精品解析：湖南省岳阳市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

姓 名______ 准考证号______ 岳阳市 2024年高二教学质量监测 英语 时量：120分钟；满分：150分。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，考生考试条码由监考老师粘贴在答题卡上的“条码粘贴处”。 2.选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草稿纸上、试卷上答题无效。 3.考试结束后由监考老师将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the man worried about? A. His health. B. His competition. C. His studies. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At a hotel. C. At the airport. 3. What does the man suggest doing? A. Hiring more workers. B. Rewarding the workers. C. Delaying the deadline. 4. When did the man finish his work? A. At about 9 o'clock p. m. B. At about 10 o'clock p. m. C. At about 12 o'clock at night. 5. What stops the woman from continuing traveling? A. Her serious illness. B. Her hope for a normal life. C. Her dislike of staying in different hotels. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to go on vacation. B. How to choose a birthday gift. C. What to wear for a job interview. 7. Why does the man want a new job? A. To learn something new. B. To get a higher position. C. To earn more money. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is said about Chinese tea? A. It was discovered over 4,700 years ago. B. It has become popular since the Song dynasty. C. Its real evidence was found in the Tang dynasty. 9. What was tea regarded as in ancient Chinese society according to the woman? A. A rare gift. B. A way to stay connected. C. A symbol of the social position. 10 What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Buy some tea. B. Take a course. C. Listen to a speech. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does Bruce ask for another copy of paper? A. The delivery was delayed. B. His newspaper was damaged. C. He couldn't find the newspaper. 12. Where does Bruce want his newspaper to be put? A. In his yard. B. In his mailbox. C. In his hallway. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Visit Bruce's place. B. Send an apology letter. C. Call the delivery person. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What makes it inconvenient to be 80 according to Mrs. Lamb? A. To deal with helplessness. B. To experience body limitations. C. To live with younger generations. 15. When did Mrs. Lamb get married? A. In her twenties. B. In her thirties. C. In her forties. 16. What does old age mean to Mrs. Lamb? A. Becoming much wiser. B. Stopping trying new things. C. Gaining experience and knowledge. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where can the listeners hear the speech? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a freshmen welcome party. C. At a parent-teacher meeting. 18. Why does the speaker mention his cousin? A. She's combined her skills and interests. B. She's dreamed of starting a promising career. C. She regrets not protecting her eyesight well. 19. What is the second suggestion about? A. Taking online courses. B. Working in different kinds of fields. C. Seeking help from industry experts. 20. How can we describe the speaker? A. Helpful and inspiring. B. Caring and sympathetic. C. Ambitious and successful. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Various kinds of theme parks exist almost everywhere in the world. Whichever and whatever you like, there is always an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! Disneyland Disneyland which can be found in several parts of the world, will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true. Travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship, or meeting an adorable fairy tale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland. Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. Dollywood Dollywood is unique because it shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture. Famous country music groups put on performances there all year round. People come to see skilled workers make wood, glass, and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Riding on the only steam engine still working is a special treat. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has a superb old wooden roller coaster, Thunderhead. Chimelong Ocean Kingdom Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading ocean-themed parks in the world. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium. Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun. The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates or get turned upside down by an exciting roller coaster... Hungry? The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every appetite. 1. What is special about Dollywood? A. You can ride a roller coaster there. B. You can meet some cartoon characters there. C. You can experience a water fight against pirates. D. You can learn about America’s historical southeastern culture. 2. What do the three theme parks have in common? A. They all have exciting rides. B. They all offer educational animal shows. C. They all provide tasty food for every appetite. D. They all can be found in several places of the world. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A fairy tale. B. A travel brochure. C. A history book. D. A documentary. B Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is,“Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.”Written by Fan Zhongyan, this 11th century proverb provides a goal for all Chinese government officials to aspire to. Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) himself was a good example of someone who lived by these words. When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man, but he was always content with what he had. From a very young age, he was very diligent in his schoolwork. In 1015, Fan passed the imperial examination(科举考试) and became a government official. While serving in Taizhou, he always had the people’s best interest at heart, and he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding. Serving with distinction, he helped build up defenses when the country was threatened by war. Then, once the country was at peace again, he was promoted to a high-level position in the capital. As an advisor to the emperor, Fan then tried to institute government reforms. However, many conservative officials opposed him, so the reforms were stopped and Fan was forced to go into exile (流放). While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower. In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire to look after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare. After retiring, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people. The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children. It is refreshing to think that there was once such a person who did not just speak wise words to live by, but who also put those words into practice during his own life. 4. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By using a quote. B. By giving examples. C. By providing data. D. By making comparisons. 5. What's the right order of the events? ①Fan built a sea wall in Taizhou. ②Fan wrote the essay Memorial to Yueyang Tower. ③Fan’s father passed away. ④Fan retired and bought a farm. A. ③①②④ B. ①②③④ C. ③①④② D. ①②④③ 6. What did Fan express in his famous essay? A. His concern about the needs of the common people. B. His determination to set a good example for government officials. C. His hope to find government officials looking after common people. D. His desire to find government officials putting people’s needs above their own welfare. 7. What qualities can best describe Fan Zhongyan according to the passage? A. Loving and demanding. B. Selfless and devoted. C. Modest and hardworking. D. Strong-willed and tolerant. C A bot is a software program that often works by itself on the internet to perform the same kinds of actions as humans do. The report, produced by California-based internet security company Imperva, found that 49.6 percent of worldwide internet traffic (互联网流量) came from bots in 2023, while from human users fell to 50.4 percent. Imperva’s study also found that web traffic linked to “bad bots” grew to 32 percent in 2023, a rise of 30.2 percent from 2022. Nanhi Singh, a security advisor at Imperva, said that bots are currently one of growing threats facing almost every industry. Bots are generally designed to visit websites and independently search for many kinds of online information. They are able to operate at much greater speeds than humans and can process repeated searches and process large amounts of data. Online search advisor Yoast notes that some bots are considered good because they can be useful to individuals through tools such as OpenAI’s chatbot, ChatGPT. Some others are considered malicious, because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems. These kinds of bots pretend themselves as humans and collect private data or financial information that can be used to commit crimes. And some bots are even designed to spread misinformation and false news. The study also suggested that some countries have a much bigger problem with bad bots than others. Web traffic linked to bad bots in 2023 accounted for 71 percent in Ireland while Germany was next, with 67.5 percent. The percentage of Mexico and the USA was reported to be 42.8 percent and 35.4 percent respectively. Imperva even reported that bad bot activity would lead to account takeovers, which increased 10 percent in 2023 over 2022. The highest number of account takeovers — 36.8 percent — happened in the financial services industry. Next was the travel industry, with 11.5 percent, followed by business services at eight percent. Nanhi Singh said the problem is likely to worsen in coming years to the point where such bots would exist everywhere. She urged organizations to introduce bot management and security tools in an effort to limit automated traffic and prevent dangerous account takeovers. 8 What did Imperva’s study find? A. Bad bots caused 49.6% of web traffic in 2023. B. Traffic from human users fell to the second in 2023. C. Web traffic linked to “bad bots” rose sharply in 2023. D. Nearly half of the world’s web traffic was caused by bad bots in 2023. 9. What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Useful. B. Dependable. C. Harmful. D. Irresponsible. 10. What is Nanhi Singh’s attitude towards current situation of web traffic? A. Optimistic. B. Satisfied. C. Concerned. D. Conservative. 11. What can be learned about bots from the passage? A. Every industry is currently threatened by bots. B. Bots can be both helpful and troublesome. C. Bots can search for online information by themselves. D. Web traffic linked to bad bots was the most serious problem in Ireland in 2023. D A new study examines possible harm caused by microscopic pieces of plastic that end up inside people’s bodies. These materials — known as microplastics and nanoplastics — can enter the body through the air or in food or drinks. One new study suggests the buildup of such plastics inside the body can increase the risk of a stroke, heart attack or death. But the researchers noted the evidence presented cannot prove a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. The study involved 257 people who had medical operations to clear blocked blood vessels (血管) in their necks. Italian researchers examined the fatty buildup the doctors removed from the carotid arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the brain. Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics — mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen — in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients. No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients. The team followed these people for three years. During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause. These rates dropped to about eight percent among those with no evidence of plastics. Research results were recently published in a study in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers admitted their study was very small. For example, it only looked at people with narrowed arteries who were already at risk for heart attacks and stroke. Steve Nissen is a heart expert at the Cleveland Clinic in the state of Ohio who was not part of the study. He told the Associated Press he thinks the team’s estimate that the risk of heart attack, stroke or death was four times greater seems too high. “It would mean that these microplastics are the most important cause of coronary heart disease (冠心病) yet discovered. And I just don’t think that’s likely to be right,” Nissen said. “Maybe, it’s just a wake-up call that perhaps we need to take the problem of microplastics more seriously.” Nissen added. 12. How did the researchers carry out their study? A. By doing online surveys. B. By interviewing participants. C. By comparing with former experiments. D. By conducting experiments and analyzing data. 13. What did the team find about the 150 patients ? A. They were in good health before the study. B. No evidence of plastics were found in them. C. 20 percent of them died from heart attacks. D. They developed many more health problems than the 107 patients. 14. What can be inferred from Nissen’s words? A. There was no relationship between microplastics and heart diseases. B. We should pay more attention to the harm of microplastics to our body. C. The result proved a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. D. The result was inaccurate because they only looked at people with narrowed arteries. 15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Tiny plastic materials — Harmful to our body? B. Tiny plastic materials — Exist in our body? C. Tiny plastic materials — A leading cause of our health. D. Tiny plastic materials — A direct reason for heart diseases. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to become a good communicator Being a good communicator is an important life skill. It can help you make friends, do well in school, and even get better jobs when you’re older. Sometimes, you may find it a struggle to communicate effectively with people around you. ____16____ Listen to others. Listening is a trait that is often forgotten about in modern society. In the process of communication, try to avoid responding to a text, opening an email, or thinking about your next meal.____17____ Show them you’re listening and interested by commenting on the story or asking questions. Speak sincerely. No one likes to be deceived. Tell people the truth. If you can’t commit to something, it’s better to be honest about it than to have to tell them last minute that you can’t make it. When people ask for your opinion, you should be honest.____18____ For instance, if you don’t like your friend’s shirt and they ask you about it, respond with, “I really like you in blue instead,” rather than, “I hate it, it’s ugly.” ____19____ How you say things is arguably more important than what you say. If you try to give someone a genuine compliment (赞美), but they think you say it with an ironic undertone, your compliment won’t mean a thing. Be aware of the way you speak. If you notice that people often take things you say the wrong way, there is a good chance you can change how you speak. Ask your friends to make you aware of the way you’re coming across. Help others communicate. Get a bunch of people together for a fun get-together. It can be as simple as a gathering at the park, or as fancy as an elegant dinner party.____20____ A. Know “how” vs “what”. B. Be aware of what you say. C. You should pay attention to what others are saying. D. This can be a good chance for you to communicate with others. E. Do remember there is a difference between honest and rude opinions. F. Either way, it shows them that you care and want to spread friendship. G. However, with practice and patience, you can become a great communicator. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my work as a vocational school teacher in Germany there are a few refugees (难民) in my class. Their ____21____ of German is often rather poor regardless of whether they are “____22____ off the boat” or have lived here for a few years. Some of these students who ____23____ to complete their three-year training may continue to go to school to attain ____24____ so they can attend university. Over the last few weeks, I have taken them aside and given them ____25____ on how to enhance their language skills, such as finding ways to build their vocabulary beyond class and ____26____ language immersion courses. After class, I even took some of them to a ____27____ which displayed valuable information on a poster. They were ____28____ for this little gesture that benefited them a lot. Most important of all, I have given them tips on how to ____29____ themselves into the German culture better. I do not get any ____30____ money for offering this sort of advice, though I have ____31____ my short breaks over the years. But I feel it is important to help the youngsters because after graduation from university, they have great chance of ____32____ jobs in Germany. Meanwhile, they will feel inspired to ____33____ here. Good integration is so important as it builds bridges and expands ____34____. It makes me happy to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those ____35____ ripples (涟漪) in everyday life. 21. A. description B. command C. appreciation D. opinion 22. A. fresh B. distant C. clear D. close 23. A. fail B. expect C. manage D. refuse 24. A. goals B. success C. qualifications D. advantage 25. A. credits B. tips C. permission D. information 26. A. recommending B. delivering C. giving D. running 27. A. gym B. noticeboard C. classroom D. stadium 28. A. sorrowful B. thoughtful C. grateful D. fearful 29. A. transform B. turn C. divide D. integrate 30. A. enough B. good C. extra D. limited 31. A. sacrificed B. wasted C. taken D. arranged 32. A. changing B. quitting C. creating D. landing 33. A. turn down B. calm down C. slow down D. settle down 34 A. business B. horizons C. friendship D. courses 35. A. kindness B. skill C. happiness D. culture 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mobile payment refers to a cashless payment method using mobile devices ____36____ (purchase) goods or services. Over the past decade, mobile payment ____37____ (become) the main payment method in China. Whether shopping, eating or traveling, mobile payment is everywhere and popular. It has been the business card of China’s technological innovation. NFC, QR code, face ____38____ (recognize) and other technologies have been combined with various production and life applications,____39____ has facilitated people’s life and promoted social and technological innovation. Both online shopping and offline large shopping malls began to provide consumers ____40____ mobile payment methods such as code scanning payment, ____41____ (create) more convenient shopping experience. Although credit card payment ____42____ (launch) in America in the 1950s, its speed of popularizing mobile payment is very slow in the Internet era. In 2019, the scale of mobile payment in America was only $112 billion, while ____43____ in China was $9 trillion. Nowadays, in daily routine, people in China ____44____ (basic) only need to carry a mobile phone. Many Americans are amazed by the power and convenience ____45____ (bring) by China’s mobile payment. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请以“Be a sustainable tourist”为题写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1. 生态旅游的重要性； 2. 具体建议或做法。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Be a sustainable tourist Sustainable tourism is about connecting people with their cultures. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hannah and I have been best friends since primary school and we spend almost every day with each other, sharing everything happening in our daily life and discussing problems in our school work. Sometimes, other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study, but we like it that way. We are both very hard-working and always get good grades at school. Last Monday, we had a surprise math quiz. Thinking it was quite easy, I was not worried about the results at all. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. Unexpectedly, the next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! My heart sank and a great sense of shame washed over me; I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, as if nothing had happened, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. When we went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom before lunch, Hannah tried to figure out what the matter was. Struggling to hold back my tears, I admitted I had failed the math quiz. “But you are a born math genius and you have put all your efforts in it. There must be some mistakes!” Hannah couldn’t believe her ears. “I shouldn’t have been so confident. Would you please keep it a secret for me?” I begged. Hannah nodded, promising not to tell anyone else about the secret. However, that afternoon I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, “Stupid Sarah got a D!” I was so upset that I felt like crying. I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to. Everyone must have been laughing behind my back! 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, my math teacher came to me, apologizing for his carelessness. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5 ABBCC 6-10 CAABC 11-15 BCABB 16-20CBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 姓 名______ 准考证号______ 岳阳市 2024年高二教学质量监测 英语 时量：120分钟；满分：150分。 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、姓名、班级、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，考生考试条码由监考老师粘贴在答题卡上的“条码粘贴处”。 2.选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再填涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔在答题卡的对应区域内作答，超出答题区域答题的答案无效；在草稿纸上、试卷上答题无效。 3.考试结束后由监考老师将答题卡收回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £ 19. 15. B. £ 9. 18. C. £ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1. What is the man worried about? A. His health. B. His competition. C. His studies. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a bus stop. B. At a hotel. C. At the airport. 3. What does the man suggest doing? A. Hiring more workers. B. Rewarding the workers. C. Delaying the deadline. 4. When did the man finish his work? A. At about 9 o'clock p. m. B. At about 10 o'clock p. m. C. At about 12 o'clock at night. 5. What stops the woman from continuing traveling? A. Her serious illness. B. Her hope for a normal life. C. Her dislike of staying in different hotels. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to go on vacation. B. How to choose a birthday gift. C. What to wear for a job interview. 7. Why does the man want a new job? A. To learn something new. B. To get a higher position. C. To earn more money. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is said about Chinese tea? A. It was discovered over 4,700 years ago. B. It has become popular since the Song dynasty. C. Its real evidence was found in the Tang dynasty. 9. What was tea regarded as in ancient Chinese society according to the woman? A. A rare gift. B. A way to stay connected. C. A symbol of the social position. 10. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Buy some tea. B. Take a course. C. Listen to a speech. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does Bruce ask for another copy of paper? A. The delivery was delayed. B. His newspaper was damaged. C. He couldn't find the newspaper. 12. Where does Bruce want his newspaper to be put? A. In his yard. B. In his mailbox. C. In his hallway. 13. What will the woman do next? A. Visit Bruce's place. B. Send an apology letter. C. Call the delivery person. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What makes it inconvenient to be 80 according to Mrs. Lamb? A. To deal with helplessness. B. To experience body limitations. C. To live with younger generations. 15. When did Mrs. Lamb get married? A. In her twenties. B. In her thirties. C. In her forties. 16. What does old age mean to Mrs. Lamb? A. Becoming much wiser. B. Stopping trying new things. C. Gaining experience and knowledge. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where can the listeners hear the speech? A. At a graduation ceremony. B. At a freshmen welcome party. C. At a parent-teacher meeting. 18. Why does the speaker mention his cousin? A. She's combined her skills and interests. B. She's dreamed of starting a promising career. C. She regrets not protecting her eyesight well. 19. What is the second suggestion about? A. Taking online courses. B. Working in different kinds of fields. C. Seeking help from industry experts. 20. How can we describe the speaker? A. Helpful and inspiring. B. Caring and sympathetic. C. Ambitious and successful. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Various kinds of theme parks exist almost everywhere in the world. Whichever and whatever you like, there is always an incredible theme park that will appeal to you! Disneyland Disneyland, which can be found in several parts of the world, will bring you into a magical world and make your childhood dreams come true. Travelling through space, visiting a pirate ship, or meeting an adorable fairy tale or cartoon character are all possible at Disneyland. Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops. Dollywood Dollywood is unique because it shows and celebrates America’s traditional southeastern culture. Famous country music groups put on performances there all year round. People come to see skilled workers make wood, glass, and iron objects in the old-fashioned way. Riding on the only steam engine still working is a special treat. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has a superb old wooden roller coaster, Thunderhead. Chimelong Ocean Kingdom Chimelong Ocean Kingdom in Zhuhai, China, is one of the leading ocean-themed parks in the world. Here you can walk under the Whale Shark Aquarium. Watching the dolphin and sea lion shows is both educational and fun. The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates or get turned upside down by an exciting roller coaster... Hungry? The park has plenty of restaurants with tasty food for every appetite. 1. What is special about Dollywood? A. You can ride a roller coaster there. B. You can meet some cartoon characters there. C. You can experience a water fight against pirates. D. You can learn about America’s historical southeastern culture. 2. What do the three theme parks have in common? A. They all have exciting rides. B. They all offer educational animal shows. C. They all provide tasty food for every appetite. D. They all can be found in several places of the world. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A fairy tale. B. A travel brochure. C. A history book. D. A documentary. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了三大主题公园。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Dollywood”部分中“Dollywood is unique because it shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.(多莱坞是独一无二的，因为它展示和庆祝美国传统的东南部文化)”可知，Dollywood特别之处在于可以了解美国历史上的东南部文化。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Disneyland”下文中“Of course, Disneyland also has many exciting rides to amuse you, from enormous swinging ships to scary free-fall drops.(当然，迪斯尼乐园也有许多令人兴奋的游乐设施供你娱乐，从巨大的摇摆船到可怕的自由落体)”；“Dollywood”下文中“Riding on the only steam engine still working is a special treat. And for those who like rides, Dollywood has a superb old wooden roller coaster, Thunderhead.(乘坐唯一还在运转的蒸汽机是一种特殊的享受。对于那些喜欢游乐设施的人来说，多莱坞有一个很棒的老式木制过山车，Thunderhead)”以及“Chimelong Ocean Kingdom”下文中“The park has more rides than you can imagine: join a water fight against pirates or get turned upside down by an exciting roller coaster...(公园里的游乐设施比你想象的要多：加入与海盗的水上战斗，或者乘坐刺激的过山车来个天翻地转……)”可知，三个公园都有刺激的游乐设施。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Various kinds of theme parks exist almost everywhere in the world. Whichever and whatever you like, there is always an incredible theme park that will appeal to you!(世界上几乎到处都有各种各样的主题公园。无论你喜欢哪一个，无论你喜欢什么，总有一个令人难以置信的主题公园会吸引你！)”结合文章介绍的是全球三大主题公园，可知文本最有可能来自旅游手册。故选B。 B Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is,“Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.”Written by Fan Zhongyan, this 11th century proverb provides a goal for all Chinese government officials to aspire to. Fan Zhongyan (989-1052) himself was a good example of someone who lived by these words. When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man, but he was always content with what he had. From a very young age, he was very diligent in his schoolwork. In 1015, Fan passed the imperial examination(科举考试) and became a government official. While serving in Taizhou, he always had the people’s best interest at heart, and he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding. Serving with distinction, he helped build up defenses when the country was threatened by war. Then, once the country was at peace again, he was promoted to a high-level position in the capital. As an advisor to the emperor, Fan then tried to institute government reforms. However, many conservative officials opposed him, so the reforms were stopped and Fan was forced to go into exile (流放). While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower. In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire to look after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare. After retiring, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people. The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children. It is refreshing to think that there was once such a person who did not just speak wise words to live by, but who also put those words into practice during his own life. 4. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By using a quote. B. By giving examples. C. By providing data. D. By making comparisons. 5. What's the right order of the events? ①Fan built a sea wall in Taizhou. ②Fan wrote the essay Memorial to Yueyang Tower. ③Fan’s father passed away. ④Fan retired and bought a farm. A. ③①②④ B. ①②③④ C. ③①④② D. ①②④③ 6. What did Fan express in his famous essay? A. His concern about the needs of the common people. B. His determination to set a good example for government officials. C. His hope to find government officials looking after common people. D. His desire to find government officials putting people’s needs above their own welfare. 7. What qualities can best describe Fan Zhongyan according to the passage? A. Loving and demanding. B. Selfless and devoted. C. Modest and hardworking. D. Strong-willed and tolerant. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍中国历史人物范仲淹。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段的第一句“Perhaps one of the most famous sayings in China is,‘Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.’(也许中国最著名的一句话是：‘先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐’)”可知， 作者通过引用范仲淹的名句“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”来引入文章主题。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“When he was just one or two years old, his father died and his mother married another man, but he was always content with what he had.(当他只有一两岁的时候，他的父亲去世了，他的母亲嫁给了另一个男人，但他总是满足于自己所拥有的。)”，由文章第三段“While serving in Taizhou, he always had the people’s best interest at heart, and he proposed building a sea wall to protect homes from flooding. (在台州任职期间，他始终把人民的最大利益放在心上，他建议修建海堤，保护房屋免受洪水侵袭。)”，由文章第四段“While in exile in 1045, Fan wrote an essay entitled Memorial to Yueyang Tower. (在1045年流亡海外期间，范写了一篇题为《岳阳楼记》的文章。)”和由文章第五段“After retiring, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people. (退休后，他买了一个农场，用来为当地人提供工作。)”可知，时间发生的顺序为3124。故选A项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“In the essay, he wondered if it was possible to find government officials who would be firm in their desire to look after the needs of the common people, and not worry about their own personal welfare.(在这篇文章中，他想知道是否有可能找到这样的政府官员，他们会坚定地照顾老百姓的需求，而不担心自己的个人福利。)”可知， 范仲淹想找到将人民的利益放在自身利益前面的政府官员。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Worry before all others worry; rejoice after all others have rejoiced.(先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐)”和倒数第二段“After retiring, he bought a farm and used it to provide jobs for local people. The profits from the farm were then used to pay for the education of poor children.(退休后，他买了一个农场，用来为当地人提供工作。农场的利润随后被用来支付贫困儿童的教育费用。)”以及上下文可知，文章通过对范仲淹生平、成就及他的著作岳阳楼记的介绍，描述了范仲淹无私且甘于奉献的品质。故选B项。 C A bot is a software program that often works by itself on the internet to perform the same kinds of actions as humans do. The report, produced by California-based internet security company Imperva, found that 49.6 percent of worldwide internet traffic (互联网流量) came from bots in 2023, while from human users fell to 50.4 percent. Imperva’s study also found that web traffic linked to “bad bots” grew to 32 percent in 2023, a rise of 30.2 percent from 2022. Nanhi Singh, a security advisor at Imperva, said that bots are currently one of growing threats facing almost every industry. Bots are generally designed to visit websites and independently search for many kinds of online information. They are able to operate at much greater speeds than humans and can process repeated searches and process large amounts of data. Online search advisor Yoast notes that some bots are considered good because they can be useful to individuals through tools such as OpenAI’s chatbot, ChatGPT. Some others are considered malicious, because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems. These kinds of bots pretend themselves as humans and collect private data or financial information that can be used to commit crimes. And some bots are even designed to spread misinformation and false news. The study also suggested that some countries have a much bigger problem with bad bots than others. Web traffic linked to bad bots in 2023 accounted for 71 percent in Ireland while Germany was next, with 67.5 percent. The percentage of Mexico and the USA was reported to be 42.8 percent and 35.4 percent respectively. Imperva even reported that bad bot activity would lead to account takeovers, which increased 10 percent in 2023 over 2022. The highest number of account takeovers — 36.8 percent — happened in the financial services industry. Next was the travel industry, with 11.5 percent, followed by business services at eight percent. Nanhi Singh said the problem is likely to worsen in coming years to the point where such bots would exist everywhere. She urged organizations to introduce bot management and security tools in an effort to limit automated traffic and prevent dangerous account takeovers. 8. What did Imperva’s study find? A. Bad bots caused 49.6% of web traffic in 2023. B. Traffic from human users fell to the second in 2023. C Web traffic linked to “bad bots” rose sharply in 2023. D. Nearly half of the world’s web traffic was caused by bad bots in 2023. 9. What does the underlined word “malicious” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Useful. B. Dependable. C. Harmful. D. Irresponsible. 10. What is Nanhi Singh’s attitude towards current situation of web traffic? A. Optimistic. B. Satisfied. C. Concerned. D. Conservative. 11. What can be learned about bots from the passage? A. Every industry is currently threatened by bots. B. Bots can be both helpful and troublesome. C. Bots can search for online information by themselves. D. Web traffic linked to bad bots was the most serious problem in Ireland in 2023. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了互联网安全公司Imperva发现全球近半互联网流量是机器人产生的。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The report, produced by California-based internet security company Imperva, found that 49.6 percent of worldwide internet traffic (互联网流量) came from bots in 2023, while from human users fell to 50.4 percent. Imperva’s study also found that web traffic linked to “bad bots” grew to 32 percent in 2023, a rise of 30.2 percent from 2022.(这份由总部位于加州的网络安全公司Imperva制作的报告发现，到2023年，全球49.6%的互联网流量来自机器人，而来自人类用户的流量则降至50.4%。Imperva的研究还发现，与“不良机器人”相关的网络流量在2023年增长到32%，比2022年增长了30.2%)”可知，与坏机器人相关的流量在2023年急剧增长。故选C。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“Online search advisor Yoast notes that some bots are considered good because they can be useful to individuals through tools such as OpenAI’s chatbot, ChatGPT.(在线搜索顾问Yoast指出，一些机器人被认为是好，因为它们可以通过OpenAI的聊天机器人ChatGPT等工具对个人有用)”以及后文“because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems”可知，它们被训练去非法入侵或闯入计算机网络系统，即其他机器人被认为是有害的。故划线词意思是“有害的”。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nanhi Singh said the problem is likely to worsen in coming years to the point where such bots would exist everywhere.(南希·辛格说，这个问题在未来几年可能会恶化，直到这样的机器人无处不在)”可知，他的态度是担心的。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Online search advisor Yoast notes that some bots are considered good because they can be useful to individuals through tools such as OpenAI’s chatbot, ChatGPT. Some others are considered malicious, because they are trained to hack, or break into network computer systems.(在线搜索顾问Yoast指出，一些机器人被认为是好的，因为它们可以通过OpenAI的聊天机器人ChatGPT等工具对个人有用。其他一些人被认为是恶意的，因为他们受过黑客攻击或闯入网络计算机系统的训练)”可知，机器人即可以是有帮助的，也可以是麻烦的。故选B。 D A new study examines possible harm caused by microscopic pieces of plastic that end up inside people’s bodies. These materials — known as microplastics and nanoplastics — can enter the body through the air or in food or drinks. One new study suggests the buildup of such plastics inside the body can increase the risk of a stroke, heart attack or death. But the researchers noted the evidence presented cannot prove a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. The study involved 257 people who had medical operations to clear blocked blood vessels (血管) in their necks. Italian researchers examined the fatty buildup the doctors removed from the carotid arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the brain. Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics — mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen — in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients. No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients. The team followed these people for three years. During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause. These rates dropped to about eight percent among those with no evidence of plastics. Research results were recently published in a study in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers admitted their study was very small. For example, it only looked at people with narrowed arteries who were already at risk for heart attacks and stroke. Steve Nissen is a heart expert at the Cleveland Clinic in the state of Ohio who was not part of the study. He told the Associated Press he thinks the team’s estimate that the risk of heart attack, stroke or death was four times greater seems too high. “It would mean that these microplastics are the most important cause of coronary heart disease (冠心病) yet discovered. And I just don’t think that’s likely to be right,” Nissen said. “Maybe, it’s just a wake-up call that perhaps we need to take the problem of microplastics more seriously.” Nissen added. 12. How did the researchers carry out their study? A. By doing online surveys. B. By interviewing participants. C. By comparing with former experiments. D. By conducting experiments and analyzing data. 13. What did the team find about the 150 patients ? A. They were in good health before the study. B. No evidence of plastics were found in them. C. 20 percent of them died from heart attacks. D. They developed many more health problems than the 107 patients. 14. What can be inferred from Nissen’s words? A. There was no relationship between microplastics and heart diseases. B. We should pay more attention to the harm of microplastics to our body. C. The result proved a direct link between tiny plastic materials and heart problems. D. The result was inaccurate because they only looked at people with narrowed arteries. 15. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? A. Tiny plastic materials — Harmful to our body? B. Tiny plastic materials — Exist in our body? C. Tiny plastic materials — A leading cause of our health. D. Tiny plastic materials — A direct reason for heart diseases. 【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的科学研究，该研究探讨了微塑料和纳米塑料在人体内积累可能带来的危害，包括增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The study involved 257 people who had medical operations to clear blocked blood vessels (血管) in their necks. Italian researchers examined the fatty buildup the doctors removed from the carotid arteries, which supply blood and oxygen to the brain. Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics — mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen — in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients. No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients.(这项研究涉及257人，他们接受了清除颈部血管阻塞的手术。意大利研究人员检查了医生从颈动脉中移除的脂肪堆积，颈动脉为大脑提供血液和氧气。通过两种方法，他们在150名患者的动脉斑块中发现了塑料的证据——主要是看不见的纳米塑料。107名患者中没有发现塑料的证据)”以及第四段“The team followed these people for three years. During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause. These rates dropped to about eight percent among those with no evidence of plastics. Research results were recently published in a study in the New England Journal of Medicine.(研究小组对这些人进行了三年的跟踪调查。在此期间，有30人（占塑料组的20%）心脏病发作、中风或因任何原因死亡。在没有塑料证据的人群中，这一比例下降到8%左右。研究结果最近发表在《新英格兰医学杂志》的一项研究中)”可知，研究人员是通过实验和分析数据进行他们的研究。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Using two methods, they found evidence of plastics — mostly nanoplastics that cannot be seen — in the artery plaque (动脉斑块) of 150 patients. No evidence of plastics was seen in 107 patients.(通过两种方法，他们在150名患者的动脉斑块中发现了塑料的证据——主要是看不见的纳米塑料。107名患者中没有发现塑料的证据。)”以及第四段中“During that time, 30 individuals, or 20 percent of the group with plastics, had a heart attack, stroke, or died from any cause.(在此期间，有30人（占塑料组的20%）心脏病发作、中风或因任何原因死亡)”可知，动脉斑块中发现了塑料的证据的150个病人与没有发现塑料的证据107个病人相比，出现了更多的健康问题。故选D。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Maybe, it’s just a wake-up call that perhaps we need to take the problem of microplastics more seriously.(也许，这只是一个警钟，也许我们需要更认真地对待微塑料问题)”可知，我们应该更多地关注微塑料可能对我们健康造成的伤害。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“A new study examines possible harm caused by microscopic pieces of plastic that end up inside people’s bodies. These materials -known as microplastics and nanoplastics - can enter the body through the air or in food or drinks.(一项新的研究调查了最终进入人体的微小塑料碎片可能造成的危害。这些被称为微塑料和纳米塑料的材料可以通过空气或食物或饮料进入人体)”结合下文对这项科学研究的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于微塑料和纳米塑料在人体内积累可能带来的危害的研究，这些危害包括增加中风、心脏病发作或死亡的风险，A选项“微小的塑料材料——对我们的身体有害吗？”最符合文章标题。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to become a good communicator Being a good communicator is an important life skill. It can help you make friends, do well in school, and even get better jobs when you’re older. Sometimes, you may find it a struggle to communicate effectively with people around you. ____16____ Listen to others. Listening is a trait that is often forgotten about in modern society. In the process of communication, try to avoid responding to a text, opening an email, or thinking about your next meal.____17____ Show them you’re listening and interested by commenting on the story or asking questions. Speak sincerely. No one likes to be deceived. Tell people the truth. If you can’t commit to something, it’s better to be honest about it than to have to tell them last minute that you can’t make it. When people ask for your opinion, you should be honest.____18____ For instance, if you don’t like your friend’s shirt and they ask you about it, respond with, “I really like you in blue instead,” rather than, “I hate it, it’s ugly.” ____19____ How you say things is arguably more important than what you say. If you try to give someone a genuine compliment (赞美), but they think you say it with an ironic undertone, your compliment won’t mean a thing. Be aware of the way you speak. If you notice that people often take things you say the wrong way, there is a good chance you can change how you speak. Ask your friends to make you aware of the way you’re coming across. Help others communicate. Get a bunch of people together for a fun get-together. It can be as simple as a gathering at the park, or as fancy as an elegant dinner party.____20____ A. Know “how” vs “what”. B. Be aware of what you say. C. You should pay attention to what others are saying. D. This can be a good chance for you to communicate with others. E. Do remember there is a difference between honest and rude opinions. F. Either way, it shows them that you care and want to spread friendship. G. However, with practice and patience, you can become a great communicator. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成为好的交流者的四个建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Being a good communicator is an important life skill. It can help you make friends, do well in school, and even get better jobs when you’re older. Sometimes, you may find it a struggle to communicate effectively with people around you.(善于沟通是一项重要的生活技能。它可以帮助你交朋友，在学校表现好，甚至在你长大后找到更好的工作。有时候，你可能会发现与周围的人有效沟通是一件很困难的事情)”可知，上文提到成为好的交流者的益处，后文主要介绍了成为好的交流者的四个建议，推测本句与上文构成转折关系，说明沟通可以提高。故G选项“然而，通过练习和耐心，你可以成为一个伟大的沟通者”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Listening is a trait that is often forgotten about in modern society. In the process of communication, try to avoid responding to a text, opening an email, or thinking about your next meal.(倾听是一种在现代社会中经常被遗忘的特质。在交流的过程中，尽量避免回复短信，打开电子邮件，或者考虑下一顿饭)”以及后文“Show them you’re listening and interested by commenting on the story or asking questions.(通过评论故事或问问题来表明你在倾听和感兴趣)”可知，本段主要建议我们要做一个认真倾听的人。根据上下文都讲述了如何倾听的具体建议，故本句也应该是关于认真倾听的一条具体建议。故C选项“你应该注意别人在说什么”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“For instance, if you don’t like your friend’s shirt and they ask you about it, respond with, “I really like you in blue instead,” rather than, “I hate it, it’s ugly.”(例如，如果你不喜欢你朋友的衬衫，而他们问你这件衬衫，你可以这样回答：“我真的很喜欢你穿蓝色的。”而不是说：“我讨厌它，它很丑。”)”可知，本空与下文是举例关系。根据“I really like you in blue instead,” rather than, “I hate it, it’s ugly.”可以得出诚实与粗鲁是两回事。故E选项“记住诚实的意见和粗鲁的意见是有区别的”符合语境，故选E。 19题详解】 根据本段内容“How you say things is arguably more important than what you say. If you try to give someone a genuine compliment (赞美), but they think you say it with an ironic undertone, your compliment won’t mean a thing. Be aware of the way you speak. If you notice that people often take things you say the wrong way, there is a good chance you can change how you speak. Ask your friends to make you aware of the way you’re coming across.(可以说，你说话的方式比你说的话更重要。如果你试图给某人一个真诚的赞美，但他们认为你说这话带有讽刺意味，你的赞美就没有意义了。注意你说话的方式。如果你注意到人们经常误解你说的话，那你就很有可能改变你说话的方式。让你的朋友让你意识到你遇到的方式)”可知，本段主要讲述了交流中要注意说什么，尤其是该怎样说。故A选项：“知道“怎么做”和“做什么””符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Get a bunch of people together for a fun get-together. It can be as simple as a gathering at the park, or as fancy as an elegant dinner party.(召集一群人来个有趣的聚会。它可以像公园里的聚会一样简单，也可以像优雅的晚宴一样华丽)”可知，本句总结呼应上文。本段主要讲述如何帮别人交流。本空上文讲述了两个具体的帮助别人交流的做法， 故下文总结这样做的好处。根据代词either推断，不管用哪种方法，都展示了你在乎朋友，想拓展友谊。故F选项“无论哪种方式，这都表明你关心他们，想要传播友谊”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In my work as a vocational school teacher in Germany, there are a few refugees (难民) in my class. Their ____21____ of German is often rather poor regardless of whether they are “____22____ off the boat” or have lived here for a few years. Some of these students who ____23____ to complete their three-year training may continue to go to school to attain ____24____ so they can attend university. Over the last few weeks, I have taken them aside and given them ____25____ on how to enhance their language skills, such as finding ways to build their vocabulary beyond class and ____26____ language immersion courses. After class, I even took some of them to a ____27____ which displayed valuable information on a poster. They were ____28____ for this little gesture that benefited them a lot. Most important of all, I have given them tips on how to ____29____ themselves into the German culture better. I do not get any ____30____ money for offering this sort of advice, though I have ____31____ my short breaks over the years. But I feel it is important to help the youngsters because after graduation from university, they have great chance of ____32____ jobs in Germany. Meanwhile, they will feel inspired to ____33____ here. Good integration is so important as it builds bridges and expands ____34____. It makes me happy to share my knowledge as a language teacher and spread those ____35____ ripples (涟漪) in everyday life. 21. A. description B. command C. appreciation D. opinion 22. A. fresh B. distant C. clear D. close 23. A. fail B. expect C. manage D. refuse 24. A. goals B. success C. qualifications D. advantage 25. A. credits B. tips C. permission D. information 26. A. recommending B. delivering C. giving D. running 27. A. gym B. noticeboard C. classroom D. stadium 28. A. sorrowful B. thoughtful C. grateful D. fearful 29. A. transform B. turn C. divide D. integrate 30. A. enough B. good C. extra D. limited 31. A. sacrificed B. wasted C. taken D. arranged 32. A. changing B. quitting C. creating D. landing 33. A. turn down B. calm down C. slow down D. settle down 34. A. business B. horizons C. friendship D. courses 35. A. kindness B. skill C. happiness D. culture 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一位在德国的职业学校教师，班上常有多国学生，包括一些难民学生。多年来，作者利用课余时间，主动向他们提供提高语言技能和融入德国文化的建议，如读书、看报、使用语言学习应用等。尽管没有额外报酬，作者仍认为帮助这些年轻人是有价值的，因为他们的成功融入对于建设和谐社会和拓展个人视野都至关重要。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管他们是“新来”还是已经在这里住了几年，他们的德语水平通常都很差。A. description描述；B. command掌握；C. appreciation感激；D. opinion观点。根据后文“of German is often rather poor”指对德语的掌握水平很差。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管他们是“新来的”还是已经在这里住了几年，他们的德语水平通常都很差。A. fresh新鲜的；B. distant遥远的；C. clear清楚的；D. close靠近的。根据后文“off the boat” or have lived here for a few years.”此处列举了两种人，“新来的”还是已经在这里住了几年，fresh off the boat表示“初来乍到”。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些设法完成三年培训的学生中的一些人可能会继续上学，获得资格，以便上大学。A. fail失败；B. expect期待；C. manage设法；D. refuse拒绝。根据后文“to complete their three-year training may continue to go to school”指完成了培训的人可能会继续上学，manage to do sth.表示“设法完成某事”。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些设法完成三年培训的学生中的一些人可能会继续上学，获得资格，以便上大学。A. goals目标；B. success成功；C. qualifications资格证书；D. advantage优势。根据后文“so they can attend university”指要上大学需要获得资格。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几个星期里，我把他们叫到一边，给他们一些提高语言技能的建议，比如想办法在课外增加词汇量，推荐语言浸入式课程。A. credits信用；B. tips秘诀，建议；C. permission许可；D. information信息。根据后文“how to enhance their language skills”指针对如何提高语言技能提出建议。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几个星期里，我把他们叫到一边，给他们一些提高语言技能的建议，比如想办法在课外增加词汇量，推荐语言浸入式课程。A. recommending推荐；B. delivering递送；C. giving给予；D. running奔跑。根据上文“how to enhance their language skills”以及后文“language immersion courses”指作者给学生推荐可以提高语言技能的课程。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：下课后，我甚至把他们中的一些人带到公告板那儿，上面有一张海报，上面显示着有价值的信息。A. gym健身房；B. noticeboard布告栏；C. classroom教室；D. stadium体育场。根据后文“which displayed valuable information on a poster”可知，展示信息的应该是公告板，故选B。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们很感激这个让他们受益匪浅的小举动。A. sorrowful悲伤的；B. thoughtful体贴的；C. grateful感谢的；D. fearful可怕的。根据后文“for this little gesture that benefited them a lot”可知，作者的行为让他们受益，所以充满感激。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我给了他们一些如何更好地融入德国文化的建议。A. transform变换；B. turn转弯；C. divide分开；D. integrate合并。根据后文“Good integration”可知，此处指融入德国文化。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些年来我牺牲了我短暂的休息时间，但我并没有因为提供这类建议而得到任何额外的钱。A. enough足够的；B. good好的；C. extra额外的；D. limited有限的。根据后文“my short breaks over the years”可知，作者是利用休息时间自愿来做这件事的，所以没有额外的钱。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些年来我牺牲了我短暂的休息时间，但我并没有因为提供这类建议而得到任何额外的钱。A. sacrificed牺牲；B. wasted浪费；C. taken带走；D. arranged安排。根据后文“my short breaks”可知，作者通过牺牲自己的休息时间来帮助学生。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我觉得帮助年轻人很重要，因为从大学毕业后，他们有很大的机会在德国找到工作。A. changing改变；B. quitting停止；C. creating创造；D. landing着陆，成功得到。根据上文“But I feel it is important to help the youngsters because after graduation from university, they have great chance of”可知，作者的帮助可以让年轻人大学毕业以后在德国找到工作，land a job表示“获得一份工作”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：与此同时，他们也会受到鼓舞，在这里定居下来。A. turn down拒绝；B. calm down平静下来；C. slow down减速；D. settle down定居。根据上文“jobs”可知，能在德国找到工作，意味着可以在这里定居下来。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：良好的整合非常重要，因为它可以搭建桥梁，拓展视野。A. business生意；B. horizons眼界；C. friendship友谊；D. courses课程。根据上文“Good integration is so important as it builds bridges and expands”可知，文化整合可以搭建桥梁，拓展视野。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名语言教师，我乐于分享我的知识，并将这些善良的涟漪传播到日常生活中。A. kindness善良；B. skill技能；C. happiness幸福；D. culture文化。根据上文“It makes me happy to share my knowledge as a language teacher”以及作者帮助这些学生发展事业，都是善举。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mobile payment refers to a cashless payment method using mobile devices ____36____ (purchase) goods or services. Over the past decade, mobile payment ____37____ (become) the main payment method in China. Whether shopping, eating or traveling, mobile payment is everywhere and popular. It has been the business card of China’s technological innovation. NFC, QR code, face ____38____ (recognize) and other technologies have been combined with various production and life applications,____39____ has facilitated people’s life and promoted social and technological innovation. Both online shopping and offline large shopping malls began to provide consumers ____40____ mobile payment methods such as code scanning payment, ____41____ (create) more convenient shopping experience. Although credit card payment ____42____ (launch) in America in the 1950s, its speed of popularizing mobile payment is very slow in the Internet era. In 2019, the scale of mobile payment in America was only $112 billion, while ____43____ in China was $9 trillion. Nowadays, in daily routine, people in China ____44____ (basic) only need to carry a mobile phone. Many Americans are amazed by the power and convenience ____45____ (bring) by China’s mobile payment. 【答案】36. to purchase 37. has become 38. recognition 39. which 40. with 41. creating 42. was launched 43. that 44. basically 45. brought 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了移动支付这项新技术在中国的迅速普及以及它给我们生活带来的方便。 36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：移动支付是指使用移动设备购买商品或服务的无现金支付方式。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以此空应填动词不定式作形式。故填to purchase。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，移动支付已经成为中国的主要支付方式。此空作谓语动词， 主语mobile payment与become为主动关系，再由Over the past decade可知，这里应用现在完成时，主语是mobile payment，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：NFC、二维码、人脸识别等技术与各种生产生活应用相结合，方便了人们的生活，促进了社会技术创新。根据本句and 前后并列的都是名词短语可知，本空要使用动词recognize的名词形式recognition，为不可数名词，在本句中作主语。故填recognition。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：NFC、二维码、人脸识别等技术与各种生产生活应用相结合，方便了人们的生活，促进了社会技术创新。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前边的整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：无论是线上购物还是线下大型商场，都开始为消费者提供扫码支付等移动支付方式，创造更便捷的购物体验。provide sb. with sth.为固定搭配，表示“给某人提供某物”。故填with。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论是线上购物还是线下大型商场，都开始为消费者提供扫码支付等移动支付方式，创造更便捷的购物体验。句中已有谓语began，空处作非谓语动词，结合语意可知，线上线下均提供移动支付方式，自然而然的结果是创造更便捷的购物体验，所以空处应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填creating。 【42题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：尽管信用卡支付是在20世纪50年代在美国推出的，但在互联网时代，其普及移动支付的速度非常缓慢。由in the 1950s 可知，although引导的从句要用一般过去时，且credit card payment与launch为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是credit card payment，be动词使用was。故填was launched。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：2019年，美国的移动支付规模仅为1120亿美元，而中国为9万亿美元。空格指代的是移动支付规模。而scale为不可数名词，应用that指代。故填that。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，在日常生活中，中国人基本上只需要携带一部手机。此空应用副词basically作状语，修饰后面动词。故填basically。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多美国人对中国移动支付带来的力量和便利感到惊讶。句中已有are，空处作非谓语动词，the power and convenience与bring为被动关系，空处应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填brought。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 你校将举办英语演讲比赛，请以“Be a sustainable tourist”为题写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1. 生态旅游的重要性； 2. 具体建议或做法。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Be a sustainable tourist Sustainable tourism is about connecting people with their cultures. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Be a sustainable tourist Sustainable tourism is about connecting people with their cultures. Not only does it aim to minimize tourism’s negative impact on the environment, economy, and culture, but it also enhances opportunities for the future. So essential is it that we should act as sustainable tourists. First, it is of great significance to travel in an environmentally friendly manner, such as travelling on local public transport, and reducing using disposable products. Meanwhile, local cultures should be preserved. What needs to be emphasized is that the custom of local people needs to be respected. Only when we respect nature, culture and people can we contribute to sustainable tourism. Let’s act together and be a sustainable tourist! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校将举办英语演讲比赛，要求考生以“Be a sustainable tourist”为题写一篇发言稿。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 影响：impact→influence 加强：enhance→strengthen 重要：be of great significance→be significant 同时：meanwhile→at the same time 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Sustainable tourism is about connecting people with their cultures. 拓展句：It is connecting people with their cultures that sustainable tourism is about. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What needs to be emphasized is that the custom of local people needs to be respected. (运用了what引导主语从句以及that引导的表语从句) 【高分句型2】Only when we respect nature, culture and people can we contribute to sustainable tourism. (运用了倒装句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Hannah and I have been best friends since primary school and we spend almost every day with each other, sharing everything happening in our daily life and discussing problems in our school work. Sometimes, other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study, but we like it that way. We are both very hard-working and always get good grades at school. Last Monday, we had a surprise math quiz. Thinking it was quite easy, I was not worried about the results at all. I must have sounded very proud of myself after the quiz, saying how easy it was and how I was sure to get a good grade. Unexpectedly, the next day after class, my math teacher told me that I had the lowest grade in the class! My heart sank and a great sense of shame washed over me; I must be really stupid to fail a simple math quiz! Afterwards, I pretended to be cheerful, as if nothing had happened, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. When we went to wash our hands in the girls’ washroom before lunch, Hannah tried to figure out what the matter was. Struggling to hold back my tears, I admitted I had failed the math quiz. “But you are a born math genius and you have put all your efforts in it. There must be some mistakes!” Hannah couldn’t believe her ears. “I shouldn’t have been so confident. Would you please keep it a secret for me?” I begged. Hannah nodded, promising not to tell anyone else about the secret. However, that afternoon I noticed that my classmates were staring at me as I came into math class and, when I went to sit down, I was shocked to find a piece of paper on my desk that said, “Stupid Sarah got a D!” I was so upset that I felt like crying. I thought that Hannah must have told my classmates about my grade after promising not to. Everyone must have been laughing behind my back! 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next morning, my math teacher came to me, apologizing for his carelessness. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 I was so angry that I went straight to Hannah. “Why didn’t you keep my grade as a secret as promised?” I shouted at Hannah, glaring at her, my eyes burning with annoyance and disappointment. Surprised and innocent, she explained that she didn’t betray me. However, I couldn’t compose myself that I covered my ears with both hands, refusing to hear even a single word from her. Hannah bit her lips nervously, trying to hold back her tears. Then, she cast an anxious look at me, dashed out of the classroom and rushed to the math teacher’s office. “What is she doing?” I thought to myself. The next morning, the math teacher approached me, apologizing for his carelessness. A sense of shock choked my words. Only then did I realize that I misunderstood my best friend Hannah. With a wave of shame and embarrassment flooding over me, I walked slowly to Hannah, sincerely expressing my apology. To my surprise, she thumbed up, spread her arms, and hugged me tightly. Since then, our friendship has been further strengthened. Actually, nothing can defeat real friendship. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了我和汉娜之间友谊经受考验的一件小事：在一次数学考试后，我被数学老师告知数学没有及格。上厕所时，我把秘密告诉了我最好的朋友汉娜，并请求她不要告诉别人。但是，那天下午我就发现有同学在我的桌子贴了一张写有羞辱话语的纸条。这让我认定是汉娜把我的秘密告诉了别人，并找到汉娜对她进行了指责。第二天早晨，数学老师找到我，并向我解释，是她弄错了成绩。我才知道自己冤枉了汉娜，因此找到汉娜进行道歉。两人重归于好，友谊得到进一步升华。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我非常生气，直接去找汉娜”可知，第一段可描写作者与汉娜发生误会的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，数学老师来找我，为他的粗心道歉”可知，第二段可描写数学老师为他的粗心向我道歉。从而知道自己误会了汉娜。因此，本段写我在数学老师的开导下，与汉娜解除误会的过程。并通过此事让我们的友谊得到升华。 2.续写线索：找到汉娜——爆发冲突——汉娜解释——作者拒绝接受——数学老师道歉——作者认识到错误——修复友谊——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①克制：hold back /contain ②拒绝：refuse/decline ③意识到：realize /be aware of 情绪类 ①愤怒：annoyance/anger ②惊讶：surprise/astonishment 【点睛】[高分句型1] Hannah bit her lips nervously, trying to hold back her tears. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Only then did I realize that I misunderstood my best friend Hannah. (运用了only+状语位于句首的倒装句) 听力1-5 ABBCC 6-10 CAABC 11-15 BCABB 16-20CBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$