精品解析：江苏省南京市，盐城六校联合体学校2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

2023-2024学年第二学期六校联合体期末调研测试 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the woman satisfied with about her dormitory most? A. Its space. B. Its price. C. Its location. 2. What relation is the man to the woman? A. Her teacher. B. Her client. C. Her boss. 3. Whose pencil is the girl advised to use? A. Tom’s. B. Tim’s. C. Jane’s. 4. How will the speakers go to Mary’s house? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 5. What does the woman imply about Brian? A. He hasn’t paid back her money. B. He bought a new pair of sneakers. C. He always borrows money from her. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A At an office. B. At a clothes store. C. At a Lost and Found Office. 7. What will the man do next? A. Talk with his colleague. B. Try on the trousers. C. Go to the cinema. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Steve say about King Team? A They won the match. B. They didn’t score a goal. C. They played very well. 9. When did Mike hurt his foot? A. Ten minutes after the match began. B. Twenty minutes after the match began. C. Five minutes before the match ended. 10. Who did Steve watch the match with? A. His sister. B. His brother. C. His father. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Jenny do on Saturday afternoon? A. She went to a park. B. She cleaned the yard. C. She worked on the farm. 12. How did Jack feel about the Space World? A. Excited. B. Scared. C. Bored. 13. Where is Jenny going? A. Her house. B. A library. C. A classroom. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What has the woman been researching about? A. Medicine for an illness. B. Some new inventions this year. C. Ways people used to keep food safe to eat. 15. Which method does the woman think is the oldest? A. Smoking food. B. Salting food. C. Drying food. 16. When did the first commercial canning appear on the market? A. Around 1910. B. Around 1810. C. Around 1710. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What are animal spies according to the talk? A. Robots. B. Human beings. C. Real animals. 18. How many animal spies took part in making the documentary? A. 34. B. 40. C. 180. 19. What did the team do to make the documentary? A. They worked for five years to make it. B. They filmed 1,250 hours of material to make it. C. They even traveled to the Antarctic to get material. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A What animals’ life is like in the wild. B. How people filmed an animal documentary. C. Where people go to make videos about animals. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Copenhagen is an ideal destination for food-loving travellers, but there are many gastronomic (美食的) adventures that await visitors outside this capital city of Denmark. Here are some experiences in the capital and beyond. Enjoy a Baltic beach relaxation in Bornholm Beloved by Danes for its sandy beaches and fishing harbours, the island of Bornholm is distinguished by more sunshine time than anywhere else in the country. It’s an attractive dining destination, with traditional smokehouses offering local delicacies. But it’s Kadeau, a restaurant, that really puts Bornholm on the food map. Have some street food in Copenhagen Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen. Found in the former industrial site of Refshaleøen, this street food market is an exciting hangout with a rainbow of cuisines from Thai to Kurdish. Just across a river, Torvehallerne is the place for a bite. Further south, BaneGaarden is hidden in leafy railway sidings at Vesterbro, and offers soul food from the Deep South of the US. Take a getaway at a castle in Zealand On the island, one of Denmark’s oldest castles overlooks the scenic northwest coast. The beautiful 13th-century Dragsholm Slot is now a luxury hotel with one of the most well-known restaurants in Zealand — Dragsholm Slot Gourmet. It holds a Michelin star, led by chef Jeppe Foldager who serves seasonal cuisine with materials farmed and hunted from the surrounding fields, forests and sea. For a less pricey meal, the castle has the farm-to-table Bistro and casual Madhus, where visitors can enjoy drinks, snacks and light meals. 1. What makes Bornholm unique in Denmark? A. The longer sunshine hours. B. The traditional Dane foods. C. The attractive smokehouses. D. The beautiful seaside scenery. 2. Which place offers worldwide food options? A. Kadeau. B. Reffen. C. Torvehallerne. D. BaneGaarden. 3. What do we know about Dragsholm Slot Gourmet? A. It was once a castle. B. It features light meals. C. It offers locally grown food. D. It is famous in Denmark. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了丹麦哥本哈根及周边地区的美食体验，包括在Bornholm岛的海滩放松、在哥本哈根品尝街头美食，以及在西兰岛的城堡享受美食度假。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Beloved by Danes for its sandy beaches and fishing harbours, the island of Bornholm is distinguished by more sunshine time than anywhere else in the country.(博恩霍尔姆岛因其沙滩和渔港而受到丹麦人的喜爱，它的日照时间比丹麦其他任何地方都要多)”可知，Bornholm有更长的光照。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen.(在瑞芬享受来自世界各地的风味)”可知，这里提供全球美食。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“For a less pricey meal, the castle has the farm-to-table Bistro and casual Madhus, where visitors can enjoy drinks, snacks and light meals.(如果想要便宜一点的餐点，城堡里还有从农场到餐桌的小酒馆和休闲餐厅Madhus，游客可以在那里享用饮料、小吃和便餐)”可知，Dragsholm Slot Gourmet提供当地农场种植的食物。故选C。 B One Saturday in December, Annacarin Elf, the head of operations at Gothenburg City Library, just happened to walk by her workplace. Noticing that the door was open, she entered the library, and was astonished to see the heartwarming scene that people were using it like on a regular day. It was scheduled to be closed for the New Year holiday. The people in the library behaved as usual. Many were sitting reading newspapers, some families were in the children's section and others were searching for books on the computer. It seemed that Elf's colleagues had simply forgotten to lock the door, and because this popular library is usually open on Saturdays. visitors just assumed they could walk in. Elf called to check with her staff team, before announcing to the people present that the library was about to close. Then she expressed her regret for what had been done wrong and caused them a problem. It later turns out that 446 locals visited the city library borrowing a total of 246 books during the day. What's remarkable is that people checked out their books through the library's electronic self-service system, and that to date, all the books have been returned! Many Swedes have reacted positively to this uplifting demonstration of local respect for the library, a center that can be seen as a sign of the community, and what the locals did has strengthened their sense of belonging in their community. Elf says, “Nothing was destroyed. It's amazing that Gothenburgers entered an empty library and treated and so lovingly.” The city leader has even suggested that this unusual Saturday serve as an accidental experiment to analyse the possibility of operating a totally automated library without staff. 4. Why did Elf feel surprised after entering the library? A. The library staff were in it. B. People kept reading on holidays. C. People came in without permission. D. It was used though supposed to be closed. 5. What did Elf do that Saturday? A. She left the library open. B. She asked the staff back. C. She apologized to the visitors. D. She read books in the library. 6. What do many Swedes think of the behavior of Gothenburg locals? A. It displays community spirit. B. It gives the library much uplift. C. It is a positive reaction to society. D. It strengthens trust between people. 7. What does the author want to convey through the story? A. People tend to show care for others. B. Life is always full of the unexpected. C. Libraries can be automated sometimes. D. A library can bring out the best in people. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在瑞典哥德堡市的一个图书馆，虽然图书馆在新年假期应该关闭，但是由于工作人员忘记锁门，市民们仍然像平常一样使用图书馆，而且他们都通过图书馆的电子自助系统借阅了书籍，所有的书都已经归还。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Noticing that the door was open, she entered the library, and was astonished to see the heartwarming scene that people were using it like on a regular day. ”（她注意到门是开着的，她走进图书馆，惊讶地看到人们像平常一样在使用图书馆。）以及第二段“It was scheduled to be closed for the New Year holiday.”（图书馆原本应该在新年假期关闭）可知，Elf感到惊讶的原因是图书馆虽然应该关闭，但是仍然被使用。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Then she expressed her regret for what had been done wrong and caused them a problem.”（然后她对所做的错误和给他们带来的问题表示遗憾。）可知，Elf向访客道歉。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Many Swedes have reacted positively to this uplifting demonstration of local respect for the library, a center that can be seen as a sign of the community, and what the locals did has strengthened their sense of belonging in their community.”（许多瑞典人对这种对图书馆的尊重的积极示范做出了积极的反应，这个中心可以被看作是社区的标志，而当地人的行为加强了他们对社区的归属感。）可知，许多瑞典人认为哥德堡当地人的行为展示了社区精神。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，讲述了在瑞典哥德堡市的一个图书馆，虽然图书馆在新年假期应该关闭，但是由于工作人员忘记锁门，市民们仍然像平常一样使用图书馆，而且他们都通过图书馆的电子自助系统借阅了书籍，所有的书都已经归还。作者通过这个故事想要传达的是图书馆可以激发人们最好的一面。故选D。 C Looking up at the sky during early spring, you may see groups of birds moving as they migrate (迁徙) north. But how do these creatures fly in such a cooperative and seemingly effortless fashion? “The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学),” reports a team of scientists from New York University(NYU)in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group—benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones. To mimic (模仿) the flying patterns of birds in which they line up one directly behind the other, the researchers created mechanized wings. They were 3D-printed from plastic and driven by motors to move in water, which showed how air flows around bird wings and how they interact during flight. For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. For larger groups, however, these flying interactions cause later members to be thrown out of position, causing a breakdown of the flying patterns due to crashes among members. The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction—a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together, explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University. “This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,” explains Leif Ristroph. “Our work may also have applications in transportation—like efficient speeding through air or water—and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.” 8. What is the major focus of the NYU researchers’ study on birds? A. The migration patterns of birds. B. The flying routes in early spring. C. The benefits of smaller bird grouping. D. The aerodynamic effects on bird groups. 9. How do flying interactions affect smaller groups of birds? A. They lead to a breakdown. B. They disturb the formation. C. They help each member in position. D. They cause crashes among members. 10. Why does the author mention “springs” in paragraph 4? A. To make a contrast. B. To explain a principle. C. To put forward a theory. D. To present new evidence. 11. According to Leif Ristroph, what might be a potential application of this research? A. Relieving public traffic jams. B. Improving harvest of solar energy. C. Changing migration routes of birds. D. Decreasing air resistance of planes. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员通过对鸟类飞行模式的研究，发现空气动力学的影响取决于飞行群体的规模——对小群体有利，对大群体不利。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段““The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学),” reports a team of scientists from New York University(NYU)in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group—benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones.(“答案在于空气动力学，”纽约大学(NYU)的一组科学家在一项新发表的研究中报告说。他们还发现，空气动力学的影响取决于飞行群体的规模——对小群体有利，对大群体不利)”可知，纽约大学研究人员对鸟类的研究重点是对鸟类种群的空气动力学影响。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. (对于较小的群体，研究人员发现了一种效应，通过这种效应，每个成员都可以从空气动力学中获得帮助，从而保持相对于邻居的位置)”可知，飞行相互作用通过帮助每个成员就位影响较小的鸟类群体，故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction—a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together, explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University.(然后，研究人员使用数学模型来更好地理解潜在的力量。这表明相邻分子之间的相互作用是类似弹簧的力。然而，这些“弹簧”只在一个方向上起作用——领头的鸟可以对它的追随者施加力，而不是相反。纽约大学副教授雷夫·里斯特洛夫解释说：“这种类似弹簧的力量使成员前后移动，然后在群体中传播并增加强度，导致后来的成员撞在一起。”)”可知，作者在第4段提到“springs”是为了解释一个原理。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Our work may also have applications in transportation—like efficient speeding through air or water—and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.(我们的工作也可以应用于交通运输，比如在空气或水中的高效加速，以及能源，比如更有效地从风或海浪中收集能量)”可知，根据Leif Ristroph的说法，这项研究的潜在应用是减小飞机的空气阻力。故选D。 D A colleague recently sent me an article, Cutting back on waste is possible — if you can afford it, to read. It argued that reducing waste-food related, in particular — is an expensive effort and a near impossibility for anyone working low-wage jobs with little extra time. The conclusion ? Zero waste is something only suitable for people who can afford, not for those who are struggling to get by. However, I take issue with the idea that zero waste must be all or nothing. I think this is an unfortunate mentality that prevents valuable progress toward reducing one’s food-related waste. When we get too hung up on the idea of so-called zero waste and of being like the zero waste superstar Bea Johnson who can fit years of trash in a single jar, we start missing the broader point. The goal, after all, is to make smarter shopping decisions and establish practices that are sustainable (可持续的) for us, with our own unique resources and living situations. I live in a small rural town with no fancy zero-waste stores. My husband and I both work full-time. I am uninterested in spending my free time doing DIY projects and driving from store to store in search of perfect packaging. Instead, I just do the best I can. When I first read about Bea Johnson’s multi-stop grocery shopping routine, I tried to copy it. That lasted a few weeks before I gave up. Unlike her, I still had babies to look after, and I did not live in San Francisco where stores are closer together than in rural Ontario, Instead, I’ve resigned myself to the supermarket being the main supply of food and trying to work with it. Now, when I enter the supermarket on a once-weekly basis, I view all packaging through a critical eye. I make constant comparisons between how one brand packages its food to another. That is the main factor in deciding what to buy, though I also consider the unit price, the origin and the ingredients. 12. What is the idea of the article recommended by the author’s colleague? A. Most people can afford zero waste. B. Food-related waste is unavoidable. C. Cutting down on waste costs much. D. The poor care little about food waste. 13. How does the author understand the concept of zero waste? A. It is related to recycling our resources. B. It prevents people from reducing waste. C. It means fitting your trash in a single jar. D. It encourages reasonable green practices. 14. Why did the author fail to follow Bea Johnson? A. Her living situations differed from hers. B. She hardly knew about food packaging. C. She didn’t receive her husband’s support. D. Her love for shopping was deeply rooted. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A. Live in a Small Town for a Zero-waste Life B. Forget Zero Waste and Be Better Shoppers C. Take Advantage of Local Zero-waste Shops D. Stop Wasting and Build a Greener Society 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者的同事向她推荐一篇文章，文章阐述的大致观点是“零垃圾”是需要付出高额代价的。而作者认为我们应该忘记“零垃圾”这个概念，只要量力而行地践行绿色消费理念就可以避免一定的浪费。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It argued that reducing waste—food-related，in particular—is an expensive effort and a near impossibility for anyone working low-wage jobs with little extra time.”(尤其是减少与食品相关的浪费是一项昂贵的工作，对于任何一个在几乎没有额外时间的情况下从事低薪工作的人来说，这几乎是不可能的)及“Zero waste is something only suitable for people who can afford, not for those who are struggling to make a living.”(零浪费只适用于有能力负担的人，而不适用于那些努力谋生的人）可知，作者的同事推荐的那本书里提到的观点是减少废物的代价很大。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The goal, after all, is to make smarter shopping decisions and establish practices that are sustainable(可持续的)for us, with our own unique resources and living situations. (毕竟，我们的目标是根据自己独特的资源和生活环境，做出更明智的购物决定，并建立起对我们来说是可持续的做法。) ”可推断，在作者看来，“零垃圾”概念鼓励合理的绿色行为。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“That lasted a few weeks before I gave up. Unlike her, I still had babies to look after, and I did not live in San Francisco where stores are closer together than in rural Ontario. (在我放弃之前，这持续了几个星期。不像她，我还有孩子照看，我也没有住在旧金山，那里的商店比安大略省的乡下更近。)”可知，作者没能成功效仿Bea Johnson的“零垃圾”生活方式是因为作者的生活状况和Bea Johnson的生活状况不同。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要阐述作者对“零垃圾”这个概念的理解，作者认为我们不应该被“零垃圾”这个概念捆绑，而应该根据自己的实际情况践行绿色消费理念，从而减少废物产生。因此，Forget Zero Waste and Be Better Shoppers(忘记零浪费，做更好的购物者)最适合作文章标题。故选B项。 第二节 七选五 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Peking opera is seen as a national treasure in China. However, due to today’s rapid social changes, the art form is becoming more and more isolated, especially from younger generations. Peking opera actress Dong Yuanyuan proposed integrating the art of Peking opera with digital technology to vie (争夺) for more young audience. ____16____ In November 2021, the Digital Mei Lanfang project was launched in Beijing. The late Mei Lanfang (1894 —1961) was famous for creating and acting in numerous renowned Peking opera plays. ____17____ “I got very excited and emotional when I saw that Master Mei was ‘really talking’ to us on stage,” Dong said. In 2022, a Peking opera film was also shot with the virtual techniques. This has provided a very different experience for opera-lovers and aroused the interest of some young people. ____18____ In addition, more flexible means should be adopted to promote Peking opera. Dong suggests that traditional artistic elements, such as tunes from Peking opera, could also be used in pop songs in an ancient Chinese style. ____19____ They have not only helped audience familiarize with Peking opera, but also popularized the art form in a way easily accepted by young people. A digital human is a human being that exists in the digital world. It is created by making digital copies of the movements of the target and then accurately reconstructing the figure in the digital world. ____20____ When making the digital image of Master Mei, it was very difficult to imitate his facial expressions and voice as well as the materials his costumes were made out of since they had been lost to time. So there is still a long way to go before a digital Peking opera human with real-time interaction capability is created. A. The result was very satisfying. B. The popularity of digital technology is obvious. C. However, there are many obstacles to overcome. D. There is no doubt that young people like pop music most. E. This might be one of the most effective ways to solve the problem. F. Now, digital technology made him appear before the audience again. G. So far, a dozen such songs have been very well-received by young people. 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. A 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了通过数字技术传承传统京剧文化的种种方法，这些途径取得的成效以及实施过程中遭遇的困难。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Peking opera is seen as a national treasure in China. However, due to today’s rapid social changes, the art form is becoming more and more isolated, especially from younger generations. Peking opera actress Dong Yuanyuan proposed integrating the art of Peking opera with digital technology to vie (争夺) for more young audience.(京剧在中国被视为国宝。然而，由于当今社会的快速变化，这种艺术形式正变得越来越孤立，尤其是与年轻一代隔绝。京剧演员董圆圆建议将京剧艺术与数字技术相结合，以吸引更多的年轻观众)”可知，本句位于第一段段末，且E选项中的“this”代指原文中的“integrating the art of Peking opera with digital technology”置于第一段段末与上文衔接自然。E选项“这可能是解决这一问题最有效的方法之一”符合语境。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The late Mei Lanfang (1894—1961) was famous for creating and acting in numerous renowned Peking opera plays.(已故的梅兰芳(1894-1961)因创作和出演了许多著名的京剧而闻名)”以及后文““I got very excited and emotional when I saw that Master Mei was ‘really talking’ to us on stage,” Dong said.(董圆圆说：“当我看到梅大师在舞台上和我们‘真正地交谈’时，我感到非常兴奋和激动。”)”可知，本句主要提出梅兰芳是如何再次出现的，故F选项“现在，数字技术让他再次出现在观众面前”符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 根据上文“In 2022, a Peking opera film was also shot with the virtual techniques. This has provided a very different experience for opera-lovers and aroused the interest of some young people.(2022年，一部京剧电影也采用虚拟技术拍摄。这为京剧爱好者提供了一种非常不同的体验，也引起了一些年轻人的兴趣)”可知，由虚拟现实技术制作的京剧电影获得了巨大成功，故A选项“结果很令人满意”符合语境。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“In addition, more flexible means should be adopted to promote Peking opera. Dong suggests that traditional artistic elements, such as tunes from Peking opera, could also be used in pop songs in an ancient Chinese style.(此外，应该采取更灵活的方式来推广京剧。董圆圆建议，传统的艺术元素，比如京剧的曲调，也可以用在中国古代风格的流行歌曲中)”可知京剧的曲调也可以用在中国古代风格的流行歌曲中，再结合后文“They have not only helped audience familiarize with Peking opera, but also popularized the art form in a way easily accepted by young people.(它们不仅帮助观众熟悉京剧，而且以一种容易被年轻人接受的方式推广了这一艺术形式)”可知，本句主要说明后文提到的帮助观众熟悉京剧的事物（与歌曲相关），下文中“They ”指代的是G选项中的“a dozen such songs”，而G选项中的“a dozen such songs”指的是上文提到的“pop songs that used traditional artistic elements, such as tunes from Peking opera, in an ancient Chinese style”，故G选项“到目前为止，已经有十几首这样的歌曲深受年轻人的欢迎”置于此处前后衔接自然。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据下文“When making the digital image of Master Mei, it was very difficult to imitate his facial expressions and voice as well as the materials his costumes were made out of since they had been lost to time. (在制作梅大师的数字形象时，由于他的面部表情和声音以及他的服装材料都已失传，很难模仿)”可知下文主要叙述了制作梅兰芳数字形象过程中遇到的种种困难，而上文“A digital human is a human being that exists in the digital world. It is created by making digital copies of the movements of the target and then accurately reconstructing the figure in the digital world.(数字人是指存在于数字世界中的人。它是通过对目标的运动进行数字复制，然后在数字世界中精确地重建人物形象而创建的)”主要介绍了制作数字形象的方法，可知此处表示转折，C选项“然而，有许多障碍需要克服”符合语境。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only ____21____ branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds ____22____ down a cold, bone-chilling rain. My mood ____23____ the day. The older I got, the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the ____24____ and reading my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get ____25____ driving on dark roads, and feeling the cold wind ____26____ my face like a slap. I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of ____27____ settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog ____28____ onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and ____29____ that I laughed and petted her. I _____30_____ she often mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head _____31_____ she too broke into a happy smile. I snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky. The little dog _____32_____ me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a _____33_____ of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our _____34_____. My little pup showed me once again that life is _____35_____ what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days. 21. A. rough B. bare C. dead D. thick 22. A. throwing B. going C. falling D. breaking 23. A. influenced B. attacked C. matched D. lifted 24. A. wall B. river C. snow D. stove 25. A. warmer B. longer C. shorter D. colder 26. A. over B. against C. beneath D. towards 27. A. happiness B. panic C. curiosity D. depression 28. A. jumped up B. held up C. took up D. lifted up 29. A. exhausted B. doubtful C. disappointed D. miserable 30. A. disapproved B. challenged C. complained D. acknowledged 31. A. while B. unless C. until D. after 32. A. reminded B. persuaded C. warned D. stimulated 33. A. temperature B. reflection C. recovery D. shape 34. A. hope B. mood C. anger D. joy 35. A. rarely B. possibly C. partially D. truly 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己和狗狗的在一个冬天的经历，体会到生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的快乐、爱和光明。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：树上的叶子大多落了，只剩下光秃秃的树枝在周围的群山中摇曳。A. rough粗糙的；B. bare光秃秃的；C. dead死的；D. thick厚的。根据上文“Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees”可知，叶子都掉落了，所以是光秃秃的。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，乌云密布，下着刺骨的冷雨。A. throwing投；B. going去；C. falling降落；D. breaking打破，折断。根据下文“down a cold, bone-chilling rain”可知，下着刺骨的冷雨。固定搭配throw down rain“下雨”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情与天气相符。A. influenced影响；B. attacked袭击；C. matched匹配；D. lifted提起，举起。根据下文“I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of 　7　　 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring.”可知，作者的心情与阴沉的天气相符。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗蜷缩在火炉旁，读我最喜欢的书。A. wall墙；B. river河流；C. snow雪；D. stove炉子。根据下文“reading my favorite books.”可知，是在温暖的炉火旁，享受着读书的快乐。故选D项。 25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. warmer温暖的；B. longer较长的；C. shorter较短的；D. colder较冷的。根据下文“on dark roads”可知，白天越来越短。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. over悬在……上面；B. against迎着；C. beneath在……下方；D. towards朝向。根据下文“like a slap”可知，冷风打在作者的脸上。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种沮丧的感觉笼罩着我的精神，我希望我能钻进被窝，睡到春天。A. happiness快乐；B. panic恐慌；C. curiosity好奇；D. depression沮丧。根据上文“I sighed and lay down on my bed”可知，作者是沮丧的。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她湿漉漉的大眼睛看着我。A. jumped up跳起来；B. held up支撑；C. took up从事；D. lifted up提升。根据下文“onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看起来那么悲伤和痛苦，我笑着抚摸着她。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“so sad”可知，看起来那么悲伤和痛苦。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认她经常反映我的心情。A. disapproved不同意；B. challenged挑战；C. complained抱怨；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，这是作者承认的内容。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，继续抚摸着她的头，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A. while然而；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. after之后。根据句意可知，本句为until引导的时间状语从句。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。A. reminded提醒；B. persuaded说服；C. warned警告；D. stimulated刺激。根据上文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们既可以成为光明的反射，也可以成为黑暗的阴影。A. temperature温度；B. reflection反射；C. recovery恢复；D. shape形状。根据常识及下文“of light or a shadow of darkness”可知，光具有反射性，这里指我们可以是光明的反射，即传递光明和正能量。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给世界善意，也可以给世界愤怒。A. hope希望；B. mood心情；C. anger愤怒；D. joy快乐。根据上文“kindness”可知，与善意相对是愤怒。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的小狗再一次告诉我，生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A. rarely稀少地；B. possibly可能地；C. partially不完全地；D. truly真正地。根据下文“we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days”可知，生活真的是我们自己创造的。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s National Ecology Day promotes the belief ____36____“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, reflecting the country’s devotion to ecological progress. This concept has evolved into a common belief____37____Chinese citizens, driving green, circular(循环), and low-carbon development across regions and authorities. To achieve this, China is implementing(执行) a ____38____(comprehend) conservation strategy,____39____(accelerate) energy conservation, carbon reduction, waste recycling and promoting high-quality, green development. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is leading____40____planning and development of a new energy system, along with policies for green economic growth and resource allocation. China has also taken a leading role in global environmental governance, promising to peak carbon emissions by 2030____41____achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. The positive impact of these efforts is evident in places like Zhuangshang Village, ____42____foreigners like Mehraz Karami from Iran are drawn to the clean environment. China’s success in green growth____43____(gain) international recognition, serving as a model for other countries, including Kazakhstan. Erik Solheim, former head of the United Nations Environment Programme,____44____(praise) China’s transformation from a polluting economy to a global leader in green development, and China’s constant _____45_____(commit) to sustainability inspires others to follow suit. 【答案】36. that 37. among 38. comprehensive 39. accelerating 40. the 41. and 42. where 43. has gained 44. praised 45. commitment 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的国家生态日倡导“绿水青山是无价之宝”的理念不仅对本国的环境改变做出了贡献还给世界其他国家树立了榜样。 【36题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：中国的国家生态日倡导“绿水青山是无价之宝”的理念，体现了中国对生态文明建设的重视。空格处引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容，引导词在从句中只起到连接作用，不作成分，应用连接词that引导从句。故填that。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一理念已成为中国公民的共同信念，推动了各地区和各部门的绿色、循环、低碳发展。根据空格后的名词及句意“在……之间”可知，空格处应用介词among。故填among。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：为此，中国正在实施综合节能战略，加快节能减排、废物回收利用，推动高质量绿色发展。根据空格后的名词strategy可知，空格处应填形容词作定语，根据句意“全面的”是comprehensive。故填comprehensive。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为此，中国正在实施综合节能战略，加快节能减排、废物回收利用，推动高质量绿色发展。is作谓语，空格处作状语，主语China和动词accelerate之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填accelerating。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：国家发展和改革委员会正在领导新能源体系的规划和发展，以及绿色经济增长和资源配置的政策。根据名词后的定语of a new energy system可知，空格处应填定冠词the表示特指。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国还在全球环境治理中发挥了主导作用，承诺到2030年实现碳排放峰值，到2060年实现碳中和。短语peak carbon emissions by 2030和achieve carbon neutrality by 2060为并列结构，应用连词and表示这种关系。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些努力的积极影响在庄上村这样的地方很明显，在那里，像伊朗的迈赫拉兹·卡拉米这样的外国人被清洁的环境所吸引。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Zhuangshang Village，在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。故填where。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：中国在绿色增长方面的成功获得了国际认可，为包括哈萨克斯坦在内的其他国家树立了榜样。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用现在完成时，主语China’s success in green growth为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has gained。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：联合国环境规划署前署长埃里克•索尔海姆赞扬了中国从一个污染型经济体向全球绿色发展领导者的转变，中国对可持续发展的持续承诺激励着其他国家效仿。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般过去时。故填praised。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：联合国环境规划署前署长埃里克•索尔海姆赞扬了中国从一个污染型经济体向全球绿色发展领导者的转变，中国对可持续发展的持续承诺激励着其他国家效仿。根据空格前的形容词constant可知，空格处应填名词作主语，根据句意“承诺”是commitment，为可数名词，此处为名词的单数形式。故填commitment。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括： 1. 劳动过程； 2. 劳动感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ryan, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope to hear from you soon. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Ryan, I am writing to share with you a recent experience I had with housework. One morning, I woke up to the realization that my room was in a complete mess. Determined to tidy up, I immediately sprang into action. I began by throwing away garbage and unnecessary items, and then proceeded to neatly arrange the books that were scattered across my sofa, floor, and desk back onto the bookshelf. It was quite a laborious process, but the end result was truly satisfying. Not only did my room look sparkling clean, but I also felt a sense of accomplishment and pride in my hard work. I hope to hear from you soon. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生给外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享最近的一次家务劳动经历，需叙述劳动的过程，描述劳动的感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 清理：tidy up→clear up, clean up 迅速采取行动：spring into action→jump into action, swing into action 辛苦的：laborious→hard, arduous 令人满意的：satisfying→satisfactory, fulfilling 成就：accomplishment→achievement, attainment 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It was quite a laborious process, but the end result was truly satisfying. 拓展句：Even though it was quite a laborious process, the end result was truly satisfying. 【点睛】[高分句型1] One morning, I woke up to the realization that my room was in a complete mess. (运用了that引导同位语从句) [高分句型2] I began by throwing away garbage and unnecessary items, and then proceeded to neatly arrange the books that were scattered across my sofa, floor, and desk back onto the bookshelf. (运用了that引导限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My iPhone was missing. One day, it was glued to my palm, and the next…poof! It was gone. I took all the necessary steps to find my phone. I checked jacket pockets, searched our apartment, and I stopped back into Whole Foods and gym. Desperately, I called and texted the phone, and I downloaded a phone-finder app. Bad luck. It was gone. I was reflecting on what it would mean not to have a smart phone—maybe not forever, but possibly for longer than a couple of days. As I heard my husband about to bind me into another two-year contract, I found myself screaming, “No!” I decided to conduct a social experiment. I would not use a smart phone for thirty days. I knew that once I had a replacement in hand, it would not be so easy to get rid of the screen. Early on, I reached for a phantom (虚幻的) phone more times than I can count. Finally, to have something for my hands to do, I bought a book that had been recommended by more than one friend. I wasn’t able to take photos. This was a loss for me. My Instagram was typically updated every week or so, and I used the camera feature to record places I wanted to revisit, items for my shopping list, and the behaviors of my four children. As an enthusiastic user of the iPhone notepad feature, I ended up buying a physical notebook, which led to more meaningful note taking. I had more time to truly listen. I had been programmed to ignore everything except what was directly in front of me on the fascinating screen. Without the distraction, I was more present. More sleep, less activity…the thirty-day break was a complete reset on the basics. It also left me with a heightened awareness of how carelessly I had been managing adult life. Getting away from the phone, I opened up to a new way of being. Finally, I managed to stop the constant rush of doing things. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I began to return to the life that I had abandoned years ago. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon after the experiment, a new iPhone arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 I began to return to the life that I had abandoned years ago. I wrote a few press releases about the future life I would lead, and I composed a document that outlined our family values. I began to cook incredibly delicious desserts. I didn’t know I could do this. I began creating more with my hands—beautiful pieces of jewelry and paintings. When art came back into my life, new friends flowed in, plus teachers and love. Slowly and surely, safety, peace and fulfillment shored me up and also began to benefit my family. Soon after the experiment, a new iPhone arrived. Before I dove right back in, I developed guidelines around the specific hours it would be on. I eliminated binge watching, disconnected from notifications, and cut my friend list down to 150 people. Some of them were disappointed. I released the noise. I let go. I chose new. Without the phone, calendar, alarms and text notifications, it’s just me. And I am more alive, more conscious and more mindful than I have been in years. Now I have the time to sit down to write all that has transpired, and after thirty days without the iPhone, it turns out I have a lot to say. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的手机丢了以后，作者决心做一个社会实验——在三十天内不使用智能手机。之后作者开始了新的生活方式，并且受益匪浅。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我开始回到多年前放弃的生活”可知，第一段可描写作者新生活的一些特点。 ②由第二段首句内容“实验结束后不久，一款新的iPhone到了”可知，第二段可描写作者是如何使用新手机以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：生活改变——重新创作——找回艺术——感到满足——拿到新手机——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①开始：begin/start ②选择：choose/select ③回到：come back into/return to 情绪类 ①非常：incredibly/ remarkably ②满足：fulfillment /content 【点睛】[高分句型1] I wrote a few press releases about the future life I would lead, and I composed a document that outlined our family values. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] Before I dove right back in, I developed guidelines around the specific hours it would be on. (运用了before引导时间状语从句) 1—5 CBABA 6—10 BACBA 11—15 CABCC 16—20 AAACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年第二学期六校联合体期末调研测试 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What is the woman satisfied with about her dormitory most? A. Its space. B. Its price. C. Its location. 2. What relation is the man to the woman? A. Her teacher. B. Her client. C. Her boss. 3 Whose pencil is the girl advised to use? A. Tom’s. B. Tim’s. C. Jane’s. 4. How will the speakers go to Mary’s house? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 5. What does the woman imply about Brian? A. He hasn’t paid back her money. B. He bought a new pair of sneakers. C. He always borrows money from her. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where are the speakers? A. At an office. B. At a clothes store. C. At a Lost and Found Office. 7 What will the man do next? A. Talk with his colleague. B. Try on the trousers. C. Go to the cinema. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Steve say about King Team? A. They won the match. B. They didn’t score a goal. C. They played very well. 9. When did Mike hurt his foot? A. Ten minutes after the match began. B. Twenty minutes after the match began. C. Five minutes before the match ended. 10. Who did Steve watch the match with? A. His sister. B. His brother. C. His father. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Jenny do on Saturday afternoon? A. She went to a park. B. She cleaned the yard. C. She worked on the farm. 12. How did Jack feel about the Space World? A. Excited. B. Scared. C. Bored. 13. Where is Jenny going? A. Her house. B. A library. C. A classroom. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What has the woman been researching about? A. Medicine for an illness. B. Some new inventions this year. C. Ways people used to keep food safe to eat. 15. Which method does the woman think is the oldest? A Smoking food. B. Salting food. C. Drying food. 16. When did the first commercial canning appear on the market? A. Around 1910. B. Around 1810. C. Around 1710. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What are animal spies according to the talk? A. Robots. B. Human beings. C. Real animals. 18. How many animal spies took part in making the documentary? A. 34. B. 40. C. 180. 19. What did the team do to make the documentary? A. They worked for five years to make it. B. They filmed 1,250 hours of material to make it. C. They even traveled to the Antarctic to get material. 20. What is the talk mainly about? A. What animals’ life is like in the wild. B. How people filmed an animal documentary. C. Where people go to make videos about animals. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Copenhagen is an ideal destination for food-loving travellers, but there are many gastronomic (美食的) adventures that await visitors outside this capital city of Denmark. Here are some experiences in the capital and beyond. Enjoy a Baltic beach relaxation in Bornholm Beloved by Danes for its sandy beaches and fishing harbours, the island of Bornholm is distinguished by more sunshine time than anywhere else in the country. It’s an attractive dining destination, with traditional smokehouses offering local delicacies. But it’s Kadeau, a restaurant, that really puts Bornholm on the food map. Have some street food in Copenhagen Enjoy flavours from all corners of the globe at Reffen. Found in the former industrial site of Refshaleøen, this street food market is an exciting hangout with a rainbow of cuisines from Thai to Kurdish. Just across a river, Torvehallerne is the place for a bite. Further south, BaneGaarden is hidden in leafy railway sidings at Vesterbro, and offers soul food from the Deep South of the US. Take a getaway at a castle in Zealand On the island, one of Denmark’s oldest castles overlooks the scenic northwest coast. The beautiful 13th-century Dragsholm Slot is now a luxury hotel with one of the most well-known restaurants in Zealand — Dragsholm Slot Gourmet. It holds a Michelin star, led by chef Jeppe Foldager who serves seasonal cuisine with materials farmed and hunted from the surrounding fields, forests and sea. For a less pricey meal, the castle has the farm-to-table Bistro and casual Madhus, where visitors can enjoy drinks, snacks and light meals. 1. What makes Bornholm unique in Denmark? A. The longer sunshine hours. B. The traditional Dane foods. C. The attractive smokehouses. D. The beautiful seaside scenery. 2. Which place offers worldwide food options? A. Kadeau. B. Reffen. C. Torvehallerne. D. BaneGaarden. 3. What do we know about Dragsholm Slot Gourmet? A. It was once a castle. B. It features light meals. C. It offers locally grown food. D. It is famous in Denmark. B One Saturday in December, Annacarin Elf, the head of operations at Gothenburg City Library, just happened to walk by her workplace. Noticing that the door was open, she entered the library, and was astonished to see the heartwarming scene that people were using it like on a regular day. It was scheduled to be closed for the New Year holiday. The people in the library behaved as usual. Many were sitting reading newspapers, some families were in the children's section and others were searching for books on the computer. It seemed that Elf's colleagues had simply forgotten to lock the door, and because this popular library is usually open on Saturdays. visitors just assumed they could walk in. Elf called to check with her staff team, before announcing to the people present that the library was about to close. Then she expressed her regret for what had been done wrong and caused them a problem. It later turns out that 446 locals visited the city library borrowing a total of 246 books during the day. What's remarkable is that people checked out their books through the library's electronic self-service system, and that to date, all the books have been returned! Many Swedes have reacted positively to this uplifting demonstration of local respect for the library, a center that can be seen as a sign of the community, and what the locals did has strengthened their sense of belonging in their community. Elf says, “Nothing was destroyed. It's amazing that Gothenburgers entered an empty library and treated and so lovingly.” The city leader has even suggested that this unusual Saturday serve as an accidental experiment to analyse the possibility of operating a totally automated library without staff. 4. Why did Elf feel surprised after entering the library? A. The library staff were in it. B. People kept reading on holidays. C. People came in without permission. D. It was used though supposed to be closed. 5. What did Elf do that Saturday? A. She left the library open. B. She asked the staff back. C. She apologized to the visitors. D. She read books in the library. 6. What do many Swedes think of the behavior of Gothenburg locals? A. It displays community spirit. B. It gives the library much uplift. C. It is a positive reaction to society. D. It strengthens trust between people. 7. What does the author want to convey through the story? A. People tend to show care for others. B. Life is always full of the unexpected. C. Libraries can be automated sometimes. D. A library can bring out the best in people. C Looking up at the sky during early spring, you may see groups of birds moving as they migrate (迁徙) north. But how do these creatures fly in such a cooperative and seemingly effortless fashion? “The answer lies in aerodynamics (空气动力学),” reports a team of scientists from New York University(NYU)in a newly published study. They also found that the impact of aerodynamics depends on the size of the flying group—benefiting small groups and disturbing large ones. To mimic (模仿) the flying patterns of birds in which they line up one directly behind the other, the researchers created mechanized wings. They were 3D-printed from plastic and driven by motors to move in water, which showed how air flows around bird wings and how they interact during flight. For smaller groups, the researchers discovered an effect by which each member gets help from the aerodynamics in holding its position relative to its neighbors. For larger groups, however, these flying interactions cause later members to be thrown out of position, causing a breakdown of the flying patterns due to crashes among members. The researchers then used mathematical modeling to better understand the underlying forces. It indicates that the interactions between neighbors are spring-like forces. However, these “springs” act in only one direction—a lead bird can apply force on its followers, but not the other way around. “The spring-like forces move the members back and forth and then travel down the group and increase in intensity, causing later members to crash together, explains Leif Ristroph, an associate professor at New York University. “This area of research is important since animals are known to take advantage of the flows to save on the energy or to reduce drag or resistance,” explains Leif Ristroph. “Our work may also have applications in transportation—like efficient speeding through air or water—and energy, such as more effectively harvesting power from wind or waves.” 8. What is the major focus of the NYU researchers’ study on birds? A. The migration patterns of birds. B. The flying routes in early spring. C. The benefits of smaller bird grouping. D. The aerodynamic effects on bird groups. 9. How do flying interactions affect smaller groups of birds? A. They lead to a breakdown. B. They disturb the formation. C. They help each member in position. D. They cause crashes among members. 10. Why does the author mention “springs” in paragraph 4? A. To make a contrast. B. To explain a principle. C. To put forward a theory. D. To present new evidence. 11. According to Leif Ristroph, what might be a potential application of this research? A. Relieving public traffic jams. B. Improving harvest of solar energy. C. Changing migration routes of birds. D. Decreasing air resistance of planes. D A colleague recently sent me an article, Cutting back on waste is possible — if you can afford it, to read. It argued that reducing waste-food related, in particular — is an expensive effort and a near impossibility for anyone working low-wage jobs with little extra time. The conclusion ? Zero waste is something only suitable for people who can afford, not for those who are struggling to get by. However, I take issue with the idea that zero waste must be all or nothing. I think this is an unfortunate mentality that prevents valuable progress toward reducing one’s food-related waste. When we get too hung up on the idea of so-called zero waste and of being like the zero waste superstar Bea Johnson who can fit years of trash in a single jar, we start missing the broader point. The goal, after all, is to make smarter shopping decisions and establish practices that are sustainable (可持续的) for us, with our own unique resources and living situations. I live in a small rural town with no fancy zero-waste stores. My husband and I both work full-time. I am uninterested in spending my free time doing DIY projects and driving from store to store in search of perfect packaging. Instead, I just do the best I can. When I first read about Bea Johnson’s multi-stop grocery shopping routine, I tried to copy it. That lasted a few weeks before I gave up. Unlike her, I still had babies to look after, and I did not live in San Francisco where stores are closer together than in rural Ontario, Instead, I’ve resigned myself to the supermarket being the main supply of food and trying to work with it. Now, when I enter the supermarket on a once-weekly basis, I view all packaging through a critical eye. I make constant comparisons between how one brand packages its food to another. That is the main factor in deciding what to buy, though I also consider the unit price, the origin and the ingredients. 12. What is the idea of the article recommended by the author’s colleague? A. Most people can afford zero waste. B. Food-related waste is unavoidable. C. Cutting down on waste costs much. D. The poor care little about food waste. 13. How does the author understand the concept of zero waste? A. It is related to recycling our resources. B. It prevents people from reducing waste. C. It means fitting your trash in a single jar. D. It encourages reasonable green practices. 14. Why did the author fail to follow Bea Johnson? A. Her living situations differed from hers. B. She hardly knew about food packaging. C. She didn’t receive her husband’s support. D. Her love for shopping was deeply rooted. 15. What’s the best title of the text? A Live in a Small Town for a Zero-waste Life B. Forget Zero Waste and Be Better Shoppers C. Take Advantage of Local Zero-waste Shops D. Stop Wasting and Build a Greener Society 第二节 七选五 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Peking opera is seen as a national treasure in China. However, due to today’s rapid social changes, the art form is becoming more and more isolated, especially from younger generations. Peking opera actress Dong Yuanyuan proposed integrating the art of Peking opera with digital technology to vie (争夺) for more young audience. ____16____ In November 2021, the Digital Mei Lanfang project was launched in Beijing. The late Mei Lanfang (1894 —1961) was famous for creating and acting in numerous renowned Peking opera plays. ____17____ “I got very excited and emotional when I saw that Master Mei was ‘really talking’ to us on stage,” Dong said. In 2022, a Peking opera film was also shot with the virtual techniques. This has provided a very different experience for opera-lovers and aroused the interest of some young people. ____18____ In addition, more flexible means should be adopted to promote Peking opera. Dong suggests that traditional artistic elements, such as tunes from Peking opera, could also be used in pop songs in an ancient Chinese style. ____19____ They have not only helped audience familiarize with Peking opera, but also popularized the art form in a way easily accepted by young people. A digital human is a human being that exists in the digital world. It is created by making digital copies of the movements of the target and then accurately reconstructing the figure in the digital world. ____20____ When making the digital image of Master Mei, it was very difficult to imitate his facial expressions and voice as well as the materials his costumes were made out of since they had been lost to time. So there is still a long way to go before a digital Peking opera human with real-time interaction capability is created. A. The result was very satisfying. B. The popularity of digital technology is obvious. C. However, there are many obstacles to overcome. D. There is no doubt that young people like pop music most. E. This might be one of the most effective ways to solve the problem. F. Now, digital technology made him appear before the audience again. G. So far, a dozen such songs have been very well-received by young people. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only ____21____ branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds ____22____ down a cold, bone-chilling rain. My mood ____23____ the day. The older I got the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the ____24____ and reading my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get ____25____ driving on dark roads, and feeling the cold wind ____26____ my face like a slap. I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of ____27____ settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog ____28____ onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and ____29____ that I laughed and petted her. I _____30_____ she often mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head _____31_____ she too broke into a happy smile. I snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky. The little dog _____32_____ me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a _____33_____ of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our _____34_____. My little pup showed me once again that life is _____35_____ what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days. 21. A. rough B. bare C. dead D. thick 22. A. throwing B. going C. falling D. breaking 23. A. influenced B. attacked C. matched D. lifted 24. A. wall B. river C. snow D. stove 25. A. warmer B. longer C. shorter D. colder 26. A. over B. against C. beneath D. towards 27. A. happiness B. panic C. curiosity D. depression 28. A. jumped up B. held up C. took up D. lifted up 29. A. exhausted B. doubtful C. disappointed D. miserable 30. A. disapproved B. challenged C. complained D. acknowledged 31. A. while B. unless C. until D. after 32. A. reminded B. persuaded C. warned D. stimulated 33. A. temperature B. reflection C. recovery D. shape 34. A. hope B. mood C. anger D. joy 35. A. rarely B. possibly C. partially D. truly 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s National Ecology Day promotes the belief ____36____“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”, reflecting the country’s devotion to ecological progress. This concept has evolved into a common belief____37____Chinese citizens, driving green, circular(循环), and low-carbon development across regions and authorities. To achieve this, China is implementing(执行) a ____38____(comprehend) conservation strategy,____39____(accelerate) energy conservation, carbon reduction, waste recycling and promoting high-quality, green development. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is leading____40____planning and development of a new energy system, along with policies for green economic growth and resource allocation. China has also taken a leading role in global environmental governance, promising to peak carbon emissions by 2030____41____achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. The positive impact of these efforts is evident in places like Zhuangshang Village, ____42____foreigners like Mehraz Karami from Iran are drawn to the clean environment. China’s success in green growth____43____(gain) international recognition, serving as a model for other countries, including Kazakhstan. Erik Solheim, former head of the United Nations Environment Programme,____44____(praise) China’s transformation from a polluting economy to a global leader in green development, and China’s constant _____45_____(commit) to sustainability inspires others to follow suit. 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。请给你的外国朋友Ryan写一封信，分享你最近的一次家务劳动经历。内容包括： 1. 劳动过程； 2. 劳动感受。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ryan, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope to hear from you soon. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My iPhone was missing. One day, it was glued to my palm, and the next…poof! It was gone. I took all the necessary steps to find my phone. I checked jacket pockets, searched our apartment, and I stopped back into Whole Foods and gym. Desperately, I called and texted the phone, and I downloaded a phone-finder app. Bad luck. It was gone. I was reflecting on what it would mean not to have a smart phone—maybe not forever, but possibly for longer than a couple of days. As I heard my husband about to bind me into another two-year contract, I found myself screaming, “No!” I decided to conduct a social experiment. I would not use a smart phone for thirty days. I knew that once I had a replacement in hand, it would not be so easy to get rid of the screen. Early on, I reached for a phantom (虚幻的) phone more times than I can count. Finally, to have something for my hands to do, I bought a book that had been recommended by more than one friend. I wasn’t able to take photos. This was a loss for me. My Instagram was typically updated every week or so, and I used the camera feature to record places I wanted to revisit, items for my shopping list, and the behaviors of my four children. As an enthusiastic user of the iPhone notepad feature, I ended up buying a physical notebook, which led to more meaningful note taking. I had more time to truly listen. I had been programmed to ignore everything except what was directly in front of me on the fascinating screen. Without the distraction, I was more present. More sleep, less activity…the thirty-day break was a complete reset on the basics. It also left me with a heightened awareness of how carelessly I had been managing adult life. Getting away from the phone, I opened up to a new way of being. Finally, I managed to stop the constant rush of doing things. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I began to return to the life that I had abandoned years ago. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Soon after the experiment, a new iPhone arrived. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 CBABA 6—10 BACBA 11—15 CABCC 16—20 AAACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$