专题09 短文首字母填空 -【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语真题分类汇编（天津专用）

专题09 短文首字母填空 年份 考题内容（2020-2024） 命题趋势 2024年 主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。 文章体裁多样，包括故事、说明文、记叙文等。 重点考查对上下文的理解和词汇的运用能力。 所填单词多为实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。 要求考生具备一定的语法知识，能够正确判断句子的结构和成分。 空格设置均匀分布在文章中，不会过于集中。 文章内容通常与学生的日常生活、社会文化、科普知识等相关。 对学生的逻辑推理能力有一定要求，需要根据上下文的逻辑关系推断出合适的单词。 考查的词汇既包括常见词汇，也可能涉及一些稍具难度的词汇或短语。 越来越注重语境的理解，单纯考查语法的情况减少。 2023年 主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。 2022年 主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。 2021年 文章讲了电动汽车的发展史。 2020年 文章介绍了谚语“回家真好”，人们喜欢家里的什么，以及在家能帮忙做什么家务事等等。 （2024·天津·中考真题） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p____56____ them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e____57____ for them. They had to move from place to place to s____58____ for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a____59____ to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u____60____ they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c____61____ their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g____62____ in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a____63____ for milk, meat and skins. They became f___64___ and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l____65____ than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). （2023·天津·中考真题） A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p____56____ with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r____57____ to smile often. First, it is e____58____ to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f____59____ a rest and smile! Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l____60____ nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a____61____ someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy. Third, smiles have power (感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s____62____ from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s____63____, the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up. F____64____, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be difficult to s____65____ sad for very long! （2022·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 In the small villages of Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, most kids want to read books. But no roads go to their homes, only miles and miles of sand. Cars and trucks are not useful, s____1____ library books arrive on the backs of camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the books. Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____2____ to the villages together. One camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shows the b____3____ to the kids inside. Two weeks later, the camels c____4____ back with new books. Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand (泰国) get books in a d____5____ way. Their “l____6____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult journey. Because they are large, they can carry many books in metal cases (金属箱). The metal protects the books from the heavy rains that f____7____ in the area. Indonesia (印度尼西亚) has its own difficulties. The country has over 17,000 islands. Most people t____8____ by boat and they also carry their books by boat. A library boat holds(容纳) about 500 books in boxes. Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded (交换) for new books a few weeks l____9____. For people who live far and can’t get to a library, a library that comes to them brings more than books. It brings a whole w_____10_____ of information. （2021·天津·中考真题）Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they’ve been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were petrol (汽油) cars. At that time, petrol was e____11____ compared with other fuels (燃料). W____12____ petrol prices dropped and new technologies were developed, electric cars went out of fashion (过时). Instead, petrol cars became more p____13____ because they could travel longer distances (距离) without stopping. During the 20th century, petrol cars got bigger, heavier, and faster. They needed more fuel, and it c____14____ more air pollution. For years, car makers didn’t worry about pollution. They didn’t worry about the amount of petrol cars used, e____15____. But when people began to realise that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars. One m____16____ of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car (混合动力车), one that ran partly on petrol and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when petrol prices went up and the prices of hybrid cars went d____17____. An all-electric car uses no petrol. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再充电). That makes electric cars not so useful for long j____18____. Many people are not p____19____ with it. The government and car makers are w_____20_____ together to develop safe, cheap, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, a petrol station may be a thing of the past. （2020·天津·中考真题）Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home’? This is just another way of saying that it’s n 1 to be home! A lot of the people and things we love are at home. What do you like about being at home? What do you like best about being at home? Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters. Maybe you e 2 staying with your mum and dad. Maybe you have a pet you like to play with. Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special. Your bedroom is a 3 thing that makes home special. Your toys, your books, and your favourite things are in your bedroom. Consider what you like best about your room. Is it how it looks? Is it your comfortable b 4 that you sleep on? Maybe you like to have a q 5 place to read a book or to think about your day. Mealtime can be a special time at home. Families sit around the table to eat the food Mum or Dad has prepared. It’s a time to share interesting s 6 about your day. How do you help at home? There are a lot of things to do to make home a special place. Who does the chores (家庭杂务) l 7 cleaning, cooking, and yardwork (庭院劳动) at your house? When families work t 8 to do the chores, it makes them easier and more fun for everyone. Maybe you can h 9 lay the dinner table or clear the places. Maybe you can pull weeds (草) out of the flower garden. Maybe you can water the vegetable garden or the houseplants. Think about what you can do, so that w 10 you come home every day, you can say, “Home, sweet home!” （2024·天津和平·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Are you an “I” person or an “E” person? We hear this question a lot these days. In f 1 , these are two personality (性格) types based on the MBTI test. Generally, an “I” person is shy and quiet, while an “E” person is outgoing. So what is the MBTI test? It’s a personality test that helps us understand our personality b 2 and tells us how we relate to the world around us. It was d 3 in the 1940 by Katharine Cook Briggs. When you take the MBTI test, you are given several sets of questions. For each question, you need to c 4 the answer that best matches your feelings, attitudes and behavior Then you’ll know what your personality type is. The MBTI test is popular for many r 5 . Let’s take a closer look at just a few. First people want to understand themselves. Human personality is very complex (复杂的), and this test provides a simple way for people to learn about t 6 . Next, taking the MBTI test is relaxing and enjoyable, b 7 its questions are interesting. Then, people try to find connections. The MBTI test o 8 a way to go beyond small talk and connect with other on a deeper level. Finally, while there are many kinds of personality tests on the market, the MBTI test is the most widely used. The MBTI test may show s 9 we don’t know about ourselves and can be a fun way to help us make new friends. But knowing someone’s MBTI results doesn’t m 10 we really know that person. Nor do the MBTI results define (定义) who we are. （2024·天津河西·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Chen Xingrong, 16, whose favorite activity is jumping onto the swing (秋千) in the living room. The swing was s 11 up by his father to help him learn how to swim without water. He was diagnosed (诊断) with autism (自闭症) when he was a baby. “We did not understand why such a thing would happen to us,” Chen Xunhu says, adding that he began travelling to big c 12 such as Beijing and Guangzhou to learn more about autism. He even quit (停止) his job and paid his full a 13 to the disease. In 2012, the father learned that swimming could help people with autism, so he spent months learning how to swim by watching videos and reading books. At first the training to his son didn’t w 14 . To his surprise, after three months, he discovered that his son had developed the ability to control his b 15 under water. It improved his confidence, and swimming soon became a keen (热衷的) activity of the family. Thanks to the strict training and the love and support of his family and community members, Chen Xingrong m 16 become an outstanding swimmer. Last year, he won five m 17 , including a gold, a 18 the eighth National Special Olympic Games. As well as swimming, learning b 19 life skills is also an important part of life for a teenager with autism. With his father’s efforts, Chen has learned to buy food in the market. He also works as a v 20 at a restaurant and likes to take care of patients in a clinic (诊所) by covering the patients with quilts (被子). “I hope he will live a wonderful life in the future.” （2024·天津武清·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect time to plan a day at the beach. There, you can enjoy a 21 like swimming, surfing, and building castles in the sand. However, it’s important to keep beach safety in mind. Now, there is a new AI water management system that can help prevent drownings (溺水). Sight-bit was developed by a company which can be used to help s 22 lives. This program was created later, a 23 its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea. He believed this could have been stopped and s 24 working on this program. The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water conditions. The AI is able to w 25 the videos and find dangers. For example, it can tell when the waves are d 26 or if someone is in trouble in the water. The system can also tell the differences between adults, children and different kinds of boats. The information helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs h 27 . Then they can receive warnings on devices (设备) like smartphones and smartwatches. This way, they can act q 28 to stop accidents. Now, this technology is used in many places around the world, including p 29 beaches, private clubs, and resorts (度假胜地). The creator’s goal is for every beach to be a safe place where families can enjoy their time w 30 worry. This technology shows how science and caring for others can make a big difference in keeping us safe while we are having fun. It’s a great example of what can be achieved when we use new ideas to solve real-world problems. （2024·天津南开·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 31 in Chinese culture. The chrysanthemum is k 32 as one of the “Four Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the plum blossom, the orchid, and bamboo. In the past, they stood for noble (高尚的) qualities. The chrysanthemum comes out in bright colors during cold a 33 days when most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired (启发) ancient Chinese poets. They spoke highly of its beauty and also used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) their o 34 in their works. Tao Yuanming was a f 35 poet. He once wrote a poem about living as a hermit (隐士). He described how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his s 36 in the poem. “I pluck chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山),” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the s 37 of the hermit. But the chrysanthemum is not only found in Chinese poems. It is also a p 38 of Chinese food. The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. On that day, drinking wine made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It tastes great. People believe it is good for one’s health, e 39 for eyes. In a word, the chrysanthemum has i 40 people’s life deeply and widely. （2024·天津河东·二模）How can you do calculations (计算) quickly? These days, you are a 41 to use a calculator (计算器). But how about people in ancient times? In the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones. Then, around the 2nd century B．C． Chinese b 42 to use the abacuses (算盘). Now some researchers c 43 it to be the world’s oldest calculator. In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years b 44 electronic calculators became popular. The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads (珠子). Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器) s 45 for five, and each bead below the divider means one. By moving the beads with fingers up or down, one can do all kinds of calculations. It is great to watch a skilled hand use an abacus. You can watch f 46 move and beads knock. And after a few seconds, the result comes out. Through lots of p 47 , you can use the abacus well. In the past, the abacus was used in all schools. It was considered to be a b 48 skill that everybody needed to pick up. Today, p 49 you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used. However, we can still feel the important role they once played. Abacuses have become a symbol of much money. Some have come to b 50 that abacuses can bring their owners wealth. People often give a new baby a golden abacus-shaped amulet (护身符) as a present. It is thought that the amulet will help the kid grow up and become a rich person. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题09 短文首字母填空 年份 考题内容（2020-2024） 命题趋势 2024年 主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。 文章体裁多样，包括故事、说明文、记叙文等。 重点考查对上下文的理解和词汇的运用能力。 所填单词多为实词，如名词、动词、形容词、副词等。 要求考生具备一定的语法知识，能够正确判断句子的结构和成分。 空格设置均匀分布在文章中，不会过于集中。 文章内容通常与学生的日常生活、社会文化、科普知识等相关。 对学生的逻辑推理能力有一定要求，需要根据上下文的逻辑关系推断出合适的单词。 考查的词汇既包括常见词汇，也可能涉及一些稍具难度的词汇或短语。 越来越注重语境的理解，单纯考查语法的情况减少。 2023年 主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。 2022年 主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。 2021年 文章讲了电动汽车的发展史。 2020年 文章介绍了谚语“回家真好”，人们喜欢家里的什么，以及在家能帮忙做什么家务事等等。 （2024·天津·中考真题） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters (遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p____56____ them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’. These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e____57____ for them. They had to move from place to place to s____58____ for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a____59____ to eat, they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u____60____ they learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c____61____ their bodies. However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g____62____ in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a____63____ for milk, meat and skins. They became f___64___ and lived in only one certain area. Their groups became l____65____ than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的). 【答案】56. (p)rotect 57. (e)asy 58. (s)earch 59. (a)nything 60. (u)ntil 61. (c)over 62. (g)rew 63. (a)nimals 64. (f)armers 65. (l)arger 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍“穴居人”的生活。 【56题详解】 句意：这些“家”只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据“These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p... them from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests.”可知，这些“家”保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect“保护”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(p)rotect。 【57题详解】 句意：这些“穴居人”通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据“These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e... for them.”可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy“容易的”，在句中作表语，故填(e)asy。 【58题详解】 句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据“They had to move from place to place to s... for food.”可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for“寻找”符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(s)earch。 【59题详解】 句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据“When they couldn’t find a... to eat, they would leave to find another proper place.”可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything“任何东西”，用于否定句中，故填(a)nything。 【60题详解】 句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据“They ate raw (生的) food u... they learnt how to make a fire.”可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until“直到”符合语境，故填(u)ntil。 【61题详解】 句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据“they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c... their bodies”可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover“遮盖”，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填(c)over。 【62题详解】 句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据“They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g... in the forests.”可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow“生长”，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填(g)rew。 【63题详解】 句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据“They also kept cows, sheep and other kinds of farm a... for milk, meat and skins.”可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal“动物”，“other kinds of”修饰可数名词复数，故填(a)nimals。 【64题详解】 句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据“They became f... and lived in only one certain area.”可知，他们成了农民，farmer“农民”，主语“They”是复数，故填(f)armers。 【65题详解】 句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据“Their groups became l... than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives.”可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger“更大的”，在句中作表语，故填(l)arger。 （2023·天津·中考真题） A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p____56____ with some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r____57____ to smile often. First, it is e____58____ to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f____59____ a rest and smile! Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l____60____ nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a____61____ someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy. Third, smiles have power (感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s____62____ from one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person laughs, people tend (往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s____63____, the best thing to do is to share a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up. F____64____, smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You’ll find that it will be difficult to s____65____ sad for very long! 【答案】56. (p)leased 57. (r)easons 58. (e)asier 59. (f)ace 60. (l)ook 61. (a)round 62. (s)pread 63. (s)ad 64. (F)inally 65. (s)tay 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。 【56题详解】 句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。 【57题详解】 句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，reason“理由，原因”，other后接名词复数。故填(r)easons。 【58题详解】 句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。 【59题详解】 句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。 【60题详解】 句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising or wearing nice clothes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，look“看起来”，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填(l)ook。 【61题详解】 句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用around表示“在……周围”。故填(a)round。 【62题详解】 句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“from one person to another”可知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。 【63题详解】 句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。 【64题详解】 句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Second ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。 【65题详解】 句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“for very long”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。 （2022·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 In the small villages of Kenya (肯尼亚), Africa, most kids want to read books. But no roads go to their homes, only miles and miles of sand. Cars and trucks are not useful, s____1____ library books arrive on the backs of camels. Camels can handle (应付) the sand and the books. Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian (图书管理员) w____2____ to the villages together. One camel carries about 180 kilos of books, and the other carries a tent. At each village, the librarian sets up the tent and shows the b____3____ to the kids inside. Two weeks later, the camels c____4____ back with new books. Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand (泰国) get books in a d____5____ way. Their “l____6____” are carried by elephants. These animals can handle the difficult journey. Because they are large, they can carry many books in metal cases (金属箱). The metal protects the books from the heavy rains that f____7____ in the area. Indonesia (印度尼西亚) has its own difficulties. The country has over 17,000 islands. Most people t____8____ by boat and they also carry their books by boat. A library boat holds(容纳) about 500 books in boxes. Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded (交换) for new books a few weeks l____9____. For people who live far and can’t get to a library, a library that comes to them brings more than books. It brings a whole w_____10_____ of information. 【答案】1．(s)o 2．(w)alk 3．(b)ooks 4．(c)ome 5．(d)ifferent 6．(l)ibraries 7．(f)all 8．(t)ravel 9．(l)ater 10．(w)orld 【解析】 本文主要介绍了一些贫穷国家的一些特殊的运送图书的方式。 1．句意：汽车和卡车没有用处，所以图书馆的书是骑在骆驼背上的。根据“Cars and trucks are not useful...library books arrive on the backs of camels”以及首字母可知前后两句是因果关系，前因后果，用so引导。故填(s)o。 2．句意：两只骆驼、一个骆驼司机和一个图书管理员一起步行到村庄。根据“Two camels, a camel driver, and a librarian”以及首字母并结合上文可知汽车和卡车没有用，所以他们是步行，walk“步行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(w)alk。 3．句意：在每个村庄，图书管理员都会搭起帐篷，向里面的孩子们展示书籍。根据“the librarian sets up the tent and shows the...to the kids inside”以及首字母可知图书管理员给孩子展示书籍，表泛指用名词复数books“书”。故填(b)ooks。 4．句意：两周后，骆驼带着新书回来了。根据“back with new books”以及首字母可知是带着新书回来，come back“回来”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(c)ome。 5．句意：泰国北部山区的一些人以不同的方式获取书籍。根据“Some people in the mountains of northern Thailand(泰国) get books in”以及首字母并结合下文可知泰国人获取书籍的方式也不同，修饰名词用形容词different“不同的”。故填(d)ifferent。 6．句意：他们的“图书馆”由大象携带。根据“are carried by elephants”以及首字母可知此处指图书馆，library“图书馆”，根据are可知主语用名词复数。故填(l)ibraries。 7．句意：金属保护书籍免受该地区的大雨影响。根据“The metal protects the books from the heavy rains”以及首字母可知是下雨，fall“落下”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(f)all。 8．句意：大多数人乘船旅行，他们也乘船携带书籍。根据“by boat and they also carry their books by boat.”以及首字母可知是乘船旅行，travel“旅行”，句子使用一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填(t)ravel。 9．句意：成箱的书留在村子里，几周后被换成新书。根据“Boxes of books are left in villages and are traded(交换) for new books a few weeks”以及首字母可知是几周后换新书，later“之后”。故填(l)ater。 10．句意：它带来了很多信息。根据“It brings a whole...of information”以及首字母可知是很多信息，a world of“很多”。故填(w)orld。 （2021·天津·中考真题）Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they’ve been around for years. In the early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were petrol (汽油) cars. At that time, petrol was e____11____ compared with other fuels (燃料). W____12____ petrol prices dropped and new technologies were developed, electric cars went out of fashion (过时). Instead, petrol cars became more p____13____ because they could travel longer distances (距离) without stopping. During the 20th century, petrol cars got bigger, heavier, and faster. They needed more fuel, and it c____14____ more air pollution. For years, car makers didn’t worry about pollution. They didn’t worry about the amount of petrol cars used, e____15____. But when people began to realise that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars. One m____16____ of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car (混合动力车), one that ran partly on petrol and partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when petrol prices went up and the prices of hybrid cars went d____17____. An all-electric car uses no petrol. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再充电). That makes electric cars not so useful for long j____18____. Many people are not p____19____ with it. The government and car makers are w_____20_____ together to develop safe, cheap, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, a petrol station may be a thing of the past. 【答案】11．(e)xpensive 12．(W)hen 13．(p)opular 14．(c)aused 15．(e)ither 16．(m)ethod 17．(d)own 18．(j)ourneys 19．(p)leased 20．(w)orking 文章讲了电动汽车的发展史。 11．句意：在那个时候，汽油和其他燃料相比是昂贵的。根据“petrol prices dropped”可知之前是很昂贵的。故填(e)xpensive。 12．句意：当汽油价格下降和新技术的发展，电动汽车不再流行。此处表示当某事发生的时候，另一件事发生了，用when引导时间状语从句。故填(W)hen。 13．句意：相反，汽油汽车变得更受欢迎，因为它们可以不停车行驶更长的距离。根据“because they could travel longer distances without stopping”可知此处讲到汽油汽车的优势，应是变的受欢迎了，popular受欢迎的，形容词作表语。故填(p)opular。 14．句意：他们需要更多的燃料，而这导致了更多的空气污染。根据“more air pollution”及首字母c可知此处表示引起更多污染，cause引起，再由“needed”可知用一般过去时。故填(c)aused。 15．句意：他们也不担心汽油汽车的使用量。“didn’t worry about”与前面重复，由此推出是也不担心，either也，用于否定句末尾。故填(e)ither。 16．句意：解决这个问题的一种方法是“混合”汽车，一种部分依靠汽油，部分依靠电力的汽车。根据“solving the problem”可知讲解决问题的方法，结合首字母m可知用method表示“方法”，One后接其单数形式。故填(m)ethod。 17．句意：混合动力汽车在2000年代开始流行，当时汽油价格上涨，混合动力汽车的价格下降。根据“Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s”可知混合汽车的价格应是下降了，go down下降。故填(d)own。 18．句意：这使得电动汽车在长途旅行中不那么有用。根据“The problem, however, is that car batteries need to be recharged.”可知电动汽车需要在充电，不适合长途旅行，journey旅行，long前没有不定冠词或其他限定词，用复数形式journeys。故填(j)ourneys。 19．句意：很多人都不满意。根据“That makes electric cars not so useful for long journeys.”可知人们是对电动汽车不能用于长途旅行这一现象不满意。be pleased with对……感到满意。故填(p)leased。 20．句意：政府和汽车制造商正在合作开发安全、便宜、有用的电动汽车。根据“to develop safe, cheap, and useful electric cars.”可知政府和汽车制造厂是一起工作，work工作，are后接现在分词构成现在进行时。故填(w)orking。 （2020·天津·中考真题）Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home’? This is just another way of saying that it’s n 1 to be home! A lot of the people and things we love are at home. What do you like about being at home? What do you like best about being at home? Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters. Maybe you e 2 staying with your mum and dad. Maybe you have a pet you like to play with. Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special. Your bedroom is a 3 thing that makes home special. Your toys, your books, and your favourite things are in your bedroom. Consider what you like best about your room. Is it how it looks? Is it your comfortable b 4 that you sleep on? Maybe you like to have a q 5 place to read a book or to think about your day. Mealtime can be a special time at home. Families sit around the table to eat the food Mum or Dad has prepared. It’s a time to share interesting s 6 about your day. How do you help at home? There are a lot of things to do to make home a special place. Who does the chores (家庭杂务) l 7 cleaning, cooking, and yardwork (庭院劳动) at your house? When families work t 8 to do the chores, it makes them easier and more fun for everyone. Maybe you can h 9 lay the dinner table or clear the places. Maybe you can pull weeds (草) out of the flower garden. Maybe you can water the vegetable garden or the houseplants. Think about what you can do, so that w 10 you come home every day, you can say, “Home, sweet home!” 【答案】 1．nice 2．enjoy 3．another 4．bed 5．quiet 6．stories 7．like 8．together 9．help 10．when 【分析】文章介绍了谚语“回家真好”，人们喜欢家里的什么，以及在家能帮忙做什么家务事等等。 1．句意：这只是另一种方式说回家很好！ 根据句意理解及前句Have you ever heard the saying, “Home, sweet home”?可知，这里表达的是“回家真好”，空格表示的是“好的”，在句中作表语，所以用形容词nice，故答案为nice。 2．句意：也许你喜欢和爸爸妈妈呆在一起。 根据句意理解及前句Maybe you like to play with your brothers and sisters.可知，这里表达的是“喜欢”，英语是enjoy，前句用的是一般现在时，所以这里也用一般现在时，主语是第二人称，所以动词用原形，故答案为enjoy。 3．句意：你的卧室是另一个让家变得特别的东西。 根据句意理解及前句Spending time with your family is one thing that makes being at home special.可知，这里表达的是“另一个”，英语是another，表示不确定数目的另一个，故答案为another。 4．句意：这是你在上面睡的舒适的床吗？ 根据句意理解及空格后that you sleep on可知，这里说的是“床”，英语是bed，而这里指的是“你睡觉的床”，所以应该用单数形式，故答案为bed。 5．句意：也许你喜欢有一个安静的地方看书或思考你的一天。 根据句意理解及后句to read a book or to think about your day可知，这里表达的是“安静的”，英语是quiet，在句中修饰的是空格后面的名词place，故答案为quiet。 6．句意：现在是分享你一天中有趣故事的时候了。 根据句意理解及空格前的share interesting以及空格后的about your day可知，这里指的是“故事”，英语是story，是一个可数名词，所以这里应该用复数形式，表示很多有趣的故事，故答案为stories。 7．句意：你家里的家务活是谁干的，比如打扫卫生、做饭和庭院劳动？ 根据句意理解及空格后面的cleaning, cooking, and yardwork可知，空格后面是举例家务，所以这里表达的是“像，比如”，英语是介词like，故答案为like。 8．句意：当一家人一起做家务时…… 根据句意理解及后句it makes them easier and more fun for everyone.可知，这里表达的是“一起工作”，英语是work together，所以空格缺的是“一起”，故答案为together。 9．句意：也许你可以帮忙摆好餐桌或者清洁一下。 根据句意理解及后句lay the dinner table or clear the places可知，这里表达的是“帮助”，英语是help，而空格前有情态动词can，所以这里应该用动词原形，故答案为help。 10．句意：想想你能做些什么，这样当你每天回家时，你可以说，“家，温馨的家！” 根据句意理解可知，这里是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句，所以空格缺的是时间状语从句的连词，表示的是“当……时”，所以空格应该用when来引导，故答案为when。 （2024·天津和平·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Are you an “I” person or an “E” person? We hear this question a lot these days. In f 1 , these are two personality (性格) types based on the MBTI test. Generally, an “I” person is shy and quiet, while an “E” person is outgoing. So what is the MBTI test? It’s a personality test that helps us understand our personality b 2 and tells us how we relate to the world around us. It was d 3 in the 1940 by Katharine Cook Briggs. When you take the MBTI test, you are given several sets of questions. For each question, you need to c 4 the answer that best matches your feelings, attitudes and behavior Then you’ll know what your personality type is. The MBTI test is popular for many r 5 . Let’s take a closer look at just a few. First people want to understand themselves. Human personality is very complex (复杂的), and this test provides a simple way for people to learn about t 6 . Next, taking the MBTI test is relaxing and enjoyable, b 7 its questions are interesting. Then, people try to find connections. The MBTI test o 8 a way to go beyond small talk and connect with other on a deeper level. Finally, while there are many kinds of personality tests on the market, the MBTI test is the most widely used. The MBTI test may show s 9 we don’t know about ourselves and can be a fun way to help us make new friends. But knowing someone’s MBTI results doesn’t m 10 we really know that person. Nor do the MBTI results define (定义) who we are. 【答案】 1．(f)act 2．(b)etter 3．(d)eveloped 4．(c)hoose 5．(r)easons 6．(t)hemselves 7．(b)ecause 8．(o)ffers 9．(s)omething 10．(m)ean 【导语】本文主要介绍了MBTI测试的相关内容，包括它的定义、起源、使用方法、流行原因等。 1．句意：事实上，根据MBTI测试，这是两种性格类型。此处是固定短语in fact“事实上”。故填(f)act。 2．句意：这是一种性格测试，可以帮助我们更好地了解自己的性格，并告诉我们如何与周围的世界联系起来。根据“It’s a personality test that helps us understand our personality”和首字母可知，MBTI测试可以帮助我们更好了解自己的性格。better“更好地”符合语境，故填(b)etter。 3．句意：它是在20世纪40年代由凯瑟琳·库克·布里格斯发明的。根据“by Katharine Cook Briggs.”和首字母可知，这个性格测试是这个人开发的。develop“开发”，动词，此处是一般过去时的被动语态，动词用过去分词，故填(d)eveloped。 4．句意：对于每个问题，你需要选择最符合你的感觉、态度和行为的答案，然后你就知道你的性格类型是什么了。根据“ the answer that best matches your feelings,”可知，是指选择符合自己的感觉、态度和行为的答案。choose“选择”，位于动词不定式符号to后，应用动词原形，故填(c)hoose。 5．句意：MBTI测试受欢迎的原因有很多。根据“The MBTI test is popular”和下文可知，介绍这个测试受欢迎的原因，这里应用复数名词reasons。故填(r)easons。 6．句意：人的性格是非常复杂的，这个测试为人们了解自己提供了一个简单的方法。根据“his test provides a simple way for people to learn about”可知，这个测试可以帮助人们了解自己，应用反身代词themselves，故填(t)hemselves。 7．句意：其次，参加MBTI考试是放松和愉快的，因为它的问题很有趣。分析句子可知，前后是因果关系，前果后因，故填(b)ecause。 8．句意：MBTI测试提供了一种超越闲聊的方式，可以在更深层次上与他人交流。根据“The MBTI test o...a way to go beyond small talk”可知，这个性格测试提供了一种超越闲聊的方式。offer“提供”，动词，句子是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用三单形式。故填(o)ffers。 9．句意：MBTI测试可能会显示一些我们不知道的关于我们自己的东西，可以是一个有趣的方式来帮助我们结交新朋友。“ we don’t know about ourselves”是定语从句，空处是先行词，结合首字母和本句是肯定句可知，something“某事”符合语境，故填(s)omething。 10．句意：但知道某人的MBTI测试结果并不意味着我们真的了解这个人。根据“Nor do the MBTI results define (定义) who we are.”可知，知道了MBTI测试结果并不意味着我们真的了解这个人。mean“意味着”，动词，助动词后跟动词原形。故填(m)ean。 （2024·天津河西·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Chen Xingrong, 16, whose favorite activity is jumping onto the swing (秋千) in the living room. The swing was s 11 up by his father to help him learn how to swim without water. He was diagnosed (诊断) with autism (自闭症) when he was a baby. “We did not understand why such a thing would happen to us,” Chen Xunhu says, adding that he began travelling to big c 12 such as Beijing and Guangzhou to learn more about autism. He even quit (停止) his job and paid his full a 13 to the disease. In 2012, the father learned that swimming could help people with autism, so he spent months learning how to swim by watching videos and reading books. At first the training to his son didn’t w 14 . To his surprise, after three months, he discovered that his son had developed the ability to control his b 15 under water. It improved his confidence, and swimming soon became a keen (热衷的) activity of the family. Thanks to the strict training and the love and support of his family and community members, Chen Xingrong m 16 become an outstanding swimmer. Last year, he won five m 17 , including a gold, a 18 the eighth National Special Olympic Games. As well as swimming, learning b 19 life skills is also an important part of life for a teenager with autism. With his father’s efforts, Chen has learned to buy food in the market. He also works as a v 20 at a restaurant and likes to take care of patients in a clinic (诊所) by covering the patients with quilts (被子). “I hope he will live a wonderful life in the future.” 【答案】 11．(s)et 12．(c)ities 13．(a)ttention 14．(w)ork 15．(b)reath 16．(m)anaged 17．(m)edals 18．(a)t 19．(b)asic 20．(v)olunteer 【导语】本文讲述了自闭症少年陈兴融在爸爸严格的训练下成为一名出色的游泳运动员，并在特奥会上获得奖牌的事情。 11．句意：秋千是他父亲为帮助他学会在没有水的情况下游泳而设的。set up“设立，安装”，动词短语；语态为一般过去时的被动语态，动词应用过去分词。故填(s)et。 12．句意：陈勋虎补充道，他开始前往北京和广州等大城市，以了解更多关于自闭症的知识。根据“Beijing and Guangzhou”可知北京和广州是大城市，结合首字母提示，city“城市”，符合语境，此处应用复数形式。故填(c)ities。 13．句意：他甚至辞掉了工作，全身心地投入到疾病的治疗中。pay attention to“注意”，固定短语。故填(a)ttention。 14．句意：起初，他对儿子的训练并不奏效。根据“To his surprise, after three months, he discovered ...”可知一开始他的训练并不起作用；结合首字母提示，work“起作用，奏效”，符合语境；didn’t后接动词原形。故填(w)ork。 15．句意：令他吃惊的是，三个月后，他发现儿子已经有了在水下控制呼吸的能力。根据“his son had developed the ability to control his ... under water”及首字母可知，此处指在水下控制他的呼吸；breath“呼吸”，符合语境。故填(b)reath。 16．句意：由于严格的训练和家人和社区成员的爱和支持，陈兴融成为了一名优秀的游泳运动员。根据“Chen Xingrong ... become an outstanding swimmer.”及首字母可知，成为一名优秀的游泳运动员，陈兴融做到了，manage to do sth.“设法做到某事”；时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式。故填(m)anaged。 17．句意：去年，他在第八届全国特奥会上获得了五枚奖牌，其中包括一枚金牌。根据“including a gold”可知，此处指获得了五枚奖牌；medal“奖牌，勋章”，名词；five后接名词复数。故填(m)edals。 18．句意：去年，他在第八届全国特奥会上获得了五枚奖牌，其中包括一枚金牌。根据“the eighth National Special Olympic Games”及首字母可知，在特奥会应用介词at。故填(a)t。 19．句意：除了游泳，学习基本的生活技能也是自闭症青少年生活的重要组成部分。根据“With his father’s efforts, Chen has learned to buy food in the market.”可知此处指学习基本的生活技能；basic“基本的”，形容词作定语。故填(b)asic。 20．句意：他还在一家餐馆做志愿者，喜欢在诊所照顾病人，给病人盖上被子。根据“He also works as a ... at a restaurant”及首字母可知此处指在餐馆做一名志愿者；volunteer“志愿者”，符合语境；空前有不定冠词a，名词用单数。故填(v)olunteer。 （2024·天津武清·三模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 As the weather gets warmer, it’s the perfect time to plan a day at the beach. There, you can enjoy a 21 like swimming, surfing, and building castles in the sand. However, it’s important to keep beach safety in mind. Now, there is a new AI water management system that can help prevent drownings (溺水). Sight-bit was developed by a company which can be used to help s 22 lives. This program was created later, a 23 its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea. He believed this could have been stopped and s 24 working on this program. The Sight-bit system works by using cameras at the beach to read the water conditions. The AI is able to w 25 the videos and find dangers. For example, it can tell when the waves are d 26 or if someone is in trouble in the water. The system can also tell the differences between adults, children and different kinds of boats. The information helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs h 27 . Then they can receive warnings on devices (设备) like smartphones and smartwatches. This way, they can act q 28 to stop accidents. Now, this technology is used in many places around the world, including p 29 beaches, private clubs, and resorts (度假胜地). The creator’s goal is for every beach to be a safe place where families can enjoy their time w 30 worry. This technology shows how science and caring for others can make a big difference in keeping us safe while we are having fun. It’s a great example of what can be achieved when we use new ideas to solve real-world problems. 【答案】 21．(a)ctivities 22．(s)ave 23．(a)fter 24．(s)tarted 25．(w)atch 26．(d)angerous 27．(h)elp 28．(q)uickly 29．(p)ublic 30．(w)ithout 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种新的人工智能水管理系统可以帮助防止溺水。 21．句意：在那里，你可以享受游泳、冲浪和在沙滩上建造城堡等活动。根据“like swimming, surfing, and building castles”可知这些都是活动，activity“活动”，此处用名词复数。故填(a)ctivities。 22．句意：瞄准器是由一家公司开发的，可以用来帮助拯救生命。根据“help prevent drownings”可知帮助阻止溺水，拯救生命，save“拯救”，help do sth.“帮助做某事”。故填(s)ave。 23．句意：这个程序是后来创建的，在它的创建者看到有人在死海溺水之后。根据“its creator saw someone drowning at the Dead Sea”可知在它的创建者看到有人在死海溺水之后，after“在……之后”。故填(a)fter。 24．句意：他认为这本可以停止，并开始着手这个项目。根据“working on this program”可知是开始这个项目，start“开始”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(s)tarted。 25．句意：人工智能能够观看视频并发现危险。根据“the videos and find dangers”可知是观看视频发现危险，watch“观看”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形。故填(w)atch。 26．句意：例如，它可以判断波浪何时危险，或者是否有人在水中遇到麻烦。根据“when the waves are...or if someone is in trouble in the water.”可知是判断海浪什么时候危险，作be动词的表语用形容词dangerous“危险的”。故填(d)angerous。 27．句意：这些信息有助于海滩安全工作人员知道何时何地有人需要帮助。根据“helps beach safety officers know where and when someone needs”可知是让他们知道何时何地有人需要帮助，help“帮助”。故填(h)elp。 28．句意：这样，他们可以迅速采取行动制止事故。根据“act...to stop accidents”可知是迅速采取行动，修饰动词用副词quickly“快速地”。故填(q)uickly。 29．句意：现在，这项技术在世界各地被使用，包括公共海滩、私人俱乐部和度假村。根据“beaches, private clubs”可知是公共海滩，public“公共的”。故填(p)ublic。 30．句意：创作者的目标是让每个海滩都成为一个安全的地方，让家人可以无忧无虑地享受时光。根据“enjoy their time...worry”可知是没有担心地享受时光，without“没有”。故填(w)ithout。 （2024·天津南开·二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 The chrysanthemum (菊花) is a very popular flower in China. The beautiful flower has many m 31 in Chinese culture. The chrysanthemum is k 32 as one of the “Four Gentlemen in Plants”. The other three are the plum blossom, the orchid, and bamboo. In the past, they stood for noble (高尚的) qualities. The chrysanthemum comes out in bright colors during cold a 33 days when most flowers die. They are beautiful, strong and tough. The flower thus greatly inspired (启发) ancient Chinese poets. They spoke highly of its beauty and also used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) their o 34 in their works. Tao Yuanming was a f 35 poet. He once wrote a poem about living as a hermit (隐士). He described how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his s 36 in the poem. “I pluck chrysanthemums under the eastern hedge, and gaze afar toward the southern mountains (采菊东篱下，悠然见南山),” Tao wrote in his poem. Since then, the chrysanthemum has become the s 37 of the hermit. But the chrysanthemum is not only found in Chinese poems. It is also a p 38 of Chinese food. The Chongyang Festival falls on the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar year. On that day, drinking wine made from chrysanthemums is a popular tradition. Chrysanthemum tea is also usually seen on Chinese dinner tables. It tastes great. People believe it is good for one’s health, e 39 for eyes. In a word, the chrysanthemum has i 40 people’s life deeply and widely. 【答案】 31．(m)eanings 32．(k)nown 33．(a)utumn 34．(o)pinions 35．(f)amous 36．(s)pirit 37．(s)ymbol 38．(p)art 39．(e)specially 40．(i)nfluenced 【导语】本文介绍了在中国传统文化中，“菊花”所代表的含义以及人们对于“菊花”的饮食偏爱以及对人们的影响。 31．句意：这美丽的花在中国文化中有许多含义。根据“The beautiful flower has many...in Chinese culture”和首字母提示可知，菊花在中国传统文化中有许多含义，名词meaning“意思”符合语境；many后接复数名词。故填(m)eanings。 32．句意：菊花被誉为“植物四君子”之一。根据“The chrysanthemum is...as one of the ‘Four Gentlemen in Plants’.”及首字母提示可知，此处是短语be known as“被称为”，故填(k)nown。 33．句意：在寒冷的秋日里，大多数花都凋零了，菊花开出了鲜艳的颜色。根据“when most flowers die”及首字母可知，此处指的是“在寒冷的秋天”，autumn“秋天”，是名词，故填(a)utumn。 34．句意：他们高度评价菊花的美丽，并在作品中用菊花来表达自己的观点。根据“They spoke highly of its beauty and also used the chrysanthemum to represent (代表) their...in their works.”及首字母提示可知，用菊花表达自己的观点，opinion“观点”，是名词，空前有“their”修饰，此处名词应用复数形式，故填(o)pinions。 35．句意：陶渊明是一位著名的诗人。根据“Tao Yuanming”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是famous“著名的”，故填(f)amous。 36．句意：他在诗中描述了自己对菊花的喜爱，并用菊花来表现自己的精神。根据“He described how he loved the chrysanthemum and used it to show his...in the poem.”及首字母提示可知，用菊花表达自己的精神，spirit“精神”，是不可数名词，故填(s)pirit。 37．句意：从那时起，菊花就成了隐士的象征。根据“the chrysanthemum has become the...of the hermit”及首字母提示可知，菊花就成了隐士的象征，symbol“象征”，此处是短语the symbol of“……的象征”，故填(s)ymbol。 38．句意：它也是中国食物的一部分。根据“of Chinese food”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是part“部分”，空前有a，名词应用单数形式，故填(p)art。 39．句意：人们认为它对健康有益，尤其是对眼睛有益。根据“People believe it is good for one’s health...for eyes.”及首字母提示可知，此处表示强调，指的是especially“尤其”，故填(e)specially。 40．句意：总之，菊花深刻而广泛地影响了人们的生活。根据“people’s life deeply and widely.”及首字母提示可知，此处说的是“菊花影响了人们的生活”，influence“影响”，是动词，空前有has，动词用过去分词形式，故填(i)nfluenced。 （2024·天津河东·二模）How can you do calculations (计算) quickly? These days, you are a 41 to use a calculator (计算器). But how about people in ancient times? In the very beginning, the cleverest among them thought of using stones. Then, around the 2nd century B．C． Chinese b 42 to use the abacuses (算盘). Now some researchers c 43 it to be the world’s oldest calculator. In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years b 44 electronic calculators became popular. The abacus is usually made of wood. It has many beads (珠子). Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器) s 45 for five, and each bead below the divider means one. By moving the beads with fingers up or down, one can do all kinds of calculations. It is great to watch a skilled hand use an abacus. You can watch f 46 move and beads knock. And after a few seconds, the result comes out. Through lots of p 47 , you can use the abacus well. In the past, the abacus was used in all schools. It was considered to be a b 48 skill that everybody needed to pick up. Today, p 49 you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used. However, we can still feel the important role they once played. Abacuses have become a symbol of much money. Some have come to b 50 that abacuses can bring their owners wealth. People often give a new baby a golden abacus-shaped amulet (护身符) as a present. It is thought that the amulet will help the kid grow up and become a rich person. 【答案】 41．(a)ble 42．(b)egan 43．(c)onsider 44．(b)efore 45．(s)tands 46．(f)ingers 47．(p)ractice 48．(b)asic 49．(p)erhaps 50．(b)elieve 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了算盘的各组成部分及运算方法、它曾经在人们生活中的作用以及它对今天人们生活的影响。 41．句意：现在，你可以使用计算器了。由“These days, you are...to use a calculator”及首字母可知，此处表示“能”，be able to“能，会”，是固定短语。故填(a)ble。 42．句意：然后，大约在公元前2世纪，中国人开始使用算盘。由“Then, around the 2nd century B. C. Chinese...to use the abacuses”及首字母可知，此处指开始使用，begin to“开始”，是固定短语，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填(b)egan。 43．句意：现在一些研究人员认为，它是世界上最古老的计算器。由“Now some researchers..., it to be the world’s oldest calculator”及首字母可知，此处指认为，consider“认为”，句子为一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填(c)onsider。 44．句意：在中国，在电子计算器普及之前，人们就已经用算盘计算了几千年。由“In China, people used abacuses to do calculations for thousands of years...electronic calculators”及首字母可知，此处指在电子计算器之前，before“在……之前”。故填(b)efore。 45．句意：横线上方的每颗珠子代表5，横线下方的每颗珠子代表1。由“Each bead above the horizontal divider (水平分隔器)...for five”及首字母可知，此处指代表，stand for“代表”，是固定短语，句子为一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填(s)tands。 46．句意：你可以看到手指在动，珠子在敲。由“You can watch...move and beads knock”及首字母可知，此处指手指，finger“手指”，手指不止一个，应用复数形式。故填(f)ingers。 47．句意：通过大量的练习，你可以很好地使用算盘。根据“Through lots of..., you can use the abacus well.”及首字母可知，熟能生巧，所以要经过大量的练习，才能很好地使用算盘。practice“练习”，是不可数名词。故填(p)ractice。 48．句意：它被认为是每个人都需要掌握的一项基本技能。由“a...skill that everybody needed to pick up”及首字母可知，此处指基本技能，basic“基本的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词skill。故填(b)asic。 49．句意：今天，也许你很难看到算盘，因为它们不再被广泛使用。由“Today, ...you can hardly see abacuses because they are no longer widely used”及首字母可知，此处指也许，perhaps“也许”。故填(p)erhaps。 50．句意：有些人开始相信算盘可以给他们的主人带来财富。由“Some have come to...that abacuses can bring their owners wealth”及首字母可知，此处指相信，believe“相信”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填(b)elieve。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$