专题9 句子种类与简单句的基本类型-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 专题九句子种类与简单句的基本类型 思维导图 概念：由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成的句子叫作简单句。 1.主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P).如：You look happy. 2.主语+不及物动词(S+V).如：We talked a lot.. 基本 3.主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O).如：I really enjoyed my English class. 句型 4.主语十及物动词+间接宾语十直接宾语(S十V十IO十DO).如：He sent me some flowers.. 5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S十V十O+(OC).如：I find English interesting. 结构：There be十某人/某物+某地. 肯定句，如：There are some trees in the picture,. 否定句，如：There aren't any trees in the picture,(将否定词not放在be之后) 基 本 般疑问句，如：Are there any trees in the picture? 型 特殊疑问句，如：How many trees are there in the picture? there be句型 l.一般现在时：There is/.are.如：There is an apple on the table. 2.一般过去时：There was/were 时态 There was a football match in our school yesterday. 3.一般将来时：There is going to be…或There will be 句 如：There will be a class meeting this afternoon, 1.What十a/an十形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)！ 如：What a clever boy(heis)！/What an excellent match(itis)I 2.What十形容词十不可数名词/名词复数（十主语十谓语）！ 感叹句 如：What cold weather it is！/What beautiful flowers they are！ 3.How十形容词/副词（十主语十谓语）！ 如：How kind you are! 1.Db型：动词原形（十宾语）+其他成分.如：Please have a seat here.. 肯定式2.Be型：Be十表语（名词或形容词）十其他成分.如：Be a good boy！ 3.Lct型：Lct十宾语+动词原形十其他成分.如：Let me help you. 祈使句 1.Don't+动词原形+其他.如：Don'tforget me!/Don't be late for school! Don't十let十宾语十动词原形十其他成分.如：Don't let him go. 否定式2.Let型的否定式 Let十宾语十not十动词原形十其他成分.如：Let him not go.. 3.有些用No开头，表示禁止性的祈使句，如：No smoking! )》100● 第二部分基础语法考点精析 命题点口简单句的五种基本类型及there be句型 句型 例句 1.主语十不及物动词十其他 The girl is studying hard. 2.主语十系动词十表语十其他 He seems very busy. 3.主语十及物动词十宾语十其他 She sent an e-mail of apology. 4.主语十及物动词十间接宾语十直接宾语十其他 My mother bought me an iPhone 15. 5.主语十及物动词十宾语十宾语补足语十其他 The news made them surprised. 6.there be结构 There is a river behind our school. 命题点2陈述句 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 略 略 1.否定谓语（常见） I don't think playing computer games too much is good. 2.否定主语 Nobody knows why he didn't come to school. 否定句 3.否定宾语 We know nothing about it. 4.否定宾语补足语 Our teacher often tells us not to give up our dreams. 5.否定状语 My pen was lost and I could find it nowhere. 跟踪练· 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.Linda thinks it's easy to write Chinese words. 4.Tom enjoys playing basketball on the school (改为否定句) playground.(改为否定形式) Linda to write Chinese words. 2.There is something wrong with the radio. 5.Tom always goes to bed at twelve.(改为否定句) (改为否定句) Tom to bed at twelve. There's wrong with the radio. 3.He's made a decision to teach in the village 6.You'd better help him with his maths..(改为否 school..(改为否定句) 定句) He a decision to teach in the You help him with his village school. maths. ●)》101 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 命题点3疑问句 疑问句是用来提出问题的句子，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 1.疑问句的种类 问句类型 解析 例句 以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头，用Yes Did you have a good time at school? 一般疑问句 或No来回答 Can you finish your work on time? 陈述句语序— 针对主语（或修饰语）提问 Whose car is under the tree? 特殊疑问句 疑问词十一般疑问句语序 How do you study English? 一般疑问句十0r十另一个备选对象 Would you like some tea or coffee? 选择疑问句 特殊疑问句，AOrB? Which do you prefer,tea or coffee? 2.引导特殊疑问句的how短语辨析 疑问词组 含义 用法 疑问词组 含义 用法 提问数量，后跟可数 ①提问数量，后跟不可数名词： how many 多少 how much 多少（钱）】 名词复数 ②询问价钱 ①提问时间，答语用“for十一段时 提问将来时间，答语 how soon 多久 how long 多长 间”或“since-十过去时间，点”；②提问 用“in十一段时间” 物体的长度 how far 多远 提问距离 how often 多久一次 提问频率 how old 多大 提问年龄 how large 多大 询问面积 跟踪训练2 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·达州) is the population 4.( )-Which skirt do you prefer. of China now,Jack? the red one or the yellow one? -Let me think for a moment.It is about I don't like red very much. A.How many:1,400 million A.No,I don't B.What;1,400 million B.The yellow one C.What;140 million C.Yes,I do D.How many:140 million D.No,it is e》102e 第二部分基础语法考点精析 中考在线 变式训练 2.( )(2022·北京) is the concert 5.( do you play going to start? basketball with your friends? -I've no idea.Why not check the ticket? -Twice a week. A.What time B.What about A.How often B.How long C.How long D.How often C.How many D.How much 3.( )(2022·郴州)一Could you please tell me 6.( do you think we can the library is from here? finish the report? -It's about fifteen minutes'ride. -Perhaps in one more hour. A.how soon B.how long A.How long B.How much C.how far D.how often C.How soon D.How often 命题点4祈使句 1.祈使句通常用于提出请求、建议或发出命令等。以动词原形开头（否定形式在前面加Don't),常在句 首或句未加上please. 形式 结构 例句 Please go over your exam papers once again before (Please-十)动词原形十其他 handing them in. 青定 Please listen to me carefully! 式 D0十动词原形（加强语气，表“务必， Do come on time! 一定”) Do be careful！ L,et十宾语十动词原形十其他 Let's have a second try. Don't tell me the bus broke down again! Don't十动词原形十其他 Don't play your smartphone when you are walking. 定 No十名词/动名词 No noise! No smoking! 式 Don'tlet十宾语十动词原形十其他 Don't let him go there alone.=Let him not go there =Let十宾语十not十动词原形十其他 alone. 2.祈使句的应答语（应答析使句时要用一般将来时） 肯定回答 Please remember to finish your homework on time every day. -Yes,I will. 否定回答 Don't cause any trouble at school any more. 一Sorry,Iwon't. ●)》103● 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 命题点5感叹句 表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、赞美、厌恶或愤怒等情绪。 类型 解析 例句 How cold the day is! How十形容词/副词（十主十谓）！ How quickly he runs! 以how引导 How十形容词十a/an十单数名词！ How beautiful a flower! How十主语十谓语 How time flies！ What+形容词+名词复数(+主十谓)！ What lovely kids (they are)! 以what引导 What+形容词十不可数名词（十主十谓）！ What bad weather (it is ) What+a/an十形容词十可数名词单数（十主十谓）！ What an exciting movie (it is)! 跟踪训练3， 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1. )(2023·宿迁)-China won all the4.( hard work you have done! gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis -It's very kind of you to say so. Championships. A.What B.How exciting news！ C.What a D.How a A.What a B.How a C.How D.What 2.( )(2023·锦州) good advice 5.( silent,please!You are in it is!I'm sure to have a wonderful summer the library. vacation. 一I'm sorry,madam. -I'm so glad that you like it. A.Keep B.To keep A.How B.What a C.Keeping D.Kept C.What D.What an 6.( )-Maria,we will graduate in a week. 3.( )(2022·遂宁)一Sam, run in We should keep in touch. the hallways.It's very dangerous. A.How time fly -Sorry,Ms.Black. B.What time fly A.do B.don't C.How time flies C.not D.doesn't D.What time flies e》104e 第二部分基础语法考点精析 2024·备考精练 ●用合适的词填空 1. cute dog it is！ 2. bad the weather in England is! 3. exciting news you've brought to us! 4. good time we had on the beach yesterday! 5. does your mother do?-She is a teacher. 6. have you been in Shenzhen?-For 6 years. 7. do you visit your grandparents,Tom? -Twice a month. 8. is it to your house from here? -Only ten minutes'walk. 9. anything left on the desk? -Yes,there is a book left on it. 10. smoking.It's dangerous. ●微语篇语法选择 Once a king asked his general to find a shirt of a happy man.The general searched and searched but couldn't find anyone.1 everyone had their own problems,and no one was truly happy.Just as he was about to give up,he saw a poor man on the street.He was eating with his hands and singing happily to himself."2 happy man!"The general thought and went up to him. “Hello!I'm the king's top general.” "Hi.General.3 can I help you today?" "I heard you singing just now,and you 4 very happy. “So I am.That's because I am happy.” "5 I don't understand.What makes you so happy?You have no power,money or fame. "I have everything I want,and I don't want 6 I can't have.So I'm happy,and my song comes from the happiness in my heart. "Then 7 your shirt to the king.Is it there in your bag?8 do you want?""Shirt?What shirt?I don't own any shirts. ( )1.A.It seemed that B.It seems that C.It looked that ( )2.A.What B.What a C.How ( )3.A.How B.What C.When ( )4.A.look B.taste C.sound e》105e 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） )5.A.However B.And C.But ( )6.A.how B.what C.why ( )7.A.give B.giving C.to giving ( )8.A.How many B.Why C.How much 。语法填空 (-) (2023·贵州改编)Each year,billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans..Sometimes people throw away water 1. (bottle)or other plastic.They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 2. rain can move garbage from land to sea.Plastic takes a very long time to break down.It can remain in the oceans 3. hundreds of years.Plastic pieces are very 4. (danger)to sea animals. One group,Washed Ashore,came up with a new idea 5. (tell)people about the problems in the oceans.First,they take the garbage from 6. beach.Then,they clean and sort it.7. (final),they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art.The artwork is mostly of sea creatures(生物). Washed Ashore 8. (create)more than seventy of these works of art.Some of 9. (they)are now travelling in a show all over the world.Each piece shows the effects of trash. In one show,people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals.They think the plastic 10. (be)food,eat it,and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter.The plastic would not end up in the ocean. (二) (2o22·长沙改编)Henry is an American businessman.One day,while he I. (sail)on a boat near San Francisco,he was carried out into the sea by a strong wind.2. (luck),he was discovered and picked up by a I,ondon-bound(开往伦敦的)ship.So he landed in London 3. accident.Alone and hungry,he walked on the streets of the city.Unexpectedly,he (call)into a big house.There two rich brothers,Oliver and Roderick,gave him a letter and told him not to open it 5. two o'clock of the day.Henry didn't know it was 6. million-pound(百万英镑)bank note,He left the big house and went into a cheap restaurant to get something 7. (eat).Everyone was impolite and impatient to him.Why? 8. he was in rags(衣衫楼)and looked dirty.Then,to everyone's9. (surprised),he handed the owner a million-pound bank note to pay for the meal.On seeing the note, all the people in the restaurant became friendly and tried their best to please Henry.Don't you think it's 10. (believable)story in the world? e》106英语·参考答案 三、语法填空 7.regularly 8.To solve 10.Neither:nor (一) 9.spirits 10.how 二、微语篇语法选择 1.fifth 2.stories 专题九 句子种类与 (一-)I-6 CBBACC 3.widely 4.a 简单句的基本类型 三、语法填空 5.jumped 6.to remember 跟踪调练1 (-) 7.eating 8.exciting 1.doesn't think it's easy 1.reasons 2.what 9.that 10.like 2.nothing 3.their 4.invited (二) 3.hasn't made 5.with 6.younger 1.their 2.was driving 4.Tom doesn't enjoy playing basketball 7.excitedly 8.to tell 3.farther 4.before on the school playground. 9.thinking 10.8 5.of 6.movies (二) 5.never goes 7.really 8.an 1.but 6.had better not 2.visiting 9.to do 10.helped 跟踪训练2 3.written 4.who 专题八构词法 4.B5.A6.C 5.unless 1.B2.A3.C 6.by 跟踪训练1 7.unable 跟踪训练3 8.Though 1.untidy 2.impatient 1.D2.C3.B4.A5.A 6.C 9.are invited have been invited 3.unhappiness 4.covering 10.A 2024·备考精练 5.inexpensive 6.disagree 专题十一 主从复合句 跟踪训练2 一、用合适的词填空 跟踪训练1 1.natural 2.luckily 1.What a 2.How 1.D2.B3.D4.B5.D6.D 3.polluted 4.Carelessness 3.What 4.What 跟踪训练2 5.gently 6.kindness 5.What 6.How long 1.D2.A3.A4.D5.D6.A 跟踪训练3 7.How often 8.How far 跟踪调练3 1.B 2.safety 9.1s there 10.No 1.C2.B3.A4.D5.A6.A 3.winner 4.fresher 二，微语篇语法选择 跟踪训练4 5.fishermen's 6.fortieth 1-5 ABACC 6-8 BAC 1.C2.D3.A 4.A5.C6.C 2024·备考精练 三，语法填空 跟踪训练5 (一) 一、用括号中的恰当形式填空 1.B2.B3.D4.A5.C6.A 1.bottles 2.and 1.dangerous 2.clearly 2024·备考精练 3.for 4.dangerous 3.creative 4.importance 5.to tell 6.n 一、用恰当的连词、从句引导词或所 5.really 6.homeless 7.Finally 8.has created 给词的适当形式填空 7.collection 8.truly 9.them 10.is 1.if.whether 9.disabled 10.invention (二) 2.so:that 11.sadness 12.simply 1.was sailing 2.Luckily 3.unless 13,tourists 14.improvement 3.by 4.was called 4.although:though 15.valuable 16,discussion 5.until.before 6.a 5.while 6.whether 17.impatient 18.safety 7.to eat 8.Because 7.lived 8.rises 二，微语篇语法选择 9.surprise 9.which/that 10.whom 1-5 CBCAA 6-8 CCC 10.the most unbelievable 11.who/that 12,whose 三，语法填空 专题十 并列句 13.so that/in order that (一) 14.who 15.how 跟踪训练 1.on 2.to take 二、微语篇语法选择 1.C2.D3.C 4.C5.A6.D 3.your 4.Generally 1-5 CCCCA 6-8 CCB 5.signing 6.a 2024·备考精练 三、语法填空 7.enjoyable 8.letters 一、用恰当的并列连词填空 (一) 9.makes 10.nd 1.and 2.0r 1.herself 2.villagers (二) 3.but 4.s0 3.first 4.without 1.is known 2.to 5.Neither 6.Either 5.decision 6.hours' 3.the hardest 4.started 7.and./while 8.and 7.the 8.have made 5.its 6.the 9.not only:but also 9.to see 10.deeply