精品解析：四川大学附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月零诊模拟考试英语试卷

川大附中高2022级6月零诊热身试题 高二 英语 （时间：120分钟 分值：150分） 注意事项：1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两大部分，共150分。考试时间120分钟。 2、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who gave the woman the dress? A. Her sister. B. Her husband. C. Her mother. 2. Where does the cat usually stay A. In a basket. B. In a tree. C. In the kitchen. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Wait for Dr. Block. B. Come another day. C. See another doctor. 4. What concerns the woman most in finding a new house? A. The size. B. The price. C. The view. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Waiter and customer. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman’s great news? A. She lost weight successfully. B. She passed an exam. C. She is going on holiday. 7. Who does the woman plan to call? A. Her friend. B. Her parents. C. Her teacher. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Educational differences. B. Eating habits. C. Good manners. 9. Where does the woman probably come from? A. China. B. Britain. C. Japan. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Sorry. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What was Tony like before? A. He was thin. B. He was heavy. C. He was strong. 12. How often does Melissa go to the gym? A. Every day. B. Never. C. Once a week. 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At Sarah’s house. B. At a gym. C. At a restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What position is the woman interviewing for? A. Marketing assistant. B. Marketing manager. C. Marketing director. 15. Why does the man want to change his job A. He doesn’t like his co-workers. B. He wants to study for a degree. C. He wants a pay raise. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Go home. B. Introduce himself. C. Wait outside. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Builders. 18. When will the new building probably be finished? A. In May. B. In December. C. In August. 19. What can be seen in the new library? A. New books. B. Pictures. C. A new school flag. 20. What prize will the winner get? A. A camera. B. A holiday. C. A book. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Ayung River Rafting About the trip Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level II to III and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours. Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip. You’ll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali’s natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest. Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River. Prices Ayung River Rafting Packages Price Ayung River Rafting Own Transport IDR 350/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 550/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 485/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 430/Person Tips ●We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs (纪念品). ●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes! ●Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use. ●Single-use raincoats are available if it rains. However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use. 1. What do we know about Ayung River Rafting? A. It’s an exciting guided adventure. B. It helps to conserve the rainforest. C. It offers unique insights into society. D. It’s operated on the world’s fastest river. 2. What’s the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer? A. IDR 430. B. IDR 485. C. IDR 1940. D. IDR 2200. 3 What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk? A. Swimsuits. B. Strong shoes. C. Raincoats. D. Wet clothes. B It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 4. How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A. Pleased. B. Challenged. C. Awful. D. Bored. 5. What bothered the author when winter came? A. Masses of freelance work. B. Failure to meet daily basics. C. The change in her own taste. D. The unexpected cold weather. 6. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To pursue what we really desire. D. To explore where our strengths lie. 7. What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Unclear. B. Critical. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. C Just after hatching, many birds learn to identify and follow the first moving object they encounter—a process called imprinting, which can offer protection in the wild as it helps them stay near a parent. It doesn’t take much visual information for a bird to learn to prefer one object and follow it. Researchers wanted to know whether AI models called transformers could do a similar task with limited inputs. Transformers are generic learning systems that can be trained to perform a wide variety of tasks, making them useful in both AI chatbots such as ChatGPT and in computer vision applications, such as autonomous car navigation. “To directly compare learning algorithms (计算程序) to brains, we need to train them on the same experiences,” says Samantha Wood at Indiana University Bloomington. She first raised chicks in a box where the only visual stimulation came from a rotating 3D object presented on a screen. After the first week, she ran each chick through hundreds of test trials that showed that same object on one screen－presented from both familiar and unfamiliar perspectives－and displayed a second unfamiliar object on another screen. The chicks spent more of their time near the first object, suggesting they had imprinted on it. The researcher then created a virtual simulation (仿造物) of the set-up and used a virtual agent to move through it while looking around and recording a first-person view. That provided tens of thousands of simulated images for training and evaluating four transformer models. The AI models had just 300 milliseconds to learn from each simulated image－approximating (接近于) how long biological neurons (神经元) fire after being presented with an image. The researcher found that the AIs could learn to recognise a 3D object as quickly and accurately as the chicks. The study is “a great piece of work” in comparing machine performance with biological brains, says Antone Martinho-Truswell at the University of Sydney. But he also notes, “We might be able to say that the chick ‘saw’its imprinting object, but that will have a component (成分) of experience to it. Particularly as imprinting is to do with identifying its mother, it would be unsurprising if that visual experience were combined with a suite of other components of experience: fear yielding to comfort, for example, as the chick comes to regard the object as its imprinted ‘mother’.” 8. Why do newborn birds engage in imprinting? A. To enhance their navigation skills. B. To develop their social behaviour. C. To improve their communication with other birds. D. To establish a protective connection with a guardian. 9. How did Samantha Wood conduct the initial experiment with chicks? A. She raised them in an environment with a rotating visual element. B. She exposed them to various visual stimulations in the wild. C. She showed them various moving objects on screens. D. She observed their behaviour in a natural habitat. 10. What role did the virtual simulation play in the research? A. To imitate the natural behaviour of birds. B. To assess the effectiveness of virtual agents. C. To examine the Al models’ability to identify a 3D object. D. To create a visually diverse environment for the chicks. 11. According to Antone Martinho-Truswell, what poses a challenge in comparing machine performance with biological brains? A. Rapid learning pace of AI models. B. Recreating real-world environments for experiments. C. The complexity and diversity of biological experiences. D. Conducting additional experiments with a range of animals. D If you’re seeking a plain-language intro to statistics, or just want to get better at judging the reliability of numbers in the news, Spiegelhalter’s The Art of Statistics is a solid crash course. The book is less about learning how to use specific mathematical tools than it is about exploring the numerous ways statistics can help solve real-world problems and why warnings are often added to statistical claims. Spiegelhalter, a statistician at the University of Cambridge, keeps things lively by tying new concepts to questions. For instance, should you worry that eating bacon will increase your risk of bowel (肠) cancer? The relative risk might make you think people who eat a bacon sandwich every day have an 18 percent higher risk of bowel cancer than those who don’t. But looking at the absolute risk—a rise of 6 to 7 cases per 100 people—may put your mind at ease. Spiegelhalter’s narration is encouraging, and he makes complex sections easier to resolve by including frequent summaries and lots of data visualizations. The Art of Statistics is alive with his enthusiasm for how statistics can be used to collect information for court cases, city planning and a host of other sectors. But Spiegelhalter warns readers not to forget the assumptions and uncertainties in any analysis, and tells many cautionary tales about the ways statistics can go off the track. For example, incomplete samples and logical missteps can lead to faulty conclusions. Spiegelhalter doesn’t let the media off the hook, either. Many of the questions he uses to introduce topics are drawn from misleading news reports. Such articles include one claiming that going to college increases your risk of getting a brain tumor (瘤), which mistook correlation for causation in data on socioeconomic status and tumor diagnoses. The Art of Statistics leaves readers with a better handle on the ins and outs of statistical analysis. As Spiegelhalter writes, “Numbers may appear to be cold, hard facts, but… they need to be treated with delicacy.” 12. What’s special about The Art of Statistics? A. It offers a reliable course in statistics. B. It focuses on reasonable data analyses. C. It warns the public of statistical claims. D. It includes effective tools for math learners. 13. What’s the purpose in mentioning the example in paragraph 2? A. To compare two dramatically different lifestyles. B. To stress the importance of having a healthy diet. C. To show an effective way to explain new concepts. D. To relieve public concern over unreliable numbers. 14. What do the underlined words “off the hook” mean in paragraph 5? A. Free from blame. B. Familiar to all. C. In good condition. D. Out of control. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Spiegelhalter: A Real Fighter Expert at Data Analyses B. The Art of Statistics: How to Avoid Faulty Conclusions C Spiegelhalter: A Statistician against Misleading Statistics D The Art of Statistics: How to Think Critically about Numbers 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。 The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes. ___16___ They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride. Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others. ___17___ In academic settings, social emotional competencies like self-regulation, motivation, and social awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability to learn, participate, and engage in school activities. ___18___ Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues. Learning social emotions involves a combination of personal experience, guidance, and formal education. ___19___ This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills. ___20___ It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes. A. What exactly are social emotions? B. The journey into mature emotion is quite easy. C. Social emotion learning for teenagers is essential. D. Central to this phase is the concept of social emotions. E. This helps shape their own personal principles and beliefs. F. Families play a crucial role in modeling and developing these skills. G. Moreover, social emotional skills are closely linked to mental health. 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sargassum is the smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean. It isn’t something most people ____21____ kindly. But for Omar de Vazquez, a gardener, it was something like a(an) ____22____. Years ago, as part of his gardening business, Omar launched a beach cleanup service to ____23____ the leafy seaweed. But, as its ____24____ intensified (增多，加剧), he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____25____ a way to use it in building blocks. He started his company — SargaBlock to market the bricks which are being ____26____ by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem. “When I look at SargaBlock, it’s like looking in a ____27____,” he says, comparing his company to overcoming his personal ____28____, including drug and alcohol addiction. “That was a time when I felt unwanted and ____29____, like the sargassum people complained about.” Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty, which ____30____ his character and turned him into someone who takes action. He wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad. Omar then put his idea into ____31____, mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then puts into a block-forming machine. The process was ____32____. The UNDP selected Omar’s work for their Accelerator Lab, which ____33____ and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally. The idea is that some of the most timely and creative ____34____ come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas ____35____. 21. A. look upon B. bring in C. give up D. come across 22. A. game B. gift C. race D. trouble 23. A. access B. harvest C. remove D. process 24. A. heat B. image C. presence D. movement 25. A. worked out B. called for C. showed off D. turned down 26. A. highlighted B. undervalued C. overemphasized D. withdrawn 27. A. window B. mirror C. dictionary D. puzzle 28. A. struggles B. fears C. desires D. opinions 29. A. appreciated B. infected C. interrupted D. rejected 30. A. fitted B. shaped C. revealed D. described 31. A. operation B. words C. bills D. profit 32. A. difficult B. transforming C. natural D. consuming 33. A. combines B. provides C. identifies D. drafts 34. A. responses B. reminder C. appeal D. issues 35. A. alongside B. offshore C. underneath D. firsthand 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 满分55分） 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has nearly 5,000 years of ___36___ (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than ___37___ of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood ___38___ raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods ___39___ (differ) greatly. Classical furniture is mostly made by hand Modern machines cannot ___40___ (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality. The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture—mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) work. Combining pieces of wood together, ___41___ (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site ___42___ the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the ___43___ (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity. Ancient Chinese ___44___ (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. ____45____ (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability. 写作（共两小节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，一名高三学生。英语作文读后续写这一项让你备受困扰。你计划向吉林大学张教授（此领域的专家）写一封求助信。希望他给予指导。内容包括： （1）介绍困扰；（2）希望得到帮助。 注意： (1）词数 80 左右： (2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 读后续写 continuation writing Dear Professor Zhang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was never “that girl” — the one who had charming appearance, and who enjoyed a colorful social life. I was another girl entirely, one who was considered “nice girls”, and the top student in class. Not that I didn’t care about friends or fun, I just didn’t think it was worth putting lots of time and effort into changing how I looked, how I acted, even as I started high school. Marissa was “that girl” — fun to be around, good to know. We are different, but our friendship began the first time we met at an exciting soccer match, on the second day of freshmen year. The excitement of the game and our shared interest in soccer connected us, I was deeply impressed with her enthusiasm, while she admired my calm. Our conversations went smoothly, and our relationship quickly turned into a close bond. However, as the school year progressed, Marissa’s outgoing personality began to conflict with my reserved nature. She stood out in social situations, constantly asking me to attend parties and social events. While I appreciated her efforts to include me, I felt awkward and uncomfortable to be forced into unfamiliar surroundings. Our once harmonious friendship started to crack, I tried to turn down her invitations, but in vain. One evening Marissa persuaded me to attend a large party at a classmate’s house. Surrounded by loud music and strange faces, I felt uneasy and upset. Marissa was the queen of the party, leaving me feeling extremely lonely. Her personality attracted others to her, creating a barrier between us. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: At that moment, I realized the growing divide between us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Since then, we worked together to find a balance of our personalities. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案 1-5 CACAB 6-10BBCAA 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 川大附中高2022级6月零诊热身试题 高二 英语 （时间：120分钟 分值：150分） 注意事项：1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两大部分，共150分。考试时间120分钟。 2、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡上相应的位置。 3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共95分） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Who gave the woman the dress? A. Her sister. B. Her husband. C. Her mother. 2. Where does the cat usually stay A. In a basket. B. In a tree. C. In the kitchen. 3. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Wait for Dr. Block. B. Come another day. C. See another doctor. 4. What concerns the woman most in finding a new house? A. The size. B. The price. C. The view. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Waiter and customer. C. Husband and wife. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman’s great news? A. She lost weight successfully. B. She passed an exam. C. She is going on holiday. 7. Who does the woman plan to call? A. Her friend. B. Her parents. C. Her teacher. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Educational differences. B. Eating habits. C. Good manners. 9. Where does the woman probably come from? A. China. B. Britain. C. Japan. 10. How does the woman sound in the end? A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Sorry. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What was Tony like before? A. He was thin. B. He was heavy. C. He was strong. 12. How often does Melissa go to the gym? A. Every day. B. Never. C. Once a week. 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At Sarah’s house. B. At a gym. C. At a restaurant. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What position is the woman interviewing for? A. Marketing assistant. B. Marketing manager. C. Marketing director. 15. Why does the man want to change his job A. He doesn’t like his co-workers. B. He wants to study for a degree. C. He wants a pay raise. 16. What will the man probably do next? A. Go home. B. Introduce himself. C. Wait outside. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. Teachers. B. Students. C. Builders. 18. When will the new building probably be finished? A. In May. B. In December. C. In August. 19. What can be seen in the new library? A. New books. B. Pictures. C. A new school flag. 20. What prize will the winner get? A. A camera. B. A holiday. C. A book. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A. B. C. D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Ayung River Rafting About the trip Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level II to III and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours. Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip. You’ll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali’s natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest. Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River. Prices Ayung River Rafting Packages Price Ayung River Rafting Own Transport IDR 350/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 550/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 485/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 5+, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 430/Person Tips ●We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs (纪念品). ●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes! ●Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use. ●Single-use raincoats are available if it rains. However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use. 1. What do we know about Ayung River Rafting? A. It’s an exciting guided adventure. B. It helps to conserve the rainforest. C. It offers unique insights into society. D. It’s operated on the world’s fastest river. 2. What’s the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer? A. IDR 430. B. IDR 485. C. IDR 1940. D. IDR 2200. 3. What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk? A. Swimsuits. B. Strong shoes. C. Raincoats. D. Wet clothes. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了阿荣河漂流旅游项目，包括漂流的时间、难度、导游服务以及漂流过程中可以欣赏到的自然美景。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据About the trip部分中“Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip.(我们的友好和经验丰富的救生筏导游将带您进行一次安全而有趣的旅行)”和“Don’t miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River.(不要错过这个令人难忘的冒险，它展示了阿荣河的美丽，和战胜阿荣河急流的兴奋和刺激)”可知，阿荣河是一次令人兴奋的有向导的冒险。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prices部分表格中第四行“Ayung River Rafting Group of 3 – 4, including Return Hotel Transfer(阿荣河漂流团3-4人，回程包括酒店接送)”和“IDR 485/Person(印尼盾 485 /人)”可知，回程包括酒店接送的4人团需要支付485×4=1940印尼盾。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Tips部分中“●Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes!(●旅途的起点和终点都很陡峭，请准备好耐磨的鞋子走路!)”可知，建议游客在走路时穿结实的鞋子。故选B项。 B It has been five years since I left my staff job and became self-employed. I remember my terror as I walked out of the office for the last time and the excitement when I sold my first piece days later. Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days. When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me — after masses of work, I earned none. I shared my fears with some businesswomen I knew — what if the reality would be more like what I was experiencing? Whether through choice or circumstance, the number of freelancers is rising and, if you’re just starting out, it is scary. I’ve been lucky that these women making money their own way shared key lessons about what it takes. You can’t feel half-hearted about what you do because, at some point, you’re going to have painful days. When that happens, you have to remember why you wanted this life in the first place. Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about. Setting up a business is tough. Rather than waiting until all is perfect, go for the moment when it feels as if momentum (势头) is with you. Look after yourself. There is no sick pay when you are self-employed. You can’t do a bad day’s work and blame it on your boss. You are the backbone of your business and you need to prioritize your health and well-being. Rest regularly and find like-minded people to support you and lift you up when things get hard. Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better. 4. How did the author feel when she was self-employed in paragraph 1? A. Pleased. B. Challenged. C. Awful. D. Bored. 5. What bothered the author when winter came? A. Masses of freelance work. B. Failure to meet daily basics. C. The change in her own taste. D. The unexpected cold weather. 6. According to the author, why should we quit for a new job? A. To escape from the current pain. B. To satisfy our temporary interests. C. To pursue what we really desire. D. To explore where our strengths lie. 7. What’s the author’s probable attitude towards becoming freelancers? A. Unclear. B. Critical. C. Favorable. D. Cautious. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要分享了作者自己成为自由职业者的经历以及对自由职业者的看法。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Working for yourself, setting your own hours and being responsible for your success or failure are exciting. I left my job just as summer was starting, and my first few months were as blissful as the fair days.(为自己工作，设定自己的时间，对自己的成功或失败负责，这些都是令人兴奋的。夏天刚开始，我就离职了，我的头几个月就像晴天一样幸福)”可知，作者为自己工作时感到高兴。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“When winter came, an office where someone else paid for the heating system and my salary was guaranteed seemed attractive. January is tough for freelancers (自由职业者), and it was no different for me—after masses of work, I earned none.(当冬天来临的时候，另一间办公室似乎很有吸引力，那里的供暖系统由别人买单，我的工资也有保障。一月对于自由职业者来说是艰难的，对我来说也一样——在做了大量的工作之后，我一无所获)”可知，冬天来了，不能满足日常基本需求困扰着作者。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Don’t quit your job for something that you think might be more interesting, quit it for something you can’t stop thinking about.(不要因为你认为可能更有趣事情而辞职，要因为你无法停止思考的事情而辞职)”可知，我们要辞职去找一份新工作是为了追求我们真正渴望的东西。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Finally, enjoy it. Freedom is yours and, if you can make it work, there is nothing better.(最后，享受它。自由是你的，如果你能让它发挥作用，那就再好不过了)”可知，作者对成为自由职业者可能持支持态度。故选C。 C Just after hatching, many birds learn to identify and follow the first moving object they encounter—a process called imprinting, which can offer protection in the wild as it helps them stay near a parent. It doesn’t take much visual information for a bird to learn to prefer one object and follow it. Researchers wanted to know whether AI models called transformers could do a similar task with limited inputs. Transformers are generic learning systems that can be trained to perform a wide variety of tasks, making them useful in both AI chatbots such as ChatGPT and in computer vision applications, such as autonomous car navigation. “To directly compare learning algorithms (计算程序) to brains, we need to train them on the same experiences,” says Samantha Wood at Indiana University Bloomington. She first raised chicks in a box where the only visual stimulation came from a rotating 3D object presented on a screen. After the first week, she ran each chick through hundreds of test trials that showed that same object on one screen－presented from both familiar and unfamiliar perspectives－and displayed a second unfamiliar object on another screen. The chicks spent more of their time near the first object, suggesting they had imprinted on it. The researcher then created a virtual simulation (仿造物) of the set-up and used a virtual agent to move through it while looking around and recording a first-person view. That provided tens of thousands of simulated images for training and evaluating four transformer models. The AI models had just 300 milliseconds to learn from each simulated image－approximating (接近于) how long biological neurons (神经元) fire after being presented with an image. The researcher found that the AIs could learn to recognise a 3D object as quickly and accurately as the chicks. The study is “a great piece of work” in comparing machine performance with biological brains, says Antone Martinho-Truswell at the University of Sydney. But he also notes, “We might be able to say that the chick ‘saw’its imprinting object, but that will have a component (成分) of experience to it. Particularly as imprinting is to do with identifying its mother, it would be unsurprising if that visual experience were combined with a suite of other components of experience: fear yielding to comfort, for example, as the chick comes to regard the object as its imprinted ‘mother’.” 8. Why do newborn birds engage in imprinting? A. To enhance their navigation skills. B. To develop their social behaviour. C. To improve their communication with other birds. D. To establish a protective connection with a guardian. 9. How did Samantha Wood conduct the initial experiment with chicks? A. She raised them in an environment with a rotating visual element. B. She exposed them to various visual stimulations in the wild. C. She showed them various moving objects on screens. D. She observed their behaviour in a natural habitat. 10. What role did the virtual simulation play in the research? A. To imitate the natural behaviour of birds. B. To assess the effectiveness of virtual agents. C. To examine the Al models’ability to identify a 3D object. D. To create a visually diverse environment for the chicks. 11. According to Antone Martinho-Truswell, what poses a challenge in comparing machine performance with biological brains? A. Rapid learning pace of AI models. B. Recreating real-world environments for experiments. C. The complexity and diversity of biological experiences. D. Conducting additional experiments with a range of animals. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员从鸟类身上得到启发，想知道人工智能模型是否可以在有限的输入下完成类似的任务。介绍了研究开展的经过。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Just after hatching, many birds learn to identify and follow the first moving object they encounter—a process called imprinting, which can offer protection in the wild as it helps them stay near a parent.(刚孵化出来，许多鸟就学会了识别和跟踪它们遇到的第一个移动物体——这一过程被称为“印记”，在野外可以提供保护，因为它可以帮助它们留在父母身边)”可知，新生的鸟类有印记是为了与监护人建立保护性联系。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“She first raised chicks in a box where the only visual stimulation came from a rotating 3D object presented on a screen.(她首先在一个盒子里饲养小鸡，唯一的视觉刺激来自屏幕上呈现的旋转3D物体)”可知，萨曼莎·伍德在一个有旋转视觉元素的环境中抚养小鸡，来进行最初的实验。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The AI models had just 300 milliseconds to learn from each simulated image－approximating (接近于) how long biological neurons (神经元) fire after being presented with an image. The researcher found that the AIs could learn to recognise a 3D object as quickly and accurately as the chicks.(人工智能模型从每张模拟图像中学习的时间只有300毫秒，这接近于生物神经元在看到图像后的激活时间。研究人员发现，人工智能可以像小鸡一样快速准确地学会识别3D物体)”可知，虚拟仿真在研究中检查人工智能模型识别3D物体的能力。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study is “a great piece of work” in comparing machine performance with biological brains, says Antone Martinho-Truswell at the University of Sydney. But he also notes, “We might be able to say that the chick ‘saw’its imprinting object, but that will have a component (成分) of experience to it. Particularly as imprinting is to do with identifying its mother, it would be unsurprising if that visual experience were combined with a suite of other components of experience: fear yielding to comfort, for example, as the chick comes to regard the object as its imprinted ‘mother’.”(悉尼大学的Antone Martinho-Truswell说，这项研究在比较机器与生物大脑的性能方面是“一项伟大的工作”。但他也指出，“我们可能会说小鸡‘看到’了它的印记物体，但这将有一个经验的组成部分。”特别是因为印记与识别母亲有关，如果这种视觉体验与一系列其他体验的组成部分结合在一起，那就不足为奇了：例如，当小鸡把这个物体视为它印记的‘母亲’时，恐惧被安慰所取代。”)”可知，根据Antone Martinho-Truswell的说法，将机器性能与生物大脑进行比较的挑战是生物经验的复杂性和多样性。故选C。 D If you’re seeking a plain-language intro to statistics, or just want to get better at judging the reliability of numbers in the news, Spiegelhalter’s The Art of Statistics is a solid crash course. The book is less about learning how to use specific mathematical tools than it is about exploring the numerous ways statistics can help solve real-world problems and why warnings are often added to statistical claims. Spiegelhalter, a statistician at the University of Cambridge, keeps things lively by tying new concepts to questions. For instance, should you worry that eating bacon will increase your risk of bowel (肠) cancer? The relative risk might make you think people who eat a bacon sandwich every day have an 18 percent higher risk of bowel cancer than those who don’t. But looking at the absolute risk—a rise of 6 to 7 cases per 100 people—may put your mind at ease. Spiegelhalter’s narration is encouraging, and he makes complex sections easier to resolve by including frequent summaries and lots of data visualizations. The Art of Statistics is alive with his enthusiasm for how statistics can be used to collect information for court cases, city planning and a host of other sectors. But Spiegelhalter warns readers not to forget the assumptions and uncertainties in any analysis, and tells many cautionary tales about the ways statistics can go off the track. For example, incomplete samples and logical missteps can lead to faulty conclusions. Spiegelhalter doesn’t let the media off the hook, either. Many of the questions he uses to introduce topics are drawn from misleading news reports. Such articles include one claiming that going to college increases your risk of getting a brain tumor (瘤), which mistook correlation for causation in data on socioeconomic status and tumor diagnoses. The Art of Statistics leaves readers with a better handle on the ins and outs of statistical analysis. As Spiegelhalter writes, “Numbers may appear to be cold, hard facts, but… they need to be treated with delicacy.” 12. What’s special about The Art of Statistics? A. It offers a reliable course in statistics. B. It focuses on reasonable data analyses. C. It warns the public of statistical claims. D. It includes effective tools for math learners. 13. What’s the purpose in mentioning the example in paragraph 2? A. To compare two dramatically different lifestyles. B. To stress the importance of having a healthy diet. C. To show an effective way to explain new concepts. D. To relieve public concern over unreliable numbers. 14. What do the underlined words “off the hook” mean in paragraph 5? A. Free from blame. B. Familiar to all. C. In good condition. D. Out of control. 15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Spiegelhalter: A Real Fighter Expert at Data Analyses B. The Art of Statistics: How to Avoid Faulty Conclusions C. Spiegelhalter: A Statistician against Misleading Statistics D. The Art of Statistics: How to Think Critically about Numbers 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了《统计的艺术》这本书如何帮助读者批判性地思考数字。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The book is less about learning how to use specific mathematical tools than it is about exploring the numerous ways statistics can help solve real-world problems and why warnings are often added to statistical claims.(这本书不是关于学习如何使用特定的数学工具，而是关于探索统计学可以帮助解决现实世界问题的众多方法，以及为什么经常在统计声明中添加警告)”可知，《统计的艺术》的特别之处在于注重合理的数据分析。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Spiegelhalter, a statistician at the University of Cambridge, keeps things lively by tying new concepts to questions. For instance, should you worry that eating bacon will increase your risk of bowel (肠) cancer? The relative risk might make you think people who eat a bacon sandwich every day have an 18 percent higher risk of bowel cancer than those who don’t. But looking at the absolute risk—a rise of 6 to 7 cases per 100 people—may put your mind at ease.(剑桥大学的统计学家Spiegelhalter通过将新概念与问题联系起来，使事情变得生动活泼。例如，你是否应该担心吃培根会增加你患肠癌的风险？这种相对风险可能会让你认为每天吃培根三明治的人患肠癌的风险比不吃的人高18%。但看看绝对风险——每100人中增加6到7例——可能会让你放心)”可知，在第二段提到这个例子的目的是展示解释新概念的有效方法。故选C。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Many of the questions he uses to introduce topics are drawn from misleading news reports.(他用来引入话题的许多问题都来自误导性的新闻报道)”可知，斯皮格霍尔特也不让媒体不受责备，因为他用来引入话题的许多问题都来自误导性的新闻报道。故划线词意思是“不受责备”。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“If you’re seeking a plain-language intro to statistics, or just want to get better at judging the reliability of numbers in the news, Spiegelhalter’s The Art of Statistics is a solid crash course.(如果你正在寻找一个简单的统计入门，或者只是想更好地判断新闻中数字的可靠性，Spiegelhalter的《统计的艺术》是一个坚实的速成课程)”结合文章主要介绍了《统计的艺术》这本书的特色以及作者书中的一些观点。可知，D选项“统计的艺术：如何批判性地思考数字”最符合文章标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余选项。 The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes. ___16___ They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride. Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others. ___17___ In academic settings, social emotional competencies like self-regulation, motivation, and social awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability to learn, participate, and engage in school activities. ___18___ Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues. Learning social emotions involves a combination of personal experience, guidance, and formal education. ___19___ This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills. ___20___ It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes. A. What exactly are social emotions? B. The journey into mature emotion is quite easy. C. Social emotion learning for teenagers is essential. D. Central to this phase is the concept of social emotions. E. This helps shape their own personal principles and beliefs. F. Families play a crucial role in modeling and developing these skills. G. Moreover, social emotional skills are closely linked to mental health. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. G 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期，说明了社会情感技能的作用和重要性。 【16题详解】 根据上文“The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes.(青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期)”以及后文“They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.(它们指的是在与他人互动时产生的感觉，比如感激、羞耻、同情、内疚和骄傲)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续说明青少年时期的情感变化阶段，故D选项“这个阶段的核心是社会情感的概念”符合语境，故选D。 17题详解】 根据上文“Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others.(理解和管理社会情绪可以帮助发展青少年的身份。青少年在社会交往中体验到各种各样的情绪，这对他们的自我理解和社会意识有很大的影响。在这个过程中，他们学会理解并适当地回应自己和他人的情绪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明理解和回应自己和他人情绪的作用。故E选项“这有助于塑造他们自己的个人原则和信仰”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues.(拥有强大社交情感技能的青少年能够更好地处理压力，抵抗同辈压力，避免危险行为，减少发展心理健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结后文，后文主要说明了社交情感技能会影响青少年心理健康。故G选项“此外，社交情感技能与心理健康密切相关”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据后文“This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills.(这种环境影响了青少年对如何沟通和管理情绪的最早理解。他们感到安全和支持自由地表达自己的情绪，并学会管理他们，而不用担心被评判。学校也通过在结构化的环境中教授这些技能的社会情感学习项目发挥了重要作用。社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动为青少年练习和完善他们的社交情感技能提供了额外的机会)”可知，后文列举了学校、社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动对培养情感技能的作用，可知本句也是在说明会影响青少年情绪技能的环境。故F选项“家庭在培养和培养这些技能方面起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 根据后文“It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes.(它有助于青少年管理自己的情绪，理解他人的情绪，以及面对社会复杂性的能力。这种学习是塑造他们的身份、影响他们的人际关系、学业成功、心理健康和未来生活成果的基石)”可知，本段总结了情感技能的重要性，C选项中Social emotion learning对应后文It。故C选项“对青少年来说，社会情感学习是必不可少的”符合语境，故选C。 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sargassum is the smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean. It isn’t something most people ____21____ kindly. But for Omar de Vazquez, a gardener, it was something like a(an) ____22____. Years ago, as part of his gardening business, Omar launched a beach cleanup service to ____23____ the leafy seaweed. But, as its ____24____ intensified (增多，加剧), he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____25____ a way to use it in building blocks. He started his company — SargaBlock to market the bricks which are being ____26____ by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem. “When I look at SargaBlock, it’s like looking in a ____27____,” he says, comparing his company to overcoming his personal ____28____, including drug and alcohol addiction. “That was a time when I felt unwanted and ____29____, like the sargassum people complained about.” Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty, which ____30____ his character and turned him into someone who takes action. He wanted to make something good out of something everyone saw as bad. Omar then put his idea into ____31____, mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then puts into a block-forming machine. The process was ____32____. The UNDP selected Omar’s work for their Accelerator Lab, which ____33____ and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally. The idea is that some of the most timely and creative ____34____ come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas ____35____. 21. A. look upon B. bring in C. give up D. come across 22. A. game B. gift C. race D. trouble 23. A. access B. harvest C. remove D. process 24 A. heat B. image C. presence D. movement 25. A. worked out B. called for C. showed off D. turned down 26. A. highlighted B. undervalued C. overemphasized D. withdrawn 27. A. window B. mirror C. dictionary D. puzzle 28. A. struggles B. fears C. desires D. opinions 29. A. appreciated B. infected C. interrupted D. rejected 30. A. fitted B. shaped C. revealed D. described 31. A. operation B. words C. bills D. profit 32. A. difficult B. transforming C. natural D. consuming 33. A. combines B. provides C. identifies D. drafts 34. A. responses B. reminder C. appeal D. issues 35. A. alongside B. offshore C. underneath D. firsthand 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了园艺师奥马尔决心将海藻变为资源，终在2018年发明海藻砖，创办SargaBlock公司。这些环保砖块获联合国支持，映射出他战胜个人困厄的历程。 21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这不是大多数人看好的东西。A. look upon看待；B. bring in引入；C. give up放弃；D. come across遇到。根据前文的“Sargassum is the smelly seaweed piling up on beaches across the Caribbean.”可知，马尾藻是一种堆积在加勒比海海滩上的臭海藻，人们不喜欢这种东西， look upon意为“看待”，在此处符合句意，表达人们对海藻的态度不是积极的。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于园艺师奥马尔·德瓦兹来说，这更像是一个礼物。A. game游戏；B. gift礼物；C. race竞赛；D. trouble麻烦。根据后文的“But, as its 4   intensified, he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he 5 a way to use it in building blocks.”可知，奥马尔找到了利用这种海藻的方法，变废为宝，所以用gift“礼物”来形容最贴切。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，作为他园艺生意的一部分，奥马尔发起了一项海滩清理服务，以清除海藻。A. access访问，进入；B. harvest收获；C. remove移除；D. process处理。根据前文的“Omar launched a beach cleanup service to”可知，奥马尔发起了一项海滩清理服务，所以要清除海藻。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，随着它的存在增强，他开始考虑如何将其变成有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑材料的方法。A. heat热；B. image形象；C. presence存在，出现；D. movement运动。根据后文的“he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____5____ a way to use it in building blocks.”可知，海藻出现的越来越多，变得越来越严重，他必须考虑其他方法应对。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，随着它的存在增强，他开始考虑如何将其变成有用的东西，并在2018年想出了一种将其用于建筑材料的方法。A. worked out解决；B. called for需要；C. showed off炫耀；D. turned down拒绝。根据后文的“a way to use it in building blocks”可知，他找到利用海藻的方法。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他创办了自己的公司SargaBlock，推销这种砖，联合国开发计划署（UNDP）强调这种砖是解决当前环境问题的可持续解决方案。A. highlighted突出，强调；B. undervalued低估；C. overemphasized过度强调；D. withdrawn撤回。根据后文的“by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) as a sustainable solution to a current environmental problem”可知，这种砖是解决当前环境问题的可持续解决方案，联合国开发计划署对此进行强调。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当我看着SargaBlock的时候，就像照镜子一样。”他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，包括吸毒和酗酒。A. window窗户；B. mirror镜子；C. dictionary字典；D. puzzle谜题。根据前文的“When I look at SargaBlock, it’s like looking in a”可知，这里比喻SargaBlock像一面镜子反映出他的个人经历。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当我看着SargaBlock的时候，就像照镜子一样。”他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，包括吸毒和酗酒。A. struggles挣扎；B. fears恐惧；C. desires渴望；D. opinions观点。根据前文的“comparing his company to overcoming his personal”和后文“including drug and alcohol addiction”可知，他把自己的公司比作克服自己的个人困难，struggles指的是“斗争，挣扎”，符合个人挑战的描述。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那段时间我觉得自己不受欢迎，被拒绝，就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样。A. appreciated欣赏；B. infected感染；C. interrupted打断；D. rejected拒绝，摈弃。根据句中“when I felt unwanted”以及后文的“like the sargassum people complained about”可知，本句描述奥马尔当时的感受，他觉得自己不受欢迎，被他人摈弃、拒绝，就像人们抱怨的马尾藻一样。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，奥马尔在自然和贫困中长大，这塑造了他的性格，使他成为一个采取行动的人。A. fitted适合；B. shaped塑造；C. revealed揭示；D. described描述。根据前文的“Luckily, Omar grew up in nature and poverty”和后文“his character and turned him into someone who takes action”可知，这里指自然和贫困的环境对他的性格形成有影响，这些塑造了他的性格。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，奥马尔将他的想法付诸实践，将40%的马尾藻与其他有机材料（如粘土）混合，然后将其放入砌块成型机中。A. operation操作；B. words话语；C. bills账单；D. profit利润。根据后文的“mixing 40% sargassum with other organic materials, like clay, which he then puts into a block-forming machine”可知，奥马尔将他的想法付诸实施，创造了新的解决方案。put ... into operation意为“实施，执行”符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个过程正在转变。A. difficult困难的；B. transforming转变的；C. natural自然的；D. consuming重要的，令人着迷的。根据后文的“The UNDP selected Omar’s work for their Accelerator Lab, which ___13___ and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally.”可知，他的新方法得到联合国开发计划署的认可，这个过程正在转变海藻的处理方式。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：联合国开发计划署将奥马尔的作品选入其加速器实验室，该实验室负责识别和认可应对全球环境挑战的创新解决方案。A. combines结合；B. provides提供；C. identifies识别，确认；D. drafts起草。根据后文的“and recognizes innovative solutions to environmental challenges globally”可知，该实验室负责识别和认可应对全球环境挑战的创新解决方案，identifies意味着“识别，确认”，符合实验室寻找并确认创新方案的职责。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的想法是，一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人。A. responses应对，反应，回应；B. reminder提醒物；C. appeal吸引力；D. issues议题，争论点。根据后文的“come from locals”可知，联合国开发计划署认为最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人， responses指的是“应对，反应，回应”，这里指针对环境问题的解决方案。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的想法是，一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人。A. alongside在旁边；B. offshore近海地，离岸地；C. underneath在下面，在底下；D. firsthand直接地，第一手地。根据上文“But, as its ___4____ intensified (增多，加剧), he started considering how to turn it into something useful, and in 2018 he ____5___ a way to use it in building blocks. ”以及句中“come from locals suffering from environmental dilemmas”可知，直接遭受困境的当地人想出创意性的解决问题的方法，即一些最及时、最具创意的回应来自那些直接遭受环境困境的当地人，firsthand意味着“直接地，第一手地”符合语境。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 满分55分） 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has nearly 5,000 years of ___36___ (record) history. However, the history of Chinese furniture is even longer than ___37___ of its writing, which can be traced back to the Hemudu Culture more than 7,000 years ago. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, most of the furniture was hand-made using high-quality hardwood ___38___ raw materials, which are now rare and expensive. Ordinary people often use wood such as pine, elm, and beech, but the quality between the woods ___39___ (differ) greatly. Classical furniture is mostly made by hand. Modern machines cannot ___40___ (complete) replace handwork. The shapes carved by the machine are neat but the lines are rigid and lacking vitality. The most delicate aspect of Chinese classical furniture is the structural part of the furniture—mortise-and-tenon (榫卯) work. Combining pieces of wood together, ___41___ (use) nothing more than the wood itself, is a basic skill of all carpenters (木匠) in ancient China. It was first discovered in the wooden structure of the Hemudu site ___42___ the ancestors lived more than 7,000 years ago. This structure is the wisdom of the Chinese working people and fully represents the ___43___ (create) and artistry (艺术性) of humanity. Ancient Chinese ___44___ (philosophy) have been expressed in traditional Chinese furniture. For example, Confucianism emphasizes gentleness and moderation. ____45____ (achieve) that, skilled carpenters properly matched the curves and straight lines of the furniture. That’s why Chinese furniture always displays both balance and stability. 【答案】36 recorded 37. that 38. as 39. differs 40. completely 41. using 42. where 43. creativity 44. philosophies 45. To achieve 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了中国家具的悠久历史、制作材料、手工艺、榫卯结构的特点以及与中国古代哲学的关联。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国有近5000年的历史记载。分析句子成分可知，空处为定语修饰空后的名词“history”，动词record和名词history之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词。故填recorded。 【37题详解】 考查代词。句意：然而，中国家具的历史甚至比它的文字还要悠久，它可以追溯到7000多年前的河姆渡文化。代词代指上文出现的“the history”，有后置定语，用代词“that”代指。故填that。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：明清时期的家具多为手工制作，以优质硬木为原料，如今这种木材已十分稀少，价格昂贵。介词的用法，意为“作为、以……为”，用介词“as”。故填as。 【39题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一般人常用的木材有松木、榆树、山毛榉等，但这些木材的质量差别很大。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the quality”，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：古典家具大多是手工制作的。现代机器不能完全取代手工。分析句子成分可知，空处为副词形式修饰动词。故填completely。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国古代，只使用木材就可以将木块组合在一起，这是所有木匠的基本技能。非谓语动词担当状语，表示主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填using。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它最初是在7000多年前祖先居住的河姆渡遗址的木结构中发现的。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“the Hemudu site”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：它代表了中国工匠的聪明才智和艺术卓越性。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式担当宾语。故填creativity。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此外，中国传统家具深受古代哲学思想的影响。根据句意和空格后的have可知，空处为名词的复数形式担当主语。故填philosophies。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了做到这一点，熟练的木匠正确地匹配了家具的曲线和直线。非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填To achieve。 写作（共两小节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，一名高三学生。英语作文读后续写这一项让你备受困扰。你计划向吉林大学张教授（此领域的专家）写一封求助信。希望他给予指导。内容包括： （1）介绍困扰；（2）希望得到帮助。 注意： (1）词数 80 左右： (2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇： 读后续写 continuation writing Dear Professor Zhang, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Professor Zhang, I’m Li Hua, a senior three student. Recently, I’ve been struggling with my continuation writing. Learning that you are an expert in it, I am writing to seek advice from you. I am encountering some problems which bother me a lot. First of all, I have difficulty in designing plot. In addition, I am at a loss how to apply proper expressions to my writing, which makes me frustrated. Facing the problems, I’m anxious’ to get your help. Could you please offer me some advice on how to solve these problems? Looking forward to your reply! Yours sincerely Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给吉林大学张教授（英语作文读后续写领域的专家）写一封求助信，希望他在英语作文读后续写方面给予指导。 【详解】1.词汇积累 最近：recently→lately 专家：expert→specialist 首先：first of all→first and foremost 面对……：face→be faced with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： Recently, I’ve been struggling with my continuation writing.  拓展句： Recently, I’ve been struggling with my continuation writing, which troubles me a lot. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I am encountering some problems which bother me a lot. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] In addition, I am at a loss how to apply proper expressions to my writing, which makes me frustrated. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was never “that girl” — the one who had charming appearance, and who enjoyed a colorful social life. I was another girl entirely, one who was considered “nice girls”, and the top student in class. Not that I didn’t care about friends or fun, I just didn’t think it was worth putting lots of time and effort into changing how I looked, how I acted, even as I started high school. Marissa was “that girl” — fun to be around, good to know. We are different, but our friendship began the first time we met at an exciting soccer match, on the second day of freshmen year. The excitement of the game and our shared interest in soccer connected us, I was deeply impressed with her enthusiasm, while she admired my calm. Our conversations went smoothly, and our relationship quickly turned into a close bond. However, as the school year progressed, Marissa’s outgoing personality began to conflict with my reserved nature. She stood out in social situations, constantly asking me to attend parties and social events. While I appreciated her efforts to include me, I felt awkward and uncomfortable to be forced into unfamiliar surroundings. Our once harmonious friendship started to crack, I tried to turn down her invitations, but in vain. One evening, Marissa persuaded me to attend a large party at a classmate’s house. Surrounded by loud music and strange faces, I felt uneasy and upset. Marissa was the queen of the party, leaving me feeling extremely lonely. Her personality attracted others to her, creating a barrier between us. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: At that moment, I realized the growing divide between us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Since then, we worked together to find a balance of our personalities. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At that moment, I realized the growing divide between us. The yawning gap between Marissa's exuberance and my reticence became painfully evident. Her lively presence at the party only enhanced my sense of isolation. I felt a sense of sorrow as I watched her effortlessly mingle, while I remained a mere spectator in the shadows. Since then, we worked together to find a balance of our personalities. We embarked on a journey of mutual understanding, with candid dialogues and a willingness to compromise. Marissa began to value the calmness of quiet moments, and I ventured beyond my comfort zone, joining her in social engagements that were less daunting. We explored shared interests beyond soccer, such as community service and book discussions, which fostered a deeper connection. Our friendship, once swaying on the brink, now flourished with a newfound appreciation for our individuality. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇读后续写，以人物为线索，讲述了一个内向的优等生与一个外向的社交女孩之间的友谊故事。尽管性格迥异，两人因共同的足球爱好而结成朋友。但随着时间的推移，外向女孩的社交活动让内向女孩感到不适应，导致她们的友情出现了裂痕。一次聚会上，内向女孩感到孤独和不安，两人之间的隔阂进一步加深。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 第一段首句内容“在那一刻，我意识到了我们之间的鸿沟越来越大。”可知，第一段可描写主人公在聚会中感受到的孤独和与Marissa之间的隔阂。 ② 第二段首句内容“从那以后，我们一起努力寻找我们性格的平衡点。”可知，第二段可描写主人公和Marissa如何通过沟通和共同努力来解决她们之间的问题。 2. 续写线索：聚会感受——友谊危机——沟通理解——共同努力——友谊深化 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①一起走路：walk together/stroll together ②回家：go back home/return home ③拒绝：shake his head/decline ④努力：make an effort/endeavor 情绪类 ①感谢：showing his appreciation/express gratitude ②积极：positive attitude/optimistic outlook ③孤独：sense of alienation/feeling of isolation ④欣赏：appreciation/admiration 【点睛】[高分句型1] I felt a sense of sorrow as I watched her effortlessly mingle, while I remained a mere spectator in the shadows.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句和while连接的并列句） [高分句型2] We embarked on a journey of mutual understanding, with candid dialogues and a willingness to compromise.（运用了with的复合结构） [高分句型3] We explored shared interests beyond soccer, such as community service and book discussions, which fostered a deeper connection.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句） 听力答案 1-5 CACAB 6-10BBCAA 11-15 ABCBB 16-20 CBCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$