的, 租借的 1)He was not sure whether he could get a job in time to pay the rent. 他不确定是否能及时找到工作来付房租。 2) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture. 1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租下了这所房子，卖掉了大部分家具。 39. secure adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的 At last, he got a good job and felt secure about the future. 最后，他找到了一份好工作，对未来感到放心。 40. graduate vi. ＆ vt. 毕业n. 毕业生 graduate from. . . 毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 graduation n. 毕业 My cousin is a graduate in physics, who graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company since graduation. 我表哥是北京大学物理系的毕业生。自从毕业以来，他一直在一家著名公司工作。 41. gather vi. 聚集，集合vt. 收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 If you have gathered and restored some information on the Internet, you can draw it out of the computer. 如果你在互联网上收集并恢复了一些信息，你可以把它从电脑中取出来。 42. emergency n. 突发事件，紧急情况 Emergency workers who stayed during the hurricane deserve our gratitude. 在飓风期间留下来的急救人员值得我们感谢。 43. volunteer vt. & vi. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做n. 志愿者 (1)volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事  (2)voluntary adj.自愿的 1)The girl replaced her brother as a volunteer to serve the sports event. 女孩代替哥哥成为志愿者服务于这项体育赛事。 2)A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising. 这所大学的大量志愿者志愿到偏远的村庄去教书。他们的志愿工作值得表扬。 44. figure n. 数字；人物；体形，身材 (1)keep one's figure 保持(优美的)身材 (2)figure out 想出， 理解； 弄明白， 看透 figure on 期待， 指望， 依赖；预料 figure that 认为， 认定 figure in 把……列入计算/考虑范围 1)My uncle has an income of seven figures a year.数字 2)He has become a figure known to everyone.人物 3)She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.体形，身材 4)We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 认为 45. draw sth out of sth 提取，支取 On the way home mother drew some money out of her account. 回家的路上妈妈从账户里取了一些钱。 46. operation n. 手术；运转，操作 operator n. 操作员 operate v.. 操纵，操作(机器或设备)；(机器等)运转，运行 ；管理，经营(企业、部门等)；(组织或公司)运营 1)The parents decided to have the doctor operate on their son's head and the operation will have been arranged next week. 父母决定让医生给他们儿子做头部手术，手术将安排在下周。 2)I hear that the operator in your office will have an operation on her throat next month. 我听说你们办公室的接线员下个月要给她的喉咙做手术。 47. scene n. (戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 on the scene 在现场 behind the scene 幕后 1)Enemies behind the scene are more dangerous than those on the stage. 幕后的敌人比台前的敌人更危险。 2) By the time I arrived on the scene , it was all over. 我来到现场时, 一切都已结束。 48. flat n. 公寓adj. 平坦的；瘪了的 1)Looking at the flat tire，he was annoyed and didn’t know what to do next. 看着瘪了的轮胎，他很恼火，不知道下一步该怎么办。 2)We had to find a flat in a hurry — there was no time to pick and choose. 我们得赶紧找一套房子，没有时间挑选了。 49. response n. 回复；反应，响应 (1)in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语) make a response to 对……做出反应(强调动作) (2)respond vt. & vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to... 回应……；对……做出反应 respond that... 回答说…… None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题;换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何一个学生的回答。 重点句型 1.it作形式主语 (教材原句) It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不断发展的心理需求也是一件令人头疼的事情。 用it作形式主语。常见句型: (1)It + be + 形容词+主语从句 (2)It + be + 名词+ 主语从句, 这类名词有fact, pity, shame, honour, question等。 (3)It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句, 这类过去分词有announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等。 (4) It + 不及物动词 + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有appear, happen, seem等。 (5) It + be + 形容词 (+for sb. )+ 动词不定式, 这类句型常用的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等。 (6)It + be + 名词(短语)或形容词 + 动名词, 这类名词(短语)和形容词常常是good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等。 1)It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not. 他是否能来参加珍妮的生日聚会还不确定。 2)It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. 你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛, 真可惜。 3)It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. 据报道, 有16人在地震中丧生。 2. “do not＋always”表示部分否定 (教材原句) Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy. 不幸的是，你的父母并不总认同，这让你感到不高兴。 (1)在英语中，all, both, every, everybody, everything, always, completely等表示整体概念的代词、副词与not连用时，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”。 (2)若表示完全否定，可借助于none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither等。 Not everything you saw at the table belongs to me. 在桌子上你看到的所有东西并非都是我的。 All of the students don't go to play basketball after class. 不是所有的学生下课后都去打篮球。 3. wish从句中的虚拟语气 (教材原句)On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient... 另一方面，当你努力想控制自己的情感时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心…… wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下： 时间 时态 表示与现在事实相反的愿望 从句谓语动词用过去时(be用were) 表示与过去事实相反的愿望 从句谓语动词用过去完成时 表示将来不大可能实现的愿望 从句谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形” [名师点津] (1)不管wish用一般现在时还是用一般过去时，它后面所跟宾语从句虚拟语气的三种形式不变。 (2)跟宾语从句时，wish与hope的用法不同。wish后的宾语从句总是用虚拟语气，hope后的宾语从句则用陈述语气。 1)I wish you had told me earlier. 你早些告诉我就好了。 2)I wish that someday I would/could live on the moon. 我希望有一天能到月球上居住。 3)I sincerely wish that you could spare some time to chat with me. 我真切地希望你能抽出些时间跟我聊一聊。 4. 特殊疑问词＋动词不定式 (教材原句)Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control. 通过这种健康的讨论，你将学会何时让步，何时让你的父母放松(对你的)控制。 I wonder where to find that information again. 我想知道在哪里能再次找到那个信息。 5. that引导表语从句 (教材原句)The good news is that this stormy period will not last. 好消息是，这段冲突不断的时期不会持续太久。 6. There is no point (in) doing sth.意为“做某事没有作用或意义” (教材原句)There's no point in comparing you with others all the time. 总是把你和别人比较是毫无意义的。 There is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用处 There is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义 There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 There is no doubt that... ……是毫无疑问的 There is no point (in) regretting the lost and we should grasp what we have now. 后悔失去的没有意义，我们应该抓住我们现在所拥有的。 7. whenever引导的让步状语从句 (教材原句)She asks my teachers how I'm doing at school whenever she can.她一有机会就会问我的老师我在学校的表现如何。 (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。 (3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 Whenever/No matter when she is in trouble, he is there for her. 每当她有困难的时候，他都会出现在她身边。 Whatever (＝No matter what) difficulties we may meet, we'll finish the task on time. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都会按时完成任务。 Whichever/No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station. 无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。 8. as if 引导表语从句 (教材原句)It seems as if my grades are the most important thing in her life. 似乎我的成绩是她生活中最重要的事情。 (1)引导表语从句。常用句型It looks/seems as if...表示“看起来似乎……”。 (2)引导方式状语从句。 (3)as if/though引导的从句中谓语动词的语气。 ①用陈述语气的情况： 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 ②用虚拟语气的情况： 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下： a. 如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 b. 如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。 c. 如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 1)You'll feel as if you were at home while here. 到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。 2)She works hard as if she never knew fatigue. 她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。 3)Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever. 杰克没说一句话，但老师却对着他微笑，好像他做了什么聪明事似的。 语法 简单句，并列句和主从复合句 一、 简单句 1.主谓结构(SV) 2.主系表结构(SVP) 3.主谓宾结构(SVO) 4.主谓双宾结构(SVOO) 5.主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC) 二、并列句 1. 连接关系 由并列连词and或not only...but also...连接的两个分句。 I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it. 我开了电视机后，我们就坐下来看电视节目。 It not only gave us a chance to get close to nature, but also gave us relaxation from our study. 它不仅给了我们接近大自然的机会，而且能让我们在学习之余得到放松。 2. 转折关系 多用连词but，yet，while等连接两个分句。 It rained heavily, but I still went to school. 虽然天下着雨，但是我还是去上学了。 Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones lead to the opposite. 好的习惯经常使得效率增高，而不好的习惯效果恰恰相反。 3. 选择关系 主要由连词or (或者；否则)，either...or...(要么……要么……)，not...but...(不是……而是……)等连词连接。 You may go with us, or you may stay at home. 你既可以跟我们一起去也可以待在家里。 4. 因果关系 多用连词so或for连接。 He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。 5. 时间关系 由并列连词when连接两个分句，表示“就在这时突然……”。 Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。 6.“祈使句＋and/or (otherwise)＋简单句”也是并列句的一种，or在此意为“否则”。 Give me one more minute or I won't be able to finish it. 再多给我一分钟，否则我不能完成它。 【温馨提示】并列句有时也可不用并列连词连接，而用分号(；)连接。 The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 三、复合句 复合句在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起名词、形容词、副词的作用。复合句主要有：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。 1. 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句) I believe (that) he is honest. (宾语从句)我相信他是诚实的。 That he will come and help you is certain. (主语从句) 他会来帮助你，这是肯定无疑的。 This is what I want to do. (表语从句)这就是我想做的。 The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. (同位语从句)她努力工作的事实是我们大家都知道的。 2. 定语从句 I know the girl who comes from Beijing.我认识那个来自北京的女孩。 We shall remember the days when we studied together.我们将记得我们一起学习的日子。 3. 状语从句 常见状语从句的类型及连词 状语从句 连词 时间 when, whenever, as, while, (ever) since, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., scarcely ... when ..., each time, every time, the first time, the last time, the moment, the minute, the second, the day, immediately 地点 where, wherever 条件 if, unless, providing/provided (that), supposing/ suppose (that), given (that), as long as, so long as, on condition (that), in case, only if 原因 because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that 让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter＋疑问词， whether ... or ..., whether ... or not 比较 as, than, the same as, not so ... as ..., as ... as ... 方式 as if, as though, as 目的 in order that, so that, in case, for fear (that) 结果 so that, so ... that ..., such ... that ... I fell asleep while he was doing his homework. 他正做作业时我睡着了。 It's such a good chance that we must not miss it. ＝ It's so good a chance that we must not miss it. 这是如此好的一个机会，以至于我们不能错过。 We'll start our project if the president agrees. 如果校长同意，我们将开始我们的项目。 一.单词拼写 1.The new soldier shot at the ________(靶子), but missed it again. 2. Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, is a story of a young woman’s ________(奋斗) to find happiness. 3.As the movie progresses, the ________(紧张关系) builds. 4.The criminal had been ________(射击) in the leg while trying to escape. 5.The schools were ________(评估) according to their exam results. 6. The building was knocked down to make way for a block of ________(公寓). 7. All the children listened to all his ________(冒险经历) with eager attention. 8. Go and see the manager of the bank where your ________(账户) is held. 9. Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in ________(运转). 10. Foreign tourists feel happily ________(安心的) while visiting the city. 二.选词填空 Think sth. through, draw out of, cheer up, see eye to eye with, calm down, go through, from one’s point of view turn out, shoot up, back down, 1. Can I ________________ my account? 2. What a pity! He didn’t pass the test. Let’s go to ________________. 3. Teenagers often don’t ________________ adults on many things. 4. The editor admitted making a mistake and ________________ at last. 5. I am confident that everything will ________________ fine with our joint efforts. 6. My father has lost his job, and our family is ________________ a tough time. 7. ________________, your failure is connected with your great stress. 8. Because of the economic crisis last year，unemployment of graduates ________________ in that country. 9. Generally, listening to some soft music can always ________ myself ________, even in deep depression. 10. For parents, they should ________________ before scolding their children. 三.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. When she saw the annoying scene，she tried to hold her ________(angry). 2. She made a ________(respond) to my letter with a phone call. 3. The unique design is in fact a creation from an ordinary ________(design). 4. The children’s ________(perform) at school gave their teachers a lot of pleasure. 5. After ________(graduate), the girl was eager to be offered a good job. 6. She leant forward ________(eager) to listen to him. 7. Some ________(volunteer) organizations run workshops for disabled people. 8. Despite with ________(anxious), Bob and Hans searched the whole house. 9. Their different ideas on the question led to an ________(argue) between the two sides. 10.Efforts and confidence are important, especially in such a competitive and ________(stress) society. 四.完成句子 1.无论你借给我哪本书，我都会认真阅读。 ________________ you lend me，I’ll read it carefully. 2.很难弄明白这次会议将要得出什么结论。 ________________ what conclusion will be drawn in the meeting. 3.有关人士已被邀请到这里来讨论下一步该做什么。 People concerned have been invited here to discuss ________________. 4.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。 I wish that you ________________ down on this kind of work. 5.最令我难过的是，他们更关心我的学习，而不是我。(that引导表语从句) What upsets me most is ________________________________ instead of me. 6.把大衣穿上，否则会感冒。(祈使句) Wear your coat, ________________________________. 7.他说有些青少年学习不努力。(宾语从句) He said that ________________________________. 8.那就是他昨天没来上学的原因。(表语从句) That is ________________________________ yesterday. 9.那个非常生气的人是迈克的父亲。(定语从句) The man ________________________________ was Mike’s father. 10.我看见他的时候，觉得他压力很大。(状语从句) ________________, I found him under great stress. 五. 写出下列各句属于哪种句型 1. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. ________ 2. Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. ________ 3. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ________ 4. Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. ________ 5. Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. ________ 6. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. ________ 7. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. ________ 8. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. ________ 9. Summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you. ________ 10. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. ________ ( 18 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Let’s talk teens 【速记清单】 单元重点单词短语句型语法 考点词汇 1. battle n. ＆ vt. ＆ vi. 争论；战斗，搏斗;斗争 battle with 与……抗争 She’s battling with her conscience over whether to tell the police what she saw. 她在与良心作斗争，不知道是否要把她所看到的告诉警察。 2. see eye to eye with sb (on sth)/ agree with sb.on sth.(在某事上)与某人看法一致 I don’t think that he sees eye to eye / agree with us on that argument. 我认为他在那个论点上和我们意见不一致。 3. tension n. 紧张关系；紧张；拉伸 tense adj.令人紧张的；神经紧张的；绷紧的 Facing the tense atmosphere, I wanted to scream, for the tension became unbearable. 面对这紧张的气氛，我真想尖叫，因为这种紧张已经无法忍受了。 4. anxious adj. 忧虑的，担心的；令人焦虑的；渴望的 (1)be anxious for/about 担心/渴望…… be anxious to do...渴望做…… be anxious that ...(should) do... 渴望…… (2)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望 with anxiety 焦急地 (3)anxiously adv. 焦虑地 [名师点津]　(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时，则为可数名词。 (2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时，其后通常跟不定式或“for＋名词”作定语。 It’s natural for parents to be anxious about their children’s future. However, they are anxious to see the progress their children can make, so they are always pushing them too hard anxiously/with anxiety. I think parents should learn to turn their attention away from their kids, thus relieving their own anxiety and leaving their children enough space to develop. 父母为孩子的未来担心这很自然。然而,他们急于看到孩子所能取得的进步,因此总是焦虑地逼迫孩子。我认为,父母应该学会将自己的注意力从孩子身上转移,这样既能缓解自己的焦虑又能给孩子留足够的发展空间。 5. rate n. 速度；率vi. ＆ vt. 评价，评估 at… rate 以……速度 1)It is not surprising that children learn to read at different rates. 孩子们学习阅读的速度不同，这并不奇怪。 2)We should make the most of our teaching facilities to explore their inner world and rate their academic performance. 我们应该充分利用我们的教学设施来探索他们的内心世界，并评估他们的学习成绩。 6. shoot vi. ＆ vt. (shot，shot)(使朝某方向)冲，奔；射击；射杀；摄影 shoot up快速长高，蹿个儿 With the number of homecoming overseas students shooting up in recent years, the attraction of foreign degree holders has gradually faded. 近年来，随着归国留学生人数的激增，外国学位持有者的吸引力逐渐消退。 7. spot n. 粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 (1)on the spot 当场；在现场；立即 (2)spot sb.doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事 spot sb.from/in... 从……中辨认出某人 be spotted with 满是……的斑点；散布；点缀 (3)spotless adj. 没有斑点的；干净的 [名师点津]　spot用作先行词时，其后的定语从句通常用where来引导。 I finally spotted my friend in the crowd, who wore a white dress with pink spots. 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友，她穿着粉点白底的裙子。 8. target n. (攻击的)目标，对象；靶子vt. 把……作为攻击目标；面向 on target 有可能实现目标; 切中要害 The company says that growth of 10% is on target. 公司声称, 10%的增长有望实现。 9.anger n. 怒气，怒火 angry adj.发怒的，生气的 be angry with sb. for sth. 因……与某人生气 with/ in anger/ angrily adv.生气地，气愤地 1)Her mother hardly ever shouted at her in/with anger. 她的母亲几乎从来不怒气冲冲地对她喊叫。 2)Angry customers often make complaints to let off their anger, because saying something angrily can make them comfortable. 愤怒的顾客经常抱怨来发泄他们的愤怒，因为愤怒地说些什么可以让他们感到舒服。 10. mental adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的 Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique. 乔丹的技术令人印象深刻，但他表现出的精神力量使他与众不同。 11. desire n. ＆ vt. 渴望，希望 (1)have a desire for sth./to do sth. 渴望得到某物/希望做某事 at one's desire 应某人的希望/要求 (2)desire sth. 渴望得到某物 desire to do sth. 希望/渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that sb.(should)do 渴望/要求某人…… 1)Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. 即便如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望给世界留下了深刻的印象。 2)The public desired that the result (should) be made in public. 公众希望把结果公布于众。 12. struggle vi. ＆ n. 奋斗；斗争；搏斗 struggle with/against与……作斗争 struggle for为……而斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 struggle to one's feet挣扎着站起来 1)We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。 2)The two boxers struggled with/against each other and the referee separated them. 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。 13. rough adj. 艰难的；粗糙的；不确切的 14. breakdown n. (关系)破裂；故障 15. regular adj. 频繁的；有规律的 regularly adv. 频繁地，有规律地 1)The important part of regular family dinners together is to exchange ideas and find out what is going on. 定期家庭聚餐的重要部分是交换意见，了解发生了什么。 2)Weigh yourself regularly and you may well start to lose weight. 定期称体重，你就可以开始减肥了。 16. calm vt. 使平静，使镇静adj. 镇静的，沉着的 (1)calm down 平静，镇静，安静 keep/remain calm 保持冷静 (2)calmly adv.冷静地；平静地 17. view n. 看法；视线；景色vt. 把……视为；观看 (1)have/get a good view of 好好欣赏/观看 in one's view/opinion 在某人看来 from one's point of view 从某人的角度/观点出发 point of view 观点；态度 in view of 由于；鉴于；考虑到 out of view 看不见；在视野之外 come into view 进入视野；被看见 (2)view...as... 把……看作…… 1)From my point of view, students should spend less time on computer games or the Internet. 依我看，学生应该少花些时间在电脑游戏或网络上。 2)In my view, the film isn't interesting at all. 在我看来，这部电影一点意思也没有。 3)He is honest and helpful and we all view him as our friend. 他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他看作是我们的朋友。 18. think sth through充分考虑，全盘考虑，想透 I need an opportunity to calm down and think through everything. 我需要一个机会冷静下来，把事情想清楚。 19. concern n. 担心，忧虑；关心vt. 涉及；让(某人)担忧 (1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示关心 (2)concern oneself about 对……表示关心/担心 (3)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的；相关的 be concerned about/for 担心……；关心…… be concerned with 与……有关；涉及 as far as... be concerned 就……而言；依……之见 (4)concerning prep.有关；关于 [名师点津](1)concern用作名词，表示“关怀；关心”时是不可数名词，而表示“对某人来说重要或感兴趣的事”时是可数名词。(2)concerned是形容词，用作前置定语时，意思是“关心的；挂念的；担心的”；用作后置定语时，意为“有关的；涉及的”。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authority concerned有关当局。 1)Our parents are concerned about our life and study. As far as I'm concerned, we should talk with them and tell them our concerns. 我们的父母关心我们的生活和学习。就我而言，我们应该和他们谈谈，告诉他们我们的担忧。 2)As far as I am concerned, some other plans may work better. 对我来说，别的计划可能会更管用。 3)The police couldn't prove he was concerned with the crime, so they had to set him free. 警方无法证明他与该罪行有关，因此只好把他释放了。 20. back down承认错误，认输 He refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on doing scientific research. 他拒绝放弃自己的责任，继续从事科学研究。 21. normal adj. 正常的，一般的n. 常态，通常标准 1)The situation has returned to normal here. 这儿的形势已恢复正常。 2)It’s normal to feel nervous before an exam. 考试之前觉得紧张是正常的。 3)They thought that his behaviour was abnormal. 他们认为他的行为反常。 22. stress n. 精神压力，紧张；强调vt. 强调，着重 (1)lay/put/place stress on sth.强调/重视…… under stress 在压力下 under the stress of 为……所迫 (2)stress the importance of... 强调……的重要性 (3)stressful adj. 压力大的；紧张的 stressed adj. 焦虑不安的 He stressed the importance of studying hard. / He put stress on studying hard. 他强调了努力学习的重要性。 After a stressful week of work, all the employees were extremely stressed and tired. They complained that few could work efficiently under stress. 经过一周紧张的工作，所有的员工都非常紧张和疲惫。他们抱怨说，很少有人能在压力下高效地工作。 23. editor n. 主编，编辑；剪辑师 edition n. 版本 edit v. 编辑 Before printing the early edition of the newspaper, these editors have edited the articles in it. 在印刷报纸的早期版本之前，这些编辑已经编辑了上面的文章。 24. design vt. 设计；制订 n. 设计；设计艺术 (1)design...for... 为……而设计…… be designed for/to do 计划做；打算用来做 be designed as 被设置为…… (2)by design 蓄意地，故意地 1)I like the design of the suit, which was designed by a famous designer. 我喜欢这套西装的设计，它是由一位著名设计师设计的。 2)The subway was designed to relieve traffic jam. 这条地铁是为缓解交通拥挤而设计的。 25. forum n. 论坛，讨论会；公共集会场所 26. expert n. 专家，行家adj. 熟练的，内行的，专家的 When we describe a person with the green fingers, we mean that he is expert in agriculture. 当我们形容一个人有绿色的手指时，我们的意思是他是农业专家。 27. likely adj. 可能的，预料的，有希望的 It is likely＋thatclause可能会…… sb./sth. be likely to do sth.某人/某物有可能做某事 [名师点津]likely的比较级和最高级为more likely， most likely或likelier， likeliest；反义词是unlikely。 If you grow up in a large family, you are more likely to develop the ability to get on well with others. →If you grow up in a large family, it is more likely that you develop the ability to get on well with others. 如果你在一个大家庭中长大，你更有可能培养与他人融洽相处的能力。 28. unique adj. 独一无二的；独特的；独具的，特有的 I really want to go to a place for the summer vacation, one especially with beautiful scenery and unique culture. 我真的很想去一个地方过暑假，一个特别美丽的风景和独特的文化。 29.passive adj. 消极的，被动的 30. performance n. 表现；表演；执行，履行 I have affection for the amusing performance, performed by Samuel, an American jazz performer. 我很喜欢美国爵士表演者塞缪尔表演的有趣的表演。 31. cheer up (使)变得高兴，振奋起来 (1)cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来 cheer for 为……而欢呼 cheer sb.on (比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油 (2)Cheers！[口语](用于祝酒)干杯！ (3)cheerful adj.高兴的，兴高采烈的 Cheer up! Everybody may have periods in their lives when everything seems tough. 振作起来!每个人在生活中都可能有一段时期，一切似乎都很艰难。 32. press vt. & vi. 催促，逼迫；按，压；挤，推 n. 报章杂志，报刊；(the press)新闻工作者，新闻界 pressure n. 压力 33. eager adj. 热切的，渴望的，渴求的 (1)be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事，热心做某事 be eager for sth. 渴望得到某物 be eager that ...(should...) 渴望……(从句用虚拟语气) (2)eagerness n. 热心，渴望 eagerly adv.急切地；渴望地；热心地 [名师点津]　表达“渴望做某事”的短语还有： ①be anxious to do sth. ②be dying to do sth. ③be keen to do sth. ④long to do sth. 1)The students couldn’t hide their eagerness to get back home. They were eager to know when they can go home. 学生们无法掩饰他们想回家的渴望。他们急切地想知道他们什么时候可以回家。 2)Eagerly we gathered around the table. I took down a box and laid it carefully in front of Mama. 我们急切地围在桌子周围。我取下一个盒子，小心地放在妈妈面前。 34. adventure n. 冒险，冒险经历，奇遇 Many teachers would like to be more adventurous and creative in their career. 许多教师希望在他们的职业生涯中更具冒险精神和创造性。 35. be on sb's back about sth 缠磨，烦扰 36. flexible adj. 灵活的，可变动的；柔韧的 37. account n. 账户；描述；解释vt. 认为是，视为 (1)on account of 因为，由于 on no account 决不 give an account of 报告；叙述；说明 take sth. into account ＝take sth. into consideration ＝take account of sth. 对某事加以考虑 (2)account for 解释，说明；占……(比例) [名师点津] on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有by no means， in no way， on no condition， under no circumstances， in no case， at no time等。 38. rent n. 租金vi. ＆ vt. 租用；出租 (1)pay the rent 付租金  for rent 出租, 招租 (2)rent sth. from sb. 从某人那里租用某物 rent sth. (out)to sb. 出租某物给某人 (3)rented adj. 租用的, 租借的 1)He was not sure whether he could get a job in time to pay the rent. 他不确定是否能及时找到工作来付房租。 2) After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and sold most of their furniture. 1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租下了这所房子，卖掉了大部分家具。 39. secure adj. 安心的；可靠的；牢固的 At last, he got a good job and felt secure about the future. 最后，他找到了一份好工作，对未来感到放心。 40. graduate vi. ＆ vt. 毕业n. 毕业生 graduate from. . . 毕业于……学校 graduate in 毕业于……专业 a university graduate 一名大学毕业生 graduation n. 毕业 My cousin is a graduate in physics, who graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company since graduation. 我表哥是北京大学物理系的毕业生。自从毕业以来，他一直在一家著名公司工作。 41. gather vi. 聚集，集合vt. 收拢；搜集，收集；聚集 If you have gathered and restored some information on the Internet, you can draw it out of the computer. 如果你在互联网上收集并恢复了一些信息，你可以把它从电脑中取出来。 42. emergency n. 突发事件，紧急情况 Emergency workers who stayed during the hurricane deserve our gratitude. 在飓风期间留下来的急救人员值得我们感谢。 43. volunteer vt. & vi. 主动建议(或告诉)；自愿做，义务做n. 志愿者 (1)volunteer to do sth. 志愿做某事  (2)voluntary adj.自愿的 1)The girl replaced her brother as a volunteer to serve the sports event. 女孩代替哥哥成为志愿者服务于这项体育赛事。 2)A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising. 这所大学的大量志愿者志愿到偏远的村庄去教书。他们的志愿工作值得表扬。 44. figure n. 数字；人物；体形，身材 (1)keep one's figure 保持(优美的)身材 (2)figure out 想出， 理解； 弄明白， 看透 figure on 期待， 指望， 依赖；预料 figure that 认为， 认定 figure in 把……列入计算/考虑范围 1)My uncle has an income of seven figures a year.数字 2)He has become a figure known to everyone.人物 3)She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.体形，身材 4)We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait. 认为 45. draw sth out of sth 提取，支取 On the way home mother drew some money out of her account. 回家的路上妈妈从账户里取了一些钱。 46. operation n. 手术；运转，操作 operator n. 操作员 operate v.. 操纵，操作(机器或设备)；(机器等)运转，运行 ；管理，经营(企业、部门等)；(组织或公司)运营 1)The parents decided to have the doctor operate on their son's head and the operation will have been arranged next week. 父母决定让医生给他们儿子做头部手术，手术将安排在下周。 2)I hear that the operator in your office will have an operation on her throat next month. 我听说你们办公室的接线员下个月要给她的喉咙做手术。 47. scene n. (戏剧等)场；场面，片段；地点，现场；景象，风光 on the scene 在现场 behind the scene 幕后 1)Enemies behind the scene are more dangerous than those on the stage. 幕后的敌人比台前的敌人更危险。 2) By the time I arrived on the scene , it was all over. 我来到现场时, 一切都已结束。 48. flat n. 公寓adj. 平坦的；瘪了的 1)Looking at the flat tire，he was annoyed and didn’t know what to do next. 看着瘪了的轮胎，他很恼火，不知道下一步该怎么办。 2)We had to find a flat in a hurry — there was no time to pick and choose. 我们得赶紧找一套房子，没有时间挑选了。 49. response n. 回复；反应，响应 (1)in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语) make a response to 对……做出反应(强调动作) (2)respond vt. & vi. 回答；响应；做出反应 respond to... 回应……；对……做出反应 respond that... 回答说…… None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题;换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何一个学生的回答。 重点句型 1.it作形式主语 (教材原句) It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too. 平衡你不断发展的心理需求也是一件令人头疼的事情。 用it作形式主语。常见句型: (1)It + be + 形容词+主语从句 (2)It + be + 名词+ 主语从句, 这类名词有fact, pity, shame, honour, question等。 (3)It + be + 过去分词 + 主语从句, 这类过去分词有announced, believed, expected, hoped, decided, reported, said, shown等。 (4) It + 不及物动词 + 主语从句, 这类不及物动词有appear, happen, seem等。 (5) It + be + 形容词 (+for sb. )+ 动词不定式, 这类句型常用的形容词有easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, wise等。 (6)It + be + 名词(短语)或形容词 + 动名词, 这类名词(短语)和形容词常常是good, no good, no use, a waste of, useless, senseless等。 1)It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny’s birthday party or not. 他是否能来参加珍妮的生日聚会还不确定。 2)It’s a pity that you missed the exciting football match. 你错过了那场激动人心的足球比赛, 真可惜。 3)It is reported that 16 people were killed in the earthquake. 据报道, 有16人在地震中丧生。 2. “do not＋always”表示部分否定 (教材原句) Unfortunately, your parents do not always agree and that makes you feel unhappy. 不幸的是，你的父母并不总认同，这让你感到不高兴。 (1)在英语中，all, both, every, everybody, everything, always, completely等表示整体概念的代词、副词与not连用时，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”。 (2)若表示完全否定，可借助于none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither等。 Not everything you saw at the table belongs to me. 在桌子上你看到的所有东西并非都是我的。 All of the students don't go to play basketball after class. 不是所有的学生下课后都去打篮球。 3. wish从句中的虚拟语气 (教材原句)On the other hand，when you are struggling to control your feelings, you wish they could be more caring and patient... 另一方面，当你努力想控制自己的情感时，你希望他们能更加体贴，更有耐心…… wish后宾语从句中的谓语形式如下： 时间 时态 表示与现在事实相反的愿望 从句谓语动词用过去时(be用were) 表示与过去事实相反的愿望 从句谓语动词用过去完成时 表示将来不大可能实现的愿望 从句谓语动词用“would/could＋动词原形” [名师点津] (1)不管wish用一般现在时还是用一般过去时，它后面所跟宾语从句虚拟语气的三种形式不变。 (2)跟宾语从句时，wish与hope的用法不同。wish后的宾语从句总是用虚拟语气，hope后的宾语从句则用陈述语气。 1)I wish you had told me earlier. 你早些告诉我就好了。 2)I wish that someday I would/could live on the moon. 我希望有一天能到月球上居住。 3)I sincerely wish that you could spare some time to chat with me. 我真切地希望你能抽出些时间跟我聊一聊。 4. 特殊疑问词＋动词不定式 (教材原句)Through this kind of healthy discussion, you will learn when to back down and when to ask your parents to relax their control. 通过这种健康的讨论，你将学会何时让步，何时让你的父母放松(对你的)控制。 I wonder where to find that information again. 我想知道在哪里能再次找到那个信息。 5. that引导表语从句 (教材原句)The good news is that this stormy period will not last. 好消息是，这段冲突不断的时期不会持续太久。 6. There is no point (in) doing sth.意为“做某事没有作用或意义” (教材原句)There's no point in comparing you with others all the time. 总是把你和别人比较是毫无意义的。 There is no use (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用处 There is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有意义 There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 There is no doubt that... ……是毫无疑问的 There is no point (in) regretting the lost and we should grasp what we have now. 后悔失去的没有意义，我们应该抓住我们现在所拥有的。 7. whenever引导的让步状语从句 (教材原句)She asks my teachers how I'm doing at school whenever she can.她一有机会就会问我的老师我在学校的表现如何。 (1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。 (3)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。 Whenever/No matter when she is in trouble, he is there for her. 每当她有困难的时候，他都会出现在她身边。 Whatever (＝No matter what) difficulties we may meet, we'll finish the task on time. 无论遇到什么困难，我们都会按时完成任务。 Whichever/No matter which road you take, it will lead you to the station. 无论你走哪一条路都会到车站。 8. as if 引导表语从句 (教材原句)It seems as if my grades are the most important thing in her life. 似乎我的成绩是她生活中最重要的事情。 (1)引导表语从句。常用句型It looks/seems as if...表示“看起来似乎……”。 (2)引导方式状语从句。 (3)as if/though引导的从句中谓语动词的语气。 ①用陈述语气的情况： 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 ②用虚拟语气的情况： 当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其形式如下： a. 如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 b. 如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。 c. 如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might＋动词原形”。 1)You'll feel as if you were at home while here. 到这儿就好像到了自己家一样。 2)She works hard as if she never knew fatigue. 她努力工作，仿佛从不知疲倦似的。 3)Jack wasn't saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever. 杰克没说一句话，但老师却对着他微笑，好像他做了什么聪明事似的。 语法 简单句，并列句和主从复合句 一、 简单句 1.主谓结构(SV) 2.主系表结构(SVP) 3.主谓宾结构(SVO) 4.主谓双宾结构(SVOO) 5.主谓宾宾补结构(SVOC) 二、并列句 1. 连接关系 由并列连词and或not only...but also...连接的两个分句。 I turned on the TV and we sat down and watched it. 我开了电视机后，我们就坐下来看电视节目。 It not only gave us a chance to get close to nature, but also gave us relaxation from our study. 它不仅给了我们接近大自然的机会，而且能让我们在学习之余得到放松。 2. 转折关系 多用连词but，yet，while等连接两个分句。 It rained heavily, but I still went to school. 虽然天下着雨，但是我还是去上学了。 Good habits always lead to high efficiency, while bad ones lead to the opposite. 好的习惯经常使得效率增高，而不好的习惯效果恰恰相反。 3. 选择关系 主要由连词or (或者；否则)，either...or...(要么……要么……)，not...but...(不是……而是……)等连词连接。 You may go with us, or you may stay at home. 你既可以跟我们一起去也可以待在家里。 4. 因果关系 多用连词so或for连接。 He told me to do it, so I did it. 他让我这样做，于是我就这样做了。 5. 时间关系 由并列连词when连接两个分句，表示“就在这时突然……”。 Last Monday, I was walking in the street when I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 上周一，我正在街上散步，这时突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。 6.“祈使句＋and/or (otherwise)＋简单句”也是并列句的一种，or在此意为“否则”。 Give me one more minute or I won't be able to finish it. 再多给我一分钟，否则我不能完成它。 【温馨提示】并列句有时也可不用并列连词连接，而用分号(；)连接。 The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。 三、复合句 复合句在简单句的基础上，通过从属连词将两个或两个以上简单句连接在一起而构成。从属连词所引导的从句起名词、形容词、副词的作用。复合句主要有：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。 1. 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句) I believe (that) he is honest. (宾语从句)我相信他是诚实的。 That he will come and help you is certain. (主语从句) 他会来帮助你，这是肯定无疑的。 This is what I want to do. (表语从句)这就是我想做的。 The fact that she works hard is well known to us all. (同位语从句)她努力工作的事实是我们大家都知道的。 2. 定语从句 I know the girl who comes from Beijing.我认识那个来自北京的女孩。 We shall remember the days when we studied together.我们将记得我们一起学习的日子。 3. 状语从句 常见状语从句的类型及连词 状语从句 连词 时间 when, whenever, as, while, (ever) since, before, after, till, until, as soon as, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ..., scarcely ... when ..., each time, every time, the first time, the last time, the moment, the minute, the second, the day, immediately 地点 where, wherever 条件 if, unless, providing/provided (that), supposing/ suppose (that), given (that), as long as, so long as, on condition (that), in case, only if 原因 because, as, since, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that 让步 though, although, even if, even though, as, while, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter＋疑问词， whether ... or ..., whether ... or not 比较 as, than, the same as, not so ... as ..., as ... as ... 方式 as if, as though, as 目的 in order that, so that, in case, for fear (that) 结果 so that, so ... that ..., such ... that ... I fell asleep while he was doing his homework. 他正做作业时我睡着了。 It's such a good chance that we must not miss it. ＝ It's so good a chance that we must not miss it. 这是如此好的一个机会，以至于我们不能错过。 We'll start our project if the president agrees. 如果校长同意，我们将开始我们的项目。 一.单词拼写 1.The new soldier shot at the ________(靶子), but missed it again. 2. Jane Eyre, by Charlotte Bronte, is a story of a young woman’s ________(奋斗) to find happiness. 3.As the movie progresses, the ________(紧张关系) builds. 4.The criminal had been ________(射击) in the leg while trying to escape. 5.The schools were ________(评估) according to their exam results. 6. The building was knocked down to make way for a block of ________(公寓). 7. All the children listened to all his ________(冒险经历) with eager attention. 8. Go and see the manager of the bank where your ________(账户) is held. 9. Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in ________(运转). 10. Foreign tourists feel happily ________(安心的) while visiting the city. 【答案】 1. target 2. struggle 3. tension 4. shot 5. rated 6. flats 7. adventures 8. account 9. operation 10. secure 二.选词填空 Think sth. through, draw out of, cheer up, see eye to eye with, calm down, go through, from one’s point of view turn out, shoot up, back down, 1. Can I ________________ my account? 2. What a pity! He didn’t pass the test. Let’s go to ________________. 3. Teenagers often don’t ________________ adults on many things. 4. The editor admitted making a mistake and ________________ at last. 5. I am confident that everything will ________________ fine with our joint efforts. 6. My father has lost his job, and our family is ________________ a tough time. 7. ________________, your failure is connected with your great stress. 8. Because of the economic crisis last year，unemployment of graduates ________________ in that country. 9. Generally, listening to some soft music can always ________ myself ________, even in deep depression. 10. For parents, they should ________________ before scolding their children. 【答案】 1. draw $80 out of 2. cheer him up 3. see eye to eye with 4. backed down 5. turn out 6. going through 7. From my point of view 8. shot up 9. calm; down 10. think things through 三.用所给词的适当形式填空 1. When she saw the annoying scene，she tried to hold her ________(angry). 2. She made a ________(respond) to my letter with a phone call. 3. The unique design is in fact a creation from an ordinary ________(design). 4. The children’s ________(perform) at school gave their teachers a lot of pleasure. 5. After ________(graduate), the girl was eager to be offered a good job. 6. She leant forward ________(eager) to listen to him. 7. Some ________(volunteer) organizations run workshops for disabled people. 8. Despite with ________(anxious), Bob and Hans searched the whole house. 9. Their different ideas on the question led to an ________(argue) between the two sides. 10.Efforts and confidence are important, especially in such a competitive and ________(stress) society. 【答案】 1. anger 2. response 3. designer 4. performance 5. graduating/graduation 6. eagerly 7. voluntary 8. anxiety 9. argument 10. stressful 四.完成句子 1.无论你借给我哪本书，我都会认真阅读。 ________________ you lend me，I’ll read it carefully. 2.很难弄明白这次会议将要得出什么结论。 ________________ what conclusion will be drawn in the meeting. 3.有关人士已被邀请到这里来讨论下一步该做什么。 People concerned have been invited here to discuss ________________. 4.我希望你不要看不起这种工作。 I wish that you ________________ down on this kind of work. 5.最令我难过的是，他们更关心我的学习，而不是我。(that引导表语从句) What upsets me most is ________________________________ instead of me. 6.把大衣穿上，否则会感冒。(祈使句) Wear your coat, ________________________________. 7.他说有些青少年学习不努力。(宾语从句) He said that ________________________________. 8.那就是他昨天没来上学的原因。(表语从句) That is ________________________________ yesterday. 9.那个非常生气的人是迈克的父亲。(定语从句) The man ________________________________ was Mike’s father. 10.我看见他的时候，觉得他压力很大。(状语从句) ________________, I found him under great stress. 【答案】 1. Whichever book 2. It is difficult to figure out 3. what to do next 4. wouldn’t look 5. that they are more concerned about my study 6. or you’ll catch a cold 7. some teenagers didn’t work hard. 8. why he did not come to school 9. who/ that was full of anger 10. When I saw him 五. 写出下列各句属于哪种句型 1. The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance. ________ 2. Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. ________ 3. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. ________ 4. Most of the bills on the board were singles, but a few people left fives, tens and even twenties. ________ 5. Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. ________ 6. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. ________ 7. You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. ________ 8. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. ________ 9. Summer in these cities is hot and rainy, so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you. ________ 10. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of line to hug him. ________ 【答案】 1.复合句 2. 简单句 3. 复合句 4. 并列句 5. 并列句 6. 并列句 7. 简单句 8. 复合句 9. 并列句 10. 复合句 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$