精品解析：辽宁省抚顺市东洲区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

辽宁省抚顺市东洲区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末 英语试卷 Ⅰ、单项选择（每小题 1 分, 共计 15 分） 1. Lucy could not make a ________ about what to do with the homeless cat, so she asked her father for help. A. point B. difference C. plan D. decision 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：露西无法决定如何处理这只无家可归的猫，所以她向父亲寻求帮助。 考查名词辨析。point观点；difference不同；plan计划；decision决定。根据“Lucy could not make a...about what to do with the homeless cat, so she asked her father for help.”可知，露西无法决定如何处理这只无家可归的猫，所以向父亲求助。make a decision“做决定”，固定搭配。故选D。 2. Lingling told her foreign friend Alice something about Chinese art ________ thinking twice. A. with B. of C. about D. without 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：玲玲不假思索地给她的外国朋友爱丽丝讲了一些关于中国艺术的事情。 考查介词辨析。with和；of属于；about关于；without没有。根据语境可知，此处指的是不假思索地为外国友人介绍中国艺术，without thinking twice为固定搭配，意为“不假思索、毫不犹豫”。故选D。 3. I always tell myself not to ________ easily when something isn’t going well. A. give up B. pick up C. look up D. take up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：我总是告诉自己，当事情进展不顺利时，不要轻易放弃。 考查动词短语辨析。give up放弃；pick up捡起；look up向上看；take up占据。根据“I always tell myself not to…easily when something isn’t going well.”可知，此处是告诉自己不要放弃，故选A。 4. —Dad, ________ I go to the movies with Amy tonight? —Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m. A. might B. should C. could D. must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】——爸爸，今晚我能和艾米去看电影吗？——当然可以，但是你必须在晚上9点半之前回来。 考查情态动词。might可能；should应该；could能；must必须。根据“Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m.”可知，应该问“今晚我能和艾米一起去看电影吗? ”表示委婉的请求，“Could I...?” 意为“我能……吗？”，用于请求对方允许自己做某事。故选: C。 5. Jim’s hard work makes ________ possible to get a prize in the English competition. A. this B. one C. it D. that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：吉姆的努力工作使他在英语竞赛中获奖成为可能。 考查形式宾语。this这；one一个；it它；that那。根据句意和句子分析可知，本句使用了“make+ it+adj.+to do sth.”，意为“使做某事……”，固定搭配，其中“it”为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语，故选C。 6. Flora sings ________ of my friends. We all enjoy her beautiful voice. A. well B. good C. better D. best 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：弗洛拉是我朋友中唱得最好的。我们都喜欢她优美的嗓音。 考查副词。well很好，为副词；good好的，形容词；better更好，为good/well的比较级； best最好，为good/well的最高级。根据“of my friends.”可知，设空处使用最高级best，用来修饰动词sings。故选D。 7. The computer can work now. Uncle Tom ________ it. A. repairs B. has repaired C. was repairing D. will repair 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：计算机现在可以工作了。汤姆叔叔把它修好了。 考查现在完成时。根据“The computer can work now.”可知此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时。故选B。 8. Mary usually ________ some important points and writes them down when she is reading. A. finishes B. forgets C. sends D. marks 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：玛丽在阅读时通常会标记一些重要的要点并把它们写下来。 考查动词辨析。finishes完成；forgets忘记；sends寄送，发送；marks标记。根据“writes them down when she is reading”可知，玛丽通常在阅读时标记一些重要的要点，再把它们记下来；mark“标记”，符合语境。故选D。 9. You can ask your parents and teachers for help ________ you need them. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：你可以向你的父母和老师寻求帮助，无论何时你需要他们。 考查连词辨析。however然而，无论怎么；whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；wherever无论什么地方。根据“You can ask your parents and teachers for help”可知, 此处是“你可以随时向父母和老师寻求帮助”。故选C。 10. My sister enjoys reading books, ________ storybooks. She often shares funny stories with us. A. simply B. completely C. especially D. probably 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：我妹妹喜欢读书，尤其是故事书。她经常和我们分享有趣的故事。 考查副词辨析。simply仅仅；completely完全；especially尤其；probably可能。根据“My sister enjoys reading books,…storybooks. She often shares funny stories with us.”可知，妹妹尤其喜欢故事书，故选C。 11. —James is a very ________ boy. He never tells lies to anyone. —Yes. We all trust him. A. honest B. quiet C. careless D. healthy 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——詹姆斯是一个非常诚实的男孩。他从不对任何人说谎。——是的。我们都信任他。 考查形容词辨析。honest诚实的；quiet安静的；careless粗心的；healthy健康的。根据“He never tells lies to anyone.”可知，他是一个诚实的孩子。故选A。 12. —How do you like the story of the Monkey King? —________. A. It’s cold B. It’s Monday C. It’s July 1st D. It’s interesting 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你觉得故事《美猴王》怎么样？——很有趣。 考查情景交际。It’s cold很冷；It’s Monday今天是星期一；It’s July 1st今天是七月一号；It’s interesting它很有趣。根据“How do you like the story of the Monkey King?”可知，应该回答对故事的评价，故选D。 13. Your parents may not understand how you feel ________ you talk to them about your problems. A. if B. unless C. though D. since 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：你的父母可能不理解你的感受，除非你和他们谈谈你的问题。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though尽管；since自从。分析句子可知，“you talk to them about your problems.”是“Your parents may not understand how you feel”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 14. Many old men now live _________ in the countryside, but they don’t feel _________. A. lonely, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D. alone, lonely 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：现在很多老人独自住在乡下，但是它们不感到孤单。 考查形容词和副词用法。lonely孤独的，形容词；alone独自，副词。第一个空是副词修饰动词，用alone；feel是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，用lonely。故选D。 15. — I shared a lot of interesting things about our country in the geography class. —________. Your classmates must be excited. A. Bad luck B. Help yourself C. Good job D. Take it easy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我在地理课上分享了很多关于我们国家的有趣的事情。——做得好，你的同学一定很兴奋。 考查交际用语。Bad luck运气真差；Help yourself请自便；Good job干得好；Take it easy别紧张。根据情景可知，此处是对在地理课上分享有趣的事情进行回答，只有C项符合题意。故选C。 Ⅱ、完型填空 根据短文内容, 从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（每小题 1分, 共计 10分 ） I was a shy girl and always didn’t know how to start a talk with others. Once I was a ___16___ of an art club, and we needed to prepare for an activity. Some students were busy decorating (装饰) our place: Wanting to know what help I could ___17___, I got up my courage (勇气) and talked with a girl student among them. However, she seemed a little busy and said, “No, thank you.” ___18___ I understood these words didn’t have other meanings, I still felt upset about being refused. Then when I was going to leave, another boy student ___19___ this and said, “Hey, we need your help.” When I was working ___20___, the boy student started talking with me and helped me join his classmates. With his warm help, I felt less ___21___ , starting talking with them freely. After that, I like to join in some activities and ___22___ with others. I’m thankful to the boy student who cared about my feelings ___23___ that time. Now I feel relaxed in communication so that my ___24___ with others go well. I also want to pass the kindness and help more shy people out of their _____25_____ world. 16. A. cook B. waiter C. doctor D. member 17. A. show B. offer C. get D. find 18. A. If B. Although C. Because D. Since 19. A. watched B. expected C. noticed D. agreed 20. A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. angrily 21. A. tired B. bored C. surprised D. nervous 22. A. change B. compare C. celebrate D. communicate 23. A. in B. at C. on D. by 24. A. grades B. journeys C. relations D. experiences 25. A. different B. crazy C. busy D. lonely 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从害羞不敢与人交流，到变得自信，可以与他人自由交谈的经历。 【16题详解】 句意：曾经我是一个艺术俱乐部的成员，我们需要准备一个活动。 cook厨师；waiter服务员；doctor医生；member成员。根据“of an art club”可知，应是俱乐部的成员，故选D。 【17题详解】 句意：想知道我能提供什么帮助，我鼓起勇气和他们中的一个女学生交谈。 show展示；offer提供；get得到；find发现。根据“what help I could...”可知，此处指提供帮助，故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：虽然我明白这些话没有别的意思，我仍然为被拒绝而难过。 If如果；Although尽管；Because因为；Since自从。“I understood these words didn’t have other meanings”和“I still felt upset about being refused”之间在句意上是让步关系，所以用Although引导让步状语从句，故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：然后，当我要离开时，另一个男生注意到了这一点，并说：“嘿，我们需要你的帮助。” watched观看；expected期待；noticed注意；agreed同意。根据“I still felt upset about being refused”和“another boy student ... this and said”可知，此处指另一个男生注意到了作者的失落，故选C。 【20题详解】 句意：当我安静地工作时，那个男生开始和我说话，并帮助我加入他的同学。 quietly安静地；quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地；angrily生气地。根据“When I was working ...”及语境可知，应是静静地工作，故选A。 【21题详解】 句意：在他热情的帮助下，我觉得不那么紧张了，开始自由地和他们交谈。 tired劳累的；bored无聊的；surprised惊讶的，好奇的；nervous紧张的。根据“I was a shy girl and always didn’t know how to start a talk with others”和“starting talking with them freely.”可知，作者不像之前那么紧张了，故选D。 【22题详解】 句意：之后，我喜欢参加一些活动并与他人交流。 change改变；compare比较；celebrate庆祝；communicate沟通 根据“I’m thankful to the boy student who cared about my feelings...Now I feel relaxed in communication”可知，此处指参加活动时与他人沟通，故选D。 【23题详解】 句意：我很感谢那个当时关心我感受的男生。 in在……里；at在；on在……上；by通过。at that time“当时”，指的是上文一个男生帮助作者的时候，故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：现在我在交流中感觉很放松，所以我和别人的关系很好。 grades等级；journeys旅程；relations关系；experiences经历。根据“feel relaxed in communication so that my ... with others go well.”可知，应是指和别人关系好，故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：我也想通过善良，帮助更多害羞的人走出他们孤独的世界。 different不同的；crazy愚蠢的；busy忙碌的；lonely孤独的。根据“help more shy people out of their ... world.”及常识可知，害羞的人一般是孤独的，所以此处用lonely。故选D。 Ⅲ、 阅读理解 （每题 1 分 , 共计 15 分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的五个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 A A messy (凌乱的) bedroom may cause some health problems. ___26___ Here are ways to help teens clean up and feel better. ★ Talk with your parents and work together. A messy room is really out of hand, and you might feel uncomfortable and not know where to start. ___27___ You can start by deciding what to do and who to finish the things. ★ Make cleaning a family activity. ___28___ Or each person can clean his or her own room, and then meet in the shared space of the house. ★Play music when cleaning. Each family member can share his or her favorite song to play when tidying up. ___29___ ★Take it one step at a time. Give yourself 10 minutes a day to clear out one place of your room. It might take longer before the mess is gone. ___30___ In a word, messy rooms, bad feelings, and teens’ worries often go together, so it’s important for teens to keep the rooms clean and tidy. A. Make a plan and ask your parents for help. B. Keeping rooms clean is good for your health. C. No one can stop cleaning until the music stops. D. But it can help to build a good habit of tidying up. E. The family can help each other, one room at a time. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. E 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些帮助青少年清洁房间的方法。 【26题详解】 根据上文“messy bedroom may cause some health problems.”可知空处起着承上启下作用，与保持房间清洁与健康的关系相关，B选项“保持房间整洁对你的健康有好处。”符合语境。故选B。 【27题详解】 根据上文“A messy room is really out of hand, and you might feel uncomfortable and not know where to start.”可知说的看到凌乱的房间，不知道从哪里开始，A选项“制定一个计划，向你的父母寻求帮助。”符合语境。故选A。 【28题详解】 根据上文“Or each person can clean his or her own room, and then meet in the shared space of the house.”可知此处与下文并列关系，与家庭打扫房间的分工方式有关，E选项“一家人可以互相帮助，一次一个房间。”符合语境。故选E。 【29题详解】 根据上文“Play music when cleaning. Each family member can share his or her favorite song to play when tidying up.”可知说的是播放音乐，C选项“除非音乐停止，否则谁也不能停止打扫。”符合语境。故选C。 【30题详解】 根据上文“Give yourself 10 minutes a day to clear out one place of your room.”可知与花费时间打扫房间的结果相关，D选项“但是它可以帮助你养成一个整洁的好习惯。”符合语境。故选D。 B There was a terrible rainstorm yesterday. What were you doing at that time? Here are four students’ answers. I’m Julie. My friend Jesse invited me to go shopping yesterday afternoon. There was a math test on Monday, so I refused her invitation. I was doing my math homework when it started raining. After finishing my homework, I went to bed. I’m Nora. I was reading a book at home while my mother was cooking in the kitchen. I was frightened as soon as I heard a loud sound. My mother gave me a big hug (拥抱) and stayed with me until the rain stopped. I’m Alex. I was waiting for the bus when it began raining. Luckily, the bus arrived very soon. When I got home, I took a shower and had dinner. It’s so comfortable at home. I’m Roy. When the rain suddenly started, I was playing basketball. My friends and I thought it was a rainstorm, so we immediately ran to the nearest store. Our parents drove us home carefully. 31. What was Julie doing when it began raining? A. She was shopping. B. She was doing her homework. C. She was waiting for a bus. D. She was playing basketball. 32. Where was Nora’s mother when the rain started? A. In the supermarket. B. At school. C. At the bus stop. D. In the kitchen. 33. What does the underlined word “frightened” mean in English? A. Scared. B. Excited. C. Moved. D. Interested. 34. How did Roy go back home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. D. By subway. 35. In which part of the newspaper can this passage be read? A. Culture. B. Business. C. Science. D. Weather. 【答案】31 B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文叙述了昨天下了一场可怕的暴雨。四个学生分别描述了他们在那时在做什么。Julie在做数学作业，Nora在家读书，Alex在等公交车，Roy在打篮球。每个人都有不同的反应和经历。 31题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第一栏中“I was doing my math homework when it started raining. ”可知， 开始下雨时，Julie在做数学作业。故选B。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格第二栏中“I was reading a book at home while my mother was cooking in the kitchen. ”可知，Nora的妈妈当时正在厨房做饭。故选D。 【33题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“My mother gave me a big hug and stayed with me until the rain stopped. ”可知，Nora听到雷声之后感到害怕，所以妈妈给了她一个拥抱，并且陪着她直到雨停，画线词意为“害怕的”，与scared同义。故选A。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏中“Our parents drove us home carefully.”可知， Roy是坐小汽车回家的。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“There was a terrible rainstorm yesterday. What were you doing at that time? Here are four students’ answers. ”可知，本文主题和天气有关， 所以可以在报纸中关于“天气”的部分看到。故选D。 C 阅读诗歌，选择正确答案。 Returning Home By He Zhizhang Young I left home and not till old do I come hack. Unchanged is my accent, yet my hair no longer black. The children whom I met on the way don’t know me “Where are you from, sir?” they smile and ask with glee (欢乐). Thoughts on a Tranquil (宁静的) Night By Li Bai Before my bed a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. 36. Who is the writer of Poem 1? A. Bai Juyi. B. Li Bai. C. Li He. D. He Zhizhang. 37. How is the writer when he returns home in Poem 1? A. He is young. B. He can’t talk. C. He has no friends. D. His hair turns white. 38. Which of the following rhymes (押韵) is right for Poem 1? A. a-a-a-a B. a-a-b-b C. a-b-a-b D. a-b-a-a 39. What does the underlined word “it” in the second poem refer to? A. The moonlight. B. The bed. C. The ground. D. The moon. 40. What do the writers of the two poems want to show us? A. Their love for children. B. Their love for parents. C. Their love of hometown. D. Their love of works. 【答案】36. D 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是两首诗《回乡偶书》和《静夜思》。这两篇诗主要描述了两位诗人的归乡和夜晚思念之情。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Returning Home By He Zhizhang”可知，第一首诗的作者为贺知章。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Unchanged is my accent, yet my hair no longer black.”可知，当作者头发花白才回到故乡。故选D。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Young I left home and not till old do I come hack. Unchanged is my accent, yet my hair no longer black. The children whom I met on the way don’t know me, ‘Where are you from, sir?’ they smile and ask with glee (欢乐). ”（少小离家老大回，乡音未改鬓毛衰。儿童相见不相识，笑问客从何处来。）可知，back和black押韵，me和glee押韵。故选B。 【39题详解】 代词指代题。根据“Before my bed a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground?”（床前明月光，疑似地上霜。）可知，此处it指代的是上文的月光。故选A。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。第一首诗中，作者讲述自己年轻时离开家乡，直到年老才回来，虽然口音没有改变，但头发已经不再乌黑。他在回家的路上遇到的孩子们不认识他，还好奇地问他从哪里来。第二首诗中，作者描述了自己床前的一片光亮，不知是地上的霜还是月光。抬头望去，他发现月亮明亮。他因思乡而感到悲伤。可知，两首诗都与对家乡的爱有关。故选C。 Ⅳ、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。（每题1分, 共15分） 41. 如果你感到头很热，你应该量一下体温。 You should ________________ if your head feels very hot. 【答案】take your temperature 【解析】 【详解】take one’s temperature“量体温”，是动词短语，在情态动词should后面用动词原形；主语是you，形容词性物主代词用your。故填take your temperature。 42. 我的爷爷习惯于晚饭后散步。 My grandpa ________ taking a walk after dinner. 【答案】is used to 【解析】 【详解】根据所给中文提示可知，空处意为“习惯于”，要用固定短语“be used to”来表达，因主语My grandpa为第三人称单数，所以动词也用第三人称单数形式，且句子时态为一般现在时，be动词要用is。故填is used to。 43. 我不想把计划推迟到下周。 I don’t want to ________________ the plan till next week. 【答案】put off 【解析】 【详解】根据所给中文提示及题干对比可知，空处缺失的信息为“推迟”。put off推迟，固定短语。want to do sth.想要做某事，所以空处动词用原形。故填put off。 44. 我一坐在电视机前，我妈妈就走了过来。 My mom came over ________ I sat down in front of the TV. 【答案】as soon as 【解析】 【详解】对比中英文可知需填“一……就……”的表达，as soon as一……就……，引导时间状语从句，符合题意。故填as soon as。 45. 我已经成为一名中国传统文化的爱好者。 I have been ________________ Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】a lover of 【解析】 【详解】根据语境可知，“爱好者”lover是可数名词，“一名爱好者”a lover，……的of，是介词。故填a lover of。 46. 我把我的自行车捐赠给了一个儿童之家。（汉译英） ________________________________ 【答案】I gave away my bike to a children’s home. 【解析】 【详解】我：I；我的：my；自行车：bike；捐赠给……：give away…to；一个儿童之家：a children’s home。分析句子可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填I gave away my bike to a children’s home. 47. 记得离开家的时候扔掉垃圾。（汉译英） ________________________________ 【答案】Remember to throw away the rubbish when you leave home. 【解析】 【详解】remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”；throw away“扔掉”；the rubbish“垃圾”；此处是when引导的时间状语从句，主句是祈使句，从句通常要用一般现在时；you“你”作从句的主语，谓语动词用原形；leave home“离开家”。故填Remember to throw away the rubbish when you leave home. 48. 露西去过长城两次。（汉译英） ________________________________ 【答案】Lucy has been to the Great Wall twice. 【解析】 【详解】根据句意可知，本句时态为现在完成时，其结构为have/has+done。“露西”Lucy；“去过”has been to；“长城”the Great Wall；“两次”twice。故填Lucy has been to the Great Wall twice. 49. 说实话，你的英语写作越来越好了。 (汉译英) ________________________________ 【答案】To be honest, your English writing is getting better and better. 【解析】 【详解】说实话to be honest；你的your；英语写作English writing；变得get；越来越好better and better。 分析题干可知，该句用现在进行时表示，所以谓语动词用is getting。故填To be honest, your English writing is getting better and better. 50. 根据医生的建议，杰克需要休息两周。（汉译英） ________________________________ 【答案】According to the doctor’s suggestion, Jack needs to rest for two weeks. 【解析】 【详解】according to“根据”，the doctor’s suggestion“医生的建议”，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，rest“休息”，for two weeks“两周”；根据语境可知，此句为一般现在时，主语Jack为第三人称单数，谓语动词need用三单形式。故填According to the doctor’s suggestion, Jack needs to rest for two weeks. Ⅴ、短文填空（每题1分, 共10分） 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 just different carry quick to them give the as home Liam Hannon was 10 when he started to help people who were hungry. He and his family made 20 sandwiches, put them in a large box, ____51____ the box into a car and handed out the free lunches. Liam is now 14. With the help of his friends, he ____52____ out 75 to 100 lunches three times a month. He set up the project (项目) four years ago. He did an online program. He picked service ____53____ a subject. In the first week, he needed to do something to help people who were ____54____. He said , “Dad, there are people outside who are hungry. Why don’t we make lunches for ____55____?” They made some food and went out of their car. They gave out the lunches very ____56____. He said meeting the people was ____57____ most meaningful thing for him. Because they were honest (诚实的) and they ____58____ needed a little kindness in their lives. He also gave some advice to other kids. Make plans ____59____ do some helpful things. And get their friends and family to take part in it. Every small action can make a ____60____ to others. When these small actions come together, the world will be better. 【答案】51. carried 52. gives 53. as 54. homeless 55. them 56. quickly 57. the 58. just 59. to 60. difference 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Liam Hannon在家人的帮助下从十岁就开始为无家可归的人准备午餐的故事。 【51题详解】 句意：他和他的家人做了20个三明治，把它们放在一个大盒子里，把盒子搬上一辆车，分发免费的午餐。此处应填动词，根据“put them in a large box”和“handed out the free lunches”可知carry“搬”符合语境，且句子时态为一般过去时，故填carried。 【52题详解】 句意：在朋友的帮助下，他每月三次分发75到100份午餐。根据“...out 75 to 100 lunches three times a month.”并结合备选词汇可知give out“分发”符合语境，而由“Liam is now 14”可知此处时态为一般现在时，主语he为第三人称单数，故填gives。 【53题详解】 句意：他选择服务作为一个主题。根据“He set up the project four years ago”可知他四年前创立了这个项目，结合备选词汇，应是他选择服务作为一个主题，故填as。 【54题详解】 句意：在第一周，他需要做一些事情来帮助无家可归的人。此处应填形容词作定语，根据“Dad, there are people outside who are hungry”并结合备选词汇可知应是帮助无家可归的人，homeless“无家可归的”符合语境，故填homeless。 【55题详解】 句意：我们为什么不给他们做午餐呢？根据“Dad, there are people outside who are hungry”可知此处指为无家可归的人做午餐，用them“他们”来指代无家可归的人，故填them。 【56题详解】 句意：他们很快分发了午餐。此处应填副词修饰动词，根据语境和备选词汇可知应是迅速把食物分发给无家可归的人，故填quickly。 【57题详解】 句意：他说见到这些人对他来说是最有意义的事情。根据“most meaningful”可知此处为最高级形式，其前面应加定冠词the，故填the。 【58题详解】 句意：因为他们很诚实，他们只是在生活中需要一点善意。此处应填副词修饰动词，根据“needed a little kindness in their lives”并结合备选词汇可知应是他们只是在生活中需要一点点善意，故填just。 【59题详解】 句意：制定计划做一些有益的事情。make plans to do sth.“制定计划做某事”符合语境，故填to。 【60题详解】 句意：每一个小小的行动都能对他人产生影响。根据“When these small actions come together, the world will be better”并结合备选词汇可知 make a difference to sb.“影响某人”符合语境，故填difference。 Ⅵ、阅读短文, 回答问题 （共10 分） 阅读短文，回答问题。 When you’re under stress, exercise can be the first habit to go. Though moving your body is one of the best ways to fight against stress, Melanie Caine, a yoga (瑜伽) teacher, advises not doing much exercise a day. “A little goes a long way,” she says. Some people will probably turn their necks when they work, read or even walk for a long time. However, Caines also advises people to have a rest for shoulder (肩膀) moves. To do this, start by taking in air deeply, raising the shoulders towards the ears, exhaling (呼气) and moving the shoulders back and down. Caines advises doing this without any strong movements and only if we feel good and there’s no ache. Another activity that people often don’t make time for is intentional breathing (有意识的呼吸). “Breathing enough oxygen (氧气) can keep us awake, but we don’t often use this quite useful tool,” says Caines. “At any time during the day, try taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing. And then it’ll start to help yourself relax.” 61. Why does Caines say “A little goes a long way” in the passage? ________________________________________________ 62. What does Caines advise us to do after reading for a long time? ________________________________________________ 63. How can we do intentional breathing according to the last paragraph? ________________________________________________ 64. How many activities are mentioned (被提及) by Caines to help us relax? ________________________________________________ 65. What do you usually do to fight against stress? ________________________________________________ 【答案】61. To tell us not to do much exercise a day. 62. Have a rest for shoulder moves. 63. By taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing. 64. Two. 65. I usually exercise to fight against stress. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了简单的运动可以帮助我们缓解压力。 【61题详解】 根据第一段“Melanie Caine, a yoga teacher, advises not doing much exercise a day”可知，Melanie建议“积少成多”的原因是为了告诉我们不要一天锻炼太多。故填To tell us not to do much exercise a day. 【62题详解】 根据第二段“However, Caines also advises people to have a rest for shoulder moves.”可知，Caines建议我们在长时间阅读后可以活动一下肩膀。故填Have a rest for shoulder moves. 【63题详解】 根据最后一段“At any time during the day, try taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing.”可知，我们可以通过鼻子呼吸，张开嘴来进行有意识的呼吸。故填By taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing. 【64题详解】 根据第二段“However, Caines also advises people to have a rest for shoulder moves.建议人们活动肩膀”及第三段“At any time during the day, try taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing.我们可以通过鼻子呼吸，张开嘴来进行有意识的呼吸”可知，文中提到了两种放松的活动。故填Two. 【65题详解】 答案合理即可。该句可表达为“我通常通过锻炼来对抗压力”。故填I usually exercise to fight against stress. Ⅶ、书面表达 （共计 15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 John 计划这个暑假来中国旅游，他写了一封电子邮件询问你去过的有趣的地方。请你根据以下要点，用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍你曾去过的一个有趣的地方。 要点： 1. 地理位置； 2. 气候状况； 3. 美味佳肴等。 要求： 1. 参考以上要点信息，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 邮件中不得出现任何你的真实信息（校名、姓名和地名等）； 4. 词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear John, You asked me about interesting places I’ve been to in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文： Dear John, You asked me about interesting places I’ve been to in China. I’d like to invite you to my hometown Fujian for a visit. Fujian lies in the southeast of China with Fuzhou as its capital city. It has a population of over 38 million. Because of the nice environment, it’s known as Refreshing Fujian. It attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad. If you come, you can enjoy fresh air, blue sky as well as beautiful mountains and clear rivers. Many famous places of interest like Mount Wuyi and Gulang Island are well worth visiting. Besides, you can taste various kinds of delicious food. I’m looking forward to meeting you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为一篇电子邮件； ②时态：主要时态为一般现在时； ③提示：根据所给内容要点完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，点明介绍的城市； 第二步，描述城市的特色； 第三步，表达自己的愿望。 [亮点词汇] ①lie in位于 ②attract吸引 ③be well worth很值得 [高分句型] If you come, you can enjoy fresh air, blue sky as well as beautiful mountains and clear rivers.（if引导条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 辽宁省抚顺市东洲区2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末 英语试卷 Ⅰ、单项选择（每小题 1 分, 共计 15 分） 1. Lucy could not make a ________ about what to do with the homeless cat, so she asked her father for help. A. point B. difference C. plan D. decision 2. Lingling told her foreign friend Alice something about Chinese art ________ thinking twice. A. with B. of C. about D. without 3. I always tell myself not to ________ easily when something isn’t going well. A. give up B. pick up C. look up D. take up 4. —Dad, ________ I go to the movies with Amy tonight? —Sure, but you should be back before 9: 30 p. m. A. might B. should C. could D. must 5. Jim’s hard work makes ________ possible to get a prize in the English competition. A. this B. one C. it D. that 6. Flora sings ________ of my friends. We all enjoy her beautiful voice. A. well B. good C. better D. best 7. The computer can work now. Uncle Tom ________ it. A. repairs B. has repaired C. was repairing D. will repair 8. Mary usually ________ some important points and writes them down when she is reading. A. finishes B. forgets C. sends D. marks 9. You can ask your parents and teachers for help ________ you need them. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever 10. My sister enjoys reading books, ________ storybooks. She often shares funny stories with us. A. simply B. completely C. especially D. probably 11. —James is a very ________ boy. He never tells lies to anyone. —Yes. We all trust him. A. honest B. quiet C. careless D. healthy 12. —How do you like the story of the Monkey King? —________. A. It’s cold B. It’s Monday C. It’s July 1st D. It’s interesting 13. Your parents may not understand how you feel ________ you talk to them about your problems. A. if B. unless C. though D. since 14. Many old men now live _________ in the countryside but they don’t feel _________. A. lonely, lonely B. lonely, alone C. alone, alone D. alone, lonely 15. — I shared a lot of interesting things about our country in the geography class. —________. Your classmates must be excited. A. Bad luck B. Help yourself C. Good job D. Take it easy Ⅱ、完型填空 根据短文内容, 从四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。（每小题 1分, 共计 10分 ） I was a shy girl and always didn’t know how to start a talk with others. Once I was a ___16___ of an art club, and we needed to prepare for an activity. Some students were busy decorating (装饰) our place: Wanting to know what help I could ___17___ I got up my courage (勇气) and talked with a girl student among them. However, she seemed a little busy and said, “No, thank you.” ___18___ I understood these words didn’t have other meanings, I still felt upset about being refused. Then, when I was going to leave, another boy student ___19___ this and said, “Hey, we need your help.” When I was working ___20___, the boy student started talking with me and helped me join his classmates. With his warm help, I felt less ___21___ , starting talking with them freely. After that, I like to join in some activities and ___22___ with others. I’m thankful to the boy student who cared about my feelings ___23___ that time. Now I feel relaxed in communication so that my ___24___ with others go well. I also want to pass the kindness and help more shy people out of their _____25_____ world. 16 A. cook B. waiter C. doctor D. member 17. A. show B. offer C. get D. find 18. A. If B. Although C. Because D. Since 19. A. watched B. expected C. noticed D. agreed 20. A. quietly B. quickly C. slowly D. angrily 21. A. tired B. bored C. surprised D. nervous 22. A. change B. compare C. celebrate D. communicate 23. A. in B. at C. on D. by 24. A. grades B. journeys C. relations D. experiences 25. A. different B. crazy C. busy D. lonely Ⅲ、 阅读理解 （每题 1 分 , 共计 15 分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的五个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 A A messy (凌乱的) bedroom may cause some health problems. ___26___ Here are ways to help teens clean up and feel better. ★ Talk with your parents and work together. A messy room is really out of hand, and you might feel uncomfortable and not know where to start. ___27___ You can start by deciding what to do and who to finish the things. ★ Make cleaning a family activity. ___28___ Or each person can clean his or her own room, and then meet in the shared space of the house. ★Play music when cleaning. Each family member can share his or her favorite song to play when tidying up. ___29___ ★Take it one step at a time. Give yourself 10 minutes a day to clear out one place of your room. It might take longer before the mess is gone. ___30___ In a word messy rooms, bad feelings, and teens’ worries often go together, so it’s important for teens to keep the rooms clean and tidy. A. Make a plan and ask your parents for help. B. Keeping rooms clean is good for your health. C. No one can stop cleaning until the music stops. D. But it can help to build a good habit of tidying up. E. The family can help each other, one room at a time. B There was a terrible rainstorm yesterday. What were you doing at that time? Here are four students’ answers. I’m Julie. My friend Jesse invited me to go shopping yesterday afternoon. There was a math test on Monday, so I refused her invitation. I was doing my math homework when it started raining. After finishing my homework, I went to bed. I’m Nora. I was reading a book at home while my mother was cooking in the kitchen. I was frightened as soon as I heard a loud sound. My mother gave me a big hug (拥抱) and stayed with me until the rain stopped. I’m Alex. I was waiting for the bus when it began raining. Luckily, the bus arrived very soon. When I got home, I took a shower and had dinner. It’s so comfortable at home. I’m Roy. When the rain suddenly started, I was playing basketball. My friends and I thought it was a rainstorm, so we immediately ran to the nearest store. Our parents drove us home carefully. 31. What was Julie doing when it began raining? A. She was shopping. B. She was doing her homework. C. She was waiting for a bus. D. She was playing basketball. 32. Where was Nora’s mother when the rain started? A. In the supermarket. B. At school. C. At the bus stop. D. In the kitchen. 33. What does the underlined word “frightened” mean in English? A. Scared. B. Excited. C. Moved. D. Interested. 34. How did Roy go back home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By car. D. By subway. 35. In which part of the newspaper can this passage be read? A. Culture. B. Business. C. Science. D. Weather. C 阅读诗歌，选择正确答案。 Returning Home By He Zhizhang Young I left home and not till old do I come hack. Unchanged is my accent, yet my hair no longer black. The children whom I met on the way don’t know me, “Where are you from, sir?” they smile and ask with glee (欢乐). Thoughts on a Tranquil (宁静的) Night By Li Bai Before my bed a pool of light. Can it be hoar-frost on the ground? Looking up, I find the moon bright; Bowing, in homesickness I’m drowned. 36. Who is the writer of Poem 1? A. Bai Juyi. B. Li Bai. C. Li He. D. He Zhizhang. 37. How is the writer when he returns home in Poem 1? A. He is young. B. He can’t talk. C. He has no friends. D. His hair turns white. 38. Which of the following rhymes (押韵) is right for Poem 1? A. a-a-a-a B. a-a-b-b C. a-b-a-b D. a-b-a-a 39. What does the underlined word “it” in the second poem refer to? A. The moonlight. B. The bed. C. The ground. D. The moon. 40. What do the writers of the two poems want to show us? A. Their love for children. B. Their love for parents. C. Their love of hometown. D. Their love of works. Ⅳ、根据汉语意思完成下列句子。（每题1分, 共15分） 41. 如果你感到头很热，你应该量一下体温。 You should ________________ if your head feels very hot. 42. 我的爷爷习惯于晚饭后散步。 My grandpa ________ taking a walk after dinner. 43. 我不想把计划推迟到下周。 I don’t want to ________________ the plan till next week. 44. 我一坐在电视机前，我妈妈就走了过来。 My mom came over ________ I sat down in front of the TV. 45. 我已经成为一名中国传统文化的爱好者。 I have been ________________ Chinese traditional culture. 46. 我把我的自行车捐赠给了一个儿童之家。（汉译英） ________________________________ 47. 记得离开家的时候扔掉垃圾。（汉译英） ________________________________ 48. 露西去过长城两次。（汉译英） ________________________________ 49. 说实话，你的英语写作越来越好了。 (汉译英) ________________________________ 50. 根据医生建议，杰克需要休息两周。（汉译英） ________________________________ Ⅴ、短文填空（每题1分, 共10分） 从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。 just different carry quick to them give the as home Liam Hannon was 10 when he started to help people who were hungry. He and his family made 20 sandwiches, put them in a large box, ____51____ the box into a car and handed out the free lunches. Liam is now 14. With the help of his friends, he ____52____ out 75 to 100 lunches three times a month. He set up the project (项目) four years ago. He did an online program. He picked service ____53____ a subject. In the first week, he needed to do something to help people who were ____54____. He said , “Dad, there are people outside who are hungry. Why don’t we make lunches for ____55____?” They made some food and went out of their car. They gave out the lunches very ____56____. He said meeting the people was ____57____ most meaningful thing for him. Because they were honest (诚实的) and they ____58____ needed a little kindness in their lives. He also gave some advice to other kids. Make plans ____59____ do some helpful things. And get their friends and family to take part in it. Every small action can make a ____60____ to others. When these small actions come together, the world will be better. Ⅵ、阅读短文, 回答问题 （共10 分） 阅读短文，回答问题。 When you’re under stress, exercise can be the first habit to go. Though moving your body is one of the best ways to fight against stress, Melanie Caine, a yoga (瑜伽) teacher, advises not doing much exercise a day. “A little goes a long way,” she says. Some people will probably turn their necks when they work, read or even walk for a long time. However, Caines also advises people to have a rest for shoulder (肩膀) moves. To do this, start by taking in air deeply, raising the shoulders towards the ears, exhaling (呼气) and moving the shoulders back and down. Caines advises doing this without any strong movements and only if we feel good and there’s no ache. Another activity that people often don’t make time for is intentional breathing (有意识的呼吸). “Breathing enough oxygen (氧气) can keep us awake, but we don’t often use this quite useful tool,” says Caines. “At any time during the day, try taking a breath in through the nose, opening the mouth and breathing. And then it’ll start to help yourself relax.” 61. Why does Caines say “A little goes a long way” in the passage? ________________________________________________ 62. What does Caines advise us to do after reading for a long time? ________________________________________________ 63. How can we do intentional breathing according to the last paragraph? ________________________________________________ 64. How many activities are mentioned (被提及) by Caines to help us relax? ________________________________________________ 65. What do you usually do to fight against stress? ________________________________________________ Ⅶ、书面表达 （共计 15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友 John 计划这个暑假来中国旅游，他写了一封电子邮件询问你去过的有趣的地方。请你根据以下要点，用英语给他回复一封电子邮件，介绍你曾去过的一个有趣的地方。 要点： 1. 地理位置； 2. 气候状况； 3. 美味佳肴等。 要求： 1. 参考以上要点信息，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 邮件中不得出现任何你的真实信息（校名、姓名和地名等）； 4. 词数80左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。 Dear John, You asked me about interesting places I’ve been to in China. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$