2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语全国II卷（试题说明+全文译文+答案+解析+听力）

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考II卷） 英语 （试题说明+全文翻译+答案+解析） 解读人：姚建强 （第一部分 听力 见全国I卷） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 题型 语篇 体裁 题材 话题 题号 考点 词数 阅读 A 应用文 人与社会 儿童博物馆团体游相关信息 21 细节理解题 235+74=309 22 推理判断题 23 细节理解题 B 记叙文 人与社会 新媒体对家庭教育和生活的影响 24 词义猜测题 325+110=435 25 细节理解题 26 细节理解题 27 细节理解题 C 说明文 人与社会 禁止开车使用手机 28 推理判断题 284+110=394 29 细节理解题 30 词义猜测题 31 标题判断题 D 说明文 人与社会 运动促进心脏健康 32 推理判断题 352+120=462 33 细节理解题 34 细节理解题 35 推理判断题 七选五 说明文 人与自我 写文章的技巧 36~40 考查对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握 230+67=297 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Children’s Discovery Museum General Information about Group Play Pricing Group Play $7/person Scholarships We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required. Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices (发票) must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship. Group Size We require one chaperone (监护人) per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult. Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options. Hours The Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm. Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open. Registration Policy Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance. Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date and start time options. Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days. Guidelines ●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. ●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum. ●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits. ●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum. 21. What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship? A. Prepay the admission fees. B. Use the Museum’s transportation. C. Take a survey after the visit. D. Schedule their visit on weekdays. 22. How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 23. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum? A. Using the computer. B. Talking with each other. C. Touching the exhibits. D. Exploring the place alone. 【译文】 儿童发现博物馆 关于群组游戏的一般信息 定价 组玩7美元/人 奖学金 我们为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金，视情况而定。需要参与访问后的调查。 奖学金用于支付团体比赛的入场费和/或交通费。交通发票（发票）必须在您访问后60天内收到，以保证奖学金。 组大小 我们要求每十个孩子中就有一个监护人（监护人）。如果不能提供足够的伴侣，每个缺席的成年人将被收取50美元的额外费用。 团体游戏是10人以上的团体，限制35人。对于35人或以上的团体，请打电话讨论选项。 小时数 博物馆每天于上午九时半至下午四时半开放。 团体游戏可以在博物馆开放的任何一天或时间内安排。 注册政策 注册必须至少提前两周进行。 在线注册或填写一个带有多个日期和开始时间选项的小组游戏注册表格。 一旦收到并处理，我们将在两个工作日内发送确认邮件。 导则 ●教师和监护人应该为团队树立良好的学生行为。 ●儿童不允许在博物馆的所有区域无人陪同。 ●的孩子们应该很好地互相玩耍和展示。 ●在博物馆时使用你的室内声音。 21.如果一个团体获得了奖学金，他们需要做什么？ A. 提前支付门票费用。 B.使用博物馆的交通工具。 C. 参观结束后进行调查。 D. 安排在工作日进行他们的访问。 22.一群30个孩子参观博物馆需要多少个监护人？ A.一个 B.二 C. 三 D. 四 23.孩子们被禁止在博物馆里做什么？ A.使用计算机。 B.互相交谈。 C. 触摸展品。 D. 独自探索这个地方。 【说明】 本文是一篇应用文，文章提供了关于儿童博物馆团体游的相关信息。 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. D 【解析】 21题：细节理解题。根据Scholarship标题下“We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.(我们会视情况而定，为低收入学校和青年组织提供奖学金，并需要其参与访问后调查问卷)”可知，如果一个团体获得了奖学金，需要在参加一个访后的调查问卷，与选项C“Take a survey after the visit.(接受参观后的问卷调查)”属于同义替换，故选C。 22题：细节理解题。根据“Group Size”标题下“We require one chaperone (监护人) per ten children.(我们要求每十个孩子有一个监护人)”可知，10个孩子需要1个监护人，那么30个孩子则需要3个监护人。故选C。 23题：细节理解题。根据“Guidelines”标题下“Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum.(无人陪伴的儿童不得进入博物馆的所有区域)”可知，儿童必须在监护人陪伴下才能进入博物馆，即儿童不能单独进入博物馆进行探索。与选项D“Exploring the place alone.(独自探索博物馆)”属于同义替换，故选D。 B We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 24. What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me. 25. Why did the kid poke the storybook? A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures. C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself. 26. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television. C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars. 【译文】 我们记者生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多元媒体媒体。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到这是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。 当我和我两岁的孙子坐在沙发上度过春节度假时，我感到很高兴。我带了一本儿童读物来读。它有简单的文字和色彩丰富的图片——非常适合他的年龄。 想象一下：我的孙子坐在我的腿上，而我把书拿在前面，这样他就能看到这些照片了。当我读的时候，他伸出手指戳（戳）。 怎么回事？他只是喜欢这些照片，我想。然后我转过页面，继续下去。他更用力地戳了戳那一页。我差点把书掉了。我很困惑：这个孩子有什么问题吗？ 然后我意识到发生了什么。他实际上对书不陌生。他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗乐男孩，电脑上装满了彩色照片，你戳它们就会生动起来。他认为我的故事书就是这样的。 对不起，孩子。这本书不是你的高科技世界的一部分。这是一件过时的、毫无生气的事情。一个古董，就像你的祖父一样。好吧，我可能已经老了，但从数字的角度来说，我没有任何挑战。我编辑视频和制作音频。我使用手机支付。我甚至还建立了网站。 然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我花了很少的时间在相机前，因为我有一张为收音机做的脸。但这并没有阻止《中国日报》上周请我分享一个关于北京、天津和河北省整合的个人故事。 不管怎样，爷爷现在是一个网络明星——两分钟的成名了！我保证我不会忘记它的。但我会确保我两岁的孙子能在他的平板电脑上看到它。 24.第2段中带下划线的单词“让我回家”是什么意思？ A.为我提供了庇护所。 B.这对我来说已经变得很清楚了。 C. 减轻了我的压力。 D. 对我的治疗效果很好。 25.这孩子为什么要戳这个故事书？ A.他把它当成了一台平板电脑。 B.他不喜欢那些色彩鲜艳的画。 C. 他很生他爷爷的气。 D. 他想自己去读。 26.作者觉得自己怎么样？ A.社会雄心勃勃。 B. 身体上的吸引力。 C. 财务独立。 D. 数字能力。 27.作为一名记者，我们能了解些什么？ A.他缺乏工作经验。 B.他很少出现在电视上。 C. 他管理着一个视频部门。 D. 他经常采访网络明星。 【说明】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. B 【解析】 24题：词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。 25题：细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。 26题：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。 27题：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。 C Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requires big ideas." he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone." 28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer- 【译文】 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了广泛的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。 然而，以任何衡量标准，问题似乎都变得越来越糟。美国人仍然在开车时发短信，以及使用社交网络和拍照。多年来一直在下降的交通事故，现在正在急剧上升。 这在一定程度上是因为人们开车更多了，但美国国家公路交通安全管理局局长马克·罗斯金德说，分心（分心）开车“不幸的是，只是在增加”。 “大的改变需要有大的想法。他在上个月的一次演讲中说，他广泛地提到了改善道路安全的必要性。因此，为了试图改变一种明显的现代行为，议员们和公共卫生专家正在了一种旧的方法：他们想把分心驾驶当作酒后驾车对待。 纽约议员的一个想法是给警察一种叫做德州系统的新装置。它的工作原理是这样的：一个到达事故现场的警察可以要求司机的电话，并使用短信系统检查操作系统最近的活动。这项技术可以确定一名司机是否刚刚发短信、发邮件或做了任何纽约免费驾驶法不允许的其他事情。 “我们需要一些可以改变人们行为的东西，”菲利克斯·w·奥尔蒂斯说，他推动该州在2001年禁止司机使用手提设备。他说，如果德州议会法案成为法律，“人们将会更害怕随意使用手机。” 28.以下哪一种最能描述了美国禁止司机发短信的禁令？ A.无效。 B.不必要的。 C. 不一致。 D. 不公平。 29.德州警察能帮助警察找到什么？ A.一个司机是从哪里来的。 B.一个司机是否使用了他们的手机。 C. 一个司机开得有多快。 D. 当一名司机到达现场时。 30.在最后一段中带下划线的单词“某物”指的是什么？ A.建议。 B.数据。 C. 试验 D. 法 31.对于文本的合适的标题是什么？ A.要开车还是不开车？开始前先思考 B. 发短信和开车？小心德州人 C. 纽约禁止司机使用手持设备 D. 下一代手机：短信系统 【说明】 本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 【解析】 28题：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。）以及第二段中“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse.”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。 29题：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws.”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B 选项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。 30题：词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior.”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 31题：主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“That is partly because people are driving more.”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正的改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。 D As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner. “Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. “We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says. “The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all.” Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 12. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band? A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack. C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart. 13. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. Diet plan. B. Professional background. C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition. 14. What does Levine’s research find? A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise. B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young. C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise. D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get. 15. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest? A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants. C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study. 【译文】 随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如以前高了。在大多数人身上，第一个迹象出现在50多岁或60岁出头。对于那些不锻炼的人来说，这些变化可以更早开始。 “想想一根橡皮筋吧。一开始，它很灵活，但放在抽屉里20年，它会变得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是发生在心脏上的事情。幸运的是，对于那些中年人士，莱文发现，即使你不是一个热情的锻炼者，现在的塑形可能有助于改善你衰老的心脏。 莱文和他的研究团队挑选了年龄在45岁到64岁之间的志愿者，他们不怎么锻炼，但在其他方面都很健康。参与者被随机分为两组。第一组参加了每周三次非有氧运动（无氧）平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下进行四天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组患者的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。 莱文说：“我们把这些50岁的心脏都带走了，然后把时间转回了30或35岁的心脏。”他们变得如此强壮、更健康的原因是，他们的心脏现在可以更好地填充血液，并在运动期间注入（泵送）更多的血液。”但他说，那些参加不那么剧烈运动的人的心并没有改变。 “如果你还没有开始锻炼的话，生活中开始锻炼的最佳时机是在晚年，那时心脏仍然有灵活性，”莱文说。我们让健康的70岁儿童进行了为期一年的锻炼训练计划，但他们什么都没发生。” 美国心脏协会的女发言人尼卡·戈德堡博士说，斯莱文的发现是一个很好的开始。但这项研究规模很小，需要在更多的人群中重复，以确定运动者的哪些方面有最大的影响。 32.莱文想用橡皮筋来解释什么？ A.正确的锻炼方式。 B.心脏病发作的原因。 C. 保持健康的困难。 D. 心脏的衰老过程。 33.这两组人在研究设计方面的哪一个方面有所不同？ A.饮食计划。 B.专业背景。 C. 练习类型。 D. 以前的物理条件。 34.莱文的研究发现了什么？ A. 有氧运动使中年的心脏变年轻。 B.高强度的运动更适合年轻人。 C. 人们开始锻炼永远都不晚。 D. 我们做得越多，我们的心就越强壮。 35.尼卡·戈德堡博士有什么建议？ A.利用这些发现。 B.采访研究参与者。 C. 进行进一步的研究。 D. 明确了本研究的目的。 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. C 【解析】 32题：推理判断题。根据第二段““Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart.(“想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是灵活的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。)”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D。 33题：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week.(第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。)”可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同，故选C。 34题：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health.(第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。)”和第四段的““We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine.(莱文说:“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏。”)”可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A。 35题：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.(但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. ___36___ When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free. ___37___ Don’t worry about grammar or spelling. Even though this technique won’t work for everyone, it helps many people get a good store of ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect. ___38___ Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper. Think of your first draft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a complete highway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision. ___39___ As a result, these writers never get in the habit of crossing out chunks (大块) of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor. ___40___ The resulting blank space invites you to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 【译文】 对大多数人来说，写一篇文章是一个困难的过程。然而，如果你学会练习三种简单的技术，这个过程就会变得更容易。 ___36___当你第一次尝试写一篇文章的时候，把你的笔放在纸上，连续写10到15分钟，不要让你的笔离开纸。保持放松和自由。___37___不要担心语法或拼写的问题。虽然这种技术不是对每个人都有效，但它帮助很多人获得一个好的想法来利用。 下一个技巧是快速写下你的草稿，而不用担心是否会很完美。___38___然而，通过学会忍受不完美，你就可以省下自己的头痛和一个装满褶皱纸（弄皱）的废纸篓。把你的第一稿想象成一条走出丛林的小路——作为探索的一部分，而不是一条完整的高速公路。 第三种技术是尝试打印出一个三空间（三倍行距）副本，以允许修订空间。___39___因此，这些作家从来没有习惯遗漏草稿的大部分（大块），并在空白处写修改稿。在你修改了你的草稿，直到它太混乱的工作从不再，你可以把你的更改输入你的文字处理器。___40___生成的空白空间邀请您进行修改。 A.确保你的笔迹很整洁。 B.让你的笔跟随思想的浪潮吧。 C. 这篇文章的第二稿应该会更好。 D. 首先，精益不间断写作的技巧。 E. 太多的作家在第一次就试图把草稿写好。 F. 许多初学者的作家没有留下足够的空间来修改。 G. 然后你可以打印出一个新的草稿，再次设置你的文本在三空格。 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是写文章的技巧。 【答案】36 D 37. B 38. E 39. F 40. G 【解析】 36题：空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper.(当你第一次想写一篇文章的时候，把笔放在纸上，不间断地写10到15分钟，不要让笔离开纸。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会不间断地写，D选项“First of all, learn the technique of nonstop writing.(首先，学习不间断写作的技巧。)”概括了本段的主要内容，可作为主题句，故选D。 37题：空前说“Stay loose and free.(保持宽松和自由。)”，空后说“Don’t worry about grammar or spelling.(不要担心语法和拼写。)”，因此空格处应说按心里想的写，自由发挥，B选项“Let your pen follow the waves of thought.(让你的笔跟随思想的波浪。)”说明了按自己的思路和想法来写，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。 38题：空前说“The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about being perfect.(下一个技巧是快速写草稿，不要担心是否完美。)”，空后说“Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourself headaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled (弄皱) paper.(然而，通过学习与不完美共存，你将避免自己的头痛和一个装满皱巴巴的废纸篓。)”，E选项“Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.(太多的作家试图在第一次就把草稿写好。)”中的“get their drafts”和上文的“write your draft”相呼应，说明了有很多人想一次就写好，这是不合理的，要学会允许不完美的存在，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 39题：空前说“The third technique is to try printing out a triple—spaced (三倍行距) copy to allow space for revision.(第三种方法是打印出三倍行距的副本，以便有修改的空间。)”，F选项“Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.(许多初来乍到的作者没有留出足够的修改空间。)”中的“revise”和前面的“revision”一致，指出了新手作者的常见做法，且其中的“Many beginning writers”和后文的“these writers”相互呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 40题：空前说“After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you can enter your changes into your word processor.(当你修改你的草稿，直到它太乱以至于无法继续工作，你可以把你的修改输入到你的文字处理器中。)”，空后说“The resulting blank space invites you to revise.(由此产生的空白允许您修改。)”，因此空格处应说输入到文字处理器后应该做什么，G选项“Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.(然后你可以打印一份新的草稿，同样将文本设置为三倍行距。)”说的是输入到你的文字处理器后的做法，其中的“triple-space”和后文的“The resulting blank space”相呼应，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it ___41___ . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive ___42___ , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel ___43___ . They’re part of a new form of the ___44___ economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in ___45___ homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s ___46___ . It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully ___47___ their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to ___48___ . But house sitting also offers a level of ___49___ they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like ____50____ at a friend’s house,” Jessica says. The couple has a high ____51____ rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s ____52____ . For Jessica, that means ____53____ plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house ____54____ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right ____55____ ,” she says. 21. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 22. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 23. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 24. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 25. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’ 26. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 27. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 28. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 29. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54 A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 【译文】 与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。她和丈夫在过去两年里周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡的世界各地。这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。 他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。 这并不全是观光。这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。“这就像住在朋友家一样，”杰西卡说 这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。 【说明】 这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Jessica和丈夫通过当看房人来环球旅行的事情。在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. B 51. A 52. C 53. C 54. A 55. B 【解析】 41题：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他们中的大多数人不同，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。A. indoors室内；B. online在线的；C. single-handed单手的；D. full-time全职的。根据后文“She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore.(在过去的两年里，她和她的丈夫周游世界，从巴黎到新加坡都在这里停留)”可知，这位25岁的年轻人全职从事这项工作。故选D。 42题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. game游戏；B. service服务；C. vacation假期；D. procedure手续。结合上文可知Jessica在环球旅行，所以是假期。故选C。 43题：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来像是一个漫长而昂贵的假期，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。A. safe安全的；B. busy忙碌的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. affordable买的起的。对应上文“It might sound like one long, expensive”指听起来昂贵，但这对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式让他们的旅行负担得起。故选D。 44题：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是共享经济新形式的一部分：在线看房者。A. local当地的；B. private私人的；C. sharing分享；D. agricultural农业的。根据后文“economy: an online group of house sitters”以及提到他们免费住在陌生人家里，可见是共享经济，故选C。 45题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. strangers’陌生人的；B. parents’父母的；C. co-workers’同事的；D. neighbors’邻居的。根据上文可知他们在环球旅行，所以是住在陌生人的家里。故选A。 46题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们免费住在陌生人家里的过程中，他们会在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。A. favor帮助；B. defense防御；C. honor荣誉；D. absence缺席。根据上文“they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s”指在房主不在的时候喂宠物、给植物浇水。故选D。 47题：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. plan计划；B. explain解释；C. compare比较；D. complete完成。根据宾语“their trips”指计划旅行，应用plan。故选A。 48题：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两位旅行者仔细地计划他们的旅行，围绕着有时很难取悦的宠物安排他们的日子。A. buy购买；B. transport运输；C. choose选择；D. please取悦。根据上文“the pets that are sometimes difficult to”指某些宠物很难照管，故选D。 49题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：但照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。A. support支持；B. comfort舒适，安慰；C. control控制；D. attention注意力。结合后文提到像住在朋友家，可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感。故选B。 50题：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就像住在朋友家一样，”Jessica说。A. cooking烹饪；B. staying停留；C. waiting等待；D. studying学习。根据后文“at a friend’s house”指像呆在朋友家，应用stay at。故选B。 51题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. success成功；B. survival存活；C. growth生长；D. unemployment失业。根据后文“rate in getting accepted as house sitters”可知此处指他们被接受为看房人的成功率，应用success。故选A。 52题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，他们总是超出房主的预期。A. budget预算；B. abilities能力；C. expectations期待；D. understanding理解。上文提到这对夫妇被接受为看房人的成功率很高，是因为他们总是超出房主的预期，所以成功率才高。故选C。 53题：考查动词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. admiring钦佩；B. donating捐赠；C. sending发送；D. borrowing借来。根据后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets”指给房主发送宠物的照片。故选C。 54题：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对杰西卡来说，这意味着发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房子之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物。A. clean干净的；B. open开放的；C. simple简单的；D. empty空的。根据上文可知，他们的职责就是照看房子，所以要保持房子的清洁。故选A。 55题：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你要让房主觉得他们做了正确的决定，”她说。A. guess猜测；B. decision决定；C. response反应；D. impression印象。是房主选择了他们当看房人，所以是房主做了正确的决定，故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___(fall) child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. ___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___58___(sleep) while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___(see) them. When he looked down, he ___60___(accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry ___62___(fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___63___(throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. He saved my ___64___(son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___65___ to thank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 【译文】 亨利·泰勒在周末获得了年度最佳冠军。当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。 只有三岁的埃里克·布朗在亨利摔倒时击倒在地。这个男孩在医院里，医生说他会没事的。 布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。在事故发生的那天，她夫人。布朗在工作，埃里克在家和他的父亲在一起。他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。 过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。 听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。 他拯救了我儿子的生命。布朗太太说，我不知道如何去感谢他。 【说明】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是正在修车的Henry拯救了挂在六楼公寓的阳台上，即将要掉下来的小孩Eric的故事。 【答案】56. falling 57. The 58. asleep 59. to see 60. accidentally 61. and 62. was fixing 63. threw 64. son's 65. how 【解析】 56题：考查非谓语动词。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1.2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 57题：考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。 58题：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。 59题：考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 60题：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。 61题：考查连词。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系。故填and。 62题：考查动词。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 63题：考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 64题：考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。 65题：考查特殊疑问词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 66. 假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括： 1. 节目介绍； 2. 访谈的时间和话题。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Caroline, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【说明】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是校广播站“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。 【答案】Dear Caroline, This is my first time that I have invited you to attend our program —Talk and Talk. It is ten years since Talk and Talk was established. This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students. Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it. As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot. If you are available on this Sunday, I together with the whole Talk and Talk staff am waiting for your coming. I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration. Yours, Li Hua 【译文】 亲爱的卡罗琳， 这是我第一次邀请你参加我们的节目-谈话和谈话。谈话和谈话已经成立十年了。这是一个很棒的项目，你可以与学生们分享你的想法。现在，当他们在学习英语方面遇到困难时，很多学生都很想知道如何处理它。作为我们杰出的外语老师，您的帮助可以给我们很大的帮助。如果你在这个星期天有空，我和所有的谈话工作人员都在等待你的到来。如果你考虑到我的邀请，我将不胜感激。 你的， 李华 【解析】 1.词汇积累 建立：establish→set up 了不起的：amazing→fabulous 帮助：aid→assistance 许多：plenty of→a lot of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your aid can help us a lot. 拓展句：You are our distinguished foreign language teacher, whose aid can help us a lot. 【点睛】 [高分句型1]This is an amazing program where you can share your ideas with students.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Now, when having trouble in learning English well, plenty of students urge to know how to deal with it.(运用了状语从句的省略) 第二节（满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.” I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【译文】 那天是大型越野赛跑的日子。来自小镇内及其周围七所不同小学的学生们正在热身，走着茂密的常绿森林。 我环顾四周，最后发现了大卫，他独自站在篱笆旁边。他已经小到十岁了。今天他那大大的笑容不见了。我走过去，问他为什么不和其他孩子在一起。他犹豫了一下，然后说他已经决定不跑了。 怎么了？他为这次活动工作了那么努力！ 我迅速地在人群中寻找学校的教练，并问他发生了什么事。“我担心其他学校的孩子会嘲笑他，”他不舒服地解释道。“我给了他一个选择是否参选的机会，然后让他来决定。” 我收回了我的沮丧情绪（懊恼）。我知道教练是好的——他认为他做的是对的。在确定大卫可以跑之后，我转过身来，发现他向我走过来，他的小身体左右摇晃，他的脚向前摆动。 大卫患有一种脑部疾病，这使他无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们认为他是一个普通的孩子。他总是尽其所能参与他们所做的任何事情。这就是为什么没有一个孩子认为大卫决定加入越野赛队是不寻常的。他花了更长的时间，仅此而已。大卫没有错过任何一次练习，尽管他总是在其他孩子之后完成他的跑步，但他总是完成。作为学校的一名特殊教育教师，我熟悉大卫所面临的挑战，并为他坚定的决心感到自豪。 我们坐在一起，但大卫不看我。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 我看着大卫和其他选手一起上起跑线。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【说明】 本文以赛跑为线索展开。作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为可能。 【参考范文】 We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a heart disease. David insisted on running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’t take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track, cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. 【译文】 我们坐在一起坐下，但大卫不看我。我温柔而平静地说：“除了你自己，没有人能改变你的主意。”如果你想挑战自己，那就与别人的想法无关了。”他深吸了一口气，静静地坐着。“你在这次活动之前已经有了充分的准备，这是你来这里的最重要的原因，”我用真诚的语气补充道。听到我的话，大卫颤抖地转向我，泪水流出了眼睛，表示他已经坚定地决心完成越野赛跑。他的教练听到了大卫的话，看了我一眼——那种比任何人都更坚定的人。 我看着大卫和其他选手一起上起跑线。比赛开始了。对于小孩子来说，跑道似乎非常长，更不用说一个患有心脏病的孩子了。大卫坚持要跑，就好像他忘记了自己所有的弱点，尽管他在几公里内被绊倒了。没过多久，他又站了起来，继续他的使命。同学们都出现在赛道上，为他欢呼。“来吧！”你能做到的！我们为你感到骄傲！”他们满怀热情地大喊大叫。令大家高兴的是，他进入了最后一行，排名排在第20位。他是否赢得了第一名并不更重要。正是他勇敢的心和坚强的信念，最终会让一些不寻常的事情发生。 【解析】 1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”和第二段首句内容”我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。 ②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。 2.续写线索：鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛 3.词汇激活： 行动类： ①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply ②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing 情绪类： ①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和 why引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型3]. It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (含有It was…that结构的强调句型) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新高考II卷） 英语 （第一部分 听力 见全国I卷） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Children's Discovery Museum General Information about Group Play Pricing Group Play $7/person Scholarships We offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required. Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices（发票）must be received within 60 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship. Group Size We require one chaperone（监护人）per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult. Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please call to discuss options. Hours The Museum is open daily from 9：30 am to 4：30 pm. Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open. Registration Policy Registration must be made at least two weeks in advance. Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date andstart time options. Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days. Guidelines ●Teachers and chaperones should model good behavior for the group and remainwith students at all times. ●Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas of the Museum. ●Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits. ●Use your indoor voice when at the Museum. 21. What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship? A. Prepay the admission fees. B. Use the Museum's transportation. C. Take a survey after the visit. D. Schedule their visit on weekdays. 22. How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit the Museum? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 23. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum? A. Using the computer. B. Talking with each other. C. Touching the exhibits. D. Exploring the place alone. B We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimediatools. Many young people don't even realize it's new. For them, it's just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa overthe Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children's book to read. It had simplewords and colorful pictures—a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he cansee the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes（戳）the page with his finger. What's up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the pageand continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I wasconfused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. Hisfather frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook waslike that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It's an outdated,lifeless thing. An antique, Like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I'm nothopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobilepayment. I've even built websites. There's one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I've spent littletime in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn't stopChina Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video projectabout the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star—two minutes of fame! I promise not tolet it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 24. What do the underlined words "hit home for me" mean in paragraph 2? A. Provided shelter for me. B. Became very clear to me. C. Took the pressure off me. D. Worked quite well on me. 25. Why did the kid poke the storybook? A. He took it for a tablet computer. B. He disliked the colorful pictures. C. He was angry with his grandpa. D. He wanted to read it by himself. 26. What does the author think of himself? A. Socially ambitious. B. Physically attractive. C. Financially independent. D. Digitally competent. 27. What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A. He lacks experience in his job. B. He seldom appears on television. C. He manages a video department. D. He often interviews internet stars. C Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and publicservice campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put downtheir phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and takingphotos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief ofthe National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）drivingwas "only increasing, unfortunately." "Big change requiresbig ideas."he said in a speech last month, referringbroadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modernbehavior, lawmakers and publichealth experts are reaching back to an old approach:They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of acrash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in theoperating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driverhad just texted, emailed or done anything else thatis not allowed under New York'shands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” saidFélix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid toput their hands on the cell phone." 28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 30. What does the underlined word "something"in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer D As we age, even if we're healthy, the heart just isn't as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early60s. And among people who don't exercise, the changes can start even sooner. "Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken," says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That's what happens to the heart. Fortunately forthose in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven't been an enthusiasticexerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who didnot exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided intotwo groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic（无氧）exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. "We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts," says Levine. "And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump（泵送）a lot more blood duringexercise."But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn'tchange, he says. "The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven't already, is in latemiddle age when the heart still has flexibility,"Levine says. "We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to themat all." Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, saysLevine's findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeatedwith far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exerciseroutine make the biggest difference. 32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band? A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack. C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart. 33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. Diet plan. B. Professional background. C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition. 34. What does Levine's research find? A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise. B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young. C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise. D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get. 35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest? A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants. C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Writing an essay is a difficult process for most people. However, the process can be made easier if you learn to practice three simple techniques. 36 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write nonstop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leavethe paper. Stay loose and free. 37 Don't worry about grammar or spelling. Eventhough this technique won't work for everyone, it helps many people get a good storeof ideas to draw on. The next technique is to write your draft rapidly without worrying about beingperfect. 38 Yet, by learning to live with imperfection, you will save yourselfheadaches and a wastepaper basket full of crumpled（弄皱）paper. Think of your firstdraft as a path cut out of the jungle—as part of an exploration, not as a completehighway. The third technique is to try printing out a triple-spaced（三倍行距）copy toallow space for revision. 39 As a result, these writers never get in the habit ofcrossing out chunks（大块）of their draft and writing revisions in the blank space. After you have revised your draft until it is too messy to work from anymore, you canenter your changes into your word processor. 40 The resulting blank space invitesyou to revise. A. Make sure your handwriting is neat. B. Let your pen follow the waves of thought. C. The second draft of the essay should be better. D. First of all, lean the technique of nonstop writing. E. Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time. F. Many beginning writers don't leave enough space to revise. G. Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 41 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 42 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43 . They're part of a new form of the 44 economy: an online group of housesitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 45 homes, they feed pets and waterplants in the homeowner's 46 . It's not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 47 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 48 . But house sittingalso offers a level of 49 they can't find in a hotel. "It's like 50 at a friend'shouse," Jessica says. The couple has a high 51 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and theyalways go beyond the homeowner's 52 . For Jessica, that means 53 plenty ofpictures of happy pets, keeping the house 54 and leaving a nice small gift beforeheading to the next house. "You want to make the homeowner feel that they made theright 55 ," she says. 41. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time 42. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure 43. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable 44. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural 45. A. strangers' B. parents' C. co-workers' D. neighbors' 46. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence 47. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete 48. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please 49. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention 50. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying 51. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment 52. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding 53. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing 54. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty 55. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony（阳台）, Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the 56（fall）child. Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors say he'll be OK. 57 Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell 58 （sleep）while watching TV. Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up 59 （see）them. When he looked down, he60 （accidental ）slipped and fell over the edge. He hung on for a few minutes61 screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him. Henry62 （fix）his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly 63 （throw）his tools aside, and started running, arms out. "He saved my 64 （son）life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know 65 tothank him.” "I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括： 1. 节目介绍； 2. 访谈的时间和话题。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Caroline, Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primaryschools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route（路线）throughthick evergreen forest. I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the sideby a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then saidhe had decided not to run. What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event! I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. "I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. "I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide." I bit back my frustration（懊恼）. I knew the coach meant well —he thought he was doingthe right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking from side to side as he swung his feet forward. David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participatedto the best of his ability in whatever they weredoing. That was why none of the childrenthought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer— that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and wasproud of his strongdetermination. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答. We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn't look at me. I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null