Unit 2 Looking Into The Future 单元话题完形填空练习-2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第一册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 2 Looking Into The Future 单元话题完形填空练习 （23-24高二下·四川·期末）Sargassum is the smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean. It isn’t something most people 1 kindly. But for Omar de Vazquez, a gardener, it was something like a(an) 2 . Years ago, as part of his gardening business, Omar launched a beach cleanup service to 3 the leafy seaweed. But, as its 4 intensified (增多，加剧), he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 5 a way to use it in building blocks. He started his company — SargaBlock to market the bricks which are being 6 by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem. “When I look at SargaBlock, it’s like looking in a 7 ,” he says, comparing his company to overcoming his personal 8 , including drug and alcohol addiction. “That was a time when I felt unwanted and 9 , like the sargassum people complained about.” Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty, which 10 his character and turned him into someone who takes action. He wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad. Omar then put his idea into 11 , mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then puts into a block-forming machine. The process was 12 . The UNDP selected Omar’s work for their Accelerator Lab, which 13 and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally. The idea is that some of the most timely and creative 14 come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas 15 . 1．A．look upon B．bring in C．give up D．come across 2．A．game B．gift C．race D．trouble 3．A．access B．harvest C．remove D．process 4．A．heat B．image C．presence D．movement 5．A．worked out B．called for C．showed off D．turned down 6．A．highlighted B．undervalued C．overemphasized D．withdrawn 7．A．window B．mirror C．dictionary D．puzzle 8．A．struggles B．fears C．desires D．opinions 9．A．appreciated B．infected C．interrupted D．rejected 10．A．fitted B．shaped C．revealed D．described 11．A．operation B．words C．bills D．profit 12．A．difficult B．transforming C．natural D．consuming 13．A．combines B．provides C．identifies D．drafts 14．A．responses B．reminder C．appeal D．issues 15．A．alongside B．offshore C．underneath D．firsthand （23-24高二上·陕西咸阳·期末）Francis Kere is the first African to win the Pritzker Prize, known as the Nobel Prize of architecture. However, his 16 to the peak of his field was far from smooth. Growing up in a village where there was no kindergarten, he was 17 into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students. At the age of 7, Francis Kere had to leave his family home to attend school because his village didn’t have one of its own. This 18 of poor building facilities contributed to his vision of better educational lives of local children, using architecture. Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture. His early reputation came in helping 19 a school in his village after graduating from college. He 20 the whole village to provide ideas and drew the 21 on sand for all to see. 22 , he involved them in constructing the school, using local wood and local clay (黏土). The result of their hard work was a welcoming structure with a “floating” roof that 23 ventilation (通风) in a hot climate and wall openings that bring 24 for students to learn even without electricity. He showed the villagers that ideas to 25 climate or other challenges are always at hand. In this process, local people learned 26 skills that they could later use to find work. By cooperating with them, Kere 27 the idea that climate solutions started with big institutions. He 28 that everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues related to education and climate and 29 a global impact by acting locally. Adopted by architects in dozens of countries, his 30 is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now. 16．A．angle B．welfare C．journey D．border 17．A．perceived B．crowded C．estimated D．reacted 18．A．trick B．infection C．qualification D．experience 19．A．integrate B．chart C．oppose D．design 20．A．banned B．encouraged C．ordered D．warned 21．A．firm B．soil C．draft D．gesture 22．A．Moreover B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．However 23．A．blocks B．delays C．refuses D．allows 24．A．wind B．fire C．light D．air 25．A．subscribe to B．deal with C．participate in D．depend on 26．A．academic B．urgent C．severe D．practical 27．A．challenged B．declared C．attracted D．agreed 28．A．denied B．suspected C．imagined D．demonstrated 29．A．ignore B．generate C．miss D．lose 30．A．innovation B．fantasy C．patience D．expense （23-24高二下·广东深圳·期中）Meghana first found her passion in middle school when she successfully created water filters (过滤器) to help Indian families struggling with waterborne (水传播的) illnesses. She 31 the opportunity to be able to help people and improve their life. Ever since she was in middle school, Meghana has been quite interested in 32 research. Her first inventions were water filters, which she was inspired to 33 after hearing about rural communities 34 the waterborne illnesses. Her latest invention, electrodes (电极) for supercapacitors (超级电容器), is also 35 to environmental science and is part of her interest in the field. The 36 , filled with trial and error, hasn’t been 37 . Through ten months of research, Meghana was able to create an electrode. This creation, costing less than $1, was very 38 friendly. Meghana has used her knowledge to help others who are also 39 about science. Following the success of her science fair projects, many science students connected with her, wanting her help on their research projects. Soon, lots of 40 came seeking help, and Meghana couldn’t 41 all of them. 42 , Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible. She 43 a ScienceFair Workshop Series program at her high school. Not only does the program help encourage students interested in science to participate in science fair projects, it also helps form a positive community where students can ask one another questions. Bringing the program to her school is just one step towards her 44 changing the world through education. She is concerned about how difficult it is for people who have trouble 45 education resources. “A good education allows people to think creatively, which eventually leads to development around the world,” said Meghana. 31．A．misunderstood B．loved C．doubted D．abandoned 32．A．social B．industrial C．medical D．scientific 33．A．make B．require C．repair D．evaluate 34．A．overlooking B．directing C．facing D．replacing 35．A．related B．adapted C．compared D．opposed 36．A．record B．examination C．process D．appeal 37．A．original B．complex C．similar D．easy 38．A．chemically B．economically C．culturally D．historically 39．A．nervous B．embarrassed C．upset D．curious 40．A．requests B．habits C．warnings D．standards 41．A．give away B．call on C．reply to D．depend on 42．A．However B．Instead C．Otherwise D．Also 43．A．envied B．bothered C．approved D．started 44．A．impression on B．commitment to C．independence of D．reference to 45．A．supplying B．commenting C．accessing D．removing （22-23高二上·江西南昌·期末）ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence-driven chatbot (聊天机器人) programme that responds to user prompts, has gone viral in social networks in recent weeks. Its 46 is such that within days of its launch, OpenAI, the artificial intelligence company behind the chatbot, announced that 1 million people had used. In comparison, Facebook and Spotify took months to achieve that 47 of engagement (受人关注) . The attraction is obvious: ChatGPT can produce jokes, essays and computer code from a short writing prompt. There’s nothing 48 in software that produces fluent and logical writing. ChatGPT’s predecessor (前身), the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too. Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a/an 49 way. But ChatGPT has been updated by being given the data on human “conversations”, which significantly 50 the truthfulness and informativeness(信息准确性) of its answers. 51 , ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical (无意义的). Even the chatbot itself says, “My responses are not intended to be considered as 52 .” This might be a big problem on the Internet, as many web platforms (平台) 53 the ability to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content (AI生成的内容). Such websites as Stack Overflow, where users can find answers to programming-related questions, had to ban ChatGPT-produced posts, as its human moderators (管理员) could not 54 the volume (大量) of incredible but wrong replies. It is 55 to give out tools that could be used to produce fake news and messages. Using ChatGPT too much raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted. A human author is 56 their own work but AI is not. Artificial intelligence is not artificial 57 : ChatGPT does not know what it is doing; it is unable to say how or why it produced a response; it doesn’t have human experience, and cannot tell if it is 58 . While OpenAI has safeguards to refuse inappropriate requests, such as to tell users how to commit crimes (犯罪), these can be bypassed. AI’s potential for harm should not be 59 . In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society. No one knows what will happen to such technologies if the software engineers of the future will themselves be software programs. “Human supervision (监督) and 60 are required,” OpenAI’s researchers have warned. 46．A．attempt B．popularity C．purpose D．solution 47．A．level B．quality C．focus D．goal 48．A．harmful B．positive C．new D．obvious 49．A．creative B．general C．simple D．incredible 50．A．transformed B．impressed C．increased D．limited 51．A．In brief B．As a result C．Even so D．Generally speaking 52．A．fact B．routine C．law D．details 53．A．have B．lack C．expect D．improve 54．A．answer B．provide C．handle D．collect 55．A．experimental B．risky C．unnecessary D．reliable 56．A．scared of B．open to C．pleased with D．responsible for 57．A．awareness B．innovation C．emotion D．curiosity 58．A．fitting in B．hanging on C．making sense D．achieving goals 59．A．refused B．blamed C．ignored D．contributed 60．A．civilization B．control C．loss D．pressure （23-24高二上·福建福州·期末）Back in 1930, one economist predicted that with technological change and improvements in productivity, we’d only be working 15 hours a week by now. But while working hours have 61 by 26%, most of us still average 42.5 hours a week. One of the things he underestimated is the human desire to 62 with our peers. So when some predicted that automation would create an extra amount of 63 time, needless to say, that didn’t happen. In the 1980s, managers could demand employees under the 64 that jobs could be given to someone else thanks to computerization. The 65 piled on. Overwork has been proven to 66 many diseases and even death. 67 we carried on — until COVID-19 came along. Besides making us work longer hours from home, COVID-19 bas also 68 the move towards the adoption of automated machine. By 2050, some professor predicts that at least 40% of current jobs will be lost to 69 . There are 70 . Jobs that involve complex social interactions are all likely to 71 the AI revolution. As are jobs that rely on creativity. The same also goes for 72 jobs, due to the large number of different objects and the variety of ways those objects need to be cleaned. Also, robots are unlikely to 73 in the “work” of taking care of children, preparing lunchboxes, etc. Those whose work falls outside the caring, cleaning or creative field will still work in future, just 74 . In about 60% of occupations, a third of the tasks can be automated, meaning changes to the way we work. One study has predicted that over the next 20 years, 7.2 million new jobs will be 75 as a result. So we will work in future: we just don’t know what we’ll be doing yet. 61．A．declined B．increased C．continued D．kept 62．A．disagree B．compete C．cooperate D．identify 63．A．working B．tough C．leisure D．active 64．A．fantasy B．influence C．threat D．impression 65．A．joy B．cash C．ambition D．pressure 66．A．attend to B．lead to C．appeal to D．add to 67．A．Otherwise B．Still C．Furthermore D．Therefore 68．A．speeded up B．followed up C．prepared for D．planned for 69．A．overwork B．labour C．automation D．science 70．A．dreams B．models C．expectations D．exceptions 71．A．cause B．cease C．survive D．undergo 72．A．caring B．cleaning C．curing D．coaching 73．A．assist B．exist C．believe D．understand 74．A．hardly B．differently C．unfortunately D．probably 75．A．lost B．recovered C．substituted D．created （23-24高二上·江苏连云港·期末）In Nairobi, Kenya, Richard Turere, a twelve-year-old Maasai boy, had come up with a surprising invention. His family raised cattle, and one of the biggest 76 was protecting them at night from lion attacks. Richard had noticed that a still campfire didn’t fear the lions, 77 walking around waving a torch did seem to work. The lions were apparently afraid of 78 lights! Richard had somehow taught himself 79 by messing around with parts taken from his parents’ radio. He used that knowledge to 80 a system of lights that would turn on and off in order, 81 a sense of movement. It was built from scrapyard (废弃场) 82 —solar panels, a car battery, and a motorcycle indicator box. He installed (安装)the lights and the lion attacks 83 . News of his invention spread and other villages wanted in. Instead of seeking to 84 the lions as they had done before, they installed Richard’s “lion lights”. Both villagers and pro-lion(亲狮的)environmentalists were 85 . Because of his invention, Richard won a(n) 86 to one of Kenya’s best schools, and was 87 to give a TED Talk. He got on an airplane for the first time in his life and 88 to Long Beach, California. As he walked onto the TED stage, you could tell he was nervous, but that only made him more 89 . As Richard spoke, people were focusing on every word he said, and every time he smiled, the audience 90 . When he finished, people just stood and cheered. 76．A．conflicts B．investments C．foundations D．challenges 77．A．and B．but C．or D．until 78．A．moving B．shining C．faint D．intense 79．A．farming B．hunting C．economics D．electronics 80．A．adjust B．assess C．invent D．display 81．A．affecting B．creating C．monitoring D．damaging 82．A．tools B．metals C．parts D．machines 83．A．continued B．stopped C．increased D．stayed 84．A．kill B．raise C．train D．protect 85．A．worried B．happy C．moved D．disappointed 86．A．election B．argument C．competition D．scholarship 87．A．ordered B．invited C．instructed D．forced 88．A．ran B．swam C．flew D．drove 89．A．amusing B．confusing C．engaging D．frightening 90．A．melted B．cried C．argued D．apologized （23-24高二上·安徽·阶段练习）Today, the Braille writing system is the most well-known language system used by blind people all over the world to read and write. It was 91 by Louis Braille, a young blind child at the age of 12, to 92 the way blind people read books at the time. At age 10, Louis Braille got a(n) 93 provided by France’s National Institution of Blind Youth, where he took up piano. It was there that he first heard a(n) 94 , given by a soldier, who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without 95 , at night, in battle. Braille was very 96 and realized that the writing system could actually be adapted to a writing/reading system 97 to the blind. He set out and worked to 98 the soldier’s code. After two years of hard work, Braille 99 the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time, 100 developing a machine with a friend that let blind people type in the regular alphabet. Braille published his system when he was 20. Despite the 101 from his fellow blind students, the system was refused by some 102 and school board members—they 103 that blind people might take away their jobs. Braille 104 as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution. It was only after his death that the system caught attention and became the 105 way blind people read and write around the world. 91．A．ignored B．invented C．analyzed D．accepted 92．A．improve B．recommend C．stress D．advocate 93．A．requirement B．introduction C．scholarship D．response 94．A．suggestion B．announcement C．lecture D．argument 95．A．thinking B．marking C．moving D．speaking 96．A．tired B．upset C．confused D．interested 97．A．familiar B．beneficial C．fair D．safe 98．A．perfect B．defend C．remove D．share 99．A．figured out B．looked into C．carried on D．picked up 100．A．originally B．regularly C．eventually D．apparently 101．A．decision B．comment C．praise D．doubt 102．A．pianists B．interviewers C．soldiers D．instructors 103．A．hoped B．feared C．confirmed D．promised 104．A．recovered B．succeeded C．struggled D．judged 105．A．common B．similar C．easy D．rare （23-24高二上·安徽芜湖·阶段练习）Alexis Lewis, a 7-year-old girl, set out with her family on a trip to explore different parts of the country. During the hours on the road, her grandfather, a rocket scientist, would 106 cool ideas with Alexis about science. Eventually, everything her grandfather said 107 Alexis to become a(n) 108 . Fast forward to the 2017 Kid Inventors’ Day event held on January 17 in Brooklyn, New York. Alexis, 17, was one of the seven kid inventors who attended the 109 . With an audience of 50 people in person and more than many others watching on Facebook Live, Alexis 110 her award-winning invention, the Bamboo Travois. It is a lightweight device made of bamboo, a net rope as well as wheels. A person can use the travois to carry someone else while walking long 111 . Alexis also 112 another one of her inventions: the Emergency Mask Pod. It is a football-shaped canister (小罐) that 113 a smoke mask and can be thrown through the window of a 114 building. People inside the building can put on the mask to 115 themselves from smoke inhalation (吸入). 116 firefighters helped her test the 117 by throwing it hundreds of times into windows of second-storey buildings. The world 118 new thinkers like Alexis and other young inventors who 119 the event. Kids are the ones who can solve the 120 that the older generation creates. It’s our job as adults to show kids the possibilities of what they can make and create. 106．A．receive B．ask C．share D．make 107．A．inspired B．suggested C．persuaded D．praised 108．A．nurse B．teacher C．artist D．inventor 109．A．event B．accident C．organization D．club 110．A．competed for B．talked about C．gave up D．looked into 111．A．highways B．distances C．blocks D．voyages 112．A．made B．discovered C．gave D．presented 113．A．contains B．means C．avoids D．attaches 114．A．rising B．burning C．nice D．tall 115．A．escape B．bring C．protect D．help 116．A．Local B．Foreign C．Brave D．Famous 117．A．discovery B．invention C．examination D．introduction 118．A．appears B．leaves C．needs D．develops 119．A．know B．cause C．arrange D．attend 120．A．chances B．positions C．problems D．jobs 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了园艺师奥马尔决心将海藻变为资源，终在2018年发明海藻砖，创办SargaBlock公司。这些环保砖块获联合国支持，映射出他战胜个人困厄的历程。 1．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是大多数人看好的东西。A. look upon看待；B. bring in引入；C. give up放弃；D. come across遇到。根据前文的“Sargassum is the smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean.”可知，马尾藻是一种堆积在加勒比海海滩上的臭海藻，人们不喜欢这种东西， look upon意为“看待”，在此处符合句意，表达人们对海藻的态度不是积极的。故选A项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于园艺师奥马尔·德瓦兹来说，这更像是一个礼物。A. game游戏；B. gift礼物；C. race竞赛；D. trouble麻烦。根据后文的“But, as its 4 intensified, he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 5 a way to use it in building blocks.”可知，奥马尔找到了利用这种海藻的方法，变废为宝，所以用gift“礼物”来形容最贴切。故选B项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，作为他园艺生意的一部分，奥马尔发起了一项海滩清理服务，以清除海藻。A. access访问，进入；B. harvest收获；C. remove移除；D. process处理。根据前文的“Omar launched a beach cleanup service to”可知，奥马尔发起了一项海滩清理服务，所以要清除海藻。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，随着它的存在增强，他开始考虑如何将其变成有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑材料的方法。A. heat热；B. image形象；C. presence存在，出现；D. movement运动。根据后文的“he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____5____ a way to use it in building blocks.”可知，海藻出现的越来越多，变得越来越严重，他必须考虑其他方法应对。故选C项。 5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，随着它的存在增强，他开始考虑如何将其变成有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑材料的方法。A. worked out解决；B. called for需要；C. showed off炫耀；D. turned down拒绝。根据后文的“a way to use it in building blocks”可知，他找到利用海藻的方法。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他创办了自己的公司SargaBlock，推销这种砖，联合国开发计划署（UNDP）强调这种砖是解决当前环境问题的可持续解决方案。A. highlighted突出，强调；B. undervalued低估；C. overemphasized过度强调；D. withdrawn撤回。根据后文的“by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem”可知，这种砖是解决当前环境问题的可持续解决方案，联合国开发计划署对此进行强调。故选A项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当我看着SargaBlock的时候，就像照镜子一样。”他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，包括吸毒和酗酒。A. window窗户；B. mirror镜子；C. dictionary字典；D. puzzle谜题。根据前文的“When I look at SargaBlock, it’s like looking in a”可知，这里比喻SargaBlock像一面镜子反映出他的个人经历。故选B项。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当我看着SargaBlock的时候，就像照镜子一样。”他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，包括吸毒和酗酒。A. struggles挣扎；B. fears恐惧；C. desires渴望；D. opinions观点。根据前文的“comparing his company to overcoming his personal”和后文“including drug and alcohol addiction”可知，他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，struggles指的是“斗争，挣扎”，符合个人挑战的描述。故选A项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那段时间我觉得自己不受欢迎，被拒绝，就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样。A. appreciated欣赏；B. infected感染；C. interrupted打断；D. rejected拒绝，摈弃。根据句中“when I felt unwanted”以及后文的“like the sargassum people complained about”可知，本句描述奥马尔当时的感受，他觉得自己不受欢迎，被他人摈弃、拒绝，就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，奥马尔在自然和贫困中长大，这塑造了他的性格，使他成为一个采取行动的人。A. fitted适合；B. shaped塑造；C. revealed揭示；D. described描述。根据前文的“Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty”和后文“his character and turned him into someone who takes action”可知，这里指自然和贫困的环境对他的性格形成有影响，这些塑造了他的性格。故选B项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，奥马尔将他的想法付诸实践，将40%的马尾藻与其他有机材料（如粘土）混合，然后将其放入砌块成型机中。A. operation操作；B. words话语；C. bills账单；D. profit利润。根据后文的“mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then puts into a block-forming machine”可知，奥马尔将他的想法付诸实施，创造了新的解决方案。put ... into operation意为“实施，执行”符合语境。故选A项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程正在转变。A. difficult困难的；B. transforming转变的；C. natural自然的；D. consuming重要的，令人着迷的。根据后文的“The UNDP selected Omar’s work for their Accelerator Lab, which ___13___ and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally.”可知，他的新方法得到联合国开发计划署的认可，这个过程正在转变海藻的处理方式。故选B项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：联合国开发计划署将奥马尔的作品选入其加速器实验室，该实验室负责识别和认可应对全球环境挑战的创新解决方案。A. combines结合；B. provides提供；C. identifies识别，确认；D. drafts起草。根据后文的“and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally”可知，该实验室负责识别和认可应对全球环境挑战的创新解决方案，identifies意味着“识别，确认”，符合实验室寻找并确认创新方案的职责。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的想法是，一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人。A. responses应对，反应，回应；B. reminder提醒物；C. appeal吸引力；D. issues议题，争论点。根据后文的“come from locals”可知，联合国开发计划署认为最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人， responses指的是“应对，反应，回应”，这里指针对环境问题的解决方案。故选A项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的想法是，一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人。A. alongside在旁边；B. offshore近海地，离岸地；C. underneath在下面，在底下；D. firsthand直接地，第一手地。根据上文“But, as its ___4____ intensified (增多，加剧), he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____5___ a way to use it in building blocks. ”以及句中“come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas”可知，直接遭受困境的当地人想出创意性的解决问题的方法，即一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人，firsthand意味着“直接地，第一手地”符合语境。故选D项。 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．D 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．C 25．B 26．D 27．A 28．D 29．B 30．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了非洲著名建筑师Francis Kere通过和当地人合作，设计出了实用的学校。并且，他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他在这一领域的巅峰之旅远非一帆风顺。A. angle角；B. welfare福利；C. journey旅程；D. border边界。根据后文“to the peak of his field”此处指他在自己所在领域带到巅峰的旅程，故选C。 17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在一个没有幼儿园的村庄长大，被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室。A. perceived感知；B. crowded挤进；C. estimated估计；D. reacted反应。根据后文“into an extremely hot classroom with over 100 students”可知，教室人很多，他是被挤进去的。故选B。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种糟糕的建筑设施的经历促成了他对当地儿童更好的教育生活的愿景，利用建筑。A. trick诡计；B. infection感染；C. qualification资格；D. experience经历。此处指上文他被挤进一个有100多名学生的非常热的教室的经历，故选D。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他大学毕业后帮助在村里设计了一所学校，由此获得了早期的名声。A. integrate合并；B. chart记录；C. oppose反对；D. design设计。根据上文“Thirteen years later, he boarded a plane for Germany on a scholarship to study architecture.( 13年后，他拿着奖学金登上了飞往德国学习建筑的飞机)”可知，他学习的是建筑，所以是设计学校。故选D。 20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A. banned禁止；B. encouraged鼓励；C. ordered命令；D. warned警告。根据后文“the whole village to provide ideas”指他鼓励全村人出谋划策，设计学校。故选B。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励全村的人出谋划策，并把草图画在沙子上让大家看。A. firm公司；B. soil土壤；C. draft草稿；D. gesture姿势。根据后文“on sand for all to see”可知，画在沙子上的是最初的设计草稿。故选C。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，他让他们参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土。A. Moreover此外；B. Otherwise否则；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。后文参与建造学校，使用当地的木材和粘土，是对上文的补充说明应用moreover。故选A。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A. blocks阻塞；B. delays推迟；C. refuses拒绝；D. allows允许。根据后文“ventilation in a hot climate”可知，他设计的“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，故选D。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们努力工作的结果是一个受欢迎的结构，“浮动”屋顶允许在炎热的气候下通风，墙壁开口为学生提供光照，即使没有电也可以学习。A. wind风；B. fire火；C. light光线；D. air空气。根据上文“wall openings that bring”以及后文“even without electricity”可知，墙壁上开口是为了提供光线照明，故选C。 25．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他向村民们表明，应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法总是近在咫尺。A. subscribe to订阅；B. deal with处理；C. participate in参加；D. depend on依靠。根据后文“climate or other challenges”以及上文他的设计很方便实用，可知此处指应对气候变化或其他挑战的想法。故选B。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个过程中，当地人学到了一些实用的技能，这些技能以后可以用来找工作。A. academic学术的；B. urgent紧急的；C. severe严重的；D. practical实际的，实用的。根据后文“skills that they could later use to find work”可知，这些技能可以用来找工作，说明很实用。故选D。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过与他们合作，Kere挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。A. challenged挑战；B. declared宣布；C. attracted吸引；D. agreed同意。根据后文“everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues”可知，他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，这挑战了气候解决方案始于大型机构的想法。故选A。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A. denied否认；B. suspected怀疑；C. imagined想象；D. demonstrated证明。根据后文“everyone could contribute to addressing the major issues”结合上文他的设计可知，建筑师通过实践表明了每个人都可以对重大问题做出贡献，故选D。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他表明，每个人都可以通过地方行动，为解决与教育和气候有关的重大问题做出贡献，并产生全球影响。A. ignore忽视；B. generate产生；C. miss错过；D. lose失去。根据后文“a global impact”指地方行动可以产生全球影响。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的创新植根于每个社区的“独特”方面，被几十个国家的建筑师采用。A. innovation创新；B. fantasy幻想；C. patience耐心；D. expense花费。根据后文“is rooted in the “unique” aspects of each community now”可知，他根据社区的独特性进行了创新，故选A。 31．B 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．A 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Meghana从中学起就对科学研究感兴趣，发明了很多东西帮助别人，也利用自己的知识帮助那些对科学感兴趣的人，并在学校开办科学博览研讨会以帮助更多的人。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢有机会帮助别人，改善他们的生活。A. misunderstood误解；B. loved喜欢；C. doubted怀疑；D. abandoned遗弃。根据空后“to be able to help people and improve their life”以及下文“Her first inventions were water filters…”和“Her latest invention…”提及她的很多发明可知，她喜欢帮助别人，改善别人的生活，故选B。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从中学开始，Meghana就对科学研究非常感兴趣。A. social社会的；B. industrial工业的；C. medical医疗的；D. scientific科学的。根据下文“Her first inventions were water filters…”和“Her latest invention…”以及“Following the success of her science fair projects”可知，她发明了很多东西，故此处指对科学研究感兴趣，故选D。 33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的第一个发明是水过滤器，这是她听到农村社区面临水传播疾病后的灵感。A. make制作；B. require要求，需要；C. repair修理；D. evaluate评价，评估。which指代先行词Her first inventions，make inventions“发明”，固定短语，故选A。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. overlooking忽视；B. directing指导，指挥；C. facing面临，面对；D. replacing替代。根据第一段中“she successfully created water filters (过滤器) to help Indian families struggling with waterborne (水传播的) illnesses (她成功地创造了过滤器，帮助印度家庭与水传播疾病作斗争)”可知，她发明过滤器帮助印度家庭与水传播的疾病作斗争，说明农村社区面临水传播的疾病问题，她由此产生灵感，故选C。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的最新发明——超级电容器的电极——也与环境科学有关，也是她对该领域感兴趣的一部分。A. related联系；B. adapted适应；C. compared比较；D. opposed反对。此处指“与环境科学有关”，be related to“和……有关”，固定短语，故选A。 36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个过程充满了尝试和错误，并不容易。A. record记录；B. examination检查，考试；C. process过程；D. appeal上诉，呼吁。根据“filled with trial and error”以及“Through ten months of research”可知，本段是描述她的发明过程，故选C。 37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. original原来的；B. complex复杂的；C. similar类似的；D. easy容易的。根据“filled with trial and error”可知，发明过程充满了尝试和错误，并不容易，故选D。 38．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个产品的成本不到1美元，非常经济。A. chemically化学上；B. economically在经济上；C. culturally文化上；D. historically历史上地。根据“costing less than $1”可知，该产品非常经济实惠，故选B。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Meghana用她的知识帮助其他对科学感兴趣的人。A. nervous紧张的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. upset难过的，沮丧的；D. curious好奇的。结合空前的“also”以及下文“many science students connected with her”可知，Meghana中学时就对科学研究感兴趣，她用她的知识帮助其他也对科学感兴趣的人，be curious about“对……好奇”，故选D。 40．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，很多寻求帮助的请求来了，而Meghana无法回复所有的请求。A. requests要求，请求；B. habits习惯；C. warnings警告；D. standards标准。根据上文“many science students connected with her, wanting her help on their research projects (许多理科生与她联系，希望她帮助他们的研究项目)”以及空后“seeking help”可知，很多人请求她的帮助，故选A。 41．考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. give away捐赠；B. call on呼吁；C. reply to答复，回复；D. depend on依靠。根据上文“lots of ____10____ came seeking help”可知，很多人请求帮助，此处指他无法回复所有的请求，故选C。 42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，Meghana仍然想帮助尽可能多的人。A. However然而；B. Instead相反；C. Otherwise否则；D. Also而且，此外。上文“Meghana couldn’t ____11____ all of them”提到她无法回复所有人，与下文“Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible”之间是转折关系，故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在高中开始了一个科学博览会研讨会系列项目。A. envied嫉妒，羡慕；B. bothered打扰；C. approved赞成；D. started开始。结合上文“Meghana still wanted to help as many people as possible.”以及下文“a ScienceFair Workshop Series program at her high school”可知，她仍然想帮助尽可能多的人，所以开始了一个科学博览会研讨会系列项目，故选D。 44．考查固定短语辨析。句意：把这个项目带到她的学校只是她致力于通过教育改变世界的一步。A. impression on对……的印象；B. commitment to对……的承诺，投入，献身；C. independence of依靠；D. reference to参考，关于。结合第一段中“She ____1____ the opportunity to be able to help people and improve their life.”可知，她喜欢帮助别人，改善别人的生活，也发明了很多东西帮助别人，故此处指致力于通过教育改变世界，故选B。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心那些难以获得教育资源的人会有多么困难。A. supplying供应；B. commenting评论；C. accessing访问，进入，到达；D. removing移除。结合“ how difficult it is”可知，应是难以获得教育资源的人处境艰难，故选C。 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．C 52．A 53．B 54．C 55．B 56．D 57．A 58．C 59．C 60．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了最近在社交网络上突然走红的聊天机器人ChatGPT，谈到了它受到用户关注的原因以及引发的问题。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的受欢迎程度如此之高，以至于在发布几天后，开发这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，已有100万人使用过它。A. attempt尝试；B. popularity受欢迎；C. purpose目的；D. solution解决方法。根据上文“has dominated social networks in recent weeks.”以及下文“announced that 1 million people had used”可推知，此处表示该软件是如此之大，以至于推出这款聊天机器人的人工智能公司OpenAI宣布，在它发布的几天内，就有100万人使用它。故选B项。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。A. level水平，程度；B. quality质量；C. focus焦点；D. goal目标。根据上文“announced that 1 million people had used.”可知，ChatGPT几天就有100万人登录了,相比之下，Facebook和Spotify花了几个月时间才吸引到这样的参与程度。故选A项。 48．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在软件中，没有什么新东西可以产生流畅和逻辑的写作。A. harmful伤害的；B. positive积极的；C. new新颖的；D. obvious明显的。根据下文“ChatGPT’s predecessor(前身), the Generative Pretrained Transformer 3 (GPT-3), could do that too.”可知，(GPT-3)也可以做到这一点，因此，在软件中没有什么新奇的东西能写出流畅而有逻辑的文字。故选C项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。A. creative有创造力的；B. general普遍的；C. simple简单的；D. incredible难以置信的。根据下文“which significantly  _____5_____  the truthfulness and informativeness(信息准确性) of its answers.”可推知，此处为两个程序都接受了难以想象的大量数据训练，以可信的方式回答问题。故选D项。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但ChatGPT已经通过提供人类“对话”的数据进行了更新，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。A. transformed转换；B. impressed打动；C. increased增加；D. limited限制。根据前文“Both were trained on an unimaginably large amount of data to answer questions in a/an  _____4_____  way.”，以及本句中“But ChatGPT has been updated by being given the data on human “conversations””可知，此处应为但ChatGPT通过输入人类“对话”数据进行了更新，这大大提高了其答案的真实性和信息量。故选C项。 51．考查固定短语辨析。句意：即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但不正确或荒谬的答案。A. In brief简言之；B. As a result结果是；C. Even so即便如此；D. Generally speaking一般而言。根据下文“ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical”可推知，此处为即便如此，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。故选C项。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”A. fact事实；B. routine惯例；C. law法律；D. details细节。根据上文“ChatGPT still produces answers that seem reasonable but are incorrect or nonsensical”可知，ChatGPT仍然会给出一些看似合理但实际上是不正确或毫无意义的答案。因此就连机器人自己也会说：“我的回答并不打算被视为事实。”故选A项。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。A. have有；B. lack缺乏；C. expect期待；D. improve提高。根据该句中的“This might be a big problem on the Internet”以及“to protect themselves against a flood of AI-generated content.”可知，此处为这可能是互联网上的一个大问题，因为许多网络平台缺乏保护自己免受人工智能生成内容洪流影响的能力。故选B项。 54． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像Stack Overflow这样的网站，用户可以在上面找到与编程相关的问题的答案，不得不禁止ChatGPT发布的帖子，因为它的人工版主无法处理大量令人难以置信但错误的回复。A. answer回答；B. provide提供；C. handle处理；D. collect收集。根据下文“could be used to produce fake news and messages.”可推知，此处为因为它的人工版主无法处理大量可信但错误的回复。the volume of意为“大量的”，故选C项。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。A. experimental实验性的；B. risky有风险的；C. unnecessary不需要的；D. reliable可靠的。 根据下文“Using Chat GPT too much raises the question of whether content produced by it can be truly trusted.”以及“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可推知，此处为提供可用于大规模制造假新闻和假信息的工具是有风险的。故选B项。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。A. scared of害怕；B. open to对……开放；C. pleased with对……满意；D. responsible for对……负责。 根据下文“Artificial intelligence is not artificial ______12______ : Chat GPT does not know what it is doing”可推知，此处为人类作者要对自己的作品负责，而人工智能则不用。故选D项。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人工智能不是人工意识。A. awareness意识；B. innovation创新；C. emotion情感；D. curiosity好奇心。根据下文“Chat GPT does not know what it is doing”可知，ChatGPT不知道它在做什么，因此人工智能不是人工意识。故选A项。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。A. fitting in适合；B. hanging on坚持下去；C. making sense有意义；D. achieving goals实现目标。根据句意以及该句中的“it doesn’t have human experience”可知，此处为它不了解人类的经验，也不知道这些经验是否有意义。故选C项。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。A. refused拒绝；B. blamed责怪；C. ignored忽视；D. contributed有助于。根据下文“In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可知，人工智能如果落入坏人之手，它可能成为伤害人类和社会的武器。因此其潜在危害不应被低估。故选C项。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：OpenAI的研究人员警告说：“人类的监督和谨慎是必要的。”A. civilization文明；B. control控制；C. loss损失；D. pressure压力。根据上文“AI’s potential for harm should not be  ______14______ . In the wrong hands, it could be a weapon to harm people and society.”可知，人工智能的潜在危害不应被低估。如果落入坏人之手，它可能成为伤害人类和社会的武器，因此人类对其监督和谨慎是必要的。故选B项。 61．A 62．B 63．C 64．C 65．D 66．B 67．B 68．A 69．C 70．D 71．C 72．B 73．A 74．B 75．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类工作时间的变化以及自动化对工作方式的影响。 61． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，虽然工作时间减少了26%，我们大多数人每周平均工作时间仍然是42.5小时。A. declined下降；B. increased增加；C. continued继续；D. kept保持。根据上文“we’d only be working 15 hours a week by now”以及but表转折可知，虽然工作时间减少了26%，我们大多数人每周平均工作时间仍然是42.5小时，while引导让步状语从句，表转折。故选A 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低估了人类与同龄人竞争的欲望。A. disagree不同意；B. compete比赛；C. cooperate合作；D. identify识别。根据下文“with our peers”可知，人类喜欢和同伴竞争，导致大多数人工作得比我们需要的更多。故选B。 63． 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当一些人预测自动化将创造更多的闲暇时间时，不用说，这并没有发生。A. working有工作的；B. tough艰难的；C. leisure闲暇的；D. active活跃的。根据上文“automation would create an extra amount of”可知，自动化应该带来更多的闲暇时间。故选C。 64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于20世纪80年代的计算机化，管理人员可以在工作可能被交给别人的威胁下对员工提出更多的要求。A. fantasy幻想；B. influence影响；C. threat威胁；D. impression印象。根据下文“that jobs could be given to someone else”可知，管理人员可以在工作可能被交给别人的威胁下对员工提出更多的要求。故选C。 65． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：压力越来越大。A. joy玩笑；B. cash现金；C. ambition抱负；D. pressure压力。根据下文“Overwork”可知，这里指人类的压力越来越大了。故选D。 66．考查动词短语辨析。句意：工作过度已被证明会导致许多疾病甚至死亡。A. attend to处理；B. lead to导致；C. appeal to呼吁；D. add to增加。由下文“many diseases and even death”可知，这里指过多工作导致许多疾病。故选B。 67． 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们仍然坚持了下来，直到COVID-19出现。A. Otherwise否则；B. Still仍然；C. Furthermore此外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“Overwork has been proven to 　6　 many diseases and even death.”以及下文“we carried on”可知，过度工作虽然有很多坏处，但我们仍然坚持下来了。故选B。 68．考查动词短语辨析。句意：除了让我们在家工作的时间更长外，新冠肺炎还加快了采用自动化机器的步伐。A. speeded up加速；B. followed up跟上；C. prepared for准备；D. planned for制定计划。根据下文“some professor predicts that at least 40% of current jobs will be lost to 　9　.”可知，COVID-19加速了自动化机器的采用。故选A。 69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些教授预测，到2050年，至少40%的现有工作岗位将因自动化而流失。A. overwork劳累过度；B. labour劳动；C. automation自动化；D. science科学。根据上文“the move towards the adoption of automated machine”可知，这里指到2050年，目前至少40%的工作岗位将被自动化取代。故选C。 70． 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也有例外。A. dreams梦想；B. models模型；C. expectations期待；D. exceptions例外。根据下文“Jobs that involve complex social interactions are all likely to 　11　 the AI revolution.”可知，不是所有的工作都会被取代，有一些工作例外。故选D。 71． 考查动词词义辨析。句意：涉及复杂社会互动的工作都有可能在人工智能革命中幸存下来。A. cause造成；B. cease终止；C. survive生存；D. undergo经历。根据上文“Jobs that involve complex social interactions”可知，涉及复杂社会互动的工作有可能在人工智能革命中幸存下来。故选C。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：清洁工作也是如此，因为有大量不同的物体以及清洁这些物体的方式多种多样。A. caring关心；B. cleaning清理；C. curing治愈；D. coaching指导。根据下文“due to the large number of different objects and the variety of ways those objects need to be cleaned”可知，此处指清洁工作。故选B。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，机器人不太可能协助照顾孩子、准备午餐盒等“工作”。A. assist帮助，协助；B. exist存在；C. believe相信；D. understand理解。根据下文“taking care of children, preparing lunchboxes, etc”可知，这里指机器人不太可能协助照顾孩子、准备午餐盒等工作。故选A。 74．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那些工作不在护理、清洁或创意领域的人将来仍然会工作，只是工作方式不同而已。A. hardly几乎不；B. differently不同地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. probably可能。根据上文“Those whose work falls outside the caring, cleaning or creative field will still work in future”以及just可知，这里指这些工作还是存在，只是工作方式有所不同。指故选B。 75．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一项研究预测，在未来20年内，将因此创造720万个新的就业机会。A. lost丢失；B. recovered恢复；C. substituted代替；D. created创造。根据下文“So we will work in future: we just don’t know what we’ll be doing yet.”可知，人类将来仍然会工作。说明是产生720万个新创造出岗位。故选D。 76．D 77．B 78．A 79．D 80．C 81．B 82．C 83．B 84．A 85．B 86．D 87．B 88．C 89．C 90．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了肯尼亚的一名男孩Richard Turere发明了一种“狮子灯”，可以通过闪光吓跑狮子，让他们不攻击牲畜，并因此被邀请参加TED演讲。 76．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的家人养牛，最大的挑战之一是在晚上保护它们免受狮子的袭击。A. conflicts冲突；B. investments调查；C. foundations基础；D. challenges挑战。根据下文“protecting them at night from lion attacks”可知，最大的挑战之一是在晚上保护它们免受狮子的袭击。故选D项。 77．考查连词词义辨析。句意：理查德注意到，静止的篝火并不能使狮子害怕，但挥舞着火炬四处走动似乎确实奏效了。A. and和；B. but但是；C. or或者；D. until直到。根据上文“a still campfire didn’t fear the lions”及下文“walking around waving a torch did seem to work”可知，前后两句为转折关系。故选B项。 78．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：狮子们显然害怕移动的灯光！A. moving移动的；B. shining发光的；C. faint微弱的；D. intense强烈的。根据上文“walking around waving a torch did seem to work”可知，狮子害怕移动的光。故选A项。 79．考查名词词义辨析。句意：理查德通过摆弄从父母收音机里拿出的零件，自学了电子技术。A. farming耕作；B. hunting打猎；C. economics经济学；D. electronics电子学。根据下文“by messing around with parts taken from his parents’ radio”可知，理查德摆弄父母收音机里的零件，自学的应是电子学。故选D项。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他利用这些知识发明了一种按顺序开关的灯光系统，创造了一种运动感。A. adjust调整；B. assess评估；C. invent发明；D. display展示。根据下文“a system of lights that would turn on and off in order”可知，他是发明了一种按顺序开关的灯光系统。故选C项。 81．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他利用这些知识发明了一种按顺序开关的灯光系统，创造了一种运动感。A. affecting影响；B. creating创造；C. monitoring监管；D. damaging破坏。根据上文“He used that knowledge to ___5___ a system of lights that would turn on and off in order”可知，他发明了一种按顺序开关的灯光系统，因此产生了运动感。故选B项。 82．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它是用废料场的零件——太阳能电池板、汽车电池和摩托车指示盒——建造的。A. tools工具；B. metals金属；C. parts零件；D. machines机器。根据下文“solar panels, a car battery, and a motorcycle indicator box”可知，这个灯光系统是用废料场的这些零件建造的。故选C项。 83．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他安装了灯，狮子的攻击停止了。A. continued继续；B. stopped停止；C. increased增加；D. stayed保持。根据上文“walking around waving a torch did seem to work”可知，移动的灯对狮子的攻击有效果，故他安装灯光系统后，狮子的攻击停止了。故选B项。 84．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们没有像以前那样试图杀死狮子，而是安装了理查德的“狮子灯”。A. kill杀死；B. raise提高；C. train训练；D. protect保护。根据下文“Both villagers and pro-lion environmentalists were ___10___ ”可知，村民和亲狮的环保人士都很高兴，是因为村民没有像以前那样试图杀死狮子。故选A项。 85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：村民和亲狮的环保人士都很高兴。A. worried担心的；B. happy高兴的；C. moved感动的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“Instead of seeking to ___9___ the lions as they had done before, they installed Richard’s “lion lights””可知，村民不再像以前那样杀死狮子，故村民和亲狮的环保人士都很高兴。故选B项。 86．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于他的发明，理查德获得了肯尼亚最好的学校之一的奖学金，并被邀请做TED演讲。A. election选举；B. argument争论；C. competition比赛；D. scholarship奖学金。根据上文“Because of his invention, Richard won”及下文“one of Kenya’s best schools”可知，由于他的发明，理查德获得了肯尼亚最好的学校之一的奖学金。故选D项。 87．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他的发明，理查德获得了肯尼亚最好的学校之一的奖学金，并被邀请做TED演讲。A. ordered命令；B. invited邀请；C. instructed指导；D. forced强迫。根据下文“As he walked onto the TED stage”可知，他被邀请做TED演讲。故选B项。 88．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有生以来第一次坐上飞机，飞往加利福尼亚州的长滩。A. ran跑；B. swam游泳；C. flew飞；D. drove驾驶。根据上文“He got on an airplane”可知，他乘坐飞机飞往加利福尼亚州的长滩。故选C项。 89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他走上TED的舞台时，你可以看出他很紧张，但这只会让他更有趣。A. amusing令人发笑的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. engaging有趣的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据上文“you could tell he was nervous, but that only made him more”可知，他在舞台上很紧张，但人们感觉他的紧张让他更有趣。故选C项。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当理查德讲话时，人们都在关注他说的每一句话，每当他微笑时，观众的心都会融化。A. melted融化；B. cried大哭；C. argued争论；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“but that only made him more___14____ . As Richard spoke,people were focusing on every word he said, and every time he smiled”可知，他紧张观众都会觉得他有趣，故他微笑时，观众为之倾倒，心都融化了。故选A项。 91．B 92．A 93．C 94．C 95．D 96．D 97．B 98．A 99．A 100．C 101．C 102．D 103．B 104．B 105．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了法国盲人Louis Braille在一次学校讲座中听到一位士兵讲述战斗中运用代码的故事，受此启发他发明了“布莱叶盲文”。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是由一个12岁的盲童，路易斯·布莱叶发明的，旨在改善当时盲人的阅读方式。A. ignored忽略；B. invented发明；C. analyzed分析；D. accepted接受。根据下文“Braille published his system when he was 20.”可知，盲文书写系统是由布莱叶发明的。故选B项。 92．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是由一个12岁的盲童，路易斯·布莱叶发明的，旨在改善当时盲人的阅读方式。A. improve改善；B. recommend推荐；C. stress强调；D. advocate提倡。根据下文“the way blind people read books at the time”以及“Braille was very  ____6____  and realized that the writing system could actually be adapted to a writing/reading system  ____7____  to the blind.”可知，此处表示布莱叶发明盲文书写系统，目的在于改善当时盲人的阅读方式。故选A项。 93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：10岁时，路易斯·布莱叶获得了法国国家盲人青年研究所提供的奖学金，在那里他开始学习钢琴。A. requirement要求；B. introduction介绍；C. scholarship奖学金；D. response回答。根据下文“provided by France’s National Institution of Blind Youth, where he took up piano.”可知，布莱叶获得的是法国国家盲人青年研究所提供的奖学金，所以他可以在那里学习钢琴。故选C项。 94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是在那里，他第一次听到了一位士兵的演讲，他告诉孩子们，他的战友们在战斗中经常在晚上不说话的情况下交流。A. suggestion建议；B. announcement公告；C. lecture讲座；D. argument论点。根据下文“given by a soldier, who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without  ____5____ , at night, in battle.”以及常识可知，此处表示一位士兵给孩子们做的讲座。故选C项。 95．考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是在那里，他第一次听到了一位士兵的演讲，他告诉孩子们，他的战友们在战斗中经常在晚上不说话的情况下交流。A. thinking思考；B. marking做记号；C. moving移动；D. speaking说话。根据上文“who told the children about a code (代码) his fellow soldiers used to communicate without”以及常识可知，在晚上的战斗中，士兵和战友需要保持安静，所以此处表示他们进行交流时并没有说话。故选D项。 96．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布莱叶对此非常感兴趣，并意识到书写系统实际上可以适应一种对盲人有益的书写/阅读系统。A. tired累的；B. upset沮丧的；C. confused困惑的；D. interested感兴趣的。根据下文“He set out and worked to  ____8____  the soldier’s code.”可知，布莱叶对此非常感兴趣，开始研究士兵们的代码。故选D项。 97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：布莱叶对此非常感兴趣，并意识到书写系统实际上可以适应一种对盲人有益的书写/阅读系统。A. familiar熟悉的；B. beneficial有益的；C. fair公平的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“He set out and worked to  ____8____  the soldier’s code.”可知，布莱叶开始研究士兵的代码，推测此处表示布莱叶意识到书写系统可能对盲人有益处。故选B项。 98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始工作并努力完善士兵的代码。A. perfect完善；B. defend保卫；C. remove移除；D. share分享。根据下文“After two years of hard work, Braille  ____9____  the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time,”可知，布莱叶在努力完善士兵的代码，使其可以适合盲人。故选A项。 99．考查动词短语辨析。句意：经过两年的努力，布莱叶算出了现在人们熟悉的六点制基于字母表的代码。A. figured out计算出；B. looked into调查；C. carried on实施；D. picked up捡起。根据下文“the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code.”可知，此处表示两年的努力之后，布莱叶算出了现在被人们熟悉的代码。故选A项。 100．考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，他继续研究这个系统，最终与一位朋友研发了一台机器，可以让盲人输入普通字母。A. originally原来地；B. regularly定期地；C. eventually最终；D. apparently显然地。根据上文“After two years of hard work, Braille  ____9____  the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time,”以及下文“After two years of hard work, Braille  ____9____  the now-familiar six-dot alphabet-based (基于字母表的) code. He continued to work on the system over time,”可知，经过努力，最终布莱叶与朋友研发了一台可以让盲人输入普通字母的机器。故选C项。 101．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的盲人同学们对此表示赞扬，但该系统遭到了一些教员和学校董事会成员的拒绝——他们担心盲人可能会抢走他们的工作。A. decision决定；B. comment评论；C. praise赞扬；D. doubt怀疑。根据下文“from his fellow blind students, the system was refused by some  ____12____  and school board members—they  ____13____  that blind people might take away their jobs.”以及句中的Despite可知，此处表示尽管布莱叶的系统得到了盲人同学的赞扬，但却被一些学校董事会成员拒绝。故选C项。 102．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的盲人同学们对此表示赞扬，但该系统遭到了一些教员和学校董事会成员的拒绝——他们担心盲人可能会抢走他们的工作。A. pianists钢琴家；B. interviewers面试官；C. soldiers士兵；D. instructors教员。根据下文“Braille  ____14____  as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution.”可知，此处表示学校范围内的一些人员表示拒绝，一些教员和学校董事会成员拒绝布莱叶的系统。故选D项。 103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的盲人同学们对此表示赞扬，但该系统遭到了一些教员和学校董事会成员的拒绝——他们担心盲人可能会抢走他们的工作。A. hoped希望；B. feared担心；C. confirmed证实；D. promised承诺。根据下文“that blind people might take away their jobs.”可知，此处叙述教员和学校董事会成员拒绝的原因，他们担心盲人可能会抢走他们的工作。故选B项。 104．考查动词词义辨析。句意：布莱叶作为一名教师和音乐家取得了成功，但他的体系并没有传播到学校之外。A. recovered恢复；B. succeeded成功；C. struggled挣扎；D. judged判断。根据下文“as a teacher and musician, but his system didn’t spread beyond the institution.”可知，句子前后表示转折关系，空处应表示布莱叶作为教师和音乐家是成功的。故选B项。 105．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到他去世后，这个系统才引起人们的注意，并成为世界各地盲人阅读和写作的常见方式。A. common常见的；B. similar相似的；C. easy容易的；D. rare稀有的。根据下文“blind people read and write around the world.”可知，此处表示布莱叶发明的系统成为了世界各地的盲人阅读和书写的常见的方式。故选A项。 106．C 107．A 108．D 109．A 110．B 111．B 112．D 113．A 114．B 115．C 116．A 117．B 118．C 119．D 120．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻的女孩Alexis Lewis在爷爷的鼓励之下喜欢上了发明创造并且参加了发明比赛，展示了她的两个发明作品，作为成年人，我们有责任让孩子们看到他们能创造的无限可能。 106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在路上的几个小时里，他的祖父，一位火箭科学家，会和Alexis分享他关于科学的酷想法。A. receive接受；B. ask问；C. share分享；D. make制作。根据下文“everything his grandfather said ___3___ Alexis to become an inventor.”可知，Alexis的爷爷和她分享了很多知识。故选C。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，她祖父所说的一切激励Alexis成为了一名发明家。A. inspired鼓舞，激励；B. suggested建议；C. persuaded劝说；D. praised赞扬。根据“During their many hours on the road, his grandfather, a rocket scientist, would ___1___ his cool ideas with Alexis about science.”及下文Alexis成为小发明家可以推知，她因为受到了爷爷的启发和鼓励，所以成了一名发明家，inspire sb. to do sth.意为“激励某人做某事”。故选A。 108．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，她祖父所说的一切激励Alexis成为了一名发明家。A. nurse护士；B. teacher老师；C. artist艺术家；D. inventor发明家。根据第5空后的“her award-winning invention”可知，她成为了一名小发明家。故选D。 109．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年17岁的Alexis是参加这次活动的七名儿童发明家之一。A. event赛事，比赛；B. accident事故；C. organization组织；D. club俱乐部。根据上文“the 2017 Kid Inventors’ Day event”可知，Alexis参加了比赛。故选A。 110．考查动词短语辨析。句意：现场有50名观众，还有100多人在Facebook Live上收看。Alexis讲述了他的获奖发明——Bamboo Travois。A. competed for争夺；B. talked about谈论；C. gave up放弃；D. looked into调查。从下文“It is a lightweight device made of bamboo”对于雪橇的描述来看，这里指Alexis在介绍自己的发明，空格处用“谈论”。故选B。 111．考查名词词义辨析。句意：走长路时一个人可以用雪橇拉着别人一起。A. highways高速公路；B. distances距离；C. blocks街区；D. voyages航行。根据上文“while walking long”可知，雪橇应该是在长距离旅行中比较适用。故选B。 112．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alexis还展示了他的另一项发明：紧急面罩。A. made制作；B. discovered发现；C. gave给予；D. presented展示。从下文“It is a football-shaped canister”可知，这里指Alexis展示自己的另一项发明。故选D。 113．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是一个足球形状的罐子，里面有一个烟雾面罩，可以从燃烧的建筑物的窗户扔出去。A. contains包含；B. means意思是；C. avoids避免；D. attaches系上，贴上。根据上文“canister”和下文“a smoke mask”可知，它是一个足球形状的罐子，里面有一个烟雾面罩，空格处用“包含”。故选A。 114．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一个足球形状的罐子，里面有一个烟雾面罩，可以从燃烧的建筑物的窗户扔出去。A. rising升起的；B. burning燃烧的，着火的；C. nice美好的；D. tall高的。根据下文“People inside the building can put on the mask to __10___ themselves from smoke inhalation”可知，这个罐子可以从燃烧的建筑物的窗户扔出去。故选B。 115．考查动词词义辨析。句意：建筑物内的人们可以戴上口罩，以保护自己免受烟雾吸入。A. escape逃脱；B. bring带来；C. protect保护；D. help帮助。根据上文“People inside the building can put on the mask”可知，建筑里的人们可以戴上面具防止吸入烟尘。protect sb. from意为“保护某人免受……”。故选C。 116．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地消防队员帮助她测试了这个发明，他们把它扔进了第二层楼的窗户上百次。A. Local本地的；B. Foreign外国的；C. Brave勇敢的；D. Famous著名。根据下文“firefighters helped her test”可知，能帮她测试的人应该是本地的消防员。故选A。 117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当地消防队员帮助她测试了这个发明，他们把它扔进了第二层楼的窗户上百次。A. discovery发现；B. invention发明；C. examination考试；D. introduction介绍。根据上文“one of her inventions”以及下文的测试方法中可知，此处表示当地消防队员帮助她测试了这个发明。故选B。 118．考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界需要像Alexis这样的新思想家和其他参加这次活动的年轻发明家。A. appears出现；B. leaves离开；C. needs需要；D. develops发展。根据下文“Kids are the ones who can solve the __15__ that the older generation creates”可知，孩子们可以帮忙解决问题，所以世界需要像Alexis这样的新思想家。故选C。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：世界需要像Alexis这样的新思想家和其他参加这次活动的年轻发明家。A. know知道；B. cause导致；C. arrange安排；D. attend参加。这里的“other young inventors”所指的就是与Alexis一起参加比赛的其他选手。故选D。 120．考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们能够解决老一辈人制造的问题。A. chances机会；B. positions位置；C. problems问题；D. jobs工作。根据上文“solve”可知，此处表示“孩子们能够解决老一辈人制造的问题”。故选C。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$