专题12 主谓一致-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 专题十二 主谓一致 思维导图 主谓一致 单主对单谓 复主对复谓 语法一致原则 意义一致原则 就近一致原则 单名单代不定式 and连接的主语指 动名词+单谓 同一人/物+单语 or 复数名词或 时间、距离、金钱 人称代词复数作主语+复谓 无论单复一律+单谓 either..or and, both.. and.. 复形单意news, physics 作主语+复谓 neither..nor maths. politics+单谓 more than one 单形复意people. police+复谓 many a+单名 not only..but also with htit excent class. family, group, team, Chinese. Japanese整+单;个+复谓 There be besides.like不算数 glasses.trousers, pants, gloves. all. some, any.half. enough.most. shoes,scissors+复,pair决定单复 the rest,(百)分数由名词定数 a number of+复名+复谓 “the+形容词”表“一类人”+复谓 the number of+复名+单语 “the+姓氏复数”表 “夫妇一家”+复谓 each或复合不定代词+单谓 population+单谓, 但前有分数+复语 one of.each of. none of. either of. neither of+单谓 先行词作主语,决定 定从谓动单复数 124 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 考点考情分析 深圳近五年中考统计 考点 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 语法一致 1s 意义一致 就近一致 从近5年深圳中考英语的情况来看,主谓一致的考查与动词的第三人称单数考查 紧密结合,为高频考点。 命题趋势 学生在备考时应熟记初中阶段所学的与主谓一致相关的原则,尤其应掌握“就近 原则”和“就远原则”。 命题点1语法一致原则 句子的主语是单数形式,谓语动词要用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。 如:Chinahasa longhistory.中国有悠久的历史。 Nowthe students each have anEnglishChinese dictionary.现在学生们人人都有一本英汉词典。 1. 当主语部分含有with,together with,as well as. Everyone except Tom has been to the Great Wall. besides,except,but,like(像)等介词或介词短语 除汤姆外,每个人都去过长城。 时,谓语动词取决于介词前的主语,称为“就远 John with his friends plays basketball every weekend. 原则” 约翰和他的朋友们每个周末都打篮球。 Listening to the tapes is helpful to our English 2.动词不定式、动名词、从句或不可数名词作主 study.听磁带对我们的英语学习有帮助。 语,谓语动词用单数 What he said is not right.他的话不对。 3. 不定代词somebody,someone,something. anybody,anyone,anything,everybody. Lucy, someone is waiting for you at the gate. everyone,everything,nobody,no one. Lucy,有人在大门口等你。 nothing,each,every十n. 作主语时,谓语动词 用单数 Neither of them is right.他们两个都是错的 Every one of the students is studying hard. 4. neither of, either, each(one), every one, the 学生们都在努力学习。 other作主语时,谓语动词用单数 The other of the two comes from Australia. 他们中的另一个来自澳大利亚。 125 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 5. news,politics,maths,physics等词,虽然形式 上是以一s结尾,但表示的意义是单数,谓语动 Maths is my favorite subject. 词要用单数形式。相反,people,children等词 数学是我最喜欢的学科。 形式上是单数形式,但表示复数意义,谓语动 词要用复数形式 The painter and the writer have come to our 6. 由and,both..and连接的两个名词作主语,表 school.画家和作家都到了我们学校。(指两个人) 示两个不同的人或物时,谓语动词用复数。指 The painter and writer has come to our school. 同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数 那个画家兼作家到了我们学校。(指一个人两重身份) 7. clothes, trousers, pants, shorts, shoes, gloves 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果有量词 The shoes looknice.这鞋看上去很漂亮。 a kind of,a piece of,a pair of 等词修饰时,则 The pair of shoes is very nice.这双鞋很漂亮 依量词的单复数来定 跟踪训练. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 4.( 1.( )Journey to the West is interesting. )(2o23· 贵阳)Volunteering our time to Both my father and my sister the help people _ a good way to learn new book very much. things. A. likes B. like A. am C.are B.is D. was C. dislike D. dislikes 2.( )(2022·达州)-Ma Yun as well as Ren 5.( ) This pair of trousers Zhengfei tons of attention wherever smooth because they are made of Chinese they go. silk. -Yeah, they are very successful. We believe tha A. feels B. feel C. is felt struggle(奋斗)creates history and hard work D. are felt makes a future. A. gets: brightly B. get: bright C. gets; bright D. get; brightly 3.( )(2022·安顺)As we all know,using public 6.( ) Nobody except Tom and Mary chopsticks necessary when we eat with in the classroom. The other others. students are watching the basketball game B. are C. was A.is D. were on the playground now. C. are B.is A.am D. were 126 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 命题点2意义一致原则 意义一致即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义上是单数意义还是复数 意义。如:TheChinese are hard-working.中国人是勤劳的。 Ten years has passed since we met last time. 1.表示时间、距离、价格、重量、数目、数学运 从我们上次见面到现在已经十年了。 算等的词或短语作主语时,表示整体概念 10 kilometers is a long way to him. He is too tired. 谓语动词用单数 对他来说10千米是一段很长的路程。他太累了。 The old are looked after well in this old people's house. 2.“the十形容词”表示一类人时,谓语动词用 在这家养老院,老人们被照顾得很好。 复数形式 The young aren't allowed to get their ears pierced. 年轻人不被允许打耳洞。 3.“the十姓的复数形式”表示一家人或者夫 The Greens are going to Germany next week 妇两个,谓语动词用复数 格林一家打算下周去德国。 4. 集体 名词family,class,team,group. ClassOne is averygoodclass.一班是个好班。 enemy,police.population等表示整体概念 Now Class One are having a basketball match. 时,谓语动词用单数:表示成员时,谓语动 现在一班的学生在进行篮球比赛。 词用复数 5.名词性物主代词mine,yours,his,hers,its ours,theirs等作主语时,谓语动词的数取 His is a new bike. 决于该动词后面名词的数:动词后面的名 他的是一辆新自行车。 词是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式:动词 Ours are old bikes. 后面的名词为复数形式,谓语动词用复数 我们的是些旧自行车。 形式 跟踪l|练2.. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2o22·牡丹江)-The talent show 24.( )-TheSmiths used to living YouthWithYou(《青春有你》)isbecoming in Shanghai now. hotter and hotter online -We hope more and more foreign friends -Exactly. Half of our class interested live better life in China. in it recently. A.is;a B.are;a A.is B. are C.was D. were C.is; the D.are; the 127 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 中考在线 变式训练 2.( )(2023·广元)I plan to travel to 5.( ) Because of the special situation this America next month, and I think 2,ooo dollars year, about of the students in our enough. school having classes on the A. was B.are Internet at home. C.is D. were A. two thirds; are B. two third; is C. second thirds: are D. two thirds; is 3.( )(2022· 大庆)He likes collecting 6.( )Mary's family a large one. the stamps. Most of his money Now whole on family stamps. watching TV. A. has spent B. spends A. are; are B. are;is C. is spent D. spent C.is; is D. is; are 命题点3就近原则 Neither I nor she likes listening to this song. neither ... nor...,either ... or, not only ... but also. 她和我都不喜欢听这首歌。 not.l.but以及therebe连接两个并列的主语时, There is a knife and two pens in the box 谓语动词跟它靠近的主语单复数一致 在盒子里有一把刀和两支钢笔。 跟踪训练3. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 some 4.( 1.( )(2023·长春)There ) Neither the headmaster nor the beautiful flowers on the teacher's desk now. teachers take a vacation next week. A.is B. was A. were going to B. is going to C. are D. were C. was going to D. are going to 2.( )(2022·天水)Not only Jim but also 5.( )-What would you like to have for his sister a few cities in the south supper? since they came to China. Either noodles or rice OK. I don't A. have visited B. has visited mind. C. visited D. visits A. are B. were C.is D. was 128 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 中考在线 变式训练 3.( )(2022·柳州) Neither Lily nor her 6.( )On the left of the playground cousins to America, but of the library. There many books and them have known the country very well. computers in it. A. are; is A. have been; all B. have gone; both B. is; are D. has gone; all C. has been; all C. are; are D. is; is 命题点 4两个要注意的问题 1. the number of.与 a number of.. the number of...“.....的数量”.,作主语时谓语动词用单数。 The number of the workers in this factory is about 5oo.这家工厂的工人大约有5oo人 anumberof..“许多,大量”,作主语时谓语动词用复数。 A number of the workers in this factory are women.这家工.厂的工人很多是女工。 2.分数作主语时,依名词的单复数而定。若所修饰的名词是单数,则谓语动词用单数;若所修饰的名词 是复数,则谓语动词用复数。 Three quarters of the work is done by the computer. 四分之三的工作是电脑完成的。 One half of the students have passed the exam 有一半学生通过了考试。 跟踪训练4.. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2022· 遂宁)The number of the 3.( )-How many women doctors are there whales smaller and smaller because in your hospital? of human activities now. ther over twenty. A.were B.was A. A number of: are B. The number of: are C.is D. are C. The number of; is D. A number of; is )(2023·宿迁)-What does the fresh 4.( 2.( )A number of visitors visiting iuice contain? the West Lake and the number of the visitors of the juice .orange.It's increasing. A.are:is very pure. B. is: are C. are; are A. Four-fifths: are B. Four-fifth: is D.is;is C. Four fifths; is D. Four fifth: are 129 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 2024·备考精练 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Nobody (be) absent today. 2. Every boy (want) to go there. 3. Either you or she (have) made a wrong decision. 4. Not only she but also I (do) morning exercises every day. 5. Two thousand miles (be) too far for us to travel over a short vacation. 6. Tommy together with his classmates (go) to the park every Sunday. 7. He likes collecting stamps. Most of his money (spend) on stamps. 8. This pair of trousers (feel) smooth because they are made of Chinese silk. 微语篇语法选择 (2023· 广东)David is a 15-year-old boy and he is crazy about space. He always wonders how space stations work. For him, a space camp 1 greater than any other camp in the world. At the age of seven,David had his first astronaut (宇航员)training experience. He and his parents 2 to a Family Space Camp. They had a taste of what it was like to travel in space. Everything was magical. 3 excited David was! David has been to many space camps over the last eight years. Last month, he went to a new space camp. It had a lot of fun training programs, 4 he enjoyed all of them. There he was often asked why he liked space camps so much. “I 5 like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don't even need to leave the earth," he said. These experiences have influenced his life. Now David 6 space science. He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. )1.A.are B. was _。 C.is ,_ )2. A.invited B. are invited C. were invited -_,→ B. What )3.A.How C. What an B. but )4.A.or C. and ,→_ B. feels )5.A.feel C.felt ,_ B. is studying )6.A.study C. was studying 语法填空 (一) (2023 · 宜昌) The children, seeing the house the bird landed on, stopped and looked for some time. It was not 1. normal house at all. It was made of bread and candy and the windows were made of sugar. The children 2. (sudden) ran to the house and started to eat it. As they ate, a3. (woman) voice could be heard from inside the house saying 130。 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 “Who's that, eating at my home?" The children dropped what they 4. (eat),and were about to run away,but then a very old woman appeared at the door. "Ah! Children!"she said. “Do not run, come in. There's much more food inside." The woman seemed so kind 5. the children lost all feeling of danger, and went straight to her, and let her take their hands and lead them into her room. They 6. (give) all kinds of delicious food and drink and they were told that they could stay as long as they wanted, for the woman had another room 7. two clean beds. As kind as the old lady appeared to be,she was really a terrible witch(女巫),who liked to eat children. Her house was made of bread and candy, because children liked such things: and so it would be easier for the witch 8. (get) them to stay. She did not eat them right away, for often the children were very thin, and the witch wished to make them 9. (fat) than before, by giving them a lot of food. And so, the next morning, she went into the room where the children were sleeping. As she looked down on 10. (they) in their beds, she said,“Yes. They will make a very delicious dinner." (二) (2021·河泽改编)Now a growing number of young people 1. (be)wearing traditional hanfu, or Han Chinese clothing, You may see them eating, shopping, travelling 2. even working in hanfu. Hanfu 3. (become) popular in part because the government is developing traditional culture. Period dramas have also helped develop the public's interest in traditional4. clothes. What hanfu is like 5. (be) different since each Han-controlled dynasty had its own style but the clothes are usually loose, with sleeves(袖子) that hang down to the knees and flowing robes (长袍)aroundthe body. In modern China, people in different 6. are interested in wearing hanfu: from history lovers to students and even young workers. “Clothes7. the foundation(基础)of culture,”said Jiang Xue, who is a member of a hanfu club in Beijing. “If we as a people and as a country 8. not even understand our traditional clothing or don't wear them, how can we talk about other important parts of our culture?" However, there 9. still a long way for the style to go into people's daily life. Some say they are afraid of 10. watched by others when wearing hanfu in public 131新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） (二) 演练三 (二)阅读理解之短文填空 1.s0 2.1f 1-5 BBDCB 6-10 CCADA 中考连线 3.what 4.Suddenly 演练四 一，2022·深圳1-5 AEDCF 5.was covered 6.growing 1-5 BBCAD 6-10 ACDBA 二，2021·深圳1-5 DCFAB 7.when 8.because 演练五 9.stronger 10.the 1-5 BDCCB 6-10 CABAD 实战演练 专题十二 主谓一致 演练六 演练一1一5 BDAEF 跟踪训练1 1-5 DABCA 6-10 ABCBD 演练二1一5 BFECD 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.B 演练七 演练三1-5 BFEAC 跟踪调练2 1-5 BCDAB 6-10 DDCAA 演练四 1-5 CEABF 1.B2.C3.C4.B5.A6.D 演练八 演练五1一5 FAEBD 跟踪训练3 1-5 ACDBA 6-10 DDABC 演练六1-5 DBCEA 1.C2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B 演练九 浏练七1一5 EBDCA 跟踪训练4 1-5 CADBC 6-10 ABDAC 演练八1-5 FBAED 1.C2.C3.C4.A 演练十 演练九1-5 CDFEA 演练十1一5 ECBFD 2024·备考精练 1-5 BCADC 6-10 BDABC 演练十一 演练十一1一5 AEBFD 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1-5 DACDA 6-10 CBDAB 演练十二1一5 AFECB 1.is 2.wants 演练十二 演练十三1-5 CADBF 3.has 4.do 1-5 BACDB 6-10 ACDAC 演练十四1一5 DEABF 5.is 6.goes 7.is spent 演练十三 演练十五1一5 DFAEB 8.feels 1-5 CBADD 6-10 CBAAB (三)阅读理解之信息匹配 二、微语篇语法选择 演练十四 中考连线 1-6 CCACAB CBBAA 6-10 DBCAC 三，语法填空 1-5 一，2022·深圳1-5 BDCFA 演练十五 (一) 二，2021·深圳1-5 EBDFA 1-5 CBADC 6-10 ADCBD 1.a 2.suddenly 实战演练 3.woman's 题型二 阅读理解 演练一1-5 BECFA 4.ate/were cating (一)阅读理解之基础阅读 演练二1-5 DBAFC 5.that 6.were given 一，2022·深圳 演练三1一5 CBAFE 7.with 8.to get 1-5 BBACD 6-10 BDCDA 演练四1一5 FBDEA 9.fatter 10.them 11-15 DABAC 演练五1一5 CFBAD (二) 二，2021·深圳 演练六 1-5 FEBDA 1.are 2.or 1-5 ABADB 6-10 ADDBC 演练七1一5 FBAED 3.becomes 4.Chinese 11-15 CADBA 演练八1一5 ADCBF 5.i 6.fields 实战演练 演练九1一5 FCEAD 7.are 8.do 演练一 1-5 CDABB 演练十1-5 EDFAC 9.is 10.being 演练二1一5 ADABB 演练十一1一5 EADCB 第三部分 中考题型专项训练 演练三1一5 DBBCA 演练十二1-5 FABDC 题型一 完形填空 演练四1一5 CCBCD 演练十三1一5 CDAEF 中考连线 演练五1一5 BDCBA 演练十四1-5 DFAEC 演练六1一5 BCCBA 演练十五1一5 CDAEB 一，2022·深圳 演练七1一5 ACBDD 题型三 语法填空 1-5 DCBCA 6-10 DCADB 演练八1-5 ABDCD 一、2022·深圳 二，2021·深圳 演练九1-5 ACDAD 1.warmly 2.with 1-5 CADCB 6-10 BDADB 演练十1-5 ADCCB 3.musicians 4.the 实战演练 演练十一1-5 DBCDA 5.made 6.was chosen 演练 演练十二1-5 ABDBC 7.to draw 8.third 1-5 ACABD 6-10 CDBAB 演练十三1一5 BACBD 9.but 10.closer 演练二 演练十四1一5 CCBDA 二，2021·深圳 1-5 BACBC 6-10 BABDB 演练十五1-5 ADCBD 1.was sitting 2.himself 4