精品解析：2026届广东佛山市第一中学高三上学期高考适应性考试二模英语试题

佛山市第一中学2026届高考适应性测试（二） 英 语 请注意：满分150分， 考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fascinating Non-Fiction Science Books For Curious minds Whether you’re a lifelong learner or someone dipping their toes into science for the first time, the following science books might just be your ideal companions, promising to amaze, inspire and make you a little more knowledgeable about the world around you. Astrophysics For People In A Hurry — Neil deGrasse Tyson For those captivated by the cosmos but short on time, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is the perfect introduction to the wonders of the universe. In this snappy, engaging book, Neil deGrasse Tyson simplifies complex ideas — from the Big Bang to dark matter, from the origins of time and space to black holes — into bite-sized, accessible explanations. The Man Who Mistook His Wife For A Hat And Other Clinical Tales — Oliver Sacks In The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Oliver Sacks examines neurological disorders through poignant cases. By combining clinical details and empathetic storytelling, he creates absorbing human narratives. A truly essential read. Your Inner Fish: A Journey Into The 3.5-Billion-Year History Of The Human Body — Neil Shubin In Your Inner Fish, paleontologist Neil Shubin explores how human body developed over time, tracing traits like arms and organs back to ancient fish through fossils. His engaging storytelling bridges past and present, making complex science relatable and awe-inspiring — a must-read for those curious about life’s origins. The genius Of Birds — Jennifer Ackerman From pigeons that outperform humans in visual memory tests to crows capable of complex reasoning, Jennifer Ackerman challenges the phrase “bird-brained” with a fascinating exploration of birds’ intelligence. Based on the latest cutting-edge research and fascinating field studies, Ackerman reveals how birds demonstrate incredible problem-solving skills, memory, creativity and even the ability to use tools. This popular science book will open your eyes to the surprising cognitive abilities of birds. 1. What does Astrophysics for People in a Hurry focus on? A. Idea generation. B. Universe wonders. C. Space adventures. D. Strategy interpretation. 2. What does Neil Shubin mainly do in the book Your Inner Fish? A. He invents fascinating stories. B. He discovers unique fossils. C. He explores the origin of fish. D. He studies human body evolution. 3. What’s the common belief of “bird-brained” when it comes to birds? A. They have a logical brain. B. They have a visual memory. C. They’re lacking in intelligence. D. They’re in need of training. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文推荐四本适合好奇者的非虚构科普书，涵盖天体物理学、神经疾病、人类身体进化及鸟类智力四大领域，以通俗表达解读复杂科学，兼具知识性与趣味性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For those captivated by the cosmos but short on time, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is the perfect introduction to the wonders of the universe.(对于那些对宇宙充满好奇但时间有限的人来说，《忙碌者必备的天体物理学》是探索宇宙奥秘的绝佳入门读物)”可知，《忙碌人群的天体物理学》关注的是宇宙奥秘。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In Your Inner Fish, paleontologist Neil Shubin explores how human body developed over time, tracing traits like arms and organs back to ancient fish through fossils.(在《你体内的鱼》一书中，古生物学家尼尔·舒宾探讨了人类身体是如何随着时间的推移而逐渐形成的，并通过化石追溯了诸如手臂和器官等特征与古老鱼类之间的关联)”可知，尼尔·舒宾在《你体内的鱼》这本书中主要研究人类身体的进化。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Jennifer Ackerman challenges the phrase “bird-brained” with a fascinating exploration of birds’ intelligence. Based on the latest cutting-edge research and fascinating field studies, Ackerman reveals how birds demonstrate incredible problem-solving skills, memory, creativity and even the ability to use tools.(詹妮弗·阿克曼通过对鸟类智力的精彩探索，对“鸟儿头脑简单”这一说法提出了质疑。她依据最新的前沿研究和引人入胜的实地考察，揭示了鸟类在解决问题、记忆、创造力以及使用工具等方面所展现出的非凡能力)”可知，当谈到鸟类时，“鸟脑笨拙”这一说法的普遍含义是它的意思是它们智力低下。故选C。 B John Arrillaga Sr, the pioneering Silicon Valley developer, was one of Stanford’s greatest benefactors (捐助者), leaving a legacy literally built into every corner of campus. Over decades, Arrillaga’s generous donations and hands-on efforts reshaped Stanford’s campus. Though best known for athletic facilities, his true impact extended far beyond. As his longtime friend John Etchemendy noted, “Hundreds of projects bear his mark, yet rarely his name.” Nowhere was this quiet dedication clearer than in the reconstruction of Stanford Stadium. He personally funded and oversaw every detail — from selecting palm trees to designing seats to mapping walkways — yet refused to put his name on it. Born into a working-class family, young Arrillaga couldn’t afford a proper suit for his high school graduation, having to borrow an ill-fitting jacket with sleeves that barely reached his wrists. He unexpectedly attended Stanford on a basketball scholarship, working multiple campus jobs to make ends meet. After playing professionally in Spain, he returned to develop Silicon Valley offices during the tech boom, becoming a millionaire. True to his humble beginnings, he started repaying Stanford almost immediately after graduation — beginning with modest athletic department gifts that grew into historic donations exceeding $250 million. Through his scholarship programs, he’s helped over 300 students facing similar financial challenges. One day, a young donor moved by Arrillaga’s generosity shared how witnessing the selfless giving had profoundly shaped his devotion to charitable work. Realizing the ripple (涟漪) effect of his actions through others, Arrillaga months later made a rare exception: he permitted his name to appear on just one building — not for personal distinction, but as a nod to the power of leading by example. While his benefaction helped communities across Silicon Valley through donations to police stations, libraries, and other public spaces, his strongest ties always remained with Stanford University. 4. What was Arrillaga’s key role in the stadium reconstruction? A. A full-project supporter. B. A stadium co-investor. C. A landscape designer. D. A building material producer. 5. What motivated Arrillaga’s lifelong commitment to Stanford? A. The millionaire lifestyle experience. B. The desire for public recognition. C. The fate-changing scholarship. D. The business investment strategies. 6. Why did Arrillaga finally allow his name to appear on one building? A. To accept praise from the public. B. To show the ripple effect of athletics. C. To fulfill a request from his university. D. To inspire more charitable actions. 7. What does Arrillaga’s experience show? A. Wealth necessitates public display. B. Silent impact outweighs visible recognition. C. Humble beginnings can lead to fortunes. D. Athletic excellence drives social change. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了硅谷先驱开发者、斯坦福大学最大捐助者之一约翰·阿里拉加 (John Arrillaga Sr)的生平事迹、慷慨捐赠及其深远影响。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Nowhere was this quiet dedication clearer than in the reconstruction of Stanford Stadium. He personally funded and oversaw every detail — from selecting palm trees to designing seats to mapping walkways — yet refused to put his name on it. (在斯坦福体育场的重建中，这种默默奉献的精神体现得最为明显。他亲自资助并监督每一个细节——从挑选棕榈树到设计座位，再到规划走道——但他拒绝将自己的名字署在上面。)”可知，阿里拉加是体育场重建的全项目支持者。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He unexpectedly attended Stanford on a basketball scholarship, working multiple campus jobs to make ends meet. After playing professionally in Spain, he returned to develop Silicon Valley offices during the tech boom, becoming a millionaire. True to his humble beginnings, he started repaying Stanford almost immediately after graduation — beginning with modest athletic department gifts that grew into historic donations exceeding $250 million. (他意外地凭借篮球奖学金进入斯坦福大学，并在校内做多份工作以维持生计。在西班牙打职业比赛后，他在科技繁荣时期回到硅谷开发办公楼，成为百万富翁。他始终没有忘记自己卑微的出身，毕业后几乎立刻就开始回报斯坦福大学——从向体育部赠送微薄的礼物开始，后来捐赠额超过2.5亿美元，成为历史性的捐赠。)”可知，改变命运的奖学金激发了阿里拉加对斯坦福大学一生的承诺。故选C项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“One day, a young donor moved by Arrillaga’s generosity shared how witnessing the selfless giving had profoundly shaped his devotion to charitable work. Realizing the ripple (涟漪) effect of his actions through others, Arrillaga months later made a rare exception: he permitted his name to appear on just one building — not for personal distinction, but as a nod to the power of leading by example. (一天，一位被阿里拉加的慷慨所感动的年轻捐赠者分享了目睹这种无私奉献如何深刻地影响了他对慈善事业的投入。意识到自己的行为通过他人产生的涟漪效应后，几个月后，阿里拉加破例允许自己的名字出现在一座建筑上——不是为了个人荣誉，而是为了肯定以身作则的力量。)”可推知，阿里拉加最终允许在一座建筑上出现自己的名字是为了激励更多的慈善行为。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段“Hundreds of projects bear his mark, yet rarely his name. (数百个项目都带有他的印记，但很少有他的名字。)”和最后一段“While his benefaction helped communities across Silicon Valley through donations to police stations, libraries, and other public spaces, his strongest ties always remained with Stanford University. (虽然他的捐赠帮助了硅谷各地的社区，包括警察局、图书馆和其他公共空间，但他与斯坦福大学的联系始终最为紧密。)”可知，文章主要介绍了硅谷先驱开发者、斯坦福大学最大捐助者之一约翰·阿里拉加 (John Arrillaga Sr)的生平事迹、慷慨捐赠及其深远影响，他默默奉献，不求名利，却对斯坦福大学和硅谷社区产生了巨大影响。由此推知，阿里拉加的经历表明默默奉献的影响胜过可见的认可。故选B项。 C Scientists have developed a low-cost, durable, highly-sensitive robotic “skin” that can be added to robotic hands like a glove, enabling robots to sense information about their surroundings in a way that’s similar to humans. Unlike most robotic touch systems, which use separate sensors for different types of touch, this electronic skin acts as one big sensor, making it more like human skin. Although not as sensitive as real skin, the robotic skin can sense signals from over 860,000 tiny pathways, allowing it to recognize different types of touches, pressure, temperature, and even damage — all in one material. Electronic skins work by changing physical information — like pressure or temperature — into electronic signals. In most cases, different types of sensors are needed for different types of touch — one type of sensor to find pressure, another for temperature, and so on — which are then fixed into soft, flexible materials. However, the signals from these different sensors can impact each other, and the materials are easily damaged. “Having different sensors for different types of touch leads to materials that are complex to make,” said lead author Dr David Hardman. “We wanted to develop a solution that can notice multiple types of touch at once, but in a single material.” Their solution uses one type of sensor that reacts differently to different types of touch. While it’s challenging to separate out the cause of each signal, these materials are easier to make and stronger. Researchers melted a soft, flexible, and conductive gelatine-based hydrogel (导电的明胶基水凝胶) and shaped it into a human hand. By testing different electrode (电极) setups, they found that just 32 electrodes at the wrist could collect over 1.7 million data points about touch across the whole hand. They tested the artificial skin by heating it, pressing it with fingers and a robot arm, and even cutting it. The team used this data to train a machine learning model so the hand could recognize different types of touch. In future, the researchers are hoping to improve the durability of the electronic skin, and to carry out further tests on real-world robotic tasks. 8. What is the feature of the new robotic skin? A. Being sensitive as human skin. B. Having 860,000 human-like pathways. C. Using single sensor for multiple touches. D. Possessing self-recovering capability after damage. 9. Why did researchers develop the new robotic skin? A. To replace human skin functions. B. To simplify sensor production. C. To create self-aware robots. D. To reduce the cost of skin materials. 10. What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us about the new artificial skin? A. The working principle. B. The experimental process. C. The analysis of data. D. The potential applications. 11. What might be the best title for the text? A. New Skin Gives Robots Human Touch B. Robots Are Covered with Flexible Skins C. Special Sensors Add New Functions to Robots D. Scientists Invent New Materials for Sensors 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的低成本、耐用且高灵敏度的机器人“皮肤”，它可以像手套一样添加到机器手上，使机器人能够像人类一样感知周围环境的信息。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike most robotic touch systems, which use separate sensors for different types of touch, this electronic skin acts as one big sensor, making it more like human skin. Although not as sensitive as real skin, the robotic skin can sense signals from over 860,000 tiny pathways, allowing it to recognize different types of touches, pressure, temperature, and even damage—all in one material.(与大多数使用不同传感器感知不同触觉的机器人触觉系统不同，这种电子皮肤如同一个巨型传感器，使其更像人类的皮肤。虽然不像真正的皮肤那么敏感，但机器人皮肤可以感知来自超过86万个微小路径的信号，使其能够识别不同类型的触摸、压力、温度，甚至损伤——所有这些都在一种材料中。)”可知，这种新的机器人皮肤的特点是使用单一传感器来感知多种触觉。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子““Having different sensors for different types of touch leads to materials that are complex to make,” said lead author Dr David Hardman. “We wanted to develop a solution that can notice multiple types of touch at once, but in a single material.” Their solution uses one type of sensor that reacts differently to different types of touch. While it’s challenging to separate out the cause of each signal, these materials are easier to make and stronger.(“针对不同类型的触感使用不同的传感器，会导致制造过程变得复杂。”该研究的主要作者大卫·哈德曼博士说：“我们希望开发出一种能同时感知多种触觉的解决方案，且仅需单一材料即可实现。”他们的方案是采用一种传感器，这种传感器能对不同类型的触觉产生不同反应。虽然区分每个信号的具体成因具有挑战性，但这种材料更易制造且强度更高。)” 可知，研究人员开发这种新的机器人皮肤是为了简化传感器的生产。故选B项。 【10题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段的内容“Researchers melted a soft, flexible, and conductive gelatine-based hydrogel (导电的明胶基水凝胶) and shaped it into a human hand. By testing different electrode (电极) setups, they found that just 32 electrodes at the wrist could collect over 1.7 million data points about touch across the whole hand. They tested the artificial skin by heating it, pressing it with fingers and a robot arm, and even cutting it. The team used this data to train a machine learning model so the hand could recognize different types of touch.(研究人员融化了一种柔软、柔韧、导电的明胶基水凝胶，并将其塑造成人手。通过测试不同的电极设置，他们发现手腕上的32个电极可以收集超过170万个关于整个手的触摸数据点。他们通过加热、用手指和机械臂按压、甚至切割人造皮肤来测试人造皮肤。该团队使用这些数据来训练机器学习模型，这样手就可以识别不同类型的触感。)”可知，第五段主要描述了研究人员如何通过测试不同的电极设置，将导电的明胶基水凝胶制成人工手，并收集关于触觉的数据点，然后利用这些数据训练机器学习模型，使手能够识别不同类型的触觉。因此，这一段主要讲述了实验过程。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段“Scientists have developed a low-cost, durable, highly-sensitive robotic “skin” that can be added to robotic hands like a glove, enabling robots to sense information about their surroundings in a way that’s similar to humans.(科学家已经开发出一种低成本、耐用、高灵敏度的机器人“皮肤”，它可以像手套一样加到机器人手上，使机器人能够以类似于人类的方式感知周围环境的信息。)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们开发的一种新型机器人皮肤，这种皮肤能够像人类皮肤一样感知周围环境的信息，通过单一传感器感知多种触觉，使机器人能够更像人类一样感知世界。因此，最佳标题是A项“New Skin Gives Robots Human Touch(新皮肤赋予机器人人类触感)”。故选A项。 D Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity, but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book ís Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, as if a bottle of wine remaining more and more mellow as time flows. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 12. What does the author imply in the first paragraph? A. Drinking with old friends is quite beneficial. B. Either books or us are changeable along with time. C. It is recommended to read one book over and over again. D. Rereading requires a large amount of time and money. 13. What do you know about Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast? A. It’s a brief account of a trip. B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man. C. It’s a record of a historic event. D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris. 14. How do you understand “rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them” in the last paragraph? A. Rereading can help readers pay their debts. B. Rereading will bring satisfaction to authors. C. The more one reads, the richer he will be. D. Readers should pay money to reread books. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Three Masterpieces I Reread Annually B. Effective Approaches to Rereading Books C. Author and Reader Pull Their Own Weight D. Rereading Does Matter to Personal Growth 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了重读书籍的意义以及作者自己重读书籍的体验。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但书不会变，人会变。这就是重读如此丰富和具有变革性的原因)”可推知，作者在第一段暗示重读一本书是值得推荐的。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.(第一本是我每年春天都要读的欧内斯特•海明威的《流动的盛宴》。该书出版于1964年，是他对20世纪20年代巴黎的经典回忆录。语言几乎令人陶醉，一个年老的作家回顾了一个雄心壮志但更单纯的年代)”可知，海明威的《流动的盛宴》是关于他年轻时的生活。故选B项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,  rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes.(但我想，虽然金钱确实是美好和必要的，但重读作者的作品是读者能支付给他们的最高货币。最好的书是那些随着时间推移能展现出更多内涵的书)”可知，重读是对作者最高的回馈，因为读者更好地理解了作者的作品和思想，这对作者来说是一种很高的认可和回报，故划线句可理解为“重读会给作者带来满足感”。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative.(但书不会变，人会变。这就是重读如此丰富和具有变革性的原因)”可知，文章表明重读像与老朋友相聚，虽书不变人会变，但重读有丰富且变革性的意义，接着阐述重读基于当下精神状态，还分享了自己每年重读的三本书，最后强调读者要通过重读更好理解书籍，这些都围绕着重读对个人成长的重要性展开。由此推知，D选项“Rereading Does Matter to Personal Growth(重读对个人成长很重要)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Yesterday, I called a friend to talk about an online meeting we’d had. I told her, “I don’t know if it’s just because I’m short on patience these days…” ____16____ So, I turned off my camera and microphone and busied myself with other things while listening. What I wanted to do was scream. But, thankfully my self-regulation skills still remained, so I didn’t. Self-regulation means regulating your emotions. It is an invisible skill and considered one of the higher-order thinking processes. However, I find that self-regulation skills are most often the lacking skill set. ____17____ Because, when a child lacks self-regulation skills, negative behaviors often show up. Hitting, throwing things, and crying are just some of the examples. Children do not possess self-regulation skills at birth.____18____ Many adults get surprised and disappointed when a child cannot self-regulate. As children grow and learn about the world around them, they begin to develop these skills. Still, some children will not develop this skill set through natural learning. They need direct instruction in self-regulation skills. ____19____ Once we realized, we could begin working on it. When it happened, we just said, “I know it feels like your tummy (肚子) hurts, but that’s because you’re having an anxiety attack.” In age-appropriate terms, we explained the concept of anxiety to him. Sometimes we praise him when he shows self-regulation in a difficult situation, such as a disappointing sports loss. ____20____Maybe I will tell my son about the meeting tonight. A. Kids need to be directly taught. B. It is a huge problem area for kids. C. I’m not sure why adults expect them to. D. Sharing good examples is also a good try. E. You should work on it when you name a problem. F. My son started having anxiety attacks in kindergarten. G. In the meeting another participant was really annoying me. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自我调节能力的重要性、孩子缺乏自我调节能力的表现以及如何培养孩子的自我调节能力。 【16题详解】 上文“I told her, “I don’t know if it’s just because I’m short on patience these days…”(我告诉她，“我不知道是不是因为最近我缺乏耐心……”)”说明作者在和朋友通话时情绪不太好，结合下文“So, I turned off my camera and microphone and busied myself with other things while listening.(所以，我关掉了摄像头和麦克风，边听边忙其他事情)”可知，作者关掉了摄像头和麦克风，忙别的事情去了，说明通话中出现了让作者感到烦躁的情况，G项“在会议上，另一个参与者真的很烦我”符合语境，承接上文，说明了作者烦躁的原因，且引出下文作者的做法。故选G。 【17题详解】 上文“However, I find that self-regulation skills are most often the lacking skill set.(然而，我发现自我调节能力往往是最缺乏的技能)”说明自我调节能力是人们最缺乏的技能，结合下文“Because, when a child lacks self-regulation skills, negative behaviors often show up. Hitting, throwing things, and crying are just some of the examples.(因为，当孩子缺乏自我调节能力时，消极行为往往就会出现。打人、扔东西和哭闹只是一些例子)”可知，下文解释了缺乏自我调节能力对孩子来说是个大问题，B项“这对孩子来说是一个巨大的问题领域”符合语境，承上启下，既承接上文提到的自我调节能力缺乏的问题，又引出下文对孩子缺乏自我调节能力这一问题的具体说明。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文“Children do not possess self-regulation skills at birth.(孩子生来就没有自我调节能力)”说明孩子生来不具备自我调节能力，结合下文“Many adults get surprised and disappointed when a child cannot self-regulate.(当孩子不能自我调节时，许多成年人会感到惊讶和失望)”可知，下文提到成年人对孩子不能自我调节感到惊讶和失望，C项“我不确定为什么成年人期望他们孩子会自我调节”符合语境，承接上文，说明孩子生来不具备自我调节能力，同时引出下文成年人对孩子不能自我调节的惊讶和失望，解释了成年人感到惊讶和失望的原因。故选C。 【19题详解】 下文“Once we realized, we could begin working on it. When it happened, we just said, “I know it feels like your tummy (肚子) hurts, but that’s because you’re having an anxiety attack.” In age-appropriate terms, we explained the concept of anxiety to him.(一旦我们意识到，我们就可以开始着手处理了。当这种情况发生时，我们只是说，“我知道你感觉肚子痛，但那是因为你焦虑发作了。”我们用适合他年龄的语言向他解释了焦虑的概念)”说明作者和家人开始着手处理孩子焦虑发作的问题，并向孩子解释了焦虑的概念，F项“我儿子在幼儿园时开始出现焦虑发作”符合语境，引出下文，说明作者开始着手处理孩子焦虑发作这一问题的背景。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文“Sometimes we praise him when he shows self-regulation in a difficult situation, such as a disappointing sports loss.(有时，当他在困难的情况下表现出自我调节能力时，我们会表扬他，比如在令人失望的体育比赛中失利时)”说明作者和家人会在孩子表现出自我调节能力时表扬他，结合下文“Maybe I will tell my son about the meeting tonight.(也许今晚我会把会议的事情告诉我儿子)”可知，下文提到作者可能会把会议的事情告诉儿子，D项“分享好的例子也是一个不错的尝试”符合语境，承上启下，既承接上文提到的表扬孩子自我调节能力的做法，又引出下文作者可能会和儿子分享会议的事情，即分享一个关于自我调节的好例子。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in a family with a history of getting angry easily, I had always tried to change. Years of treatment ____21____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there. My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____22____ late into the night. Eventually, we decided to move to a ____23____ part of town. And now, here was this guy, who was ____24____ a new party table within full view of my kitchen window. The ____25____ of drunk and loud college students flashed across my mind, so I walked up and told him it had to be ____26____. “Who the hell are you?” he asked. “And what gives you the right to make such a ____27____?” Spotting there would be a ____28____ between the young man and me, my husband came up. As he pulled me away, I ____29____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over. I got back home and ate my favorite cookies. When I calmed down, _____30_____, I was full of shame. Why didn’t other women get angry like me? I looked at the cookies, which I hadn’t intended for _____31_____, but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right. So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies. When the student opened the door, I _____32_____ the plate and told him that the person he met just now — the one with the pointing finger and annoying _____33_____ — wasn’t me. At least it wasn’t the person I wanted to be. He looked down at the plate and his face _____34_____. He said he was sorry, too. I walked back across the street, feeling like I’d _____35_____ wonders. 21. A. removed B. increased C. eased D. trapped 22. A. broadened B. varied C. extended D. declined 23. A. cleaner B. quieter C. safer D. busier 24. A. setting B. hanging C. selling D. stealing 25. A. memories B. stories C. records D. accounts 26. A. put up B. broken down C. moved away D. given out 27. A. offer B. mess C. proposal D. demand 28. A. conversation B. war C. discussion D. settlement 29. A. stared B. pointed C. screamed D. tore 30. A. therefore B. besides C. however D. meanwhile 31. A. greeting B. complaint C. explanation D. apology 32. A. handed B. threw C. dropped D. seized 33. A. charges B. habits C. thoughts D. words 34. A. paled B. softened C. darkened D. hardened 35. A. sought B. celebrated C. done D. claimed 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为个人经历和家庭背景容易生气，尽管经过多年治疗有所缓解，但在面对新搬来的邻居举办聚会扰民时，作者一开始表现出了生气的情绪。然而，在冷静下来后，作者意识到自己的行为可能过于冲动，于是选择用送饼干的方式去道歉和缓和关系，最终得到了对方的谅解，自己也因此感到释然和满足。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年的治疗缓解了我内心的愤怒，但它依旧存在。A. removed移除；B. increased增加；C. eased缓解；D. trapped陷入。根据空前“Years of treatment”可知，作者在进行治疗；再根据下文“but it was still in there”可推测，治疗缓解了作者内心的愤怒，但是没有消除。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫曾经住在一所大学附近，那里聚会的喧闹声和音乐声常常持续到深夜。A. broadened拓宽；B. varied改变；C. extended延长；D. declined下降。根据空后的“late into the night”可推测，聚会的吵闹声和音乐声会持续到深夜。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们决定搬到镇上一个更安静的地方。A. cleaner更清洁的；B. quieter更安静的；C. safer更安全的；D. busier更繁忙的。根据上文“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可推测，作者经常被吵闹声所烦扰，所以她和丈夫决定搬到安静的地方。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：而现在，有个家伙正在我厨房窗户完全能看到的地方搭建一张新的派对桌。A. setting设置、搭建；B. hanging悬挂；C. selling出售；D. stealing偷窃。根据空后“a new party table”以及作者前去阻止他可推测，这个年轻人是在搭建派对桌。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆在我脑海中闪现，于是我走上前去，告诉他必须把桌子搬走。A. memories回忆；B. stories故事；C. records记录；D. accounts账目、描述。根据上文第二段“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可知，作者曾经住在大学旁边，总是被醉酒喧闹的大学生们所烦扰，所以才搬到安静的地方。由此可知，作者此时看到派对桌又想起了关于醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：醉酒喧闹的大学生们的回忆在我脑海中闪现，于是我走上前去，告诉他必须把桌子搬走。A. put up张贴；B. broken down发生故障、崩溃；C. moved away搬走；D. given out分发。根据上文第二段“My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____2____ late into the night.”可知，作者曾经住在大学旁边，总是被醉酒喧闹的大学生们所烦扰，所以才搬到安静的地方。而作者又是个容易发怒的人。由此可推测，此时看到年轻人搭建派对桌，想到了派对时的吵闹，所以作者立即感到很愤怒，让对方把桌子搬走。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你到底是谁？”他问道，“你有什么权利提这样的要求？”A. offer提供；B. mess混乱；C. proposal提议；D. demand要求。根据上文“so I walked up and told him it had to be ____6____.”可知，作者要求对方把桌子搬走，而对方觉得作者非常奇怪，没有权利提出这样的要求。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫察觉到我和这个年轻人之间可能会起冲突，便走上前来。A. conversation对话；B. war战争、冲突；C. discussion讨论；D. settlement解决。根据上文“Years of treatment ____1____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there.”可知，作者容易愤怒。再根据下文“my husband came up”可推测，作者的丈夫察觉作者会和这个年轻人起冲突，所以走上前。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把我拉开时，我指着那家伙，告诉他这事没完。A. stared盯着看；B. pointed指；C. screamed尖叫；D. tore撕开。根据下文“the one with the pointing finger and annoying ____13____ ”中的“the pointing finger”可推测，作者是指着对方告诉对方这事没完。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我冷静下来后，满心都是羞愧。A. therefore因此；B. besides此外；C. however然而；D. meanwhile与此同时。根据上文“As he pulled me away, I ____9____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over.”可知，作者回来的时候非常愤怒；再根据下文“I was full of shame.”可知，作者冷静下来后，非常羞愧。与上文存在转折关系。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看着那些饼干，原本我没打算用它们来道歉，但现在它们似乎成了弥补过错的最佳选择。A. greeting问候；B. complaint抱怨；C. explanation解释；D. apology道歉。根据下文“but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right”以及作者向年轻人道歉可推测，作者本来没打算用饼干去道歉，但现在心生羞愧，决定去道歉。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那学生打开门时，我递上盘子，跟他说，他刚才遇到的那个用手指着他、说着烦人话的人不是真正的我。A. handed递交；B. threw扔；C. dropped掉落；D. seized抓住。根据上文“So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies.”可知，作者拿着饼干打算去道歉；再根据空后“the plate”可知，年轻人一开门，作者就递上盘子，开始道歉。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那学生打开门时，我递上盘子，跟他说，他刚才遇到的那个用手指着他、说着烦人话的人不是真正的我。A. charges费用；B. habits习惯；C. thoughts想法；D. words话语。根据上文“so I walked up and told him it had to be ____6____ .”以及“told him this wasn’t over”可知，作者指的是作者刚刚所说的那些伤人的话。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他低头看着盘子，脸色缓和了下来。A. paled变苍白；B. softened变软；C. darkened变暗；D. hardened变硬。根据下文“He said he was sorry, too.”可知，年轻人看到饼干，听到了作者的道歉，脸色开始缓和。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我穿过街道往回走，感觉自己创造了奇迹。A. sought寻求；B. celebrated庆祝；C. done完成；D. claimed宣称。根据全文内容可知，作者一直是个容易愤怒的人。而这次，作者及时反思自己的行为，控制了自己的脾气，并主动道歉。由此可推测，作者对此感到自豪，认为自己战胜了自我，创造了奇迹。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Is there a Chinese soccer team at the Qatar 2022 World Cup? No. But one can’t miss Chinese elements in and around the stadiums there. One can drink water from ponds, ____36____(dig) by Chinese engineers,take a nap in a“mobile hotel”, built by Chinese engineers,____37____take a shuttle imported from China to move between hotels and stadiums. Did we forget something?Yes,even some stadiums are built by Chinese construction____38____(company),while the souvenirs one can buy there, too, ____39____(make) in China. That’s ____40____China has participated in this world Cup and earlier tournaments, and may do so in the upcoming ones too, thus ___41___(impress) the world with its technology and products. While “Made in China” has left its stamp on ____42____(early) soccer World Cup World Cups and other sports events , what makes the Qatar ____43____ unique one is the kind of technology China is providing. For example, the Stadium 974, built by Chinese enterprises, is the first ____44____(move) “green stadium” that can recycle rainwater for future use and make the garbage collected from the stadium into fertilizer. I think the reason why Chinese firms perform well in the World Cup is that China has registered good economic _____45_____(grow) during a global recession. 【答案】36. dug 37. and 38. companies 39. are made 40. how 41. impressing 42. earlier 43. a 44. movable 45. growth 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是虽然2022年卡塔尔世界杯没有中国足球队出征。但在这个沙漠之州，人们不能错过体育场内和周围的中国元素。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。 句意：人们可以在中国工程师建造的“移动酒店”里打盹，喝中国工程师挖的池塘里的水，乘坐从中国进口的穿梭车往返于酒店和体育场之间。此处考查过去分词短语作后置定语，ponds 和 dig 之间为被动关系。故填dug。 【37题详解】 考查连词。 句意：人们可以在中国工程师建造的“移动酒店”里打盹，喝中国工程师挖的池塘里的水，乘坐从中国进口的穿梭车往返于酒店和体育场之间。此处考查并列连词，连接位于can后的动词drink、take和空后的take。故填and。 【38题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：是的，甚至一些体育场馆都是由中国建筑公司建造的，而人们在那里买到的纪念品也是中国制造的。分析句子，设空处使用可数名词复数，表示多家中国建筑公司。故填companies。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：是的，甚至一些体育场馆都是由中国建筑公司建造的，而人们在那里买到的纪念品也是中国制造的。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表示客观事实，故使用一般现在时。同时souvenirs与make之间是被动关系，故使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are made。 【40题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是中国参加本届世界杯的方式，也可能会在即将到来的世界杯上这样做：为运动员和观众提供产品和服务，从而用中国的技术和产品给世界留下深刻的印象。分析句子，设空处引导的是表语从句，此处意为“如何，怎样”用how。故填how。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是中国参加本届世界杯的方式，也可能会在即将到来的世界杯上这样做：为运动员和观众提供产品和服务，从而用中国的技术和产品给世界留下深刻的印象。分析句子，设空处使用现在分词作结果状语。impress意为“使印象深刻”。故填impressing。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然“中国制造”在之前的足球世界杯和其他体育赛事上留下了深刻的印记，但卡塔尔世界杯的独特之处在于中国提供的技术。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，修饰名词soccer World Cups。此处表示“更早之前”，故使用比较级。故填earlier。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：虽然“中国制造”在之前的足球世界杯和其他体育赛事上留下了深刻的印记，但卡塔尔世界杯的独特之处在于中国提供的技术。分析句子，设空处使用冠词，此处表示“一个独特的国家”，辅音发音的unique前用冠词a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：例如，由中国企业建造的974体育场是第一个可移动的“绿色体育场”，它可以回收雨水以备将来使用，并将从体育场收集的垃圾发酵成肥料。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，movable，意为“可移动的”，此处修饰绿色体育场。故填movable。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：我认为中国企业在世界杯上表现出色的原因是，在全球经济衰退期间，中国经济增长良好。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，此处形容词修饰名词，grow名词是growth。故填growth。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。为帮助学生解决遇到的问题，你校国际部准备开展 “Problem-Solving Workshop” 项目，现就如何开展该项目向全校同学征求建议。请你给负责此事的老师写一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to share my thoughts regarding the upcoming Problem-Solving Workshop. This initiative is truly commendable as it will provide students with valuable support in addressing both academic and personal challenges. To make the workshop more effective, I would like to suggest implementing a peer mentoring system where experienced senior students can guide the juniors. Additionally, organizing regular theme-based sessions focusing on common student concerns such as exam stress or time management would be highly beneficial. To encourage wider participation, we could also introduce an anonymous problem submission box to help shy students voice their concerns comfortably. I sincerely hope these suggestions will be helpful. Thank you for your time and consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给负责开展“Problem-Solving Workshop”项目的老师写一封邮件，提出你的建议以及理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 值得赞美：commendable→praiseworthy 专注：focus on→concentrate on 有益的：beneficial→rewarding 鼓励：encourage→motivate 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：To make the workshop more effective, I would like to suggest implementing a peer mentoring system where experienced senior students can guide the juniors. 拓展句：In order to make the workshop more effective, I suggest that we implement a peer mentoring system, where experienced senior students are able to guide the juniors. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To make the workshop more effective, I would like to suggest implementing a peer mentoring system where experienced senior students can guide the juniors.（运用了不定式To make the workshop more effective作目的状语以及where引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】This initiative is truly commendable as it will provide students with valuable support in addressing both academic and personal challenges.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容利所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Why was our neighbor from across the street crazily pounding on our front door at night? She was screaming for us to open it. We rah lo the door, and she said only one word as she took off running: “FIRE!” Then she let us know that she had already called 119. We ran out just as the fire engines raced onto our street. The fire was huge! Flames were shooting wildly out of the windows and through the roof of the hundred-year-old, three-story house next door. The flames were so tall that they were visible a few miles away. Our house smelled of smoke. The whole neighborhood smelled of smoke. My husband raced next door to ensure our neighbors had gotten out. All family members were outside and safe, including the dog. He ran to the houses on the other street that backed up to the house on fire and banged (猛敲) on those doors to ensure the neighbors were safe, too. Luckily, they were! Our street was crowded with fire trucks, eleven in all. One engine had a monster light on it that made the street bright enough so that it looked like it was high noon on a sunny day. The paramedics (救护人员) and ambulances also came in case they were needed. Thank goodness, they were not. Our house became kind of a “safe house” with our next-door neighbors coming and going, as needed. It was a safe place for their dog, too. After around two hours, the fire was completely contained. Amazingly, the house was not a total loss. Most of it, while smoky and damp, could be saved. And only a few important items were lost. Only two rooms and a hallway would need to be reconstructed. The rest of the house could be cleaned and aired out. Everyone was okay. Their gratitude for the firefighters was overwhelming. They couldn’t stop saying “Thank you.” They expressed their gratitude to us many times for opening our house to them. It was a small thing for us, but tremendous for them. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 The next day, there were a lot of activities going on in our neighborhood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As weeks went by, the house was slowly but steadily being rebuilt. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next day, there were a lot of activities going on in our neighborhood. People who had been affected by the fire were busy sorting through their belongings, trying to salvage what they could. Volunteers came to help, bringing food, water, and clothes to those in need. The community center organized a donation drive, which was a great success. Everyone was doing what they could to support each other during this difficult time. It was heartwarming to see how our neighborhood came together in the face of adversity. As weeks went by, the house was slowly but steadily being rebuilt. Workers who specialized in construction were hired to fix the damage. Although it was a long and arduous process, the family who lived there remained hopeful. They said that they were grateful for the support from the community, which had given them the strength to keep going. We all looked forward to the day when they could move back into their restored home and start their lives anew. It was a reminder of the power of community and the importance of looking out for one another. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。夜里街对面的邻居晚上疯狂地喊“着火了”并已报警。作者一家冲出屋外，发现隔壁老房突发大火。丈夫确认邻居安全，作者家成“安全屋”。两小时后扑灭火。房屋部分损毁但可修复，无人受伤。邻居感恩消防员和作者一家。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“第二天，我们附近有很多活动。”可知，第一段可以描写大家给受火灾影响的家庭所提供的帮助。 ②由第二段句首内容“几周过去了，房子正在缓慢而稳步地重建。”可知，第二段可以描写房子重建过程中受火灾影响的家庭的感受和这件事对大家的启发。 2.续写线索：附近有很多活动—大家提供的帮助—房子正在重建—充满希望—感谢社区—启发 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①影响：affect/influence ②挽救：salvage/reclaim ③支持，帮助：support/assist 情绪类 ①保持希望：remain hopeful/maintain hope ②感激的：grateful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】The community center organized a donation drive, which was a great success. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Everyone was doing what they could to support each other during this difficult time. (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 佛山市第一中学2026届高考适应性测试（二） 英 语 请注意：满分150分， 考试时间120分钟 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Fascinating Non-Fiction Science Books For Curious minds Whether you’re a lifelong learner or someone dipping their toes into science for the first time, the following science books might just be your ideal companions, promising to amaze, inspire and make you a little more knowledgeable about the world around you. Astrophysics For People In A Hurry — Neil deGrasse Tyson For those captivated by the cosmos but short on time, Astrophysics for People in a Hurry is the perfect introduction to the wonders of the universe. In this snappy, engaging book, Neil deGrasse Tyson simplifies complex ideas — from the Big Bang to dark matter, from the origins of time and space to black holes — into bite-sized, accessible explanations. The Man Who Mistook His Wife For A Hat And Other Clinical Tales — Oliver Sacks In The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat, Oliver Sacks examines neurological disorders through poignant cases. By combining clinical details and empathetic storytelling, he creates absorbing human narratives. A truly essential read. Your Inner Fish: A Journey Into The 3.5-Billion-Year History Of The Human Body — Neil Shubin In Your Inner Fish, paleontologist Neil Shubin explores how human body developed over time, tracing traits like arms and organs back to ancient fish through fossils. His engaging storytelling bridges past and present, making complex science relatable and awe-inspiring — a must-read for those curious about life’s origins. The genius Of Birds — Jennifer Ackerman From pigeons that outperform humans in visual memory tests to crows capable of complex reasoning, Jennifer Ackerman challenges the phrase “bird-brained” with a fascinating exploration of birds’ intelligence. Based on the latest cutting-edge research and fascinating field studies, Ackerman reveals how birds demonstrate incredible problem-solving skills, memory, creativity and even the ability to use tools. This popular science book will open your eyes to the surprising cognitive abilities of birds. 1. What does Astrophysics for People in a Hurry focus on? A. Idea generation. B. Universe wonders. C. Space adventures. D. Strategy interpretation. 2. What does Neil Shubin mainly do in the book Your Inner Fish? A. He invents fascinating stories. B. He discovers unique fossils. C. He explores the origin of fish. D. He studies human body evolution. 3. What’s the common belief of “bird-brained” when it comes to birds? A. They have a logical brain. B. They have a visual memory. C. They’re lacking in intelligence. D. They’re in need of training. B John Arrillaga Sr, the pioneering Silicon Valley developer, was one of Stanford’s greatest benefactors (捐助者), leaving a legacy literally built into every corner of campus. Over decades, Arrillaga’s generous donations and hands-on efforts reshaped Stanford’s campus. Though best known for athletic facilities, his true impact extended far beyond. As his longtime friend John Etchemendy noted, “Hundreds of projects bear his mark, yet rarely his name.” Nowhere was this quiet dedication clearer than in the reconstruction of Stanford Stadium. He personally funded and oversaw every detail — from selecting palm trees to designing seats to mapping walkways — yet refused to put his name on it. Born into a working-class family, young Arrillaga couldn’t afford a proper suit for his high school graduation, having to borrow an ill-fitting jacket with sleeves that barely reached his wrists. He unexpectedly attended Stanford on a basketball scholarship, working multiple campus jobs to make ends meet. After playing professionally in Spain, he returned to develop Silicon Valley offices during the tech boom, becoming a millionaire. True to his humble beginnings, he started repaying Stanford almost immediately after graduation — beginning with modest athletic department gifts that grew into historic donations exceeding $250 million. Through his scholarship programs, he’s helped over 300 students facing similar financial challenges. One day, a young donor moved by Arrillaga’s generosity shared how witnessing the selfless giving had profoundly shaped his devotion to charitable work. Realizing the ripple (涟漪) effect of his actions through others, Arrillaga months later made a rare exception: he permitted his name to appear on just one building — not for personal distinction, but as a nod to the power of leading by example. While his benefaction helped communities across Silicon Valley through donations to police stations, libraries, and other public spaces, his strongest ties always remained with Stanford University. 4. What was Arrillaga’s key role in the stadium reconstruction? A. A full-project supporter. B. A stadium co-investor. C. A landscape designer. D. A building material producer. 5. What motivated Arrillaga’s lifelong commitment to Stanford? A. The millionaire lifestyle experience. B. The desire for public recognition. C. The fate-changing scholarship. D. The business investment strategies. 6. Why did Arrillaga finally allow his name to appear on one building? A. To accept praise from the public. B. To show the ripple effect of athletics. C. To fulfill a request from his university. D. To inspire more charitable actions. 7. What does Arrillaga’s experience show? A. Wealth necessitates public display. B. Silent impact outweighs visible recognition. C. Humble beginnings can lead to fortunes. D. Athletic excellence drives social change. C Scientists have developed a low-cost, durable, highly-sensitive robotic “skin” that can be added to robotic hands like a glove, enabling robots to sense information about their surroundings in a way that’s similar to humans. Unlike most robotic touch systems, which use separate sensors for different types of touch, this electronic skin acts as one big sensor, making it more like human skin. Although not as sensitive as real skin, the robotic skin can sense signals from over 860,000 tiny pathways, allowing it to recognize different types of touches, pressure, temperature, and even damage — all in one material. Electronic skins work by changing physical information — like pressure or temperature — into electronic signals. In most cases, different types of sensors are needed for different types of touch — one type of sensor to find pressure, another for temperature, and so on — which are then fixed into soft, flexible materials. However, the signals from these different sensors can impact each other, and the materials are easily damaged. “Having different sensors for different types of touch leads to materials that are complex to make,” said lead author Dr David Hardman. “We wanted to develop a solution that can notice multiple types of touch at once, but in a single material.” Their solution uses one type of sensor that reacts differently to different types of touch. While it’s challenging to separate out the cause of each signal, these materials are easier to make and stronger. Researchers melted a soft, flexible, and conductive gelatine-based hydrogel (导电的明胶基水凝胶) and shaped it into a human hand. By testing different electrode (电极) setups, they found that just 32 electrodes at the wrist could collect over 1.7 million data points about touch across the whole hand. They tested the artificial skin by heating it, pressing it with fingers and a robot arm, and even cutting it. The team used this data to train a machine learning model so the hand could recognize different types of touch. In future, the researchers are hoping to improve the durability of the electronic skin, and to carry out further tests on real-world robotic tasks. 8. What is the feature of the new robotic skin? A. Being sensitive as human skin. B. Having 860,000 human-like pathways. C. Using single sensor for multiple touches. D. Possessing self-recovering capability after damage. 9. Why did researchers develop the new robotic skin? A. To replace human skin functions. B. To simplify sensor production. C. To create self-aware robots. D. To reduce the cost of skin materials. 10. What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us about the new artificial skin? A. The working principle. B. The experimental process. C. The analysis of data. D. The potential applications. 11. What might be the best title for the text? A. New Skin Gives Robots Human Touch B. Robots Are Covered with Flexible Skins C. Special Sensors Add New Functions to Robots D. Scientists Invent New Materials for Sensors D Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a welcome familiarity, but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight. There are three books I reread annually. The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris. The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的), an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about everything and nothing. The third book ís Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, as if a bottle of wine remaining more and more mellow as time flows. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts, which might add to the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary, rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that have to grow and read and reread in order to better understand your friends. 12. What does the author imply in the first paragraph? A. Drinking with old friends is quite beneficial. B. Either books or us are changeable along with time. C. It is recommended to read one book over and over again. D. Rereading requires a large amount of time and money. 13. What do you know about Hemingway’s A Moveable Feast? A. It’s a brief account of a trip. B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man. C. It’s a record of a historic event. D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris. 14. How do you understand “rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them” in the last paragraph? A. Rereading can help readers pay their debts. B. Rereading will bring satisfaction to authors. C. The more one reads, the richer he will be. D. Readers should pay money to reread books. 15. What is the best title for the passage? A. Three Masterpieces I Reread Annually B. Effective Approaches to Rereading Books C. Author and Reader Pull Their Own Weight D. Rereading Does Matter to Personal Growth 第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Yesterday, I called a friend to talk about an online meeting we’d had. I told her, “I don’t know if it’s just because I’m short on patience these days…” ____16____ So, I turned off my camera and microphone and busied myself with other things while listening. What I wanted to do was scream. But, thankfully my self-regulation skills still remained, so I didn’t. Self-regulation means regulating your emotions. It is an invisible skill and considered one of the higher-order thinking processes. However, I find that self-regulation skills are most often the lacking skill set. ____17____ Because, when a child lacks self-regulation skills, negative behaviors often show up. Hitting, throwing things, and crying are just some of the examples. Children do not possess self-regulation skills at birth.____18____ Many adults get surprised and disappointed when a child cannot self-regulate. As children grow and learn about the world around them, they begin to develop these skills. Still, some children will not develop this skill set through natural learning. They need direct instruction in self-regulation skills. ____19____ Once we realized, we could begin working on it. When it happened, we just said, “I know it feels like your tummy (肚子) hurts, but that’s because you’re having an anxiety attack.” In age-appropriate terms, we explained the concept of anxiety to him. Sometimes we praise him when he shows self-regulation in a difficult situation, such as a disappointing sports loss. ____20____Maybe I will tell my son about the meeting tonight. A. Kids need to be directly taught. B. It is a huge problem area for kids. C. I’m not sure why adults expect them to. D. Sharing good examples is also a good try. E. You should work on it when you name a problem. F. My son started having anxiety attacks in kindergarten. G. In the meeting another participant was really annoying me. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Born in a family with a history of getting angry easily, I had always tried to change. Years of treatment ____21____ the anger inside me, but it was still in there. My husband and I used to live close to a university, where loud sounds of gatherings and music ____22____ late into the night. Eventually, we decided to move to a ____23____ part of town. And now, here was this guy, who was ____24____ a new party table within full view of my kitchen window. The ____25____ of drunk and loud college students flashed across my mind, so I walked up and told him it had to be ____26____. “Who the hell are you?” he asked. “And what gives you the right to make such a ____27____?” Spotting there would be a ____28____ between the young man and me, my husband came up. As he pulled me away, I ____29____ at the guy and told him this wasn’t over. I got back home and ate my favorite cookies. When I calmed down, _____30_____, I was full of shame. Why didn’t other women get angry like me? I looked at the cookies, which I hadn’t intended for _____31_____, but now they seemed to be the best choice to make things right. So I walked across the street to the kid’s doorstep with cookies. When the student opened the door, I _____32_____ the plate and told him that the person he met just now — the one with the pointing finger and annoying _____33_____ — wasn’t me. At least it wasn’t the person I wanted to be. He looked down at the plate and his face _____34_____. He said he was sorry, too. I walked back across the street, feeling like I’d _____35_____ wonders. 21. A. removed B. increased C. eased D. trapped 22. A. broadened B. varied C. extended D. declined 23. A. cleaner B. quieter C. safer D. busier 24. A. setting B. hanging C. selling D. stealing 25. A. memories B. stories C. records D. accounts 26. A. put up B. broken down C. moved away D. given out 27. A. offer B. mess C. proposal D. demand 28. A. conversation B. war C. discussion D. settlement 29. A. stared B. pointed C. screamed D. tore 30. A. therefore B. besides C. however D. meanwhile 31. A. greeting B. complaint C. explanation D. apology 32. A. handed B. threw C. dropped D. seized 33. A. charges B. habits C. thoughts D. words 34. A. paled B. softened C. darkened D. hardened 35. A. sought B. celebrated C. done D. claimed 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Is there a Chinese soccer team at the Qatar 2022 World Cup? No. But one can’t miss Chinese elements in and around the stadiums there. One can drink water from ponds, ____36____(dig) by Chinese engineers,take a nap in a“mobile hotel”, built by Chinese engineers,____37____take a shuttle imported from China to move between hotels and stadiums. Did we forget something?Yes,even some stadiums are built by Chinese construction____38____(company),while the souvenirs one can buy there, too, ____39____(make) in China. That’s ____40____China has participated in this world Cup and earlier tournaments, and may do so in the upcoming ones too, thus ___41___(impress) the world with its technology and products. While “Made in China” has left its stamp on ____42____(early) soccer World Cup World Cups and other sports events , what makes the Qatar ____43____ unique one is the kind of technology China is providing. For example, the Stadium 974, built by Chinese enterprises, is the first ____44____(move) “green stadium” that can recycle rainwater for future use and make the garbage collected from the stadium into fertilizer. I think the reason why Chinese firms perform well in the World Cup is that China has registered good economic _____45_____(grow) during a global recession. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华。为帮助学生解决遇到的问题，你校国际部准备开展 “Problem-Solving Workshop” 项目，现就如何开展该项目向全校同学征求建议。请你给负责此事的老师写一封邮件。内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容利所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Why was our neighbor from across the street crazily pounding on our front door at night? She was screaming for us to open it. We rah lo the door, and she said only one word as she took off running: “FIRE!” Then she let us know that she had already called 119. We ran out just as the fire engines raced onto our street. The fire was huge! Flames were shooting wildly out of the windows and through the roof of the hundred-year-old, three-story house next door. The flames were so tall that they were visible a few miles away. Our house smelled of smoke. The whole neighborhood smelled of smoke. My husband raced next door to ensure our neighbors had gotten out. All family members were outside and safe, including the dog. He ran to the houses on the other street that backed up to the house on fire and banged (猛敲) on those doors to ensure the neighbors were safe, too. Luckily, they were! Our street was crowded with fire trucks, eleven in all. One engine had a monster light on it that made the street bright enough so that it looked like it was high noon on a sunny day. The paramedics (救护人员) and ambulances also came in case they were needed. Thank goodness, they were not. Our house became kind of a “safe house” with our next-door neighbors coming and going, as needed. It was a safe place for their dog, too. After around two hours, the fire was completely contained. Amazingly, the house was not a total loss. Most of it, while smoky and damp, could be saved. And only a few important items were lost. Only two rooms and a hallway would need to be reconstructed. The rest of the house could be cleaned and aired out. Everyone was okay. Their gratitude for the firefighters was overwhelming. They couldn’t stop saying “Thank you.” They expressed their gratitude to us many times for opening our house to them. It was a small thing for us, but tremendous for them. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 The next day, there were a lot of activities going on in our neighborhood. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As weeks went by, the house was slowly but steadily being rebuilt. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $