题型4 书面表达-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

第三部分 中考题型专项训练 题型四 书面表达 思维导图引领 查词型 #得时到 词组搭配 主谓一致 细心检查 时态,语态 大小写,标点、格式 书面 句式 表达 “三段式”逻辑性 层次感 简单句 积累好词,句 内容全 时态准 拟定提纲 生动具体不重复 开场白 结束语 连贯--有“串词” 另辞径 题型分析 试题以中文的形式给出一个英语交际情境,需要考生根据题目背景及内容要点的 考查形式 要求,有层次有逻辑地组织成一篇约80词的英语书面文章,以完成交际目标 英语词汇运用的准确性与地道性,初中语法,句法,篇章段落架构能力,审题能力, 考查内容 思辩能力 试题设置 共1大题 命题规律 2019一2023年深圳中考英语书面表达试题分析一览表 年份 内容 体裁 话题 词数 教育交流 2023 自荐信 外教计划招幕志愿者迎接新西兰代表团 80词左右 李华毕业旅行时拍了一支vlog 毕业旅行 2022 解说词 80词左右 (视频日志),需要为其配解说词 新闻报道 科技节 2021 校园记者用英语报道科技节及一机器人 80词左右 倡议书 深圳创文 2020 为深圳创文写一封倡议书 80词左右 邮件 2019 为外国友人解释“中国红” 中国红 80词左右 从上表可以看出,深圳中考英语书面表达体裁非常多变,过去五年几乎没有任何重复,从通知、感 谢信、演讲稿、邮件、倡议书到近几年的新闻报道、解说词、自荐信,都做到了紧跟时代脉搏和城市热点, 创设真实的英语交际情境,让学生综合运用自己初中三年的语言知识,充分表达和解决实际问题。 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版 解题技巧+指导 英语句子有长有短,有繁有简。从表面看,它们千差万别,但从实质上看,它们存在内在联系,有着 共同规律。英语句子可以归纳为六种基本句型,其他句型都是在此基础上进行扩展、组合、省略或倒装 而成的。 指导1:写对句 基本句型一:主谓型(S十V)即“主语十谓语”结构。此类句子的谓语动词为不及物动词,此类动词 后不可以直接接宾语,如swim,disappear,happen,come,listen,look,rise,sit,succeed,agree等 如:Time flies. 基本句型二:主谓宾型(S十V+O) 即“主语土谓语十宾语”结构。该句型中的谓语动词为及物动词,具有实义,其后接的宾语通常 由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。如:Helikesapples. 基本句型三:主谓双宾型(S+V十IO+DO)即“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”结构 直接宾语为主要宾语,在句中不可或缺,是动作的直接承受者,常由表示“物”的名词来充当;间接宾语 是动作的间接承受者,多由指“人”的名词或代词充当。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有give,tell,teach show,bring,send,buy,wish 等。如:He bought me a gift yesterday. 【注意】在双宾结构的句子中,可以调整直接宾语和间接宾语的位置,但要注意句子结构的变化,即当直 接宾语直接跟在谓语动词后面时,要在间接宾语前面加上介词。 如:He bought a gift for me yesterday 基本句型四:主系表型(S十V十C) 即“主语十系动词十表语”结构。该句型中的谓语动词为连系动词,即“系动词”。此类动词不能 表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。 如:It sounds interesting 基本句型五:主谓宾宾补型(S十V十O+C 即“主语十谓语十宾语十宾语补足语”结构。宾语补足语主要用来补充、说明宾语的特点、身 份等。 如: She often keeps the room clean and tidy 【注意】动词have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,watch等后面接动词不定式作宾补时,不带to。但 如果改为被动语态,则要将to还原。如: The boss made him do the work all day. →He was made to do the work all day by the boss. 基本句型六:therebe句型 此句型的一般结构为“Therebe十主语+其他”,用来表示“某地有某物、某人或某事”。该句型遵 循“就近原则”,即“be”动词的单复数形式与离其最近的一个主语的单复数保持一致。如: 1. There is a book and three apples on the desk. 2. There are five birds and a nest in the tree. 228 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 指导2 掌握一些高级表达 一般:My school is in the west of the city. (1)同义词法 高级:My school lies in the west of the city. / My school is located in the west of the city 一般:You can easily remember these words if you use them every day (2)反义词法 高级: You'll have no trouble/difficulty remembering these words if you use them every day. 一般:My little sister is eight years old. 高级:My little sister is an eight-year-old girl. (3)构词法 一般:The party is very successful. 高级:The party is a great success. 英语中很多实用地道的短语,用在写作中可以让文章的味道更浓。比如:thanks to, turn out, in spite of, as a result, as for, on the other hand,make it 等。另 (4)同义结构 外英语中还常用分词结构或介词短语结构来替代一些状语从句。如: 替换法 一般:If the weather is fine, we'll go hill climbing tomorrow. 高级: Weather permitting, we'll go hill climbing tomorrow. 指导3 学写优美流畅的句子 (1)正确构建简 简单句:A girl was injured in the accident. She is now in hospital 单句 1)宾语从句:常用连接词that,if/whether,what,when,where,who,whom,whose 等。如: Do you know if/whether he will come? 2)定语从句: ①先行词为人,用who/whom/whose that引导。 如:The girl who was iniured in the accident is now in hospital ②先行词为“物”,用which/that引导。 (2)恰当使用 如:Hometown is a special place which/that is valued by all of us. 复合句 3)状语从句: ①时间状语从句常用连接词:while,when,since,before,after,until/till,as soon as 等.如: When my mum found I was upset, she cheered me up. ②地点状语从句:常用连接词有where等。如:Keepitwhere youcansee it. ③条件状语从句:常用连接词有if,unless,as longas等等。 如: If you practice speaking English, you'll soon improve. 229 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) ④原因状语从句:常用连接词有because,since,as等。Failinginsomethingis not always a bad thing, as we can learn something from failures. 让步状语从句:常用连接词有though/although,eventhough/if,whatever whenever 等. Although Tom is very young,he has done voluntary work for (2)恰当使用 a long time. 复合句 目的状语从句:常用连接词有sothat,inorderthat等。Weshoulc communicate more with our parents so that we can know each other better. 结果状语从句:常用连接词有so.that,such...that等。He is suchakind boy that we all like him. (3)恰当使用分 Feeling tired, I went to bed early.( = Because I felt tired, I went to bed early.) 词结构 1)同级比较 Li Lei studies as hard as his brother 2)比较级 The more we know each other,the better we'll understand each other. 3)最高级 Tea is one of the most popular drinks not only in China but also in England. 4)感叹句,一般用what或how引导,what修饰名词或名词短语,how修饰形容 (4)尝试特殊句 词、副词或句子。如; 型:比较等级,感 ①What a beautiful girl she is! 叹句、倒装句,强 ②How fast he runs on the playground! 调句和it句型 5)倒装句Only in this way can you work out the math(s)problem. 6)强调句 It is Iwho/that am wrong. 7)it句型 ①作形式主语 It is important for us to learn English. ②作形式宾语 Planting more trees makes it possible for us to live in a beautiful world. Everycoinhastwosides. 任何事物都有两面性。 Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 Actions speak louder thanwords. 事实胜于雄辩。 Agoodbeginningishalf done.良好的开端是成功的一半。 (5)适当引用 Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事,今日毕。 格言谚语 Time and tide wait for no man. 时不我待。 Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者事竞成。 The earlybird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃。 Thinktwice before you do. 三思而后行 When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 入乡随俗. 230· 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 指导4 学会写段落 如:Smoking is bad for health. 其中 smoking 是主题(idea), is bad for health 是自己 (1)主题句 的看法 比如上文的主题句Smokingisbadforhealth,可以使用下列细节来支撑:Heavy smokers often suffer from lung diseases. /Smoking gives people yellow teeth and bad breath./Peopleget addictedtosmoking. 支撑细节务必要紧扣主题,不能随意 (2)支撑句 发挥。 比如:Smoking costs a lot of money. 就不能很好地支持Smoking is bad for health. 这个主题句 (3)统一性 在选择支撑信息时,要注意必须围绕主题句:同时要使用恰当的连接词汇,保持上下 和连贯性 文的连贯性,如上面练习中用到的firstofall,also等 指导5 学会构建篇章 一篇文章的结构与段落类似:包括:主题段、支撑段和结尾段 主题段点明文章的中心思想,支撑段可能有1一3个,是对中心思想的展开和讨论。结尾段可归纳 全文,也可改变措辞,回顾主题,还可以提问,引发思考。 指导6 学会使用好的过渡词语 并列与递进:and,also,as well as,besides,furthermore,moreover,in addition,what's more,etc 转折:but,however,although,though,after all,in spite of,etc. 对比:or,otherwise,like,unlike,while,instead of,on the other hand,etc. 因果:because,as,for, since,so,therefore,as a result,because of,for this reason,etc. 总结:all in all,in brief,in a(one) word,in general,in short,generally speaking, etc. 时间顺序:and then,next,after that,firstly, secondly,finally,at once,immediately,shortly after that. two days later,etc. 写作过程与技巧 写作前仔细审题,从而确定格式,要弄清命题人让写什么样的题材及体裁,从而确定用什么格 式,用什么人称,防止出现跑题现象。 。 分析信息,明确要求,列出要点,要认真分析所提供的信息,把所给的要求弄清楚,把要表达的要 点用简单的汉字写在草纸上,并编上序号。 根据所学知识确定句型,写出要点后,再分析一下要点的蕴含意义,想一下每个要点要用哪个动 3 词、短语和句型来表达,把句型写在要点后,注意要善于捕捉几个高级字词句。 231 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 结合文体定时态,合理安排连成文,句型定好后要结合文体确定时态,有的文体以现在时为主 4 如说明文;有的以过去时为主,如日记。把文体对时态的总要求与每个句型的具体情况相结合 来确定时态,如果全文有好几种时态,要在每个句型后做上标记,以免写成文后疏忽大意。 写完要进行复查。短文写好后要检查动词时态、语态是否正确,主谓是否一致,名词的数及冠词 5 的使用是否恰当等语法问题,还要检查大小写及标点符号的使用是否有误,语言是否得体等,以 便及时纠正。 中考连线 (2023·深圳)假定你是李华,你学校的外教老师MrBrown打算招募志愿者迎接新西兰教育代表 团,来介绍学校的智慧校园建设成果。你打算参加,请写一封自荐信,包含以下要点内容 1.你的个人优势 (1)你熟知智慧校园,例如教师和学生可以在教室上网;(2)你喜欢与人交流;(3)你擅长英语; (4).....(自行补充) 2.你期待的收获 3.你希望获得机会 要求:1.词数80左右 2.要点齐全,可适当发挥; 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名 4.条理清楚,语句通顺,意义连贯,书写规范。 Dear Mr Brown. Yours sincerely. LiHua (2022·深划)假定你是李华,你和同学们拍了一个毕业活动视频,打算做成视频日志(vlog),参加 主题为“青春飞扬”的国际中学生ylog作品展。请给该视频写一段解说词,内容包括 1.海边活动:下午:(1)沙滩排球;(2)...... 晚上:搭账蓬;聚餐和清理垃圾:分享会 2.活动感言。 )232· 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 要求:1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数); 2.要点齐全,可适当发挥 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名 4.条理清楚,语句通顺,意义连贯,书写规范。 参考词汇:冲浪surf 帐蓬 tent Hi, everyone! I am Li Hua. It's my great pleasure to present my vlog to you. Last Saturday, we went to the seaside to celebrate our graduation. In the afternoon. So much for my video. I hope you have enjoyed it. Thank you. (2021·深划)深划是一座科技之城、创新之城,为培养学生对科技的兴趣,你的学校上周举办了科 技节。假定你是你校英语报的小记者,请你编写一篇新闻报道,介绍这次活动。 内容包括:1.活动目的; 2.具体项目:①模型制作比赛;②......: 3.活动亮点:学生发明的服务于校园的机器人(①外表;②功能); 4.学生感受。 要求:1.词数80左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数); 2.要点齐全,可适当发挥; 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名 4.条理清楚,语句通顺,意义连贯,书写规范。 参考词汇:科技节Science Festival实验experiment Shenzhen is well-known as a city of technology and innovation. Last week 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 实战演练 演练一(2023·沈阳) 为了传承和弘扬中华民族的优良家风,学校英文社团开展主题为“孝亲敬长”的英语征文比赛。假 定你是李华,请你写一篇征文参加比赛 内容包括:1.尊重的对象和原因; 2.具体做法; 3.发出号召。 要求:1.词数80一100,开头已给出,不计入总词数; 2.短文须包括所给内容信息,可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.作文中不要出现考生和相关人物的真实校名和姓名。 Show respect for elders Showing respect for elders is one of the family traditions that Chinese people have kept for thousands of years. 演练二(2023·烟台) 假定你是李华,在外教MrBrown的指导下,你在学校组织的英语戏剧大赛(EnglishOpera Competition)中获得了一等奖。请给MrBrown写一封感谢信。 内容包括:1.对MrBrown表示感谢; 2.MrBrown的帮助、你取得的进步及比赛的结果; 3.邀请MrBrown到家里做客。 要求:1.词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数) 2.须包含所有要点提示,并可适当补充,以使语句通顺,行文连贯; 3.信中不得出现个人姓名、校名等真实信息。 Dear Mr Brown. 234 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 Yours. Li Hua 演练三(2023·北京) 假设你是李华。你们班想在毕业之前为学校做一件有意义的事,如种植纪念树、去校图书馆整理 图书等。你打算邀请交换生Peter参加这次活动。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件,告诉他活动内 容、意义及安排。 提示问题: 1. What activity do you plan to do? 2. Why do you want to organize this activity? 3. When and where will you have this activity? 要求:1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数); 2.须包含所有要点提示,并可适当补充,以使语句通顺,行文连贯; 3.信中不得出现个人姓名、校名等真实信息 DearPeter. How is everything going? Hope to hear from you soon. Yours. Li Hua 235新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 3. simply 4. kindness (十三) forward to your reply. 5. for 6. thinks 1.on 2.an Yours sincerely. 7. yourselves 8. will make 3. expression 4. Why Li Hua 9. valuable 5. reading 10. because 6. to improve (六) 7. will take 8. their (2022·深圳) 2. seriously 1.a 9. better 10. partly Hi, everyone! I am Li Hua. 3. working (十四) 4. wives It's my great pleasure to present my 1.a 2. really 5. when while 6. has helped vlog to you. 3.so 7. myself 4. his Last Saturday, we went to the 5. got 8. more important 6. colours seaside to celebrate our graduation. 7. relaxed 10. on/at 9. tostay 8. to worry In the afternoon, we arrived at the 9. from (七) 1o. ninth beautiful coast in Dapeng. Peter and 2. reporter 1.in (十五) 1 went on our surfboards 3.s0 1. traditional 4.a 2. are celebrated immediately when we saw the 5. them 3. themselves 6. encouraging 4. for crystal-clear sea. The rest of our 5. to give 8. really 7. were built 6. has class played vollevball on the beach. 7.so 9. active 8. The As the sun set, we put up our tents 9. pollution 10. have changed 10. especially together and started preparing 题型四 ) 书面表达 supper. Peter was such a great cook 1. fourth 2. peaceful 中考连线 that he cooked most of the dishes 3. Although Though (2023·深圳) which we enjoyed particularly. After 4. to make Dear Mr Brown, this delicious meal, we cleaned up all 5. wiser 6. in Learning that volunteers to the rubbish. Later in the evening. 7. them 8. stanps meet the New Zealand Education we sat around the bonfire and shared 9.a 10. was held group and introduce our smart the happiest moments we had had in (九) campus are in great need. I'm the past three years. 1. to go 2. was working writing to apply to become We enjoycd this day so much 3. with 4. the volunteer. that we wished our friendship would 5. doing 6. surprise I believe that I am qualified for last forever. 7. what 8. unhappy this position because 1 have the So much for my video. I hope 9. warmth 10. unforgettable following advantages. First and you have enjoyed it. Thank you. (十) foremost, I am familiar with the (2021·深圳) 1. pleased 2. reasons achievements of smart campus. For Shenzhen is well-known as a 3. easier 4.a example, teachers and students can city of technology and innovation. 5. excercising 6. that surf the Internet freely in the Last week, our school held a Science 7. wants 8. quickly classroom with the help of advanced Festival. which aims to develop 9. share'to share 10. for equipment. Additionally, not only students' interest in science and (十一) do I enjoy communicating with technology r and broaden their 1. working 2. impossible people, but I also have strong horizons. 3. has told 4. that English skills that will allow me to At the festival, some students 5. to build 6. terribly communicate effectively with the 7.8 took an active part in the model- 8. action foreigners. Last but not the least, I making competition. Many of their 9. with 10. disappointed similar have in experience robots, which were the highlight of (十二) the festival. drew introducing smart devices in my people's 1. herself 2. who/that community. attention. These robots were in the 3. were kept 4.of If I am luckily chosen as a shape of lovely animals, such as 5. hut 6. photos volunteer, it will be an unforgettable rabbits, monkeys and dogs. They 7. loving 8. later experience of a lifetime. I would were doing some sirnple tasks like 9. to meet appreciate it so much if I got this sweeping the floor and throwing 10. seventy-fifth golden opportunity. I am looking away rubbish. Besides, some other 6 英语·参考答案 my spoken English. Before the 9. countries students carried science out 1o. friendly experiments. The students present contest, whenever you had free 二、易错单词 at the festival were all surprised at time, you would help me practise my (一) the exhibits and gave them a big 1.文章 spoken English. Besides, you 2.日常的 round of applause. communicated with me as much as 3.地理 4.通常地 possible. corrected my 5.人人;所有人 Our school hopes that more and and 6.德国 intonation. more students can learn science and pronuneiation and (二) What's more, you taught me some 1. break technology better to serve our 2. never helpful speaking skills and made me 3. practice country. 4. market full of confidence. Without your 5. grade 实战演练 6. elder help, I wouldn't have achieved such 7. engineer 演练一 8. yourself a good result. Also, I have benefited 9. daily Show respect for elders 10. together a lot from this competition. All in 11. complete Showing respect for elders is 12. Geography all, I really appreciated your help. 13. hobby one of the family traditions that 14. country 15. age Thank you again for your advice kept for Chinese people 16. dream have and kind help. I sincerely invite you 17. mountain thousands of years. 18. flat to my home for dinner and have a 19. article We are supposed to show 2o. seldom good time. respect for our parents because they 三、词组英汉互译 Yours. are the most trusted elders and help A. 汉译英 Li Hua us solve problems when we are in 1. go to school 演练三 trouble. 2. bey come from Germany Dear Peter. Here are some things we can do 3. would like to do sth. How is everything going? I'm to show our respect. First, we can 4. a junior middle school studen writing to invite you to join us. As offer to help with housework such as 5. all over the world we are going to graduate. our cleaning the dishes or sweeping the 6. join in/take part in classmates plan to plant a tree floor so that they can have a rest 7. make friends with sb. together. We all know that trees can after a day's work. Seeond, don't 8. go to bed stop the wind from blowing the make them angry and try to take 9. be good at/do well in sand, and they can also make our their advice when we disagree with 10. get up school beautiful. So we decide to Third. share your each other. B. 英译英 plant a tree for our school. Next happiness and sorrow with them as 1. near my home Sunday, we will meet at the gate of they were once like you and have the school and then go to the 2. not often late more experience than you expect. 3. enjoy oneself playground. We will dig a hole. Small actions can make a great 4. know about plant the tree and then water it. 1 difference. Let's show respect for 5. go to school on foot believe we all will have a great time. our parents from now on! 6. the bell makes a sound Hope to hear from you soon. 演练二 Yours. 7. go to school by bike Dear Mr Brown. 8. finish homework I am very excited to tell you Li Hua 也见。 9. would like to do something about the English Opera 精练本答案 10. in my spare time Competition I took part in last week 四、句型练习 in our school. 第一轮复习 课本梳理 A.句子翻译 I got First Prize out of 40 1. My dream is to be an engineer. 七上Module 1 Units 1 & 2 competitors. which was totally 2. My hobbies are listening to music beyond my imagination. When I 【Part 1基础训练】 and reading books. heard the final result, I couldn't 一、词形转换 3. I like my school because the believe my ears and jumped with 1. hobbies 2. daily teachers are all very friendly to 3. usually joy. 4. ourselves us. It's because of your efforts that 5. completely 6. practice 4. When the bell rings: I run to the 7. German I have made such rapid progress in 8. Japan playground with my best friends 7