04 阅读理解说明文+议论文专题（2）-2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编

03.【全文翻译+解析】——阅读理解说明文+议论文（2） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 3. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 5. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 6. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 细节理解题 词义猜测题 主旨大意题 推理判断题 体裁分布 命题趋势 2024 新高考II卷 1 1 1 3 C/D说明文 1. 近三年说明文和议论文阅读理解主要考查以下题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题。 2. 其中的长词、长难句结构划分和拆解成为阅读的难点。 2023 新高考II卷 2 2 5 C/D说明文 2022 新高考II卷 2 1 1 4 C/D说明文 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考II卷C篇阅读理解） We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 28. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 29. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 30. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 2. （2024年新高考II卷D篇阅读理解） Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with Al to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 32. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 33. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 34. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 3. （2023年新高卷II卷C篇阅读理解） Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity. 28. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing. C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings. 29. What are the selected artworks about? A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school. C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure. 30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Understand. B. Paint. C. Seize. D. Transform. 31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A. The printed book is not totally out of date. B. Technology has changed the way we read. C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D. People now rarely have the patience to read. 4. （2023年新高卷II卷D篇阅读理解） As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves. ” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 32. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. Pocket parks are now popular. B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C. Many cities are overpopulated. D. People enjoy living close to nature. 33. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A. To compare different types of park-goers. B. To explain why the park attracts tourists. C. To analyze the main features of the park. D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 34. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C. The same nature experience takes different forms. D. The nature language enhances work performance. 35. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation. C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication. 5. （2022年新高考II卷C篇阅读理解） Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately. " "Big change requires big ideas. " he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. " 28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer. 6. （2022年新高考II卷D篇阅读理解） As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner. “Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. “We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. ” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says. “The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all. ” Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band? A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack. C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart. 33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. Diet plan. B. Professional background. C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition. 34. What does Levine’s research find? A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise. B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young. C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise. D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get. 35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest? A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants. C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 03. 【全文翻译+解析】——阅读理解说明文+议论文（1） 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 3. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 5. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题C篇） 6. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题D篇） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 细节理解题 词义猜测题 主旨大意题 推理判断题 体裁分布 命题趋势 2024 新高考II卷 1 1 1 3 C/D说明文 1. 近三年说明文和议论文阅读理解主要考查以下题型：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、主旨大意题。 2. 其中的长词、长难句结构划分和拆解成为阅读的难点。 2023 新高考II卷 2 2 5 C/D说明文 2022 新高考II卷 2 1 1 4 C/D说明文 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考II卷C篇阅读理解） We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 28. What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A. It guarantees the variety of food. B. It requires day-to-day care. C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D. It relies on farmer’s markets. 29. What information does the convenient app offer? A. Real-time weather changes. B. Current condition of the plants. C. Chemical pollutants in the soil. D. Availability of pre-seeded pods. 30. What can be concluded about BMF employees? A. They have a great passion for sports. B. They are devoted to community service. C. They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D. They have a strong environmental awareness. 31. What does the text mainly talk about? A. BMF’s major strengths. B. BMF’s general management. C. BMF’s global influence. D. BMF’s technical standards. 【译文】 我们都知道新鲜对食物是最好的，然而，商店里的大多数农产品经过了数周的旅行，在到达餐桌之前覆盖了数百英里。虽然农贸市场是一个可靠的选择，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）缩短了它更加 BMF是一个室内花园系统，它可以为一个家庭设置，此外，它可以服务更多的观众，如医院，餐厅或学校，创新的设计不需要什么努力来实现可靠的每周新鲜绿色蔬菜供应 具体来说，这是一个农场，依靠新技术通过云连接，BMF远程监控，有一个方便的应用程序，提供实时增长数据因为系统是自动化，它大大减少了所需的水种植植物而不是浇水行的土壤，系统提供了正确的数量，每个植物收获后，用户简单地替换植物与一个新的预种子荚（容器）开始下一个生长周期 此外，在被食用的建筑里有一个系统意味着将植物从土壤运输到沙拉丁的零排放（排放）。此外，不需要杀虫剂和其他污染传统农场和周围环境的化学物质 BMF员工可持续性生活在日常生活中大约一半的步行或骑自行车在办公室工作，他们鼓励回收和减少垃圾通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料“我们热衷于减少浪费，碳和化学物质在我们的环境中，”BMF员工说 28从第1段可以了解到关于BMF的什么？ A. 它保证了食物的多样性 B.它需要日常护理 C. 它缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离 D. 它依赖于农贸市场 29.这个方便的应用程序提供了什么信息？ A.实时天气变化 B.工厂的现状 C.土壤中的化学污染物 D. 预先播种的豆荚的可达性 关于BMF的员工，我们可以得出什么结论呢？ A. 他们对体育运动充满了热情 B. 他们致力于社区服务 C.他们喜欢分享日常的经历 D. 他们有很强的环保意识 这篇文章主要讲的是什么？ A. BMF的主要优势 B. BMF的一般管理 C. BMF的全球影响力 D. BMF的技术标准 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 【解析】 28题：细节理解题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”可知，巴比伦微型农场（BMF）进一步缩短了从农场到餐桌的距离。故选C。 29题：细节理解题。根据第三段“Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. (此外，还有一个便捷的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据)”可知，这个便捷的应用程序提供了植物生长的实时数据。故选B。 30题：推理判断题。根据最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，BMF员工具有强烈的环保意识。故选D。 31题：主旨大意题。根据第一段“While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程)”、第三段“By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. (通过云连接，对BMF进行远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，因此大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统不是给一排排土壤浇水，而是为每株植物提供合适的水量)”以及最后一段“BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. (BMF员工在日常生活中追求可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”)”可知，文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。故选A。 2. （2024年新高考II卷D篇阅读理解） Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. As we soon come to learn from AI by Design, AI is already super-smart and will become more capable, moving from the current generation of “narrow-AI” to Artificial General Intelligence. From there, Campbell says, will come Artificial Dominant Intelligence. This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now-several decades before these developments are expected to take place. She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible for AI-the technology companies and world leaders-so they are on the same page as all the experts currently developing it. She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity. We need to consider how we want our future with Al to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. 32. What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. If read by someone poorly educated. B. If reviewed by someone ill-intentioned. C. If written by someone less competent. D. If translated by someone unacademic. 33. What is a feature of AI by Design according to the text? A. It is packed with complex codes. B. It adopts a down-to-earth writing style. C. It provides step-by-step instructions. D. It is intended for AI professionals. 34. What does Campbell urge people to do regarding AI development? A. Observe existing regulations on it. B. Reconsider expert opinions about it. C. Make joint efforts to keep it under control. D. Learn from prior experience to slow it down. 35. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A. To recommend a book on AI. B. To give a brief account of AI history. C. To clarify the definition of AI. D. To honor an outstanding AI expert. 【译文】 鉴于人工智能的惊人潜力改变我们的生活，我们都需要采取行动来处理我们的未来，这就是人工智能设计：人工智能生活计划在这个吸收新书卡特里奥娜坎贝尔是一个实用的路线图解决即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战（变革） 在错误的手中，这样的一本书可能证明复杂的计算机代码（代码）人工智能，但谢天谢地，坎贝尔有二十多年的专业经验翻译到理解she写从商人的实际角度而不是一个学术，使指南是高度访问和信息，这，最后，会让你觉得几乎和人工智能一样聪明 随着我们很快学习从人工智能设计，人工智能已经超级智能，将变得更强大，从当前一代的“窄-人工智能”人工通用智能，坎贝尔说，将人工主导智能这就是为什么坎贝尔开始提高人工智能及其未来——几十年前这些发展预计将采取她说至关重要的，我们保持控制人工智能，否则被边缘化的风险，甚至更糟 坎贝尔的观点是唤醒那些负责人工智能——科技公司和世界领导人——所以他们在同一页的所有专家目前发展她解释说我们在历史上的“临界点”，现在必须采取行动，防止灭绝事件我们需要考虑我们希望我们的未来与Al泛等结构化思维，其次是全球监管，将使我们实现伟大而不是我们的垮台 人工智能会影响我们所有人，如果你只读了一本关于这个主题的书，这就是它 31. 第2段中的“在坏人之中”可能是什么意思？ 如果被受教育程度较低的人阅读 如果被一个恶意的人评论过 这是由一个不太称职的人写的 如果由非学术性的人翻译 32. 根据文本，设计人工智能的特点是什么？ A.它充满了复杂的代码 B. 它比特采用了一种脚踏实地的写作风格 C.它提供了一步一步的说明 D. 它是为人工智能专业人士设计的 32. 坎贝尔敦促人们在人工智能开发方面做些什么？ A. 遵守现有的规定 B. 重新考虑专家的意见 C. 通过共同努力来控制它 D. 请从以前的经验中学习，以放慢速度 33. 作者写这个文本的目的是什么？ A. 我向你推荐一本关于人工智能的书 B. 简要介绍人工智能的历史 C. 明确人工智能的定义 D. 请向杰出的人工智能专家致敬 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书。该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机。 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 32题：词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，推测划线短语表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C项。 33题：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. (值得庆幸的是，坎贝尔有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容。她从商业人士的实际角度而不是学者的角度出发，撰写了一本非常通俗易懂、内容丰富的指南，读完后会让你觉得自己几乎和人工智能一样聪明)”可知，坎贝尔在书中将令人兴奋的内容转化为可理解的内容，这本书的特点是通俗易懂，推测它采用了接地气的写作风格。故选B项。 34题：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有被边缘化甚至更糟的风险)”和文章最后一段“We need to consider how we want our future with AI to pan out. Such structured thinking, followed by global regulation, will enable us to achieve greatness rather than our downfall. (我们需要考虑我们希望人工智能的未来如何发展。这种结构化的思维，加上全球监管，将使我们走向伟大，而不是走向衰败)”可知，坎贝尔敦促人们保持对人工智能的控制，考虑人工智能的未来应如何发展，所以关于人工智能的发展，坎贝尔敦促人们共同努力将其控制住。故选C项。 35题：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革). (考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这正是AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence的用武之地。卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔撰写的这本引人入胜的新书是一本实用的路线图，旨在应对即将到来的人工智能革命带来的挑战)”和文章最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it. (人工智能将影响我们所有人，如果你只读一本关于这个主题的书，那就是这本书)”可知，本文主要介绍了Catriona Campbell所著AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence一书，该书作为应对AI革命挑战的实用指南，以商业视角阐述AI发展现状与前景，强调控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界协同确保人工智能安全发展，以防潜在危机，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是推荐一本关于人工智能的书。故选A项。 3. （2023年新高卷II卷C篇阅读理解） Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books,” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses —absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect (才智), wealth or faith of the subject. Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks — transforming covers, pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity. 28. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on the art of writing. C. A guidebook to a museum. D. A review of modern paintings. 29. What are the selected artworks about? A. Wealth and intellect. B. Home and school. C. Books and reading. D. Work and leisure. 30. What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Understand. B. Paint. C. Seize. D. Transform. 31. What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? A. The printed book is not totally out of date. B. Technology has changed the way we read. C. Our lives in the 21st century are networked. D. People now rarely have the patience to read. 【译文】 阅读艺术：艺术读书爱好者是一个庆祝日常物品的书，代表在近三百艺术品从世界各地的博物馆读者的形象出现在历史上，在艺术早在书我们现在知道他们进入在艺术家的书籍和阅读，我们看到共享人类的时刻，超越文化和时间 在这“书，”艺术品的选择和安排的方式，强调不同时代之间的联系和文化的场景我们看到孩子们学习阅读在家里或学校，书作为一代之间的关系一代成年人描绘（描绘）单独在许多设置和姿势，吸收在卷，深入思考或迷失的时刻这些场景可能是几百年前画的，但它们记录了我们都能想到的时刻 书本身可以象征性地在绘画展示智力（才智），财富或信仰的主题印刷机的广泛使用之前，书籍是珍贵的物品，可以在自己的艺术品最近，书籍已经变得廉价甚至一次性，艺术家使用他们作为艺术品的原材料——改变封面、页面甚至完整的卷到绘画和雕塑 通讯技术的持续发展曾经被认为是使印刷页面从21世纪的角度来看，印刷书当然是古老的，但它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样交互功能，一本书必须由用户激活：封面打开，页面分开，内容审查，也许笔记写下或文字与我们日益网络化的生活我们消费的信息被监控和跟踪，印刷书仍然提供一个完全私人的，“离线”活动的机会 28. 这个文本最有可能来自哪里？ A. 对一本书的介绍 B. 一篇关于写作艺术的文章 C. 加州去博物馆的旅游指南 D. 对现代绘画的评论 29. 这些精选的艺术品是关于什么的？ A. 财富和智力 B. Home和学校 C. Books和阅读 D. Work和休闲 30. 第2段中下划线的单词“相关”是什么意思？ A. 理解 B. 绘画 C. 背诵 D. 转换 31. 作者提到电子阅读器是想说什么的？ A. 印刷的书并没有完全过时 B. 技术已经改变了我们的阅读方式 C. 21世纪的生活是网络化的 D. 人们现在很少有耐心阅读 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印刷书籍和阅读对人类的重要意义。 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 31. A 【解析】 28题：推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第一段“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object — the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. (Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers这一活动是为书籍这一日常物品办的典礼，这里有来自世界各地博物馆的近三百件艺术品)”以及倒数第二段“Before the wide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. (在印刷机广泛使用之前，书籍是珍贵的物品，它们本身就可以成为艺术品)”可推知，本文最有可能出自一篇关于著作艺术的文章。故选B。 29题：细节理解题。通过文章第二段“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”可知，选定的艺术品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。 30题：词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. (艺术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这本书是几代人之间关系的焦点)”以及“These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments (这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相互联系和理解的纽带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。 31题：推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader (它仍然像任何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性)”以及“printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “off-line” activity (印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离线”活动的机会)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。 4. （2023年新高卷II卷D篇阅读理解） As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves. ” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 32. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. Pocket parks are now popular. B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C. Many cities are overpopulated. D. People enjoy living close to nature. 33. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A. To compare different types of park-goers. B. To explain why the park attracts tourists. C. To analyze the main features of the park. D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 34. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C. The same nature experience takes different forms. D. The nature language enhances work performance. 35. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation. C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication. 【译文】 随着城市的飞速发展，居住在城市地区的人们进入自然的机会越来越难找到。如果你幸运的话，在你住的地方附近可能会有一个口袋公园，但在一个城市里找到相对野生的地方是不寻常的 过去的研究发现，自然对人类的健康有益，但一项新的研究表明，城市地区的野性对人类的福祉极其重要 研究团队专注于一个大型城市公园他们调查了几百游客，要求他们提交书面总结在线的有意义的互动与自然公园的研究人员然后检查这些提交，编码（编码）经验到不同的类别例如，一个参与者的经验“我们坐在听海浪在海滩上一段时间”被分配的类别“坐在海滩”和“听海浪” 在320份提交的文件中，研究人员称之为“自然语言”的类别模式开始出现。在对所有提交的文件进行编码之后，有6个类别被认为对游客最重要。这些类别包括遇到野生动物，沿着水边行走，以及沿着既定的小径走 命名每个自然体验创建一个可用的语言，这有助于人们识别和参加活动，最令人满意的和有意义的例如，沿着水边行走的经验可能满足一个年轻的专业人士周末徒步在市中心在工作日，他们可以享受更多的国内形式的交互走在喷泉午餐休息 “我们正在努力创造一种语言，帮助将人性的互动回到我们的日常生活，为了实现这一点，我们还需要保护自然，以便我们能够与之互动，”该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说 32. 作者在文本的开头描述了什么现象？ A. 大口袋公园现在很受欢迎 B. 在城市里很难找到野生的大自然 C. 许多城市人口过剩 D. 人们喜欢在大自然的生活 33. 为什么研究人员将参与者提交的内容编码为不同的类别？ A. 为了比较不同类型的公园游客 B. 来解释为什么这个公园会吸引游客 C. 来分析这个公园的主要特征 D. 在访客者摘要中找到模式 34. 我们能从第5段中给出的例子中学到什么？ A. 行走是接触自然的最好方式 B. 年轻人太忙了，无法与大自然互动 C. 相同的自然体验有不同的形式 D. 自然语言可以提高工作性能 35. 根据卡恩的说法，在我们能够与自然互动之前，我们应该做些什么呢？ A. 语言研究 B. 环境保护 C. 公共教育 D. 跨文化交流 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 32题：细节理解题。根据第一段内容“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. (随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B。 33题：推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别)”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类，再根据第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. (在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为“自然语言”的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要)”可推断，给游客分类是为了区分不同的游客类别。故选A。 34题：推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. (命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式)”可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。 35题：推理判断题。根据最后一段““We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. (“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，”该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说。)”可推断，彼得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B。 5. （2022年新高考II卷C篇阅读理解） Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply. That is partly because people are driving more, but Mark Rosekind, the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, said distracted（分心）driving was "only increasing, unfortunately. " "Big change requires big ideas. " he said in a speech last month, referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior, lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. "We need something on the books that can change people's behavior,” said Félix W. Ortiz, who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. " 28. Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers' texting in the US? A. Ineffective. B. Unnecessary. C. Inconsistent. D. Unfair. 29. What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out? A. Where a driver came from. B. Whether a driver used their phone. C. How fast a driver was going. D. When a driver arrived at the scene. 30. What does the underlined word "something" in the last paragraph refer to? A. Advice. B. Data. C. Tests. D. Laws. 31. What is a suitable title for the text? A. To Drive or Not to Drive? Think Before You Start B. Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer C. New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers. D. The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer. 【译文】 在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务运动也尝试了各种方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机 然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都令人担忧。美国人仍在开车时发短信、使用社交网络和拍照。多年来发生的道路事故现在正在急剧上升 部分原因是人们开车更多，但美国国家公路交通安全管理局局长马克·罗斯金德说，分心（分心）驾驶“不幸地只是在增加” 他在上个月的一次演讲中说：“大变革需要大想法。”他指的是改善道路安全的必要性。因此，为了改变一种明显的现代行为，立法者和公共卫生专家回到了一种旧的方法：他们想把分心驾驶当作酒后驾驶来对待 从纽约立法者的一个想法是给警察一个新设备叫做德州会这样工作：一个官员到达车祸现场可以要求电话的司机和使用德州检查操作系统最近的活动技术可以确定司机刚刚发短信，电子邮件或做任何其他是不允许在纽约的免提驾驶法律 “我们需要一些可以改变人们行为的东西，”菲利克斯·沃尔蒂斯说，他推动国家2001年禁止司机手持设备，如果德州法案成为法律，他说，“人们将更害怕把手放在手机上。” 28. 以下哪一个最好地描述了美国禁止司机发短信的禁令？ A. 无效的 B. 不必要的 C. 不一致 D. 不公平的 29. 德州警察能帮助警察找出什么答案？ A.司机是从哪里来的 B. 一个司机是否使用了他们的手机 C. 一个司机开得有多快 D. 当一名司机到达现场时 30. 在最后一段中带下划线的单词“某物”指的是什么？ A.建议 B.数据 C. 测试 D.法律 31. 适合的标题是什么？ A. 不开车还是不开车？开始前先思考 B. 发短信和开车？小心德州人 C. 纽约禁止司机使用手持设备 开发下一代手机：短信系统。 【说明】 本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer（短信监控器）的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。 【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 【解析】 28题：推理判断题。根据第一段中“Over the last seven years, most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel. ”（在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。）以及第二段中“Yet the problem, by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. ”（然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化。）可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A选项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。 29题：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York's hands-free driving laws. ”（这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情。）可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B 选项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符，故选B。 30题：词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people's behavior. ”（我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西，）可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, he said, "people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. ”（他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，“人们会更害怕拿起手机。）可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。受到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。 31题：主旨大意题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中“That is partly because people are driving more. ”（部分原因是开车的人越来越多）可知，解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B选项Texting and Driving? Watch Out for the Textalyzer（发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器。）适合文章的标题。故选B。 6. （2022年新高考II卷D篇阅读理解） As we age, even if we’re healthy, the heart just isn’t as efficient in processing oxygen as it used to be. In most people the first signs show up in their 50s or early 60s. And among people who don’t exercise, the changes can start even sooner. “Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. Fortunately for those in midlife, Levine is finding that even if you haven’t been an enthusiastic exerciser, getting in shape now may help improve your aging heart. Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. Participants were randomly divided into two groups. The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic (无氧) exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. “We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. “And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was that their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. ” But the hearts of those who participated in less intense exercise didn’t change, he says. “The sweet spot in life to start exercising, if you haven’t already, is in late middle age when the heart still has flexibility,” Levine says. “We put healthy 70-year-olds through a yearlong exercise training program, and nothing happened to them at all. ” Dr. Nieca Goldberg, a spokeswoman for the American Heart Association, says Levine’s findings are a great start. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. 32. What does Levine want to explain by mentioning the rubber band? A. The right way of exercising. B. The causes of a heart attack. C. The difficulty of keeping fit. D. The aging process of the heart. 33. In which aspect were the two groups different in terms of research design? A. Diet plan. B. Professional background. C. Exercise type. D. Previous physical condition. 34. What does Levine’s research find? A. Middle-aged hearts get younger with aerobic exercise. B. High-intensity exercise is more suitable for the young. C. It is never too late for people to start taking exercise. D. The more exercise we do, the stronger our hearts get. 35. What does Dr. Nieca Goldberg suggest? A. Making use of the findings. B. Interviewing the study participants. C. Conducting further research. D. Clarifying the purpose of the study. 【译文】 随着年龄的增长，即使我们很健康，心脏处理氧气的效率也不如大多数人高，第一个症状出现在50多岁或60岁出头，而在不运动的人中，变化可以更早开始 “想想橡胶带一开始，它是灵活的，但把它放在一个抽屉里20年，它会变得干燥，容易破碎，”DrBen莱文说，心脏专家德克萨斯大学发生的心幸运的是在中年，莱文发现，即使你没有一个热情的锻炼者，在现在成形可能有助于改善你老化的心脏 莱文和他的研究团队选择年龄在45到64岁的志愿者不锻炼，但健康的参与者被随机分为两组第一组参加项目的非有氧运动（无氧）平衡训练和重量训练每周三次第二组做高强度有氧运动的指导下教练每周四天或更多的两年后，第二组看到心脏健康有显著改善 “我们把这些50岁的心，把时钟回到30或35岁的心，”莱文说“他们有如此强大和健康的原因是，他们的心现在可以填满更好和泵（泵送）更多的血液在运动”但那些参与剧烈运动的心没有改变，他说 “如果你还没有开始锻炼，生活中开始锻炼的最佳时机，就是在中年后期，”莱文说，“我们让70岁的健康儿童进行了为期一年的锻炼训练计划，他们什么也没发生。” 美国心脏协会发言人德尼卡·戈德堡说，莱文的发现是一个伟大的开始，但这项研究很小，需要在更大的人群中重复，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响 31. 莱文提到橡皮筋想解释些什么？ A. 这是一种正确的锻炼方式 B. 心脏病发作的原因 C. 保持健康的困难 D. 描述心脏的衰老过程 33. 两组在研究设计方面在哪方面有所不同？ A. 饮食计划 B. 专业背景 C. 练习类型 D. 以前的物理条件 34. 莱文的研究发现了什么？ A. 通过有氧运动，中年时期的心脏会越来越年轻 B. 身体高强度的运动更适合年轻人 C. 人们开始锻炼永远不会太晚 D. 我们做得越多，我们的心就越强壮 35. 德尼卡·戈德堡建议什么？ A. 充分利用这些研究结果 B. 采访研究参与者 C. 进行进一步的研究 D. 明确本研究的目的 【说明】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是锻炼对于心脏的好处。 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 32题：推理判断题。根据第二段的““Think of a rubber band. In the beginning, it is flexible, but put it in a drawer for 20 years and it will become dry and easily broken,” says Dr. Ben Levine, a heart specialist at the University of Texas. That’s what happens to the heart. (“想想橡皮筋。一开始，它是灵活的，但把它放在抽屉里20年，它就会变得干燥，很容易破碎，”德克萨斯大学的心脏专家本·莱文博士说。这就是心脏的变化。)”可知，莱文想通过提到橡皮筋来解释心脏的老化过程，故选D。 33题：推理判断题。根据第三段的“The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week. The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. (第一组每周参加三次非有氧运动——平衡训练和重量训练。第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。)”可知，两组在研究设计上的不同在于运动类型的不同，故选C。 34题：细节理解题。根据第三段的“The second group did high-intensity aerobic exercise under the guidance of a trainer for four or more days a week. After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. (第二组在教练的指导下每周进行4天或更多的高强度有氧运动。两年后，第二组的心脏健康状况有了显著改善。)”和第四段的““We took these 50-year-old hearts and turned the clock back to 30-or 35-year-old hearts,” says Levine. (莱文说:“我们把这些50岁的心脏的时钟拨回30或35岁的心脏。”)”可知，莱文的研究发现了通过有氧运动，中年人的心脏会变得更年轻，故选A。 35题：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference. (但这项研究的规模很小，需要在更大的人群中重复进行，以确定日常锻炼的哪些方面会产生最大的影响。)”可知，妮卡·戈德堡博士建议进行进一步的研究。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$