专题3 形容词和副词-【中考宝典】2024年中考英语(深圳专用版)

新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版）】 专题三 形容词私副词 思维导图 形容词 修饰名词 名词前作定语 系动词后作表语 宾语后作宾补 后置的情况 That sounds interesting. make sb.adj. 复合不定代词之后 keep sth.adj. “长宽高重老远”后置 “远"用away不用far 副词 修饰动词、形客词 作状语 等级比较 形副词级别：原级、比较级、最高级 原级比较：“和一样”S5 “不和…一样”not as.…as..或nots0as. 规剩变化：单音节词和少数双音节词(I)+er/est (2)双写+er/cst(3)y→ier/est 比较级比较：比较级+han 比较级前可用much,a little,even,still修饰 其他双音节词和多音节词前加mor心most 最高级比较：thc+最高线+imof苑围 in前后不同类of前后同类 不规则变化：good/well-better-best “比较级+and+比较级” bad/badly/ill-worse-worst 表示“越来越…” ■ many/much-more-most;little-less-least he+比较级，the+比较级” far-farther/further-farthest/furthest 表示“越…就越” 同义句转换：原级与比较皱互相转换 “one of the+最高级+名词（复数）” nots0/a3.a5.与.than.的转换 被视为单数形式 最高级与比较级互相转换 the+最高级与than any(other)t可单n.的转换 “Which/Who.A,B,orC?"中 两者相选用比较级，三者相选用最高级 to0.…to.so.that,not..enough to的转换 favorite与like.best之间的转换 有both/either/neither/twins/of the two等 表“两者"时，用"“he+比较级” 形容词和副词中考点 形副判断 等级比较 短语搭配 正反义词 词义辨析 》44● 第二部分基础语法考点精析 考点考情分析 深圳近五年中考统计 考点 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 形容词 tired surprised valuable tasty 副词 secretly happily warmly really 比较级：最高级 harder closer 从近5年深圳中考英语的情况来看，形容词、副词及其比较级和最高级是语法填 命题趋势 空的高频考点。学生在备考时应熟记初中阶段所学的与形容词和副词相关的知 识点，尤其应对形容词和动词之间及形容词和副词之间的词性变换予以重视。 命题点工形容词的作用和用法 1.形容词的作用 作用 例句 句中的位置 You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden. 你可以在花园里看到很多美丽的花。 位于名词之前，不定代词之后 用作定语 I have nothing important to tell you. (修饰不定代词需后置) 我没什么重要的消息告诉你。 Your coat is too small.你的外套太小了。 用作表语 位于连系动词之后 She looks happy today.她今天看上去很开心。 用作宾 The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy. 位于宾语之后 语补足语 那个老太太把所有的东西都收拾得干净、整齐。 2.形容词的用法 (1)形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后 变成名词，即“the十形容词”，表示一类 The young should take good care of the old. 人。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。这 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 类词有：rich/poor;good/bad:young old; The rich never help the poor in this country. healthy 'ill;living/dead;black/white 在这个国家富人从来不帮助穷人。 示人种等) (2)数词的复合词形式起形容词作用，作定语 aone-thousand-word article一篇千字文 时要前置，中心词用单数，词与词之间要 an8-year-old girl一个八岁大的女孩 加连字符 e》45e 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） l00 miles long一百英里长 (3)形容词和空间、时间单位合用时须后置 two meters high两米高five meters deep五米深 (4)lse要放在疑问代词或复合不定代词 Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？ 之后 跟踪训练“·， 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·十报)-As far as1know, 4.( )-I'm hungry.Could you get me the high-speed railway from Shiyan to Xi'an to eat? will be finished soon. -Yes.There is some fried chicken in the fridge. -Yeah.It will be more for us to A.something delicious travel to Xi'an. B.delicious something A.dangerous B.difficult C.anything delicious C.convenient D.traditional D.delicious anything 2.( )(2023·徐州)My cousin is 5.( )The price of the T-shirt made of cotton He never forgets the things he is not but this kind of silk dress is needs to do. usually very A.energetic B.curious A.high:expensive B.expensive;high C.organized D.confident C.high:high D.expensive:expensive 3.( )(2023·新)Siheyuan is a kind of 6.( )The news made him building around China with a He didn't fall asleep until midnight. history of more than 3,000 years. A.excited:excited B.exciting:exciting A.central B.traditional C.exciting:excited D.excited:exciting C.musical D.national 命题点2副词的用法 1.副词的变化规律 (1)直接由形容词加y构成 sad-sadly:quiet-quietly:usual-usually (2)以辅音字母加le结尾的，去掉e,再加-y terrible-terribly;simple-simply:gentle-gently (3)以辅音字母加-y结尾的，变y为i,再加-y lucky-luckily:happyhappily:noisy-noisily (4)其他变化 true-truly:full-fully 注意：had既是形容词也是副词，作形容词意为“困难的：坚硬的”，作副词意为“努力地：剧烈地”； hardly的意思是“几乎不”，它和hard没关系。 46● 第二部分基础语法考点精析 2.副词的作用 作用 例句 句中的位置 修饰动词 I don't speak English well. (1)一般在动词之后，形容词前。 修饰形容词 Reading is very important. (2)在be动词、助动词之后；有多个助动 词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。 修饰副词 He didn't run fast enough. (3)enough位于被修饰的形容词或副词 修饰句子 Luckily,she didn't hurt badly. 之后。 3.副词的种类 种类 常见例词 时间副词 now,then,early,today,soon,finally,before,ago.yesterday 频度副词 often,always,usually,seldom,ever,never,sometimes,hardly 地点副词 here.there.everywhere,anywhere,in,out,inside,outside,down,back,home,upstairs 方式副词 carefully,properly,suddenly,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly 程度副词 much,little,very,rather.so.too,still,quite,perfectly,enough.completely,almost 疑问副词 how,when,where,why 连接副词 however,how,when,where,why,then 关系副词 when,where.why 眼踪训练2“· 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 1.( )(2023·徐州)Mum opened the door 4.( If you want to borrow books from the because she didn't want to wake up school library. forget your ID card. her baby. A.always B.never A.angrily B.loudly C.quickly D.quietly C.sometimes D.hardly 2.( )(2023·新疆)一If we don't go in the5.( )-Bill,I planned to give you the card right direction,we'll get lost on Saturday,but I forgot. -Certainly.The proper direction is like a -That's OK.I won't use it until next light in the dark. weekend. A.lately B.quietly A.completely B.recently C.easily D.differently C.quietly D.clearly 》47 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 中考在线 变式训练 3.( )(2023·营口)Hearing the19 th Asian6.( )Why does John act so Games would be held in Hangzhou,China,we Look,he's speaking faster,his face becomes could control our feeling of pride. redder and you can almost see fire in his eyes. A.really B.hardly A.happily B.angrily C.nearly D.clearly C.calmly D.sadly 命题点3形容词和副词的比较等级 在英语的形容词和副词中，表示“比较…”和“最…”这个概念时，要用特别的形式表示，称为比 较级和最高级。相对而言，原来的形式为原级。 形容词和副词在应用中有三个级别：原级、比较级和最高级。 在形容词和副词后加上“-er”表示“比较…”，加上“-est”表示“最…”。 1,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化方法 (1)规则变化 不同情况 变化规则 例词 一般情况 直接加-er,-est tall-taller-tallest small-smaller-smallest 以不发音的字母e 加-r,-st nice-nicer-nicest:large-larger-largest 结尾的词 以“辅膏字母十y”结 dry-drier-driest;happy-happier-happiest 变y为i,再加-er,-est 尾的词 heavy-heavier-heaviest;early-earlier-earliest 以一个辅音字母结 双写辅音字母，再加 thin-thinner-thinnest:big-bigger-biggest 尾的重读闭音节词 er,-est 多音节和部分双音节 在词前加more,most delicious-more delicious-most delicious 单词 (2)不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 巧记 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst 特殊形式比较级，共有三对二合一； many/much more most 坏病两多并两好，little意思不是小， little less least 一分为二有两个，一是老来二是远。 far farther/further farthest/furthest old older/elder oldest/eldest 》48● 第二部分基础语法考点精析 2.形容词和副词比较级的用法 级别 比较程度 表达方式和意义 例句 备注 Art is as interesting as music. 肯定 as十原级十as 艺术和音乐一样有趣。 形式 (A=B) Play as well as you can. as可以用于肯定 原 尽你的所能发挥好/玩好。 程 句和否定句，s0 English is not so difficult as science. 只用于否定句 否定 not+so/as十 英语没有科学难。 形式 原级十as(A<B) She does not study so well as I do. 她学习不如我。 Jim is a little older than Lucy. 不同程度 比较级十than(A> 吉姆比露西大一点儿。 (两者比较) B) I like pork better than beef. 常用来修饰形容 我喜欢猪肉胜过牛肉 词比较级的词：两 比较级+and十比 He is growing taller and taller. 多much/a lot:两 较级 他长得越来越高。 少a little/abit以 比较级 “越来越…” 表程度加深 The more books she reads,the 及far,even,still, The十比较级，the十 better she understands.地读的书 rather,three times 比较级 越多，她的理解力就越好。 等 “越…，就越” 两者中较为 the+比较级十of Lucy is the taller of the twin sisters. 突出的一个 the two 露西是双胞胎姐妹中较高的。 数量倍数十比较级十 Jack is three years older than Tom. 量化比较 than. 杰克比汤姆大3岁。 3.形容词和副词最高级的用法 (1)最高级前常用的修饰语：the(副词最 I like the song best,.我最喜欢这首歌曲。 高级前面的the往往省略) (2)the十最高级十of/in(三者及以上范 My mother is the busiest in my family. 国的) 妈妈是我们家里最忙的。 (3)the十序数词十最高级+名词十in/ The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. of十比较范国 黄河是中国第二长河。 (4)one of the十最高级十名词复数十 Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in China. inof十比较范围 深圳是中国最大的城市之一。 (5)This is the+最高级+名词(that)I This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited. have ever... 这是我所参观过的最漂亮的城市。 》49● 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 在英语表达中，根据不同情境的需要，同一句话可用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式表达。如： Jim is the tallest(boy)in our class..(最高级)Jim是我们班上最高的男孩。 -Jim is taller than any other boy in our class..(比较级)Jim比我们班上任何一个男孩都高。 =Jim is taller than the other boys in our class.(比较级)在我们班上Jim比其他的男孩都高。 =No one else in our class is as tall as Jim.(原级)我们班上没有人和Jim一样高。 眼踪练3· 【真·变相连】 中考在线 变式训练 )(2023·辽宁)-I have trouble with 4.( 1.( )-Do you enjoy Han Lei's songs? my English. -Yes.He is the winner of I'm a Singer II.I -John's English is the in our class. can't think of anyone with a voice. You can ask him for help. A.better B.best A.worst B.best C.fastest D.slowest C.more D.most 2.( )(2023·丹东)Jim can carry the heavy 5.( )-Do you know that Tom is one of box because he is much than the students in his class? others in his class. -Yes,I do.He's as as my brother. A.stronger B.thinner A.the tallest;taller B.tallest;taller C.smaller D.weaker C.the tallest:tall D.tallest:tall 3.( )(2022·思施)People in the rural areas 6.( )-How about the film last night? live a life with the care of the -Well,it's film I've ever seen.I government. nearly fell asleep in the cinema. A.happier and happier A.worst B.the worst B.poorer and poorer C.bad D.worse C.more and more happily D.more happy and more happy 2024·备考精练 ●用所给形容词、副词的适当形式填空 1.This story is not as (fun)as that one. 2.The more he eats, (fat)he will get. 3.Grandpa is sleeping.Please speak (quiet). 4.Li Lei doesn't study so (care)as his sister. 5.The short one is (expensive)of the five. e》50e 第二部分基础语法考点精析 6.Li Lei is running more and (slow)than Wang Wei. 7.He is getting more and (interested)in that game. 8.Food safety has become one of (hot)topics recently. 9.Of all the students,Mary did (careful)in the final exam. 10.Everyone knows that China is getting and ·(strong) 11.Which is used (wide)in the world,English.Chinese or French? 12.The light music sounded very (beautifully).I enjoyed every minute of it. 13.The relation between the two countries gets (bad).A war seems to break out soon. 14.A lot of young students from different countries go to France for their (far)study. 15.Alice sings well),and she sings well)than John,but Mary sings (well)in her class. @微语篇语法选择 Everyone is good at something,but some people are 1 talented.It's always 2 to watch other people show their talents.Talent shows are getting3.First,there were shows like American Idol and America's Got Talent. All these shows have one thing in common:They try to look for the best singers,the most talented dancers,the most exciting magicians,the funniest actors and so on.All kinds of people join these shows.But who can play the piano the best or sing 4 That's up to you to decide.When people watch the show,they usually play a role in deciding the winner.And the winner always gets a very 5 prize. However,not everybody enjoys watching these shows.Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.For example,some people who say they are poor farmers are in fact just actors.But if you don't take these shows too 6 they are fun to watch.And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true. ( )1.A.truth B.true C.truly ( )2.A.anxious B.interesting C.boring ( )3.A.most and most popular B.more popular and more C.more and more popular )4.A.most beautiful B.more beautifully C.the most beautifully )5.A.good B.better C.best )6.A.serious B.more seriously C.seriously ●)》51● 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） ©语法填空 (-) (2023.)There is a small thing we use every day.We usually put it in the bathroom. Without it,we might have tooth problems.Can you guess 1. itis？Yes,it'sthe toothbrush.But do you know anything about its history? According to some research,before toothbrushes 2. (appear),the ancient Chinese people had cleaned their teeth with some small tree branches ()About 800 years ago,people made a kind of brushes with pig hair and bamboo.It might be the world's 3. (early)form of toothbrushes.As time went 4. ,the forms of toothbrushes changed.For example,people chose horse-tail hair instead of pig hair 5. pig hair was too hard.Imagine that you travel back to 6. hundred)of years ago and brush your teeth 7. (comfortable).It sounds fantastic,doesn't it? Around the 15th century,8. Chinese toothbrush found its way into Europe.It became popular among local people soon.The 9. (invent)of toothbrushes was not as famous as that of paper-making.but it was very useful in daily life.Today we have a good habit of 10. (brush)teeth.We should thank the ancient Chinese for it. (二) (2022.)Many have heard of shark fin soup.This famous and expensive dish is (special)popular in southern China.But do you realize that you are killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark fin soup? When people catch sharks,they cut off their fins and throw the sharks back into the ocean.This is not only cruel,but also 2. (harm)to the environment.3. a fin,a shark can't swim any longer and slowly dies.Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean's ecosystem.If their numbers drop too low,it will bring danger to all ocean life.Many believe that sharks can never be 4. (danger)because they are 5. (strong)in their food chain.But in fact,around 70 million sharks 6. (catch)and traded in this industry every year.7. number of some kinds of sharks has fallen by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years. Environmental protection 8. (group)around the world are teaching the public about "finning".They have even asked governments 9. (develop)laws to stop the sale of shark fins.So far,no scientific studies 10. (show)that shark fins are good for health,so why eat them?Help save the sharks! 52英语·参考答案 参 考答案 第二部分 跟踪训练2 9.bought 基础语法考点精析 1.C2.B3.B4.D 5.D 6.B 10.g0e8 专题一名词 跟踪训练3 11.moves 1.D2.C3.B4.B5.A 6.A 12.is going to rain:rains 跟踪训练1 跟踪训练4 13.were taken 14.isn't allowed 1.A2.C3.B4.B5.B6.C L.D2.A3.B4.C5.B6.A 15.will be given 16.standing 跟踪训练2 1.C2.B3.B4.A5.C6.A 跟踪训练5 17.Feeling 18.to get 1.D2.A3.C4.C5.A6.C 19.to read:go 20.to help 跟踪训练3 1.A 2.China's 跟踪训练6 二、微语篇语法选择 1.B2.A3.B4.C5.A6.A 1-5 CBAAB 6-8 ACB 3.the twins':Tom and Jim's 跟踪训练7 三，语法填空 4.five minutes'ride (一) 5.C6.B 1.A2.C3.B4.C5.C6.A 跟踪训练4 跟踪训练8 1.was invented 2.is played 1.B2.D3.B4.B5.C 6.C 3.are called 1,the:the 2.Mother's 4.are placed 3.The Blacks 跟踪调练9 5.is called 6.develop 4.the Yangtze River L.A2.C3.C4.D5.D6.A 7.travelled 8.have played 5./6.the 跟踪训练10 9.has 10.will serve 1.B2.A3.B4.B5.C 6.A (二) 2024·备考精练 跟踪训练11 1.to look 2.t0g0 一、用名词的适当形式填空 1.C2.A3.C4.B5.C6.B 3.looking 4.was born 1.Children's 2.Jack's 跟踪训练12 5.has been 6.was eating 3.brother's 4.knives 1.D2.C3.D4.B5.D6.A 7.later 8.worst 5.minutes 6.discussion 跟踪调练13 9.angrily 10.be punished 7.doctor's 1.A2.C3.B4,B5.D 6.B 专题三形容词和副词 8.women teachers 跟踪训练14 跟踪训练1 9.Germans 10.Japanese 1.D2.C3.C4.B5.A6.B 1.C2.C3.B4.A5.A6.C 11.expressions 12.winner's 跟踪训练15 跟踪训练2 13.buildings 14.advice 1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.B 1.D2.C3.B4.B5.A6.B 15.education 跟踪训练16 跟踪训练3 二、微语篇语法选择 1.D2.B3.B4.A5.D6.A 1-5 CACAA 6-8 BCD 1.B2.A3.A4.A5.C6.B 跟踪训练17 三，语法填空 2024·备考精练 1,D2.A3.C4.A5.B6.C (一) 一、用所给形容词、副词的适当形式 1.But 跟踪训练18 2.has opened 填空 1.B2.B3.B4.D5.A 6.C 3.are guided 4.growing 1.funny 2.the fatter 跟踪训练19 5.children's 6.H 3.quietly 4.carefully 1.D2.C3.B4.C5.D6.A 7.deeper 8.in 5.the most expensive 跟踪训练20 9.widely 10.their 6.more slowly (二) 1.A2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B 7.more interested 1.homeless 跟踪训练21 2.that 8.the hottest 1.D2.D3.B4.C5.C 6.D 3.the 4.classmates 9.the most carefully 5.started 6.teacher's 2024·备考精练 10.stronger:stronger 7.more excited 8.quickly 一，用所给动词的适当形式填空 11.most widely 12.beautiful 9.with 10.to lend 1.believe 2.to open 13.worse 14,further 专题二动词 3.succeeded 4.suggest 15.well:better:(the)best 跟踪训练1 5.may 6.can't 二、微语篇语法选择 1.A2.B3.A4.D5.C6.B 7.must have t o 8.has gone 1-6 CBCCAC 新课标中考宝典·英语（深圳专用版） 三，语法填空 6.B 2024·备考精练 (一) 跟踪训练2 一，用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.what 2.appeared 1.C2.C3.D 4.A 5.their 1.thirds 2.thirties 3.earliest 4.by 6.B 3.the first 4.twelfth 5.because 6.hundreds 跟踪训练3 5.eight 6.ninth 7.comfortably 8.the 1.C2.B3.A4.C5.A6.D 7.fourths 8.fifth 9.invention 10.brushing 跟踪训练4 (二) 9.once 10.forties 1.B2.A3.C4.C5.A6.A 1.especially 2.harmful 11.thousands 12.hundred 跟踪训练5 3.Without 4.endangered 13.third 14.twice:three 1.D2.A3.B 4.D5.C6.D 5.the strongest 6.are caught 二、微语篇语法选择 7.The 跟踪训练6 8.groups 1-5 ACABB 6-8 CAC 9.to develop 10.have shown 1.B2.B3.C4.B5.D6,B 三、语法填空 专题四 冠词 跟踪训练7 (一) 跟踪训练1 1.A2.A3.A4.A5.D 1.elephants 2.the 1.B2.A3.B 4.A5.B6.B 6.Whose 3.was 4.Why 跟踪训练2 2024·备考精练 5.scared 6.thought 1.C2.C3.D 4.C5.B6.B 7.to protect 8.at 一、用括号内适当的代词填空 跟踪训练3 9.quickly 10.themn 1.these:they 2.theirs 1.D2.B3.C4.A5.C (二) 3.it 4.Which 6.the: 1.first 2.Thousands 5.t 6.yourselves 2024·备考精练 3.raised 4.to fix 7.her 8.it:its 5.If 6.minutes' 一、用适当的冠词填空，不定冠词 9.themselves 10.theirs 用/表示 7.internationally 8.has passed 11.yourselves 12.her 1./ 2.a:The 9.worse 10.am fighting 13.that 14.Their:them 3.an:a 4.a:the 专题七介词 二、微语篇语法选择 5.A:/ 6.8:a 跟踪训练1 1-5 BCCAC 6-8 ACC 7.a 8.an 1.B2.C3.A4.B5.A6.B 9.the 10.the 三，语法填空 跟踪训练2 11.The:/ 12.a:/ (-） 1.B2.C3.B4.B5.A6.C 13./:/ 14.n:a 1.proudly 2.has attracted 跟踪训练3 15.an 3.in 4.interest 1.D2.C3.C4.B5.B6.C 二，微语篇语法选择 5.first 6.me 跟踪训练4 1-7 CACBACA 7.When 8.a 1.B2.C3.D4.C 三，语法填空 9.has 10.to show 跟踪训练5 (-) (二) 1.B2.B3.B 4.C 1.artists 1.an 2.is 跟踪训练6 2.was encouraged 3.western 4.traditional 1.D2.A3.C 4.B5.A6.A 3.to learn 4.traditional 5.0m 6.luck 5.With 6.began 2024·备考精练 7.is named 7.that 8.Finally 一、用适当的介词填空 8.has developed 9.better 10,8 1.for 2.like 9.meaning 10.forms (二) 3.to 4.with 1.really 2.fourth 专题六 数词 5.at 6.with 3.was used 4.cheapest 跟踪训练1 7.at 8.of 5.traditional 6.began 1.D2.C3.A4.C5.D6.C 9.0m 10.with 7.what 8.from 跟踪训练2 11.on 12.with among 9.centuries 10.to develop 1.C2.C3.A4.B5,D6.C 13.from 14.across 专题五代词 跟踪训练3 15.of:for 跟踪训练1 1.B2.D3.B4.B5.A6.C 二、微语篇语法选择 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.you:it 1-5 AABBB 6-8 CBA