专题14 主谓一致100题(高考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年高考英语语法填空专项分类训练（高考真题+名校模拟真题）

专题14 主谓一致100题 2024年高考真题 1.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 2.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 4.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 2023年高考真题 1.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 2.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me. 2021-2022年高考真题 1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 2.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 3.（2022新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 4.（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 5.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 6.（2022北京卷）This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _________ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 7.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 8.（2022浙江1月卷）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 9.（2022浙江1月卷）But Cobb and others _________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 10.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 11.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 12.（2021新高考I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 13.（2021新高考II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 14.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 15.（2021北京卷）As it _________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 2024年高考模拟真题 1．What is amazing about these earth buildings (be) the fact that some of them are over 700 years old, surviving through natural elements, including earthquakes. 2．Though borrowing words has become faster, the process is still complex, and it takes time before new words ( integrate) into everyday speech. 3．And up until maybe 5 or 10 years ago, the number of English­language recipes for Chinese dishes you could find in a cookbook or on the Internet (be) still extremely limited. 4．Much of the world’s electronic waste will not be recycled, reused or even disposed of in a safe and controlled manner. Only around 17.5 percent (record) as recycled in 2019. （所给词的适当形式填空） 5．So far, through the remote video monitoring system and the use of BDS and other equipment, the intelligent and information­based three­dimension system of the “sky and ground” for biodiversity protection (establish). （所给词的适当形式填空） 6．Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually (reveal) the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. 7．Wang Jing, a woman from Shenyang city, Liaoning province in northeast China, (engage) in this novel art form for 27 years. 8．The World Health Organization warns that millions of people (suffer) from indoor air pollution at the present time, which results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook­stoves at home. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．Today, sentences from Confucianism (hear) frequently in speeches or talks given by famous foreign people. . 10．“For centuries, the scent of tea leaves (offer) nutrition to this land. This intangible cultural heritage of tea processing techniques is deeply rooted in people’s everyday life.” 11．Consequently, cybercrime coming in many different forms (become) a huge problem in recent years. 12．The on-loan program (highlight) close partnerships and scientific cooperation between China and other countries. 13．The solar terms (create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. Solar term culture is still useful today to guide people’s lives. 14．Maxwell’s worldwide walk wasn’t easy. She heard gunshots while camping in Turkey and (attack) in her tent in Mongolia. Still, she continued to walk. 15．Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school (come) first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”（所给词的适当形式填空） 16．The American superstar (spot) with a young physically-challenged Qatari boy, Al Muftah. The boy was born with a rare condition known as CRS. （所给词的适当形式填空） 17．This device, however (use) a thermoelectric generator, which creates energy from differences in temperature. 18．Wang was born and grew up in America, but she (build) solid ties with Chinese culture since she was a little girl. 19．The famous musician,as well as his students, (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of last year’s Flower Expo. 20．Since then, a close friendship (grow) between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me. 21．Zhong Nanshan (recognize) as one of the most greatest scientists in the field of medicine in China. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 22．The effectiveness of this medicine (evaluate) by these scientists the other day. 23．The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp, which (surround) by a high fence. 24．Jenny, along with two boys in our school, (invite)  to London to attend an international meeting the other day. 25．Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.” 26．The use of those plastics (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 27．As is reported in today’s paper, lots of money (raise) for the homeless so far. 28．Built in 1554, during the Ming Dynasty’s defence against the Miao, the wall (destroy) partly by the Miao ethnic group. 29．The water in surface rocks (think) to be a result of hydrogen ions (氢离子) in the solar wind. 30．Effective measures such as building a botanic garden and a fish breeding station (take) to protect the biodiversity in China’s southwestern Baihetan Dam area so far. 31．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth (wash) away each year. 32．These 18th-century oil paintings (preserve) so well that the visitors are greatly amazed. 33．Johnathan, as well as his fellow workers, (resign) from the company since it announced its transformation plan. 34．At the very cafes customers can ask whether there are any suspended coffees available, and if so, they (supply) with a beverage, thanks to the kindness of a stranger. 35．On the Spring Festival and over the following two weeks, streets and houses (decorate) with many things of red color in China. 36．A week before Earth Day, posters (put) up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth. 37．A news report shows that China’s urban pet consumer market (expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors. 38．But the problem is that too many of us (visit) them at the same time, putting pressure on these delicate and ancient places. That’s why a number of beauty spots and historic sites have been introducing charges or restrictions on the number of tourists. 39．With people paying attention to fitness, self-service mini-gyms, each covering about 5 square meters, (spring) up in China’s major cities these years. 40．The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third (use) regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long. 41．All possible means (try) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear. 42．Thanks to great advances in fundamental research, a series of genetic therapies has arrived, or (arrive), in clinics to treat blood cancer and other fatal diseases. （所给词的适当形式填空） 43．A 19-meter sperm whale (rescue) from the shores of Xiangshan county in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, on April 20. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44．I think Ana (finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning. 45．So far the local government new policies which aim to reduce air pollution and they’ve proved effective. (adopt) （所给词的适当形式填空） 46．Three Chinese astronauts have completed their six-month space station mission and returned to earth safely on Saturday, which (mark) a major victory of China’s plan to explore space. （所给词的适当形式填空） 47．His work experience helped him stand out in the interview and he (admit) to Hangzhou Normal University. 48．Our school is carrying out a reform in education and every boy and every girl (have) access to a computer when attending science classes. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49．Christmas Décor, together with other several holiday lighting companies, (donate) money and resources to decorate the homes of military families across the states. 50．Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a health care system in which patients (treat) with natural plant, animal, and mineral remedies (药物). 51．A new group of free employees have been added to a French workforce. So far, a theme park in western France (employ) six birds, more exactly six crows, to collect and deal with garbage — mainly cigarette ends and other small pieces. （所给词的适当形式填空） 52．Chinese people love flour-made food, whether it is noodles, dumplings, or flatbread. In the hands of skilled craftsman(手艺人), flour made into lovely models in people or animals brings a unique kind of pleasure. The art form is called dough figurine(面塑). In 2008, it (include) in the list of national intangible cultural heritage. （所给词的适当形式填空） 53．Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest (disappear) due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. （所给词的适当形式填空） 54．The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (行政区) (bring) great resources to the local tourism industry in the past decade. （所给词的适当形式填空） 55．That promise may be years away from realization but rapid typing enabled by bioprinting at present (push) medical advances forward at pace. （所给词的适当形式填空） 56．Chinese people are proud of their food. However, when foreigners like Britons think of Chinese food, their (impress) of it is different to what you might think. （所给词的适当形式填空） 57．But Cobb and others (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. （所给词的适当形式填空） 58．To stay healthy, the report (suggest) that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate (适中的) physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week. （所给词的适当形式填空） 59．Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. And, as more children were born, more food (need)．（所给词的适当形式填空） 60．The old couple moved back to the countryside in 2018 and (lead) a happy and peaceful life ever since. （所给词的适当形式填空） 61．But the country's economic development over the years (permit) the sport to spread beyond the wealthy. 62．Tests (carry) out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put it in airports around the world.(所给词的适当形式填空） 63．A new technology can be seen at Tokyo airport that is called a mobility (移动性) system or wheelchair moving on its own. The mobility system (seat) one person and is able to find its way on its own without hitting anything.(所给词的适当形式填空） 64．Bike-to-Work Day is held every year across North America on the third Friday of May. It (start) by the League of American Bicyclists in 1956.(所给词的适当形式填空） 65．Last year, a total of 57 pairs of oriental storks (find) to nest and reproduce outside the reserve.(所给词的适当形式填空） 66．In the past two decades, the Chinese government (strengthen) ecological protection of wetlands along the Yellow River, Making various species of wild birds take shelter in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve, located at the river’s estuary in East China’s Shandong province.(所给词的适当形式填空） 67．Once it (observe) that hippos in Zimbabwe left their rivers during an eclipse, and headed towards their night feeding places on dry land. In the middle of their journey, the solar eclipse passed, daylight returned, and the hippos gave up their efforts.(所给词的适当形式填空） 68．China launched a large robotic spacecraft early Tuesday morning at the Wenchang Space Launch Center in south China’s Hainan province, tasking it with landing on the moon and bringing back lunar samples, 44 years after such extraterrestrial substances (外星物质) (bring) back to earth the last time.(所给词的适当形式填空） 69．Shanghai is a people-centric city. I stayed in Shanghai during the pandemic and now my perception of the city (change) as 1 experienced a city that cares about its citizens regardless of their nationality and origin.(所给词的适当形式填空） 70．These 3000-year-old symbols, jiaguwen, (carve) on turtle shells or bones of animals, and can give us insight into how ancient Chinese saw the world around them and into their great creativity. (所给词的适当形式填空） 71．The parts of a museum open to the public （call）galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a museum's collection is on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.(所给词的适当形式填空） 72．It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 (consider) healthy.(所给词的适当形式填空） 73．Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services (provide) a real joy. 74．Since last month, George, along with some of his former classmates, (desire) to have a 20-year gathering during this summer holiday. 75．It is not the first time that immense amounts of state-of-art teaching equipment (deliver) to the poverty-stricken regions.（所给词的适当形式填空） 76．The green hand (tackle) the problem for two weeks, only to realize that he has applied a wrong means.   77．Japanese claims that it will be safe to release radioactive water from the destroyed Fukushima nuclear power plant into the Pacific Ocean, which (contradict) by a large number of scientists so far. （所给词的适当形式填空） 78．Dashan, who (learn) crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. 79．Up to now, thousands of red phone boxes, the old image of Britain, (remove) due to mobile phones. 80．Under the sky (rest) a village painted with smaller strokes and finer detail, giving the impression of peace. 81．The last few years (see) environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come. 82．Years before the term “artificial intelligence” (coin) in the mid-1950s, the theory had been explored by Alan Turing. 83．Even if you’ve recovered from the virus, you should wear a mask just in case you come into contact with someone who (infect) with a different strain. 84．Mr. Williams is a conservative who (advocate) fewer government controls on business. 85．By exercising regularly, you improve your physical appearance, (energy) yourself, and accomplish something positive. 86．It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers (rise) for some time. 87．That year, Lang Ping (give) the Best Coach and the Sports Special Contribution awards at the CCTV Sports Personality Awards. 88．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. （所给词的适当形式填空） 89．At Hey Cat Cafe in Wuhan, the “employees” are all stray (流浪的) black cats, most of whom (rescue) by caring people several months ago. 90．A great many machines (produce) by the factory since the technological revolution. 91．Our headteacher (acknowledge)as the most generous，hard­working and warm­hearted teacher in the academy. 92．Please give me your account number, sir, and I’ll inquire and make sure the issue (resolve) as soon as possible. 93．More than one farmer singer (have) appeared on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala like Zhu Zhiwen. 94．Over the last few years,scientists (develop) new kinds of artificial limbs to help people overcome their disabilities. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 95．The number of visitors (rise) steadily since the tourist attraction reopened this year, despite a sharp decline compared to normal years. 96．Life (compose) of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. 97．A TV series named In the Name of People which shows many corruption cases (be) popular among millions of people since it began on March 28th. 98．The number of trees larger than two feet across till now (decline) by 50 percent on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. （所给词的适当形式填空） 99．What I really admire is the way she (acknowledge) that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 100．Until now, psychological research (maintain) that both men and women have the same fight-or-flight reaction to stress. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 2024年高考真题 1.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. 答案：walks 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 2.（2024新课标II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___58___ (be) also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 答案：were 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 3.（2024新课标II卷）Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___61___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 答案：was built 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 4.（2024全国甲卷）They 64 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 答案：were 考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 5.（2024浙江1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 答案：have started 解析：考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 2023年高考真题 1.（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案：was amazed。 解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 2.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me. 答案：become改为becomes。 解析：考查主谓一致。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此处为一般现在时，主语为the singing of insects，谓语用三单形式。故become改为becomes。 2021-2022年高考真题 1.（2022新高考I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that _________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 1. were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 2.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 2. is designed 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 3.（2022新高考II卷）Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 3. was fixing 【解析】句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 4.（2022新高考II卷）He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly _________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 4. threw 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 5.（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain. 5. has walked 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。 6.（2022北京卷）This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally _________ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 6. has 【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 7.（2022北京卷）The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 7. has increased 【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 8.（2022浙江1月卷）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 8. is viewed或has been viewed 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 9.（2022浙江1月卷）But Cobb and others _________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 9. are 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。 10.（2022浙江1月卷）On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 10. have promised 【解析】考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised。 11.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? 11. be appreciated 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。故填be appreciated。 12.（2021新高考I卷）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 12. was 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it，时间状语是then，所以用was。 13.（2021新高考II卷）I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 13. was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 14.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 14. was built 【解析】句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 15.（2021北京卷）As it _________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 15. connects 【解析】考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 2023年高考模拟真题 1．is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些土楼的惊人之处在于，其中一些已经有700多年的历史了，它们在包括地震在内一些自然元素中幸存下来。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是What is amazing about these earth buildings，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填is。 2．are integrated 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然借用单词的速度越来越快，但这个过程仍然很复杂，新单词融入日常口语需要时间。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语new words，和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，并且主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式，故填are integrated。 3．was 【详解】考查一般过去时和主谓一致。句意：直到5年或10年前，你能在烹饪书或互联网上找到的中国菜的英文食谱数量仍然非常有限。根据“up until maybe 5 or 10 years ago”可知，此处应用一般过去时。主语number“数量”为第三人称单数，所以be动词应用was。故填was。 4．was recorded 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：世界上大部分电子垃圾都不会被回收、再利用，甚至不会以安全可控的方式处理。2019年，只有约17.5%的垃圾被回收。主语17.5 percent (of electronic waste)和动词record之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in 2019可知，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填was recorded。 5．has been established 【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：目前，通过远程视频监控系统和北斗系统等设备的使用，已经建立起生物多样性保护“天地一体”的智能化、信息化立体体系。主语system和动词establish之间是被动关系，根据时间状语So far可知句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示单数意义，故填has been established。 6．reveals 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：研究蜻蜓在飞行过程中保持稳定的方式，实际上揭示了它们用来摆脱棘手情况的技术。设空处在句中作谓语；分析句子可知，that dragonflies remain stable during flight为定语从句，修饰way，主句的主语是Investigating the way，为动名词短语作主语，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语动词reveal用第三人称单数形式。故填reveals。 7．has engaged/has been engaging 【详解】考查主谓一致和现在完成时或现在完成进行时。句意：来自中国东北辽宁省沈阳市的王静女士已经从事这一新颖的艺术形式27年了。根据“for 27 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，也可以理解为动作发生在过去，一直持续到现在，并在将来的某段时间里仍将继续，所以应用现在完成进行时。主语为第三人称单数。动词短语engage in意为“从事”。故填has engaged/has been engaging。 8．are suffering 【详解】考查时态。句意：世界卫生组织警告说，目前有数百万人遭受室内空气污染，这是由于在家里使用危险燃料和炉灶造成的。根据时间状语“at the present time”此句描述的事情正在发生，谓语动词应该使用现在进行时，主语millions of people为复数意义，故填are suffering。 9．are heard 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：今天，在外国名人的演讲或谈话中，经常听到儒家思想的句子。分析句子可知，主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Today可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为sentences，谓语动词用复数。故填are heard。 10．has offered/has been offering 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：几个世纪以来，茶叶的香味为这片土地提供了营养。分析句子可知，空处作谓语，由For centuries可知，应为现在完成时或者现在完成进行时，主语the scent of tea leaves为单数名词，所以为动词第三人称单数形式。故填has offered/has been offering。 11．has become 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，近年来，以多种不同形式出现的网络犯罪已成为一个巨大的问题。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in recent years为现在完成时时间标志，故使用现在完成时，同时句子的主语为cybercrime，助动词用has。故填has become。 12．highlights 【详解】考查动词。句意：该项目突出了中国与其他国家之间的密切伙伴关系和科学合作。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据语境可知，此处讲述的是客观事实，所以应使用一般现在时，highlight与句子主语The on-loan program之间为主动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填highlights。 13．were created 【详解】考查时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创造的。节气文化至今仍对指导人们的生活有用。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语thousands of years ago可知此句陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时；主语The solar terms与动词create之间为被动关系，此句谓语动词用一般过去时的被动语态，The solar terms作主语，谓语动词用复数。故填were created。 14．was attacked 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：她在土耳其露营时听到枪声，在蒙古的帐篷里遭到袭击。句子在描述过去发生的事情，且句子主语she是单数第三人称，和谓语动词attack之间是被动关系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态was attacked，故填was attacked。 15．comes 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：莎拉说:“我爸爸认为我现在应该接受这份工作。但目前，学校是第一位的。我不想太沉迷于做模特”。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“at the moment”和“don't want”及句意可知，应用一般现在时，表示当前现状；主语是school，谓语动词用单数。故填comes。 16．was spotted 【详解】 考查动词语态。句意：这这位美国巨星被拍到与一名年轻的卡塔尔残疾男孩Al Muftah在一起。这名男孩出生时患有一种罕见的CRS。分析句子可知，spot作谓语，与主语superstar是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填was spotted。 17．uses 【详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，这一设备使用了一个热电发电机，利用温差产生能量。此处this device作主语，为单数，与谓语动词use之间为主动关系，且根据后文的creates可知，此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，故填uses。 18．has built 【详解】 考查时态。句意：王女士出生并长在美国，但是从她是个小女孩的时候，她就和中国文化产生了牢固的联系。此处主语为she，build为谓语动词，主语she与build之间为主动关系，且根据后文的时间状语从句since she was a little girl可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has built。 19．was invited 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这位著名的音乐家和他的学生被邀请在去年的花卉博览会开幕式上表演。分析句子，,当as well as连接两个并列的主语时，谓语的数与第一个主语保持一致，即：musician，其与invite之间是被动关系，同时根据后文的last year’s Flower Expo，可知句子表述的是过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was invited。 20．has grown 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，我们之间建立了亲密的友谊，她对我来说就像姐姐一样。grow是句中谓语动词，与主语a close friendship之间是主动关系，结合时间状语Since then可知，用现在完成时态，主语是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has grown。 21．is recognized 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：钟南山被公认为中国医学领域最伟大的科学家之一。recognize与主语是动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词使用is。故填is recognized。 22．was evaluated 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天这些科学家对这种药的有效性进行了评估。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语，由句中的时间状语the other day可知此处应用一般过去时，此处指“这种药的有效性在几天前被这些科学家评估过了”，The effectiveness和evaluate之间是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数。故填was evaluated。 23．was surrounded 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：饥饿的熊凭着嗅觉来到了我们的营地，营地被高高的铁丝栅栏包围着。该空是非限制性定语从句谓语部分，结合主句谓语followed，事情已发生，从句也用一般过去时，从句主语which指代先行词our camp，从句谓语单数形式，从句主语和从句谓语动词surround是被动关系，surround用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was surrounded。 24．was invited 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：前几天，珍妮和我们学校的两个男孩应邀去伦敦参加一个国际会议。根据后文the other day可知为一般过去时，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，并且主语后接介词短语along with不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据Jenny的人称和数来确定。故用单数。故填was invited。 25．was painted 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：玛丽的侄女写道：“小房子被漆成了白色。甜甜的，很有新鲜感。玛丽很喜欢。她非常漂亮，她的房子反映了她自己，一切都很有品位，井井有条。”分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；且句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 26．has increased 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从2019年以来，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。如果这种情况继续下去，世界将无法生存。空格处作谓语，根据时间状语since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时，主语为The use of those plastics，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has increased。 27．has been raised 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：正如今天的报纸报道的那样，到目前为止，为无家可归者筹集了大量资金。分析句子可知，设空处所给动词raise在句子中充当谓语，和主语money是被动关系，应使用被动语态，根据后面的时间状语so far可知，应使用现在完成时，因此应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语money是不可数名词。故填has been raised。 28．was destroyed 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：长城建于1554年，在明朝抵御苗族入侵期间，部分被苗族摧毁。destroy与主语the wall是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由during the Ming Dynasty’s defence against the Miao可知，此处陈述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填was destroyed。 29．is thought 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：岩石表面的水被认为是太阳风中氢离子的结果。句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；think与主语The water in surface rocks是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词使用is。故填is thought。 30．have been taken 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：迄今为止，中国西南部白鹤滩坝区已经采取了建立植物园和鱼类育种站等有效措施来保护生物多样性。take与主语Effective measures是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由so far可知，应用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词使用have。故填have been taken。 31．are being washed 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：随着越来越多的森林被破坏，每年大量的好土地被冲走。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语good earth和动词wash为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处为表示正在进行的动作，所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构,其中主语good earth被quantities of修饰，后面无论加可数或不可数名词，谓语动词都要用复数。故填are being washed。 32．are preserved 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：这些十八世纪的油画保存得如此完好，使参观者大为惊讶。空处在句中为谓语，结合空后are可知，时态为一般现在时；主语paintings为复数含义，与动词preserve为动宾关系，所以语态用被动语态；故填are preserved。 33．has resigned 【详解】考查谓语动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自从公司宣布改组计划之后，乔纳森和他的同事们就已经决定辞职了。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。根据since引导时间状语从句可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语“A, as well as B”对应的谓语动词的数应遵循就远原则，前面的主语人称Johnathan为单数形式，主语与谓语动词之间为主动关系，故填has resigned。 34．are supplied/will be supplied 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：正是在这些咖啡馆里，顾客可以问是否有待用咖啡，如果有，他们会被提供一杯饮料，这要感谢一个陌生人的好意。空前的主语they指代customers，和谓语动词supply之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，此处可使用一般现在时或一般将来时，主语they是复数人称代词，故填are supplied或will be supplied。 35．are decorated 【详解】考查谓语动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：年三十儿和接下来的两周里，家家户户，大街小巷，处处都装饰着喜庆的中国红。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，此处陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语与之间为被动关系，且主语为复数概念，故填are decorated。 36．were put 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：在地球日前一周，我们学校周围张贴了海报，号召我们加入到建设一个更绿色地球的行动中来。分析句子可知，本句的主语是复数形式名词posters“海报”与谓语动词put up“张贴” 二者是被动关系，要用被动语态。根据时间状语A week before Earth Day“在地球日的前一周”是表示过去的时间状语，要用一般过去时，因此本空格要用一般过去时的被动。故填were put。 37．is expected 【详解】考查时态和语态以及主谓一致。句意：一份新闻报道显示，今年中国城市宠物消费市场有望突破2000亿元大关。大城市的年轻人是主要贡献者。分析句意可知，此处缺乏谓语动词，讲的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语China’s urban pet consumer market“中国城市宠物消费市场”为单数，和动词expect“预计，预想”是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且be expected to do意为“被期望做……”符合语境。故填is expected。 38．are visiting 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：但问题是，太多的人同时去参观它们，给这些精致而古老的地方带来了压力。这就是为什么一些景点和历史遗迹开始对游客数量进行收费或限制。分析句子可知，设空处在that从句中作谓语，应用动词；其主语为too many of us，二者之间为主动关系，应用主动语态；结合句意可知，此处表示现在正在发生的事，应用现在进行时。主语为too many of us，复数形式，故谓语也用复数形式。故填are visiting。 39．have sprung up 【详解】考查时态。句意：近年来，随着人们对健身的重视，面积约5平方米的自助迷你健身房如雨后春笋般在中国各大城市兴起。分析句意可知，本句主语为复数形式的名词短语self-service mini-gyms“自助迷你健身房”，与谓语动词spring up“迅速成长”构成主动关系，且根据时间状语these years“这些年”，可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是复数。故填have sprung up。 40．were used 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该公司拥有大约20台笔记本电脑，但只有三分之一经常使用。现在我们每天有60个人在工作。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致，这里one third后面省略了of 20 notebook computers，复数意义，结合语境可知，use和one-third是被动关系，且由had可知，句子用的是过去时，所以此处应用一般过去时的被动，故填were used。 41．have been tried 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：为了防止空气污染，人们已经采取了一切可能的办法，但是天空仍然不明朗。空处在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，尝试这一动作从过去到现在已经完成，且主语means和动词try是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动，means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词all，复数意义，故填have been tried。 42．is arriving 【详解】考查时态。句意：由于基础研究的巨大进展，一系列的基因疗法已经或即将被临床用于治疗血癌和其他致命疾病。设空处为谓语，根据上文的has arrived，此处应是表示将来要发生的动作，位移动词arrive用现在进行时表将来，主语是a series of genetic therapies，a series of 后可加复数名词，不管名词类别为何，动词通常用单数，故填is arriving。 43．was rescued 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：4月20日，一条19米长的抹香鲸在浙江省宁波市象山县海岸获救。根据句中时间状语on April 20可知，用一般过去时。主语A 19-meter sperm whale与rescue之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was rescued。 44．has finished 【详解】考查时态。句意：安娜今天一大早就开始准备，我想她现在已经收拾好了行李。分析句子可知，“Ana　　　(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this morning.”是宾语从句，提示词在句中作谓语动词，与主语Ana之间是主动关系；结合主句“I think”和从句“since she started getting things ready early this morning”中时态可知，Ana一大早就开始准备，“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕，强调现在的结果，应用现在完成时；主语Ana是单数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has finished。 45．has adopted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，当地政府已经采取了旨在减少空气污染的新政策，这些政策被证明是有效的。根据时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是名词单数government，助动词用has。故填has adopted。 46．marks 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：三名中国宇航员完成了为期六个月的空间站任务，于周六安全返回地球，这标志着中国探索太空计划的重大胜利。非限制性定语从句陈述客观事实用一般现在时，修饰上文整个句子，故谓语用第三人称形式。故填marks。 47．was admitted 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：他的工作经历让他在面试中脱颖而出，并被杭州师范大学录取。他是被杭州师范大学录取，由“helped”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done，主语he是第三人称单数，因此空格处是was admitted。故填was admitted。 48．has 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们学校正在进行一场教育改革，每个男孩和女孩在上科学课时都可以使用计算机。根据前一分句中的is carrying可知，此处表述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，并且every boy and every girl作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 49．donates 【详解】考查时态和语法一致。句意：Christmas Décor与其他几家节日照明公司一起，捐钱和资源来装饰全国各地的军人家庭的家。根据句意可知，本句描述通常性动作，用一般现在时。主语Christmas Décor为第三人称单数，句子的谓语动词应该和together with 前面的主语保持人称和数的一致。故填donates。 50．are treated 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：中医是一种用天然植物、动物和矿物药物治疗病人的保健系统。根据句意可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时。主语patients与treat是动宾关系，故用被动语态，因此句子用一般现在时的被动语态，即is/are done，主语patients是复数，因此空格处是are treated，故填are treated。 51．has employed 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一群新的自由雇员加入了法国的劳动力大军。到目前为止，法国西部的一个主题公园雇佣了六只鸟，更准确地说是六只乌鸦，来收集和处理垃圾——主要是烟头和其它小碎片。分析句子成分可知，此处缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语so far，可知时态为现在完成时；句子主语a theme park和动词employ之间是主动关系，且主语是单数名词。故填has employed。 52．was included 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：中国人喜欢用面粉做的食物，无论是面条、饺子还是扁面包。在熟练的手艺人的手中，被制成人或动物的可爱形状的面粉带来一种独特的乐趣。这种艺术形式被称为面塑。在2008年，它被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语。该句的主语it指代 dough figurine，与include 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。根据时间状语In 2008可知，include这一动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时态，且it是第三人称单数，谓语动词也用第三人称单数。故填 was included。 53．has disappeared 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的50年里，由于农业和畜牧业等人类活动，大约17%的雨林已经消失。结合语境和时间状语over the past 50 years可知，应用现在完成时，主语about 17 per cent of the rainforest不可数，助动词用has。故填has disappeared。 54．have brought 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：凉山彝族自治州美丽的风景和丰富的传统习俗，在过去的十年里为当地的旅游业带来了巨大的资源。根据后文“in the past decade”可知应用现在完成时，主语为The beautiful scenery and various traditional customs，助动词用have。故填have brought。 55．is pushing 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这一前景可能还需要数年时间才能实现，但目前生物打印带来的快速打印功能正在推动医学进步的步伐。表示动作目前正在进行，应用现在进行时，主语为rapid typing，谓语动词用单数。故填is pushing。 56．impression 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国人为他们的食物感到骄傲。然而，当像英国人这样的外国人想到中国菜时，他们对中国菜的印象与你可能想到的不同。分析句子结构，空处用名词作主语，impress对应的名词形式为impression“印象”，且根据is可知，此处用名词单数。故填impression。 57．are 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：科布和其他一些人现在正在质疑这样的想法:推动会议提供更多远程参与的机会，改变个人行为，为应对气候变化危机尽一份力。根据时间状语now及语境可知此处用现在进行时。主语“Cobb and others”是复数，故谓语用复数。故填are。 58．suggests　 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：为了保持健康,报告表明,人们至少每周进行150分钟的适度的体力活动或75分钟的剧烈的体力活动。分析句子可知，suggest作谓语动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语the report是单数，谓语动词suggest应用第三人称单数形式。故填suggests。 59．was needed 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：农业生产的人均粮食比狩猎和采集来的多，因此人们能够养育更多的孩子。而且，随着更多的孩子出生，需要更多的食物。分析句子结构可知，more food与need构成被动关系，使用被动语态，根据“were able to”和“produced”可知，需用一般过去时，加上food是不可数名词，所以需填was needed。故填was needed。 60．has led 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这对老夫妇于2018年搬回农村，从此过上了幸福安宁的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少谓语动词，根据“ever since”可知，此处为现在完成时，主语为The old couple，助动词用has。故填has led。 61．has permitted 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：但多年来，中国的经济发展使得这项运动的传播范围超出了富人的范围。分析句子可知，设空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知用现在完成时，主语development不可数，助动词应用has。故填has permitted。 62．have been carried 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自去年以来，该系统已在包括纽约肯尼迪国际机场在内的几家机场进行测试。分析句子结构，句子缺少谓语，主语（tests）和谓语（carry out）表被动关系。再根据关键词since判断，测试的工作是从去年开始，并且持续到现在而且可能继续下去，所以需用现在完成时。综上，故填have been carried。 63．seats 【详解】考查一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：这种移动系统可以容纳一个人，并且能够在不撞到任何东西的情况下自己找到路。分析句子结构，句子缺少谓语，且主语是the mobility system，表单数。结合“and is able to…”可知句子时态为一般现在时。seat作动词表示“可容纳”，和主语是表主动关系，故填seats。 64．was started 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它是在1956年由美国自行车联盟发起的。根据句中“in 1956”可知句子陈述的是过去的事，且句中It代指的Bike-to-Work Day与start为逻辑上的被动关系，即Bike-to-Work Day被发起，所以句子应用一般过时的被动语态，It与was连用，start的过去分词为started。故填was started。 65．were found 【详解】考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：去年，共有57对东方鹤在保护区外筑巢和繁殖。根据时间状语Last year可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词find和主语oriental storks构成被动关系，所以这里用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were found。 66．has strengthened 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的20年里，中国政府加强了黄河沿岸湿地的生态保护，使各种野生鸟类在黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区得到保护，该保护区位于黄河河口，位于中国东部的山东省。根据时间状语In the past two decades可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语为the Chinese government ，谓语为has strengthened。故填has strengthened。 67．was observed 【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：有一次观察到津巴布韦的河马在月食时离开它们的河流，前往它们夜间进食的陆地。由时间状语Once及后文的时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时，且it作形式主语，与observe之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填was observed。 68．were brought 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：周二凌晨，中国在海南省文昌航天发射中心发射了一艘大型机器人航天器，任务是着陆月球并带回月球样本。44年前，此类地外物质最后一次被带回地球。分析可知，设空处为从句谓语动词，根据 the last time可知，应用一般过去时，此处与主语是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语such extraterrestrial substances是复数，故填were brought。 69．has changed 【详解】考查时态。句意：上海是一个以人为中心的城市。疫情期间我住在上海，现在我对这个城市的看法已经改变了，因为我感受到了它是一个关心市民的城市，不管他们的国籍和出身如何。“改变”这一动作从过去持续到现在，并且有可能持续下去，所以用现在完成时。主语perception为单数，助动词用has。故填has changed。 70．were carved 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这些有三千年历史的符号，甲骨文，刻在甲壳或动物的骨头上，可以让我们了解古人如何看待周围的世界，以及他们伟大的创造力。根据句意以及上文的“These 3000-year-old symbols”可知，这些文字是在3000年前雕刻，属于过去发生的事实要用一般过去时。主语These 3000-year-old symbols是复数，且与动词carve是被动关系。故填were carved。 71．are called 【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：博物馆向公众开放的部分称为画廊或展厅。通常，博物馆的藏品只有一小部分在展出。大部分都被储存起来或用于研究。本句主语The parts of a museum与动词call为被动关系，所以用其被动语态。本段讲述的是有关博物馆的客观事实，又根据后面的is可知应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are called。 72．is considered 【详解】考查谓语动词时态和语态。句意:它的计算方法是将一个人的体重以公斤为单位除以身高以米为单位的平方，BMI介于19至25(认为)健康之间。此空应填入consider的谓语形式，根据前半句的It is可判断时态为一般现在时，且根据句意“19到25之间的BMI（体重指数）被认为是健康值”，可知BMI与consider为被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态，且主语BMI是第三人称单数形式。故答案为is considered。 73．provides 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：当你免费提供你的时间、金钱、技能或服务时，与社区建立联系会提供真正的快乐。分析句子成分可知，主句为动名词短语作主语，表示客观事实，空格处为谓语动词，采用一般现在时的单数形式。故填provides。 74．has been desiring 【详解】考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：从上个月开始，乔治和他以前的一些同学就一直想在这个暑假举行一次20年的聚会。根据时间状语Since last month及句意可知，此处表示过去的动作一直持续到现在，还有可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时；along with连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语，在人称和数上保持一致，此处与George保持一致，助动词应用has。故填has been desiring。 75．have been delivered 【详解】考查固定句型和现在完成时的被动语态。句意：这并不是第一次向贫困地区运送大量先进的教学设备。对于固定结构“It is the first time+that从句”来说，主句用一般现在时，从句要用现在完成时，所以空处应填谓语动词的现在完成时，又根据主谓一致原则，要与主语immense amounts of state-of-art teaching equipment保持复数一致，amounts of+不可数名词作主语时，谓语要用复数形式，且主语与主语是被动关系，因此空处应填现在完成时的被动语态，即have been delivered。故填have been delivered。 76．has been tackling 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这位新手已经解决这个问题两周了，但却意识到他用了一个错误的方法。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语for two weeks可知，tackle这个动作从过去发生一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行或刚刚结束，tackle用现在完成进行时（has/have been doing），主语The green hand是单数，谓语用单数形式。故填has been tackling。 77．has been contradicted 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：日本声称，将被摧毁的福岛核电站的放射性水释放到太平洋将是安全的，到目前为止，许多科学家都反驳了这一观点 。分析句子可知，which引导定语从句，contradict是从句的谓语动词，which指代整个主句，是单数，故动词用单数，which与contradict是被动关系，由so far可知，用现在完成时，综上，故填has been contradicted。 【点睛】 78．has been learning 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大山几十年来一直学习相声这一中国的喜剧传统，他想把它和西方的单口相声传统结合起来。根据for decades可知，该句应该使用现在完成时；再由常识可大山学习中国的相声还在进行中，所以用现在的完成进行时态。且who指代Dashan，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been learning。 79．have been removed 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于移动电话，到目前为止，成千上万的红色电话亭——英国的旧形象，已经被拆除。主语phone boxes和动词remove之间是被动关系，结合时间状语Up to now可知此处使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been removed。 80．rests 【详解】考查倒装句、时态和主谓一致。句意：天空下有一个村庄，用更小的笔触和更精细的细节画出来，给人一种宁静的感觉。此句子中使用了完全倒装结构，以突出地点状语Under the sky，句中谓语动词rest和主语a village互换了位置。结合句意可知，句子描述是一幅画上的场景，描述客观存在，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应用单数形式rests。故填rests。 81．have seen 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：过去几年见证了大规模的环境灾难，专家们预测更糟糕的情况还会发生。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，结合句意和主语The last few years可知，此处描述的是事情发生在过去并持续到现在，所以此处使用现在完成时see与句子主语为主动关系，且主语为名复数。故填have seen。 82．was coined 【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：早在20世纪50年代中期“人工智能”一词被创造出来的几年前，艾伦·图灵就已经在探索这个理论了。coin(创造新词)是时间状语从句中谓语动词，与主语the term “artificial intelligence”之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in the mid-1950s可知，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语也用单数形式。综上，谓语动词用一般过去时的被语态，单数形式。故填was coined。 83．is infected 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：即使你已经从病毒中恢复过来，你也应该戴上口罩，以防你接触到感染了不同病毒的人。分析句子可知，who引导定语从句，指代someone，从句中作主语，someone与infect是被动关系，讲述一般事实用一般现在时，且主语是不定代词，谓语动词用单数，故填is infected。 84．advocates 【详解】考查定语从句和主谓一致。句意：Williams先生是一个保守派，他主张减少政府对商业的控制。根据分析句子结构可知，who引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是a conservative，who相当于先行词，为单数，空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式advocates，作定语从句的谓语。故填advocates。 85．energize 【详解】考查动词。句意：通过定期锻炼，你可以改善你的外表，让自己充满活力，并完成一些积极的事情。空处和动词“improve”以及“accomplish”并列，应填动词原形，energize“使充满活力”，动词。故填energize。 86．have been rising 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：很难确切地说有多少人同意他的观点，但研究表明，这一数字已经上升了一段时间。结合句意及空后的“for some time”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情一直持续到现在，可能还会继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，结构为“have/has been doing”，主语numbers是名词复数，助动词用have，故填have been rising。 87．was given 【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：同年，郎平获得了CCTV体育人物奖最佳教练奖和体育特别贡献奖。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语that year，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Lang Ping，结合主谓一致。故填was given。 88．is regarded 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：如今，骑自行车、慢跑和游泳被认为是最好的全方位运动形式之一。本句描述客观事实，动词regard和主语之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语动词与主语cycling保持一致，应该用单数形式。故填is regarded。 89．were rescued 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在武汉的嘿Cat咖啡馆，“员工”都是流浪黑猫，大多数是几个月前被爱心人士救出来的。根据句中的时间状语several months ago可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语most of whom表示复数，whom指代前面的stray black cats，所以谓语应用复数形式；且主语和rescue之间是动宾关系，所以应用被动语态。故填were rescued。 90．have been produced 【详解】考查动词语态。句意：自从技术革命以来，这家工厂制造了大量的机器。主语A great many machines与produce是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由since the technological revolution可知，应用现在完成时，即现在完成时的被动语态，主语A great many machines是复数，谓语动词应用原形形式。故填have been produced。 91．is acknowledged 【详解】考查一般现在时态的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：我们的班主任被公认为是学院里最慷慨、最勤奋、最热心的老师。固定短语：acknowledge…as…“把……当作……”；该句在描述一个客观事实，且句子主语Our headteacher是单数第三人称和acknowledge之间是被动关系，是一般现在时的被动语态。故答案为is acknowledged。 92．is resolved 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：先生，请给我您的账号，我去查询，确保问题尽快解决。分析句子可知，“ the issue_______(resolve) as soon as possible”是make sure后的宾语从句，根据句意，表示现在的事情，要用一般现在时，issue与resolve之间是动宾关系，要用-般现在时的被动语态，主语issue是单数，be动词用is。故填is resolved。 93．has 【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：不止一位农民歌手出现在春晚的舞台上，比如朱志文。more than one+单数名词表示“不止一个”，谓语用单数，描述现在的情况用一般现在时，故填has。 94．have been developing 【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，科学家们一直在开发新型的假肢来帮助人们克服残疾。根据时间状语“Over the last few years”可知，用现在完成时，根据句意可知，此处强调过去动作对现在造成的影响，且动作可能会延续下去，用现在完成进行时。主语是复数，谓语动词用复数，故填have been developing。 95．has been rising 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自今年该旅游景点重新开放以来，游客数量稳步上升，尽管与往年相比大幅下降。结合状语从句“since the tourist attraction reopened this year”和语境可知，主句应用现在完成进行时，强调游客数量的增加在持续。the number of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数，故填has been rising。 96．is composed 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：生活是由很多元素组成的，比如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等等。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词；根据句意，应用一般现在时，表示客观事实；compose为及物动词，表示“组成、构成”，固定短语be composed of...表示“由……组成”，符合句意，故应用被动语态；主语是“Life”，谓语应用单数形式。故填is composed。 97．has been 【详解】考查现在完成时，主谓一致；句意：反映一些腐败案件的电视剧《人民的名义》自从3月28日开播以来，受到数以百万计人的广泛欢迎。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要补充谓语动词，根据时间状语连词since及从句since it began on March 28th可知，此处时态为现在完成时，因主语A TV series一部电视剧，表示单数概念，因此谓语需使用单数的现在完成时，即has been。故填has been。 98．has declined 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：新的研究发现，在加利福尼亚超过4.6万平方英里的森林中，直径大于2英尺的树木数量已经减少了50%。根据till now可知，应用现在完成时。“The number of+名词复数”做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，故填has declined。 99．has acknowledged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我真正佩服的是她承认身体健康不仅使我们更美丽，也使我们更快乐！此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为she，助动词用has。故填has acknowledged。 100．has maintained 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，心理学研究一直认为，男性和女性对压力都有相同的“战或逃”反应。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以maintain作本句谓语，根据时间状语until now可知，用现在完成时，主语是psychological research为第三人称单数。故填has maintained。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$