专题5 代词-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 专题五 代词 思维导图 代词 人称代词 起代替作用 译为“某人/物” 指示 相互 连接 关系 物主 人称 排列顺序 单数231 than/as后或作 复数123 动介前后 (you, he, I) 表语主宾均可 (we. you, they) 主格 宾格 复数 单数 单数 复数 I we me us you you you you he they him them she her 表示时间/天气/ 作形式主语 指看不见时人 温度/距离/情况 或形式宾语 It istadi.+for It takes sh. st I find it sb.tto do todo +adi.+to do 物主代词 译为“某人的” 形容词性 名词性 胆小涵:后 双重所有格:of+名代 his/its双重身份 独行侠:后 必跟名词 不跟名词 my mine your yours his his her hers it its our ours your yours their theirs 62 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 疑问代词 关系代词 根据句意需要选择 引导定从 who whose what which who whom which 宾格whom what color what about whichever 先行词是 先行词是 先行词是物 先行词特 主语人 宾语人 whoever 殊情况 what size what kind 构成感叹句 “多么” 不定代词 常规 复合 被视为单数 注意“数” “敢死队”冲锋 后可接of 后不接of 注意肯否定 在前定语后置 something 一些 some肯定句 either两者任一 any否定/疑问句 any三者任一 someone “都” “都不” somebody both=2 neither=2 all3 none>3 anything “每个” another, (the) other(s)“其他的” anyone 加减法 cach>2 every>3 确概数 anybody 加法another 确数带the 不接of 可接of nothing 单复数 关one. the other 复数带s 联some...others no one仅指人 “许多 “少量” nobody many+复数 much+不可数 (a)few+复数 (a) little+不可数 不加a表否定 不加a表否定 everything one-it “许多,大量” everyone “一个” lots of/plenty of a number of+复数 everybody one同类异物 i同类同物 +复数/不可数 a great deal of+不可数 反身代词 译为“某人自己” 指示代词 这/那个(些) 构成 考点。 单复数 myself 构成 考点 yourself 搭配 近处 himself herself by oneself than后代指同类 itself ourselves help oneself to 单数this 复数these 单数that 复数those yourselves themselves enjoy oneself 远处 用于打电话时 teach oneself 复数those “我”this 单数that learn...by oneself “你"that 63 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 相互代词 连接代词 译为“互相” 引导宾从 引导词后用陈述语序 that if/whether 构成 所有格。 特珠疑问词 有or(not)时 引导陈述句, 只用whether each other(-2) each other's one another's one another(>3) 引导特殊疑问句 可省略 引导一般疑问句 考点考情分析 深圳诉五年中考统计 考点 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 人称代词 物主代词 Their your 反身代词 himself 指示代词 疑问代词 不定代词 从近5年深圳中考英语的情况来看,代词在语法填空中的考查较少,但阅读理解 命题趋势 的代词指代题是高频考点,且能有效指导句子填空这一题型的解题。 学生在备考时应熟记初中阶段所学的与代词相关的知识点,尤其应对物主代词和 反身代词予以重视。 命题点1人称代词 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 单数 复数 单复数 复数 单数 复数 I he she it 主格 we you you they him us her 宾格 me you you them 作主语 She is my English teacher. 她是我的英语老师。 They don'twant me togo there alone.他们不想让我单独去那里。 作宾语 All of us like playing computergames.我们所有人都喜欢玩电脑游戏。 常见句型:主格十动词十宾格。如:I helphim and hehelpsme.我帮助他,他帮助我。 64 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 跟踪训练1■.- 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·鄂州)-Mum,where is my 4.( )My best friend and were father? I want to give agift. fixing up the broken machine when the -Oh, he is out. rainstorm came. A. me B. your A.I B. me C. him D. her C. mine D. my 5.-I bought a skirt for 2.( )(2022·扬州)-Sandy, could you fold .I hope you like the clothes for me? -Why ? I am not available. You can -Thank you, Mom. I can't wait to try it on. ask David to do instead. A. him; them B. me; it C.I;it D. me; them 3.( )(2022·昆明)-What is your sister's 6. ( is dancing in the favorite color? classroom? favorite color is purple, the Color must be Sandy. A. Who; She of the Year for 2022. B. Who: It C. What: It B. Your A.My C.His D. Her D. What: She 命题点2物主代词 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 his my her its our your your their mine his hers its 名词性 ours yours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词只能作定语,修饰后面所接的名词 而名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词十名词”,相当于名词的用法。 如:This is my book, -This book is mine. (mine=my book 65 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 跟踪训练2. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·福建)-Harry, is this your 4.( )-Is that lady with glasses basketball? English teacher? -Yes,it's -No, she isn't.__ is the lady in a red A. his B. yours dress. C.mine D. hers A. your: Ours B. yours; Our C. your: Our D. yours; Ours 5. They spend one hour doing 2.( )(2023·东营)-Lily,put your books (they) into your schoolbag. homework every day. -They're not They are Lucy's. A. his B. hers C. mine D. yours 6.( 3.( )(2022·百色)-Jenny,is that bagon ) The girl with a pair of glasses is Nancy. the desk father is my math teacher A. His bag. It is Lily's. -No, it isn't B. Her C. Your A. yours; mine B. your; mine D. Its C. your: my D. yours; my 命题点3反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 人称 第三人称 小新 单数 复数 单数 复数 单复数 单数 复数 反身代词 ourselves yourselves himself herself itself yourself myself themselves 作宾语 Her sister istoo youngtodressherself. 她的妹妹年纪太小,还不会自己穿衣服。 田张 主语同位语 He himself is alwavs making suchmistakes.他自己总是犯这样的错误。 宾语同位语 You'd better ask your wife herself.你最好问你妻子本人。 helponeself tosth.请自便;别客气 enjoy oneself玩得开心 常考的 teach oneself sth. =learn sth. by oneself 自 学 leave one byoneself 把某人单独留下 词组有 (all)byoneself(全)靠自己 dressoneself 自己穿衣服 make oneself at home使某人宾至如归 look after oneself 照顾自己 66 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 跟踪训练3. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·遂宁)-I saw your grandma use 4.( )-What is Sarah doing? -She is dressing Douyin on the phone. Who taught her? in the bedroom. A. she -Nobody. She taught B. her C. herself B. myself A. himself D. hers C. herself D. yourself 2.( )(2o23· 无.锡)Think about it and ask 5.( )Tai chi, part of Chinese culture, is : have you really done everything right? an exercise which helps people improve A. you B. yourself in health. C.me D. myself A. themselves B. ourselves C. itself D. myself 3.( )(2023·吉林) Lily will arrive in 6.( ) Believe in and you can Changchun tomorrow. Let's have a party make it. for A. himself B. myself A. her B. she C. herself D. hers C. themselves D. yourselves 命题点4指示代词 定义 表示时间和空间远近关系的代词叫指示代词。 分类 this,that,these,those 作主语 Those are my parents.那是我的父母。 作宾语 Throw it like that.像那样扔掉。 The toys little Tom likes are those in the basket. 作表语 小汤姆喜欢的那些玩具都在篮子里。 作定语 These pictures are drawnby an oldblindman.这些画是一个年老的盲人画的. 1.前面刚刚提到过的东西,常用that/those表示。如; 用法 I'm sorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我很难过。 2. 下文将要提到的事情,可用these/this表示,起启下的作用。如: Tell the children to do like this: knock the stick into the earth first,and then tie the tree to it.告诉孩子们这样做:先把棍子敲进土里,再把树绑在上面。 3.打电话时,常用that询问对方是“谁”,用this介绍自己。如: -Hello,isthat Lucy?喂,是露西吗? -Hello,this is Lucy.嗨,我是露西。 67 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 跟踪训练4. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·雅安)-Mr Brown,I find 4.( )I bought two skirts. is for hard to learn English well. my sister and the other for myself. A. This -Come on! Practice makes perfect. B. It C.One C. this D. its B. it A. that D. That 2.( )(2022·乐山)-Look,Betty has a 5.( )-Who is speaking? new mobile phone-Huawei Mate 40 Pro. is Jane speaking. How nice it is! A. that; This B. this: That -Yes. Her mother bought for her C. that; That D. this: This progress. A. it B. one C. this D. that 3.( )(2022·缕化) The population of 6.( ) The gravity on Mars is only about Suihua is much smaller than of three eighths of on the Earth. Harbin. A. that B. those A.it B. one C. that D. this C. one D. ones 命题点5不定代词 1.不定代词的用法 不定代词 基本用法 some用于肯定句和表示委婉请求或建议的疑问句;any用于否定句及疑问 some一些,某个 句。如: I have somepensbut Idon'thaveanyink.我有一些钢笔,但我没有墨水。 any一点,任何 Would you like to drink some water? 你想喝点,水吗? Are there any letters for me? 有我的信吗? one,ones one可以指人或物,复数为ones no 作定语,后接可数名词或不可数名词。表示否定,相当于notany或nota none可以指人或物,作主语或宾语;可以指代可数名词,意为“没有一个人或物” 也可指代不可数名词,意为“没有一点.....”。指代不可数名词时,谓语动词用单 none 数;指代可数名词时,谓语动词用单复数皆可。 可以单独使用(回答howmany,howmuch的提问),也可以和of连用 many 用于可数名词前 many=a large/great number of 68 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 不定代词 基本用法 much 用于不可数名词前 much=a great/good deal of a few(肯定) 用于可数名词前 a few= some but not many:few=nearly no few(否定) a little= some but not much;little-nearly nothing a little(肯定 only,even,quite,just等词可与a few,a little连 用于不可数名词前 little(否定) 用,而不和few,little连用 用于两者之间。both意为“(两个)都”,后若跟名词,要跟名词的复数形式,谓语动 both.neither. either 词也用复数形式;neither,either后若跟名词,要跟名词的单数形式,谓语动词也用 单数形式。 all,none 用于三者或三者以上。all表示肯定,none表示全部否定。 跟踪训练5. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( other nurses 4.( )(2023·徐州) )-I prefer speaking to listening in in the hospital have worked here longer than English learning. Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working -Oh, really? I think you should be good at here before her. of them. B.Most A. none A.All B. neither C. Some D.Few C.some D. both 2.( )(2023·长春) of my parents 5.( )-Which city shall we go, Beijing or can swim. They are going to learn it this Shanghai? summer. is OK for me. Just choose the one A. Neither B.Either you prefer. C.All D.None A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None 3.( )(2023·新疆)-Jack,when are we 6.( )-Bob, what's your dream job, a going to buy a birthday gift for our grandma. doctor or a teacher? today or tomorrow? . I want to be a policeman. are OK. I am available. A.Both B. Either B. Both A.All C. None D. Neither C. Neither D. None 69 新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版) 2.复合不定代词的用法 (1)形容词修饰复合不定代词时后置 something important一些重要的事 (2)复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动 Is everybodyheretoday?今天所有人都在这吗? 词通常用单数 somebody, someone, something,anybody,anyone (3)常见的复合不定代词 anything,nobody,everyone,nothing,everybody,everything 跟踪训l练6. 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 4.( )Don't worry. There is 1.( )(2023·东营)-Has wrong ever with the TV set. It's only because been to Mars? of -No, not yet. Maybe in the future. power cut. A. something A. nobody B. anybody B. nothing C. anything D. everybody C. somebody D. everything )(2023·宿迁)-Sandy is well 5.( 2.( )I called her several times but organized. answered. Exactly. A. everybody in her room is in good B. somebody order. C. anybody D. nobody A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing D. None 3.( )(2023·营口)Daming is happy today 6.( )-Why are you laughing, Daniel? look for a set of -There is because he helped funny in the newspaper. keys on his way home. Come and see. B. anybody A. anything A. nobody B. something D. everybody C. everything C. somebody D. nothing 命题点6疑问代词 疑问代词是指人、指事或者指物的疑问词,包括指人的who、whom、whose,指物的what,既可指 人又可指物的which。疑问代词在句中起名词词组的作用,用来构成疑问句,在句中应位于谓语动词之 前,没有人称和数的变化,除who之外也没有格的变化。 70 第二部分 基础语法 考点精析 用法 举例 1.who用于询问姓名、关系等,作 Who is your English teacher? 主语、表语、宾语,不能位于介 你们的英语老师是谁? 词后 Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把这本书带给谁?(作介词宾语,置于句首) 2.whom是who的宾格形式,作宾 To whom did you speak on the campus? 指人 语,可以放在介词后 你在校园里和谁讲了? (作介词宾语,置于介词后,不能用who取代) 3.whose是who的所有格形式,既 Whose umbrella is this? 可以用作名词性也可用作形容词 -Whose is this umbrella? 性;在句中可用作主语、表语、宾 这是谁的伞? 语、定语等 4.what用于询问职业、地位等,所 What question did he ask?他问了什么问题? 指物 指的事物无范围限制,可用作主 Whatishe?他是千什么的?(what指职业) 语、表语、宾语、定语等 既指人 5.which意为“哪一个,哪一些” Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 也指物 可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等 茶和咖啡,你喜欢哪一样? 【what,which的区别】 1.当选择的范围较小或比较明确时,多用which;当选择的范围较大或不明确时,多用what。如: Whichcolor do you like,red,blackor white?红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种 What color is your car?你的汽车是什么颜色的? 但是,若指人,即使选择的范围不明确,也多用which。 如: Which writers do you like?你喜欢哪些作家? 2.由于what的选择范围可以很大或不明确,所以其后可以跟else,表示“其他的事物”,但通常不跟表示 特定范围的of短语;而which的选择范围相对较小或明确,所以其后一般不接else,却常与表特定范 围的of短语连用。如: What else did you see there? 你在那儿还看到了别的什么东西? Which of the three girls is the youngest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最小?新课标中考宝典·英语(深圳专用版 三、语法填空 6.B 2024·备考精练 (一) 跟踪训练2 1. what 2. appeared 一、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. their 1. thirds 2. thirties 3. earliest 4. by 6.B 3. the first 5. because 6. hundreds 4. twelfth 跟踪训练3 5. eight 8. the 6. ninth 7. comfortably 1.C 2. B 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.D 7. fourths 1o. brushing 8. fifth 9. invention 跟踪训练4 9.once 10. forties (二) 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.A 11. thousands 1. especially 2. harmful 12. hundred 跟踪训练5 13. third 3. Without 4. endangered 14. twice; three 1.D 2.A 3. B 4. D 5.C 6.D 5. the strongest 6. are caught 二、微语篇语法选择 跟踪训练6 7. The 1-5ACABB 8. groups 6-8CAC 1. B 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. B 9. to develop 10. have shown 三、语法填空 跟踪训练7 冠词 专题四 (一) 1.A 2.A 3.A 4.A 5.D 1. elephants 跟踪训练1 2. the 3. was 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.B 6. Whose 4. Why 5. scared 跟踪训练2 2024·备考精练 6. thought 7. to protect 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.B 8.at 一、用括号内适当的代词填空 9. quickly 跟踪训练3 10. them 1. these: they 2. theirs 1.D 2. B 3.C 4.A 5.C (二) 3.it 4. Which 6. thet 7 1. first 5. It 2. Thousands 6. yourselves 3. raiscd 2024·备考精练 4. to fix 7. her 8. it;its 5.If 6. minutes' 一、用适当的冠词填空,不定冠词 9. themselves 10. theirs 7. internationally 用/表示 8. has passed 11. yourselves 12. her 9. worse 1./ 2.a: The 10. am fighting 13. that 14. Their: them 专题七 3.an;a 4.a; the 介词 二、微语篇语法选择 5.A;/ 6.a:8 跟踪训练1 7.a 1-5BCCAC 6-8ACC 8. an 1. B 2. C 3.A 4.B 5.A 6. B 9. the 10. the 三、语法填空 跟踪训练2 12.a;/ 11. The;/ (一) 1. B 2.C 3.B 4. B 5.A 6.C 1. proudly 13./;/ 14.a:a 2. has attracted 跟踪训练3 3.in 15.an 4. interest 1.D 2.C 3.C 4. B 5.B 6.C 5. first 二、微语篇语法选择 6. me 跟踪训练4 7. When 1-7CACBACA 8.a 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 三、语法填空 9. has 10. to show 跟踪训练5 (一) (二) 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 1. artists 1. an 2.is 跟踪训练6 2. was encouraged 3. western 4. traditional 1.D 2.A 3.C 4. B 5.A 6. A 3. to learn 4. traditional 5.on 6. luck 5. With 2024·备考精练 6. began 7. is named 7. that 8. Finally 一、用适当的介词填空 8. has developed 1. for 9. better 10.a 2. like 9. meaning 10. forms 3. to (二) 4. with 专题六 数词 2. fourth 5.at 1. really 6. with 跟踪训练1 7.at 3. was used 4. cheapest 8.of 6. began 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.D 6.C 9.On 5. traditional 10. with 8. from 跟踪训练2 7. what 11.on 12. with among 9. centuries 1.C 2.C 3.A 4. B 5.D 6.C 10. to develop 13. from 14. across 专题五 跟踪训练3 代词 15. of;for 跟踪训练1 1.B 2. D 3.B 4. B 5.A 6.C 二、微语篇语法选择 1.C 2. B 3. D 4.A 5. you;it 1-5AABBB 6-8CBA 2