题型2 (2)阅读理解之短文填空-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

第三部分 中考题型专项训练 (二)阅读理解之短文填空 题型分析 给出一篇210词左右的说明文,抽出五个句子设空,要求学生从所给的六个选项 考查形式 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯 补全小标题、段首句、段中句和段尾句。主要考查学生理解语篇上下文逻辑关系 考查内容 的能力 选项设置 每篇文章共五个空,六个选项 命题规律 2021一2022年深圳中考英语阅读理解文章分析一览表 内容 体裁 年份 主题 词数 说明文 2022 环境受限时如何利用室内空间进行运动 运动 219 摄影 2021 说明文 如何在旅行时摆拍留下最满意的照片 211 从上表可以看出,深圳中考英语六选五选取的语篇体裁一般是指导性或描述性的说明文,主要考 查学生对主题句、过渡句和细节句等相关的语篇知识和思维能力。 2021~2022年深圳中考英语阅读理解之短文填空考点分析一览表 试题类型 2022考查内容 2021考查内容 第26题 小标题 第29题 段首句 第30题 段中句 第27,28,29题 第26,28题 段尾句 第30题 第27题 备注:从上表可知,考查段落内句际关系的段中句试题所占比例最大 解题技巧 1.先看选项。跟完形填空不一样,6选5的答案选项较少,并且给出的都是句子,因此,我们可以通过句 子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外,通过阅读选项,有可能找 出跟其他选项表达完全不同意思的句子,这样的话我们就可以暂时将该选项排除 2.再看空前空后。由于6选5选的是整个句子,而这些句子与句子之间,必然有一种联系,因此我们可 以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关 联性,从而选择正确的答案。 3.注意代词或定冠词。在做这类题目的时候,一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词,因为 我们知道,代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的,然后通过代词在句子中所作的成分我们可以推断 出它指代的句子的类型,我们要做的就是从选项中找出这类句型 179 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 4.注意一些疑问词。如果选项中或空前出现疑问词,一定要把这句话仔细读几遍,因为对于不同疑问 词的回答方式是不一样的,比如对why的回答,后面要有because等表示原因的词;对when的回答. 后面要有表示时间的状语;对where的回答,后面要有表示地点的名词;对how的回答,后面要有方 式状语等。 5.注意一些连词。如一些表示转折的连词,but,however,yet,though,nevertheless等,另外还有一些表 示并列关系的连词如and,also,as wellas,neither..nor,either..or,not only..but also等。因为这些 连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系,通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。 2典例精析·真题链接 (2022·深圳) 1.小标题 答案一般是简洁精炼的短句,根据段落一致性原则,查找同义词或其他相关的支撑句表达,推断出主 题句。 26 Start with a HllT exercise; 观察文章的小标题全部 Follow 是析使句开头,排除内 exercise videos that suit you; Don't forget _ 故选A 容相关的B选项。 to cool down 2.段首句 段首句后面的句子通常是为了衔接或论证它的句子,通常是以举例、类比和抽象等写作方式,思维过 程通常是从观点到例子。 3.段中句 英语行文中后句对前句是一种逻辑顺承关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系,则空 格处很有可能是个递进的句子。另外,英语前后语句之间往往还有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至 代词指代或相同词汇的重复使用,这是解题的一个极佳线索。 Warm-ups also help reduce stress on 精练的英语句子之间是一 your heart and the possibilities of 种承接递进关系,不是语 getting hurt. 27. So it's necessary 言的简单重复,利用代词 故选E to warm up before you start to these检验可知指代的正是 work out. 前句的possibilities。 4.段尾句 段尾句如果是总结句,则解题思路总体和段首句类似,主要寻找同一范畴词或相关例证句,但要注意 文中可能出现的转折关系或因果关系。段尾句段落如果只是总一-分结构,那么只需要找到一个逻 辑顺承的例证句即可。 180 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 Just like warming up ahead of time reduces 前句和小标题均提到了 injury (受伤),so does cooling down. cool down,slowly 等概 Regular cool-downs after exercise are 念,段尾句和前句间为递 故选F important because it's best to slowly reduce 进关系,用slowending来 your heart rate(心率). 30. 指代前面所提到的概念 ......... 中考连线 2022·深圳 阅读下面短文,并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文,使原文的意思连贯、完整 A. Get properly warmed up first B. Warm-ups do good to your hear C. Make sure the coach holds your interest D. Jumping rope is the easiest one to get into shape E. These include foot, leg, knee and even back injuries F. This slower ending is better for you than a sudden stop Whether you're stuck inside from terrible weather, or shyness, there are ways to exercise indoors every day. Here's how you can work out effectively at home 1. A good warm-up makes sure your body gets much-needed oxygen. When your body is warm you'll move better. Warm-ups also help reduce stress on your heart and the possibilities of getting hurt. 2.. So it's necessary to warm up before you start to work out. Start with a HIIT exercise There are many kinds of HIIT exercises. 3. . It can help burn fat effectively. It also works out both the upper and lower body and especially develops your core(核心) strength. In some ways it's friendlier to the knees than running and speed walking Follow exercise videos that suit you If you do a quick internet search, you will be amazed at the number of exercise videos. Youngor old, male or female, you can find several that will work best for you. 4. . Some world-famous coaches even teach live lessons every day. Don't forget to cool down Just like warming up ahead of time reduces injury(受伤), so does cooling down. Regular cool-downs after exercise are important because it's best to slowly reduce your heart rate (心率). 5 181 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 2021·深圳 阅读下面短文,并从方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文,使原文的意思连贯、完整。 A. Take a back view photo. B. Not every photo needs to have you stand C. This is a fantastic way to increase your beauty. D. But what if the photos are not as pretty as you expected? E. But how do you choose and share your photographs properly? F. For example, you can look into the sky and let the camera catch your side face. If you have planned a trip during the summer holiday, certainly you will want to share some photos on WeChat. 1. Don't worry! Here are some tips you can follow to take wonderfu photos. Turn back and smile. While on the road, the moment you turn back with a smile is the most impressive. Just walk away from the camera and do a turn-back for the most natural effect. You can also pretend to heal your name called, turn back, and run your fingers through long hair. 2. Look away from the camera. There are many ways for you to avoid looking at the camera. 3. Looking down into the distance or looking out of the window is a good option. If there is nothing to see, you can also choose to close your eyes and enjoy this moment of quietness. 1 Are you a little shy when facing the camera? Taking a back view photo is a good choice, which can leave room for imagination and bring a different feeling as well. Take a seat. If there are good places to sit down, please do it! You can pose in a variety of positions with your arms and legs. Taking the perfect photo takes time and practice. If you follow these simple tricks above, your photos will start coming out beautifully! Do not hesitate to go out with your friends and take more photos. 182 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 实战演练 演练一(2023·广州) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. Or we can reuse some materials. B. As a result, green thinking was born. C. So far, green has remained important in art. D. To understand it, we have to look at three different areas. E. For example, natural wind brings people cleaner and fresher air. F. Architects must consider what the building will do to the environment. Years ago, green was simply a color. Now it's much more! In the 197os, some people began tc worry about what we did to mother Earth. 1. It is a big idea that touches governments all over the world, and a small idea that touches us all in our home. Architects (建 筑 师) and building engineers are thinking about how to make buildings greener. These days, green architecture is becoming more and more popular. 2. We need to be very careful about the materials(材料) we use. It is better to choose renewable materials-those that the Earth replaces quickly. 3. Also, for those materials that are not renewable, we need to use them as little as possible. Our mother Earth has offered us many other possibilities, such as wind and solar power. Planners must think about the needs of those who will spend time in green buildings. In many cases, green energy is more comfortable for people. 4. Natural lighting is often kinder to the eyes than electric lighting. In fact, many people who live or work in green buildings report feeling happier and healthier. 5. For example, they might try to use as little land as possible. If a building covers a large area, there will be less space for plants and trees, They also have to think about cutting down waste and pollution while the building work is going on. Although green buildings are more expensive to build, they are less expensive to run. 183 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版 演练二(2023·青岛) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. Your answer is yes B. You may like foraging C. Look for wild plants together D. Do not look for plants in areas with a lot of cars E. While foraging is a lot of fun, you still have to be careful F. When you walk in the forest, you can find many kinds of plants Enjoy Nature with Foraging(搜寻)! Do you enjoy walking in nature? Do you like learning about trees and plants? 1. .Foraging is a lot like looking for a treasure. You look around in places like forests and lakes to find differen kinds of plants that you can eat. Foraging is a lot of fun. 2. . Some of these plants are dangerous. Some of them are good to eat. You can spend many relaxing hours walking around in the wild, looking for good plants to eat. . It is exciting and challenging to find plants that you can eat, but do not eat them until you are very sure of what they are. Before you go foraging, take a class about it. Learn how the different kinds of plants that you can eat look in the wild. Practice finding them with your foraging teacher. Then join a group of foragers. 4. . Never eat anything until you are 1oo% sure of what it is. Some people have become sick by accident because they ate a wild plant that was dangerous. Foragers follow some important rules. They do not collect all of the plants in one area. If you take all the plants from one area, no more will grow there. 5., like by a road or parking lot. If the area is very dirty, the plants there will not be good to eat and may make you very sick. 演练三(2023·江西) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. You can still visit it today. B. There are over 1,ooo uses for it. C. However, none worked very well. D. Bamboo is light because it is empty inside E. It can also be found in other parts of the world. F. The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo. Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 1. People make tables. clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it. Pandas may eat bamboo every day, but people can also eat it. 184。 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 Some bamboo grows so auickly that people say they can watch it grow. The speed of growth depends on the type of bamboo, the earth and the season. Normal bamboo grows 3-1o cm a day. It usually grows in tropical(热带的)areas. 3. Bamboo plants are found in Asia Australia, parts of Africa, and South America. One of the world's oldest building materials is bamboo. Like today, people use it because it's very strong. They used it to build houses, boats, and bridges. The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almost 1,ooo years ago. 4. Also, bamboo is still used to make houses today, especially in China and Philippines. As a part of history, bamboo is very important. The great scientist Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb(灯泡), but he made it perfect. He wanted the material inside to burn for a long period of time. He tried over 1,ooo different types of materials. 5. One day, he tried to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand hours. This invention helped other scientists to make the modern light bulb we use today. 演练四(2023·临沂) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. Work with an experienced volunteer B. If one experience doesn't work, don't give up. C. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. D. We need to come up with a plan to help people in need. E. The following advice can help if you have some of these worries. F. Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people's lives. National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. 1. It is also a perfect chance to encourage others to take their first step towards becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the expectations of the organization. Some people fear that they don't know anyone else in the group. Some people worry they don't have enough time to volunteer. Start out slowly, and don't add too much pressure, Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone's life. Choose an organization with the same interests and common values. Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked. He volunteered a lot. He can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organization's expectations. 185 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版 Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them. Finally, it is the most important to enjoy the volunteer experience. And it is also important to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. 4. Believe in yourself and you'll surely find the right chance. “Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person's life for the better, which makes everyone a better person," Mason, a volunteer said. “Little things can change a person's life." 演练五(2023·陕西) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. But scientists have created a farmyard robot B. It is powered by the energy from the sun C. Where the robot is used D. They're working on the new designs to improve the model E. How the robot works F. How do farmers usually kill weeds in the fields Farmyard robots can cut down chemical pollution ? Many of them use chemicals to kill weeds (杂草). The trouble is, these weedkillers also kill wildlife, pollute rivers and are bad for the fields. 2. . This kind of robot can cut weedkiller use by 9o%. The robot is really smart because it only kills weeds but not crops(庄稼). 3. Several cameras are built into the robot. The cameras facing the ground take photos to help the robot“see"the plants it passes. The robot compares each photo to a library of plant photos to decide on which plants are weeds. Robot arms move into position to give a small dose(剂量) of weedkiller on the weeds The robot is energy-friendly. 4. How the robot will develop The scientists do not want to just stop at the achievement they have made. 5. The improved model of robots will exactly discover weeds and dig them out instead of weedkillers. Robots could be programmed to leave some harmless weeds in the fields to support wildlife living there. 186 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 演练六(2023·河南) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. It was created by A. A. Milne. B. They are still very popular today. C. British people love reading stories. D. The stories are called The Canterbury Tales. E. There are many children's books by British writers. F. British people have enjoyed reading poems for a long time Have you heard of Oliver Twist or Peter Pan? These are just some of the characters that have been created by British writers. Geoffrey Chaucer was a famous poet in the 13oos. He wrote poetic short stories about people travelling to Canterbury. 1. Probably the most famous British writer was William Shakespeare. In the late 15oos and early 16o0s, Shakespeare wrote plays that became famous all over the world. 2. Some of his plays were comedies, such as Twel fth Night, and others were tragedies(悲剧), such as King Lear _. Early stories were often printed a chapter(章节) at a time in a newspaper. People would have to get the newspaper every week to read the whole story. One of the most famous stories Oliver Twist , was written by Charles Dickens at that time. 1. Maybe you have heard of some of them, Robert Louis Stevenson wrote the adventure novel Treasure Island. J. M. Barrie wrote Peter Pan and Lewis Carroll wrote Alice's Aduentures in Wonderland. Do you know a teddy bear called Winnie the Pooh? 5. And it is still one of children's favorite characters. There are so many famous characters in British plays, novels and poetry. What other characters do you know? 演练七(2023·泰安 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. Adult butterflies do not live very long B. Butterflies lay eggs on plants. C. But all of them go through an amazing change! D. Caterpillars then begin the pupa stage(阶段). E. Butterflies start their lives as worm-like caterpillars. F. Adult butterflies are very beautiful. 187 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版 Life cvcle of a butterfly Have you ever seen a baby butterfly? If you have seen a caterpillar(毛虫) then you have!1. This is called the larva stage(幼虫阶段). Now let's learn about the life cycle of butterflies 2. Some types of butterflies lay only one egg at a time. Other types lay up to a few hundred at a time! Caterpillars hatch(孵化) from the eggs. They are very tiny at first. The main job for caterpillars is to eat a lot and grow, They eat the leaves of the plant where they hatched. 3. They form a cocoon(蚕 茧) around themselves. Some types of caterpillars stay in their cocoons for only a few days. Other types stay inside for many months. 4. This change is called ametamorphosis(变形,尤指从蜂到昆虫). After the metamorphosis is done, they come out of their cocoons. But they are no longer worm like babies! They are adult butterflies. They have beautiful wings. 5. Most of them live only two to four weeks. None of them live more than one year. So they start laying eggs right away. The cycle starts again! 演练八(2023·烟台) 请阅读下面短文。根据短文内容从下面方框内的六个选项中,选出可以填入1一5各题空白处的最 佳选项,使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 A. Find out more about it and discuss it with them. B. So it is easy to build an online friend community C. There are so many ways you can talk face to face now. D. Everyone's busy, so getting people together needs a good plan. E. It'll also give you something to talk about with friends and family. F. Instead of checking your phone, go for a walk and chat with someone. A survey shows that the number of lonely adults is increasing. According to recent research. loneliness can have harmful effects on health. So if you feel lonely at times, be sure to care about it Here are some tips for you to avoid being lonely. Make time to meet people Maybe it seems that you don't have time to meet new friends, but you need to consider your social life first.I. You can even offer to take a neighbor's dog for a walk. The neighbor will surely like to make friends with you Build your community online Without doubt, it's difficult for you to move to meet like-minded people. However, the Internet can easily bring people with the same interests together. 2. 188新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） (二) 演练三 (二)阅读理解之短文填空 1.s0 2.1f 1-5 BBDCB 6-10 CCADA 中考连线 3.what 4.Suddenly 演练四 一，2022·深圳1-5 AEDCF 5.was covered 6.growing 1-5 BBCAD 6-10 ACDBA 二，2021·深圳1-5 DCFAB 7.when 8.because 演练五 9.stronger 10.the 1-5 BDCCB 6-10 CABAD 实战演练 专题十二 主谓一致 演练六 演练一1一5 BDAEF 跟踪训练1 1-5 DABCA 6-10 ABCBD 演练二1一5 BFECD 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.B 演练七 演练三1-5 BFEAC 跟踪调练2 1-5 BCDAB 6-10 DDCAA 演练四 1-5 CEABF 1.B2.C3.C4.B5.A6.D 演练八 演练五1一5 FAEBD 跟踪训练3 1-5 ACDBA 6-10 DDABC 演练六1-5 DBCEA 1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B 演练九 浏练七1一5 EBDCA 跟踪训练4 1-5 CADBC 6-10 ABDAC 演练八1-5 FBAED 1.C2.C3.C4.A 演练十 演练九1-5 CDFEA 演练十1一5 ECBFD 2024·备考精练 1-5 BCADC 6-10 BDABC 演练十一 演练十一1一5 AEBFD 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1-5 DACDA 6-10 CBDAB 演练十二1一5 AFECB 1.is 2.wants 演练十二 演练十三1-5 CADBF 3.has 4.do 1-5 BACDB 6-10 ACDAC 演练十四1一5 DEABF 5.is 6.goes 7.is spent 演练十三 演练十五1一5 DFAEB 8.feels 1-5 CBADD 6-10 CBAAB (三)阅读理解之信息匹配 二、微语篇语法选择 演练十四 中考连线 1-6 CCACAB CBBAA 6-10 DBCAC 三，语法填空 1-5 一，2022·深圳1-5 BDCFA 演练十五 (一) 二，2021·深圳1-5 EBDFA 1-5 CBADC 6-10 ADCBD 1.a 2.suddenly 实战演练 3.woman's 题型二 阅读理解 演练一1-5 BECFA 4.ate/were cating (一)阅读理解之基础阅读 演练二1-5 DBAFC 5.that 6.were given 一，2022·深圳 演练三1一5 CBAFE 7.with 8.to get 1-5 BBACD 6-10 BDCDA 演练四1一5 FBDEA 9.fatter 10.them 11-15 DABAC 演练五1一5 CFBAD (二) 二，2021·深圳 演练六 1-5 FEBDA 1.are 2.or 1-5 ABADB 6-10 ADDBC 演练七1一5 FBAED 3.becomes 4.Chinese 11-15 CADBA 演练八1一5 ADCBF 5.i 6.fields 实战演练 演练九1一5 FCEAD 7.are 8.do 演练一 1-5 CDABB 演练十1-5 EDFAC 9.is 10.being 演练二1一5 ADABB 演练十一1一5 EADCB 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 演练三1一5 DBBCA 演练十二1-5 FABDC 题型一 完形填空 演练四1一5 CCBCD 演练十三1一5 CDAEF 中考连线 演练五1一5 BDCBA 演练十四1-5 DFAEC 演练六1一5 BCCBA 演练十五1一5 CDAEB 一，2022·深圳 演练七1一5 ACBDD 题型三 语法填空 1-5 DCBCA 6-10 DCADB 演练八1-5 ABDCD 一、2022·深圳 二，2021·深圳 演练九1-5 ACDAD 1.warmly 2.with 1-5 CADCB 6-10 BDADB 演练十1-5 ADCCB 3.musicians 4.the 实战演练 演练十一1-5 DBCDA 5.made 6.was chosen 演练 演练十二1-5 ABDBC 7.to draw 8.third 1-5 ACABD 6-10 CDBAB 演练十三1一5 BACBD 9.but 10.closer 演练二 演练十四1一5 CCBDA 二，2021·深圳 1-5 BACBC 6-10 BABDB 演练十五1-5 ADCBD 1.was sitting 2.himself 4