Unit 2 Learning About Language（导学案)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高二英语同步学与练（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Period 2 Learning About Language（导学案） 2024年课程标准 学习目标 本节课的定位是名词性从句的复习课。主要帮助学生复习名词性从句的基本构成和连接词的选择。本节课选取了当下热门的“intercultural communication”这一话题，旨在通过具体语境的练习，提高学生语法的实际运用能力。 【语言能力】 总结名词性从句的功能和用法，包括常见的连词和句子结构。 【思维品质】 学生能在具体语境情境中合理使用名词性从句。 【文化意识】 了解现代文化交流的意义，了解跨文化交流中常见的问题和解决方法。 【观察例句】 1．What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei. 2．It's important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life. 3．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 4．Her tutor explained that she was supposed to read lots of information to help form a wise opinion of her own. 5．He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 6．The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 名词性从句 ►1.名词性从句的定义：名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 ►2.名词性从句的连接词：引导名词性从句的连接词有三个连词、五个连接代词、四个连接副词。 连接词 词形 词义 在从句中所作的成分 连词 that × × if/whether 是否 × 连接代词 who(ever) (无论)谁(主格) 主语、表语、宾语 whom(ever) (无论)谁(宾格) 表语、宾语 whose(ever) (无论)谁的(所有格) 定语 what(ever) (无论)什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语 which(ever) (无论)哪个 主语、宾语、定语 连接副词 when(ever) (无论)什么时候 状语 where(ever) (无论)在哪里 状语 how(ever) (无论)怎样，怎么 状语 why 为什么 状语 ►3.主语从句：主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。 1．that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。 That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。 2．whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。 Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。 Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. ＝It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.这项工作能否按时完成还不确定。 3．若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。 It is announced that our school is going to start an activity of “Crazy English” before daily morning exercises. 学校通知每日早操前将开展“疯狂英语”活动。 It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality.人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。 【变式练3-1】It is certain ________she will do well in her exam. 【变式练3-2】How we understand things has a lot to do with ________we feel. 【变式练3-3】It is reported ________a new film will be put on in the cinema. ►4.宾语从句：在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。 1．that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。 She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday. 她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。 2．if和whether引导宾语从句的区别： ①在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 ②在whether...or not 的固定搭配中，只用 whether。 ③在介词后，只能用whether。 ④作discuss 的宾语时，只能用 whether。 ⑤宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。 3．带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。 4．表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。例如：hate，dislike，love，don't mind，feel like，appreciate，rely on，count on，see to等。 We think it possible that you can finish the work today.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。 5．宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I don't think we need to waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。(形式上否定) 【变式练4-1】I hate it ___________they talk with their mouths full of food. 【变式练4-2】Once we were left to decide __________to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. 【变式练4-3】I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. ►5.表语从句：表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。 1．that在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。 The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们还是不够先进。 2．whether可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。 His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。 3．引导表语从句的引导词还可用because，as if，as though，as。 The sky is overcast with dark clouds.It seems as if it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布，似乎很快就要下雨了。 【变式练5-1】The problem is ______________ we can get to replace her. 【变式练5-2】I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is _____________he never finishes anything. 【变式练5-3】The system works well in the lab，but the question is _____________it will work in reality. ►6.同位语从句：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。常见的这类名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，promise，order，problem，belief，word，message，information，proof，announcement，desire，doubt，proposal，advice，possibility等。 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 同位语从句 定语从句 功能不同 对名词加以补充说明 与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用 that 不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略 作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略 whether/ how/what 起连接作用，其中whether不作成分，而how和what作成分 不引导定语从句 其他wh类词 作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词无关 作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分 【变式练6-1】Will the sports meeting be held on time？The question will be discussed tomorrow.（合并为同位语从句） 【变式练6-2】The headmaster will join us in hiking this Sunday.We are glad at the news.（合并为同位语从句） 【变式练6-3】Anew teacher will teach us English next term.The message reached me yesterday. 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 1、 单句语法填空 1. Previous teaching experience is a necessary _________ (qualify) for this job. 2. He’s a very _________ (ambition) boy and he wants to play at the highest level.  3. I was so _________ (comfort) and warm in bed I didn’t want to get up. 4. I look forward to your support and _________ (participate) in the programme. 5. Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively _________ these discussions. 6. Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks _________ (motivate). 7. I thought it was a perfectly _________ (reason) question. 8. We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.  9. The visit to Germany gave them _________ (expose) to the language. 10. She became deeply _________ (depress) when her husband died. 11. The organization’s aim is to _________ (strength) the cultural ties between Britain and Germany. 12. I think I have the _________ (competent) necessary for a tourist guide. 13. I _________ (sincere) believe that this is the right decision. 14. We would like to see closer _________ (cooperate) between parents and schools.  15. _________ summary, this was a disappointing performance. 二、完成句子 1. Building the house will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (花费我一大笔钱). 2. Adam always ________ ________ (站在……的一边) John in an argument. 3. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (就我而言), the issue is over. 4. She always ________ ________ (表现得体) when visiting her teachers. 5. Neil ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (否认他打破了窗户), but I'm sure he did. 6. ________ ________ (总之), I think that the treatment was very successful. 三、语法填空 Have you ever wanted the Earth to open and swallow you up? I had that feeling when I was on business in the Netherlands five years ago. I tried to make 1. ________ good impression on my business partner, but I made a fool of 2. ________ (I), instead! It all went wrong from the moment we 3.________ (shake) hands. I held out my right hand, but kept my left hand in my pocket. From my business partner's 4. ________ (react) I could tell that the Dutch find that very rude. I attempted 5.________ (make) things better, so I said, “What a 6. ________ (beauty) country Holland is!” My business partner wasn't pleased with my compliment ( 称赞). He made it very clear 7. ________ they never call the Netherlands Holland. Holland is just one region in the Netherlands. In Korea, keep your voice down. It's rude to talk or laugh loudly. Koreans, especially women, cover their mouths when they laugh; it's rude to show your 8. ________ (tooth)! In Arab countries, it's not a good idea to admire something too much; the owner will probably give it to you 9. ________ a present. Just imagine 10. ________ (go) back home with a real live camel ! ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Bridging Cultures Period 2 Learning About Language（导学案） 2024年课程标准 学习目标 本节课的定位是名词性从句的复习课。主要帮助学生复习名词性从句的基本构成和连接词的选择。本节课选取了当下热门的“intercultural communication”这一话题，旨在通过具体语境的练习，提高学生语法的实际运用能力。 【语言能力】 总结名词性从句的功能和用法，包括常见的连词和句子结构。 【思维品质】 学生能在具体语境情境中合理使用名词性从句。 【文化意识】 了解现代文化交流的意义，了解跨文化交流中常见的问题和解决方法。 【观察例句】 1．What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei. 2．It's important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life. 3．That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 4．Her tutor explained that she was supposed to read lots of information to help form a wise opinion of her own. 5．He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 6．The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 【归纳用法】 1．以上所有例句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于名词作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。 2．例句1为what引导的主语从句。例句2中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面that引导的主语从句。 3．例句3为why引导的表语从句。 4．例句4为that引导的宾语从句。例句5中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面that引导的宾语从句。 5． 例句6为that引导的同位语从句。 名词性从句 ►1.名词性从句的定义：名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 ►2.名词性从句的连接词：引导名词性从句的连接词有三个连词、五个连接代词、四个连接副词。 连接词 词形 词义 在从句中所作的成分 连词 that × × if/whether 是否 × 连接代词 who(ever) (无论)谁(主格) 主语、表语、宾语 whom(ever) (无论)谁(宾格) 表语、宾语 whose(ever) (无论)谁的(所有格) 定语 what(ever) (无论)什么 主语、宾语、表语、定语 which(ever) (无论)哪个 主语、宾语、定语 连接副词 when(ever) (无论)什么时候 状语 where(ever) (无论)在哪里 状语 how(ever) (无论)怎样，怎么 状语 why 为什么 状语 ►3.主语从句：主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句，位置与陈述句的主语相同。 1．that引导主语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，但不可省略。 That you will win the medal seems unlikely.你想获得奖牌看起来是不可能的。 2．whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首也可放在句尾，但if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。 Whether the sports meeting will be held is not certain now.运动会是否将举行现在不能确定。 Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful. ＝It is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed on time.这项工作能否按时完成还不确定。 3．若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，把真正的主语从句放于后面。 It is announced that our school is going to start an activity of “Crazy English” before daily morning exercises. 学校通知每日早操前将开展“疯狂英语”活动。 It is necessary that people should learn to face the reality.人们应该学会面对现实是有必要的。 【变式练3-1】It is certain ________she will do well in her exam. 【变式练3-2】How we understand things has a lot to do with ________we feel. 【变式练3-3】It is reported ________a new film will be put on in the cinema. 【答案】1. that 2. what 3. that ►4.宾语从句：在主从复合句中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句在句中可以作及物动词、介词或一些形容词的宾语。 1．that引导宾语从句，既无语法功能，也无词汇意义，常被省略。但多个并列从句出现时，第一个that可以省略，其他的不能省略。 She said (that) she would come here and that I should wait for her till Monday. 她说她将会来这儿并让我等到星期一。 2．if和whether引导宾语从句的区别： ①在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 ②在whether...or not 的固定搭配中，只用 whether。 ③在介词后，只能用whether。 ④作discuss 的宾语时，只能用 whether。 ⑤宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether。 3．带复合宾语(宾语＋宾语补足语)的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后面，而用it作形式宾语。 4．表示喜欢、憎恶等心理活动的动词后习惯上先加个形式宾语it，再接宾语从句。例如：hate，dislike，love，don't mind，feel like，appreciate，rely on，count on，see to等。 We think it possible that you can finish the work today.我们认为你今天能够完成这项工作。 5．宾语从句的否定转移：think，believe，suppose，imagine等动词后的宾语从句中的否定词要转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。 I don't think we need to waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面浪费太多时间。(形式上否定) 【变式练4-1】I hate it ___________they talk with their mouths full of food. 【变式练4-2】Once we were left to decide __________to have a picnic in a park or go to a museum. 【变式练4-3】I want to be liked and loved for __________I am inside. 【答案】1. when 2. whether 3. what ►5.表语从句：表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。 1．that在引导表语从句时无词义，在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用，不可以省略。 The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.事实依然是我们还是不够先进。 2．whether可引导表语从句，但if却通常不用于引导表语从句。 His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。 3．引导表语从句的引导词还可用because，as if，as though，as。 The sky is overcast with dark clouds.It seems as if it is going to rain soon.天空乌云密布，似乎很快就要下雨了。 【变式练5-1】The problem is ______________ we can get to replace her. 【变式练5-2】I'm afraid he's more of a talker than a doer，which is _____________he never finishes anything. 【变式练5-3】The system works well in the lab，but the question is _____________it will work in reality. 【答案】1. who/whom 2. why 3. whether ►6.同位语从句：在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某个名词后面，用来说明前面名词的具体内容。常见的这类名词有：fact，news，hope，truth，idea，suggestion，thought，question，promise，order，problem，belief，word，message，information，proof，announcement，desire，doubt，proposal，advice，possibility等。 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 同位语从句 定语从句 功能不同 对名词加以补充说明 与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用 that 不作成分，只起连接作用，不可省略 作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略 whether/ how/what 起连接作用，其中whether不作成分，而how和what作成分 不引导定语从句 其他wh类词 作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词无关 作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分 【变式练6-1】Will the sports meeting be held on time？The question will be discussed tomorrow.（合并为同位语从句） 【变式练6-2】The headmaster will join us in hiking this Sunday.We are glad at the news.（合并为同位语从句） 【变式练6-3】Anew teacher will teach us English next term.The message reached me yesterday. 【答案】1. The question whether the sports meeting will be held on time will be discussed tomorrow. 2. We are glad at the news that the headmaster will join us in hiking this Sunday. 3. The message that a new teacher will teach us English next term reached me yesterday. 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 1、 单句语法填空 1. Previous teaching experience is a necessary _________ (qualify) for this job. 2. He’s a very _________ (ambition) boy and he wants to play at the highest level.  3. I was so _________ (comfort) and warm in bed I didn’t want to get up. 4. I look forward to your support and _________ (participate) in the programme. 5. Everyone in the class is expected to participate actively _________ these discussions. 6. Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks _________ (motivate). 7. I thought it was a perfectly _________ (reason) question. 8. We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.  9. The visit to Germany gave them _________ (expose) to the language. 10. She became deeply _________ (depress) when her husband died. 11. The organization’s aim is to _________ (strength) the cultural ties between Britain and Germany. 12. I think I have the _________ (competent) necessary for a tourist guide. 13. I _________ (sincere) believe that this is the right decision. 14. We would like to see closer _________ (cooperate) between parents and schools.  15. _________ summary, this was a disappointing performance. 【答案】1.qualification 2.ambitious 3.comfortable 4.participation 5.in 6.motivation 7.reasonable 8.expectation 9.exposure 10.depressed 11.strengthen 12.competence 13.sincerely 14.cooperation 15.In 二、完成句子 1. Building the house will ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (花费我一大笔钱). 2. Adam always ________ ________ (站在……的一边) John in an argument. 3. ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (就我而言), the issue is over. 4. She always ________ ________ (表现得体) when visiting her teachers. 5. Neil ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (否认他打破了窗户), but I'm sure he did. 6. ________ ________ (总之), I think that the treatment was very successful. 【答案】1. cost me an arm and a leg 2. sides with 3. As far as I'm concerned 4. behaves well 5. denies that he broke the window 6. In summary 三、语法填空 Have you ever wanted the Earth to open and swallow you up? I had that feeling when I was on business in the Netherlands five years ago. I tried to make 1. ________ good impression on my business partner, but I made a fool of 2. ________ (I), instead! It all went wrong from the moment we 3.________ (shake) hands. I held out my right hand, but kept my left hand in my pocket. From my business partner's 4. ________ (react) I could tell that the Dutch find that very rude. I attempted 5.________ (make) things better, so I said, “What a 6. ________ (beauty) country Holland is!” My business partner wasn't pleased with my compliment ( 称赞). He made it very clear 7. ________ they never call the Netherlands Holland. Holland is just one region in the Netherlands. In Korea, keep your voice down. It's rude to talk or laugh loudly. Koreans, especially women, cover their mouths when they laugh; it's rude to show your 8. ________ (tooth)! In Arab countries, it's not a good idea to admire something too much; the owner will probably give it to you 9. ________ a present. Just imagine 10. ________ (go) back home with a real live camel ! 【答案】1. a 2. myself 3. shook 4. reaction 5. to make 6. beautiful 7. that 8. teeth 9. as 10. going ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$