04.Unit 1 People of achievement单元检测卷-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高二英语同步学与练(人教版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 1 People of achievement 单元检测卷 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are they mainly talking about? A. A cold cure. B. A soft drink. C. Bob’s grandmother. 2. Where are Anna’s car keys? A. In her pocket. B. In her purse. C. In the kitchen. 3. How much is the film ticket? A. 4 dollars. B. 5 dollars C. 6 dollars. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An art museum. B. A painting. C. An artist. 5. Why are the speakers unable to go on vacation twice this year? A. The man has to repair the house. B. The man only has one week’s leave. C. They cannot afford it. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman think of the parents? A. Impolite. B. Unkind. C. Irresponsible. 7. What will the speakers do next? A. Eat in the restaurant. B. Go to another restaurant. C. Chat with the boy. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a clothes shop. 9. When will the woman get her blouse? A. This Thursday. B. This Friday. C. This Saturday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does Bob do when shopping? A. Buy what he likes. B. Buy cheap things. C. Overlook the prices. 11. In which aspect does Lily probably spend the most? A. Clothes. B. Eating. C. Housing. 12. How much money does Bob spend on clothes a month? A. $ 2,000. B. $ 1,500. C. $ 500. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman concerned about? A. The home time. B. The waste of money. C. The environment. 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. Family members. 15. What does the woman promise to do in the future? A. Recycle bottles. B. Drive slowly. C. Turn out the lights. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Have lunch. B. Go home. C. Carry on working. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why did the speaker post an ad in the newspaper? A. To look for a job. B. To look for a new roommate. C. To look for an apartment. 18. How did Andrew get in touch with the speaker? A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phone. 19. What can be found in the apartment? A. A study. B. A dining room. C. A kitchen. 20. What will Andrew do next? A. Move into the apartment. B. See another apartment. C. Talk to strange people. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why do we eat so much? One reason is buffet lunches—they need no explanation. Business dinners that last for hours also encourage people to eat too much. Dinner parties with friends are also culprits, as being in a good mood gives you an appetite. Eating too quickly because you are busy can also be a problem. It takes 20 minutes for the brain to receive a warning of overeating, so wolfing lunch in 10 minutes is not a good idea. Finally, skipping meals due to work pressure can lead to binge-eating in the evening. What’s wrong about overeating? “Taking in half the food that your stomach can contain is enough for you to survive. Eating too much places a burden on your organs and causes many health problems,” heath education expert Hong Shaoguang said. Health risks: Obesity: Countless scientific studies have proved that obesity causes heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, arteriosclerosis and other complications. Gastropathy: Overeating can cause severe indigestion even damage the gastrointestinal tract. Fatigue: Overeating slows brain reactions and accelerates the brain’s aging process. Cancer: Japanese scientists have found that overeating can switch off a gene that combats cancer. Dementia: Japanese experts have found that 30 to 40 percent of senile dementia patients overate when they were younger. 21. Which will not encourage people to eat too much according to the text? A. Being in a good mood. B. Business dinners lasting for hours. C. Too delicious food. D. Eating too quickly. 22. How much food is enough for survival according to Hong Shaoguang? A. Half the food that your stomach can contain. B. As much food as your stomach can contain. C. More food than your stomach can contain. D. A quarter of th food that your stomach can contain. 23. Which is not the health problem of overeating? A. Heart disease. B. Indigestion C. Looking older D. Cancer B On October 18, 2019, NASA astronaut Jessica Meir and her partner Christina Koch replaced a failed power controller outside the international space station (ISS). It means two women astronauts have made history with the first all-woman spacewalk. It’s not surprising that after having dived (潜水) deep under the Antarctic ice and climbed to some of the highest mountains in the world, Jessica Meir has set out to reach the outer space. Meir’s parents moved to Caribou, Maine and Meir grew up there. The family didn’t know anybody who worked for NASA or for the space program in any way. She thought her dream of joining in space exploration came true because of the love of nature she learned from her mother, and her father’s preference for adventure. When being asked whether she worries about the risks of space travel, Meir says, “I don’t worry about it. We do such a good job here at training. The people at the NASA centers work so hard to get us ready. They attach great importance to making sure that we are fully supported. Training and safety agreements are always the most important things. Emergent situations are stressed and practiced so many times that responses become natural. You can rely on that training. Yeah, you’re doing things you’ve never done before, but they know how to give that to you in a professional way.” “The happiest and most exciting thing I’ve ever experienced is that I have the spiritual and physical challenges at the same time. I’ve always been this way. I’m sure my mother would agree as she’s watched me do extreme sports throughout my life. I don’t think of them as risky, though. It is more about controlled risk. Being well trained and following safety measures is part of the fun. I do truly live by the principle that without risk there is no reward.” 24. Why did Jessica Meir and Christina Koch make history? A. They did a spacewalk without men. B. They are the youngest women astronauts. C. They are the first women to do a spacewalk. D. They replaced a failed power controller successfully. 25. What kind of character does Jessica Meir have according to her personal experiences? A. Smart. B. Considerate. C. Hard-working. D. Adventurous. 26. Why doesn’t Jessica Meir worry about the risks of space travel? A. She is an experienced astronaut. B. She thinks doing a space travel is easy. C. She trusts her co-workers and their work. D. She believes there is no emergent situation. 27. What does Jessica Meir say in the last paragraph? A. Practice makes perfect. B. The controlled risk is worthwhile. C. There is no risk in becoming an astronaut. D. She gets the spirit of adventure from her mom. C When I was 6 years old, my mom bought me a goldfish whose name was King. Some weeks after King arrived we decided to give him some friends, so I ended up with an aquarium (鱼缸) with about 15 fish. Every month, one or two fish would die and my mom used to replace them with new ones. After 3 years I lost interest in the aquarium, and my mom stopped buying new fish. The only fish remaining was King; he lived for 3 years! Five years ago, when I was telling a friend how long my goldfish stayed with us, my mom cut in and told me the truth, “Son, your real King lived for only 3 months instead of 3 years. I replaced him after he died so you wouldn’t get upset.” My mother is creative when it comes to deceiving. To prevent me from catching a cold after taking a shower, she always told me, “If you don’t dry yourself properly after showering, your body hair is going to grow out, making you look like a furry bear.” And her reason was simple — you water plants and they grow — similarly, you water your body and if you don’t dry, your hair grows. When I was little, my dad told me that pressing the button on the handbrake (手刹) would make the car fly and that he only used it in an emergency as it was extremely dangerous. Back then I knew he was probably cheating me. But now, when I am stuck in a terrible traffic jam, I gently touch the button and tell myself it’s always there for me in case I need to use it as a very last thing to depend on. I know they cheated me because they love me. 28. Why did the author end up with about 15 fish? A. The fish lived well in a group. B. The fish died from time to time. C. The family didn’t want to keep King alone. D. The author’s mother was fond of raising fish. 29. Why didn’t the author’s mother tell him the truth of King when it died? A. She intended to tell him the truth years later. B. She wanted to protect her son from getting hurt. C. The author wasn’t interested in fish any longer. D. The author actually knew the truth of King’s death. 30. What does the underlined word “deceiving” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cheating. B. Comforting. C. Persuading. D. Threatening. 31. What does the author mainly want to express through the text? A. His childhood stories. B. His love of his parents. C. Knowledge he got as a kid. D. Deep love from his family. D Even though they are lifeless objects, sand dunes (沙丘) can “communicate” with each other, researchers have found. A team from the University of Cambridge has found that as they move, sand dunes interact with their downstream neighbours and force them away. It’s well-known that active sand dunes move around. Generally speaking, smaller dunes move faster and larger dunes move slower. And what hasn’t been understood is whether and how dunes within a field interact with each other. “There are different views on dune interaction: one is that dunes of different sizes will hit each other until they form one giant dune.” said Karol Bacik, the study’s author. Now, Bacik and his workmates have shown results that query these explanations. Water-filled flumes (水槽) are common tools for studying the movement of sand dunes in a lab setting, but the dunes can only be observed until they reach the end of the flume. Instead, Dr Nathalie Vriend, who led the research, and the members of her lab designed a circular flume, so that the dunes could be observed for hours, while high-speed cameras allowed them to record the movement of the dunes. The two dunes in the study started with the same amount of sand. As the flow began to move across the two dunes, they started moving. At first, the front dune moved faster than the back dune, but as the experiment continued, the front dune began to slow down, until the two dunes were moving at almost the same speed. Besides, the type of flow across the two dunes was observed to be different: the front dune changed the flow’s direction, generated swirls (旋涡) on the back dune and pushed it away. As the experiment continued, the dunes got further and further apart. “The next step for the research is to find evidence of large-scale and complex dune migration in deserts. By tracking clusters of dunes over long periods, we can observe whether measures to change the migration of dunes are effective or not, which will be a way to cope with the desertification (沙漠化),” Vriend said. 32. What is people’s previous view on sand dunes? A. They can hardly keep active all the time. B. Dunes have negative effects on each other. C. Their speed has nothing to do with their size. D. Dunes of different sizes will eventually mix together. 33. What does the underlined word “query” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Follow. B. Advance. C. Question. D. Understand. 34. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. The front dune is attracted by the back dune. B. The back dune can change the front dune’s direction. C. The front dune tries to keep its distance from the back dune. D. The front and the back dunes will form one giant dune at last. 35. What does Vriend think of the further research on dunes? A. It is worthless. B. It is meaningful. C. It is challenging. D. It is disappointing. 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Why is life worth living?” If you ask this question, you will get different answers. 36 But we have put together a few reasons from different people as to why life is worth living. Learning. This is the reason we heard from school and college-going kids. 37 Right from studies to games, the eagerness to do better and learn more makes their lives worth living. 38 When we speak to a few office workers and professionals, this is the reason they give.The ability to create things seemed to make life worthwhile for many. New Opportunities. This is another reason that is put forth by people in different professions. Both professionally and personally, these people look forward to moving ahead and getting appreciation. They like to catch the new opportunities life throws at them which can make their lives worth living. Exploring. 39 Touring around the world, learning about the world history and visiting the most famous places do make life worth for many people. Love. Well, this reason is an evergreen one. Life is worth living for the loved ones around, be it a wife/husband, children or friends. 40   Being able to love someone and being loved back can certainly make life worth living. A. Creating. B. There is no clear or right answer in this case. C. Such relationships make life worth everything. D. Get together and share special moments. E. Getting wiser makes life worth living for many people. F. Some people just like to say that they want to explore more and discover new horizons. G. People all look forward to knowing,learning and finding out more about everything. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger(使者) of Peace. But one woman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall 44 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was 45 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 46 and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 　it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist(人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 48 person he was looking for to begin a 49 of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her 50 . With a strong 51 , she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using 52 to fish for termites(白蚁). This discovery threw 53 on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very 54 to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental 55 . “ Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 41. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted 42. A. done B. proved C. achieved D. realised 43. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream 44. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of 45. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced 46. A. knowledge B. youth C. hope D. chances 47. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered 48. A. only B. last C. special D. first 49. A. project B. study C. centre D. career 50. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear 51. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind 52. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons 53. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs 54. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful 55. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Economists Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer won the 2019 Nobel Economics Prize for their work in fighting against poverty (贫困), 56 is an award for their efforts to help millions of children around the world. Duflo became the second female economics 57 (win) in the prize’s history, as well as 58 youngest. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said their work had shown how poverty could be addressed by 59 (break) it down into smaller and more precise questions in areas such as education and healthcare, making problems much 60 (easy) to solve. “Our goal 61 (be) to make sure that the fight against poverty is based 62 scientific evidence,” Duflo said. While the UN estimates (估计) that global poverty 63 (cut) by more than half since 2000, it says one in 10 people in developing regions still live on less than $1.90 a day. Asked whether Duflo’s award was an attempt 64 (correct) the gender imbalance in the prize’s history, Peter Fredriksson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Economic Sciences, said it showed that women were becoming 65 (increasing) important in economics. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，是某英语报的主编。最近，你报将举办一个以“How to Become a Successful Person?”为题的征文比赛。请根据下面的写作要点，用英语写一篇征稿启事： 1. 活动目的; 2. 稿件要求：内容、字数等; 3. 交稿时间和方式。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Looking back on it now, all I can remember is pain that never seemed to end. I could do nothing except lie motionless and beg my body to stop hurting. The memory of doctors, nurses, and the conclusion of appendicitis (阑尾炎) was still clear. Based on my experience, nothing hurt more than three days with appendicitis, but after an emergency surgery, a severe flu, and stomach infection, the nurse had to come in every six hours to check my condition. I lost my appetite. I was simply not hungry, and was often not allowed to eat because of the possibility of more surgery. I lost twenty pounds. All the muscle that had taken years of swimming to acquire was eaten away. Before the operations, 1 could swim miles daily, Now it was an effort to sit up. When I finally did accomplish walking, it was only a few steps leaning on my parents. Through all this, the knowledge that I wouldn’t be able to swim again for almost three months mentally broke me down. When I finally got back in the pool, I struggled with my newly limited ability and the frustration of disappointment. Race after race, I fell short of my goals. Every time I attempted to enter the national competitions, I failed by a tiny amount. It was upsetting-so close, yet so far. Finally, I came to the last event that could qualify me for nationals. My last chance. I couldn’t help but feel extremely angry about what I had been through. This was my last shot: now or never. Swimmers learn at an early age that to swim well, you must take everything in one blow, because eighty seconds of the hardest work will be worth it later. You learn to love every second of it, because otherwise, you’ll never make it. You have to believe. When my name was called, my fear melted away like a stick of hot butter. I  mumbled (低声说), “I can’t be absent-minded during my race; the pool owns everything for that moment. I can’t mess up.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: The race started, and I dived into the pool. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When I saw my time, a wave of relief swept over me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null Unit 1 People of achievement 单元检测卷 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are they mainly talking about? A. A cold cure. B. A soft drink. C. Bob’s grandmother. 2. Where are Anna’s car keys? A. In her pocket. B. In her purse. C. In the kitchen. 3. How much is the film ticket? A. 4 dollars. B. 5 dollars C. 6 dollars. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An art museum. B. A painting. C. An artist. 5. Why are the speakers unable to go on vacation twice this year? A. The man has to repair the house. B. The man only has one week’s leave. C. They cannot afford it. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman think of the parents? A. Impolite. B. Unkind. C. Irresponsible. 7. What will the speakers do next? A. Eat in the restaurant. B. Go to another restaurant. C. Chat with the boy. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. In a clothes shop. 9. When will the woman get her blouse? A. This Thursday. B. This Friday. C. This Saturday. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What does Bob do when shopping? A. Buy what he likes. B. Buy cheap things. C. Overlook the prices. 11. In which aspect does Lily probably spend the most? A. Clothes. B. Eating. C. Housing. 12. How much money does Bob spend on clothes a month? A. $ 2,000. B. $ 1,500. C. $ 500. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman concerned about? A. The home time. B. The waste of money. C. The environment. 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Co-workers. C. Family members. 15. What does the woman promise to do in the future? A. Recycle bottles. B. Drive slowly. C. Turn out the lights. 16. What will the speakers do next? A. Have lunch. B. Go home. C. Carry on working. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why did the speaker post an ad in the newspaper? A. To look for a job. B. To look for a new roommate. C. To look for an apartment. 18. How did Andrew get in touch with the speaker? A. By WeChat. B. By e-mail. C. By phone. 19. What can be found in the apartment? A. A study. B. A dining room. C. A kitchen. 20. What will Andrew do next? A. Move into the apartment. B. See another apartment. C. Talk to strange people. 第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Why do we eat so much? One reason is buffet lunches—they need no explanation. Business dinners that last for hours also encourage people to eat too much. Dinner parties with friends are also culprits, as being in a good mood gives you an appetite. Eating too quickly because you are busy can also be a problem. It takes 20 minutes for the brain to receive a warning of overeating, so wolfing lunch in 10 minutes is not a good idea. Finally, skipping meals due to work pressure can lead to binge-eating in the evening. What’s wrong about overeating? “Taking in half the food that your stomach can contain is enough for you to survive. Eating too much places a burden on your organs and causes many health problems,” heath education expert Hong Shaoguang said. Health risks: Obesity: Countless scientific studies have proved that obesity causes heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, arteriosclerosis and other complications. Gastropathy: Overeating can cause severe indigestion even damage the gastrointestinal tract. Fatigue: Overeating slows brain reactions and accelerates the brain’s aging process. Cancer: Japanese scientists have found that overeating can switch off a gene that combats cancer. Dementia: Japanese experts have found that 30 to 40 percent of senile dementia patients overate when they were younger. 21. Which will not encourage people to eat too much according to the text? A. Being in a good mood. B. Business dinners lasting for hours. C. Too delicious food. D. Eating too quickly. 22. How much food is enough for survival according to Hong Shaoguang? A. Half the food that your stomach can contain. B. As much food as your stomach can contain. C. More food than your stomach can contain. D. A quarter of th food that your stomach can contain. 23. Which is not the health problem of overeating? A. Heart disease. B. Indigestion C. Looking older D. Cancer B On October 18, 2019, NASA astronaut Jessica Meir and her partner Christina Koch replaced a failed power controller outside the international space station (ISS). It means two women astronauts have made history with the first all-woman spacewalk. It’s not surprising that after having dived (潜水) deep under the Antarctic ice and climbed to some of the highest mountains in the world, Jessica Meir has set out to reach the outer space. Meir’s parents moved to Caribou, Maine and Meir grew up there. The family didn’t know anybody who worked for NASA or for the space program in any way. She thought her dream of joining in space exploration came true because of the love of nature she learned from her mother, and her father’s preference for adventure. When being asked whether she worries about the risks of space travel, Meir says, “I don’t worry about it. We do such a good job here at training. The people at the NASA centers work so hard to get us ready. They attach great importance to making sure that we are fully supported. Training and safety agreements are always the most important things. Emergent situations are stressed and practiced so many times that responses become natural. You can rely on that training. Yeah, you’re doing things you’ve never done before, but they know how to give that to you in a professional way.” “The happiest and most exciting thing I’ve ever experienced is that I have the spiritual and physical challenges at the same time. I’ve always been this way. I’m sure my mother would agree as she’s watched me do extreme sports throughout my life. I don’t think of them as risky, though. It is more about controlled risk. Being well trained and following safety measures is part of the fun. I do truly live by the principle that without risk there is no reward.” 24. Why did Jessica Meir and Christina Koch make history? A. They did a spacewalk without men. B. They are the youngest women astronauts. C. They are the first women to do a spacewalk. D. They replaced a failed power controller successfully. 25. What kind of character does Jessica Meir have according to her personal experiences? A. Smart. B. Considerate. C. Hard-working. D. Adventurous. 26. Why doesn’t Jessica Meir worry about the risks of space travel? A. She is an experienced astronaut. B. She thinks doing a space travel is easy. C. She trusts her co-workers and their work. D. She believes there is no emergent situation. 27. What does Jessica Meir say in the last paragraph? A. Practice makes perfect. B. The controlled risk is worthwhile. C. There is no risk in becoming an astronaut. D. She gets the spirit of adventure from her mom. C When I was 6 years old, my mom bought me a goldfish whose name was King. Some weeks after King arrived we decided to give him some friends, so I ended up with an aquarium (鱼缸) with about 15 fish. Every month, one or two fish would die and my mom used to replace them with new ones. After 3 years I lost interest in the aquarium, and my mom stopped buying new fish. The only fish remaining was King; he lived for 3 years! Five years ago, when I was telling a friend how long my goldfish stayed with us, my mom cut in and told me the truth, “Son, your real King lived for only 3 months instead of 3 years. I replaced him after he died so you wouldn’t get upset.” My mother is creative when it comes to deceiving. To prevent me from catching a cold after taking a shower, she always told me, “If you don’t dry yourself properly after showering, your body hair is going to grow out, making you look like a furry bear.” And her reason was simple — you water plants and they grow — similarly, you water your body and if you don’t dry, your hair grows. When I was little, my dad told me that pressing the button on the handbrake (手刹) would make the car fly and that he only used it in an emergency as it was extremely dangerous. Back then I knew he was probably cheating me. But now, when I am stuck in a terrible traffic jam, I gently touch the button and tell myself it’s always there for me in case I need to use it as a very last thing to depend on. I know they cheated me because they love me. 28. Why did the author end up with about 15 fish? A. The fish lived well in a group. B. The fish died from time to time. C. The family didn’t want to keep King alone. D. The author’s mother was fond of raising fish. 29. Why didn’t the author’s mother tell him the truth of King when it died? A. She intended to tell him the truth years later. B. She wanted to protect her son from getting hurt. C. The author wasn’t interested in fish any longer. D. The author actually knew the truth of King’s death. 30. What does the underlined word “deceiving” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Cheating. B. Comforting. C. Persuading. D. Threatening. 31. What does the author mainly want to express through the text? A. His childhood stories. B. His love of his parents. C. Knowledge he got as a kid. D. Deep love from his family. D Even though they are lifeless objects, sand dunes (沙丘) can “communicate” with each other, researchers have found. A team from the University of Cambridge has found that as they move, sand dunes interact with their downstream neighbours and force them away. It’s well-known that active sand dunes move around. Generally speaking, smaller dunes move faster and larger dunes move slower. And what hasn’t been understood is whether and how dunes within a field interact with each other. “There are different views on dune interaction: one is that dunes of different sizes will hit each other until they form one giant dune.” said Karol Bacik, the study’s author. Now, Bacik and his workmates have shown results that query these explanations. Water-filled flumes (水槽) are common tools for studying the movement of sand dunes in a lab setting, but the dunes can only be observed until they reach the end of the flume. Instead, Dr Nathalie Vriend, who led the research, and the members of her lab designed a circular flume, so that the dunes could be observed for hours, while high-speed cameras allowed them to record the movement of the dunes. The two dunes in the study started with the same amount of sand. As the flow began to move across the two dunes, they started moving. At first, the front dune moved faster than the back dune, but as the experiment continued, the front dune began to slow down, until the two dunes were moving at almost the same speed. Besides, the type of flow across the two dunes was observed to be different: the front dune changed the flow’s direction, generated swirls (旋涡) on the back dune and pushed it away. As the experiment continued, the dunes got further and further apart. “The next step for the research is to find evidence of large-scale and complex dune migration in deserts. By tracking clusters of dunes over long periods, we can observe whether measures to change the migration of dunes are effective or not, which will be a way to cope with the desertification (沙漠化),” Vriend said. 32. What is people’s previous view on sand dunes? A. They can hardly keep active all the time. B. Dunes have negative effects on each other. C. Their speed has nothing to do with their size. D. Dunes of different sizes will eventually mix together. 33. What does the underlined word “query” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Follow. B. Advance. C. Question. D. Understand. 34. What can we learn from the last but one paragraph? A. The front dune is attracted by the back dune. B. The back dune can change the front dune’s direction. C. The front dune tries to keep its distance from the back dune. D. The front and the back dunes will form one giant dune at last. 35. What does Vriend think of the further research on dunes? A. It is worthless. B. It is meaningful. C. It is challenging. D. It is disappointing. 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 “Why is life worth living?” If you ask this question, you will get different answers. 36 But we have put together a few reasons from different people as to why life is worth living. Learning. This is the reason we heard from school and college-going kids. 37 Right from studies to games, the eagerness to do better and learn more makes their lives worth living. 38 When we speak to a few office workers and professionals, this is the reason they give.The ability to create things seemed to make life worthwhile for many. New Opportunities. This is another reason that is put forth by people in different professions. Both professionally and personally, these people look forward to moving ahead and getting appreciation. They like to catch the new opportunities life throws at them which can make their lives worth living. Exploring. 39 Touring around the world, learning about the world history and visiting the most famous places do make life worth for many people. Love. Well, this reason is an evergreen one. Life is worth living for the loved ones around, be it a wife/husband, children or friends. 40   Being able to love someone and being loved back can certainly make life worth living. A. Creating. B. There is no clear or right answer in this case. C. Such relationships make life worth everything. D. Get together and share special moments. E. Getting wiser makes life worth living for many people. F. Some people just like to say that they want to explore more and discover new horizons. G. People all look forward to knowing,learning and finding out more about everything. 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be 41 by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger(使者) of Peace. But one woman has 42 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great discoveries. Jane Goodall’s lifelong 43 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall 44 going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days, as young girls didn’t think of having such “wild” actions. But she was 45 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of 46 and never give up looking for a way. When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily 47 　it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist(人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the 48 person he was looking for to begin a 49 of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania. In the beginning, studying the chimps was not easy for her. The animals fled from her 50 . With a strong 51 , she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too soon. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence. In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using 52 to fish for termites(白蚁). This discovery threw 53 on the popular idea at the time that man was the world’s only toolmaker. The longer Goodall’s research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very 54 to humans. Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people’s sense about environmental 55 . “ Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.” she said. 41. A. recognised B. known C. accepted D. admitted 42. A. done B. proved C. achieved D. realised 43. A. study B. interest C. sense D. dream 44. A. was fond of B. was tired of C. insisted on D. dreamed of 45. A. encouraged B. prevented C. advised D. forced 46. A. knowledge B. youth C. hope D. chances 47. A. accepted B. refused C. received D. considered 48. A. only B. last C. special D. first 49. A. project B. study C. centre D. career 50. A. in surprise B. in a hurry C. as expected D. in fear 51. A. will B. body C. desire D. mind 52. A. nets B. tools C. holes D. spoons 53. A. doubt B. light C. questions D. beliefs 54. A. close B. similar C. friendly D. helpful 55. A. improvement B. protection C. pollution D. destruction 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Economists Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer won the 2019 Nobel Economics Prize for their work in fighting against poverty (贫困), 56 is an award for their efforts to help millions of children around the world. Duflo became the second female economics 57 (win) in the prize’s history, as well as 58 youngest. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said their work had shown how poverty could be addressed by 59 (break) it down into smaller and more precise questions in areas such as education and healthcare, making problems much 60 (easy) to solve. “Our goal 61 (be) to make sure that the fight against poverty is based 62 scientific evidence,” Duflo said. While the UN estimates (估计) that global poverty 63 (cut) by more than half since 2000, it says one in 10 people in developing regions still live on less than $1.90 a day. Asked whether Duflo’s award was an attempt 64 (correct) the gender imbalance in the prize’s history, Peter Fredriksson, chair of the Nobel Committee for Economic Sciences, said it showed that women were becoming 65 (increasing) important in economics. 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假定你是李华，是某英语报的主编。最近，你报将举办一个以“How to Become a Successful Person?”为题的征文比赛。请根据下面的写作要点，用英语写一篇征稿启事： 1. 活动目的; 2. 稿件要求：内容、字数等; 3. 交稿时间和方式。 注意： 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Looking back on it now, all I can remember is pain that never seemed to end. I could do nothing except lie motionless and beg my body to stop hurting. The memory of doctors, nurses, and the conclusion of appendicitis (阑尾炎) was still clear. Based on my experience, nothing hurt more than three days with appendicitis, but after an emergency surgery, a severe flu, and stomach infection, the nurse had to come in every six hours to check my condition. I lost my appetite. I was simply not hungry, and was often not allowed to eat because of the possibility of more surgery. I lost twenty pounds. All the muscle that had taken years of swimming to acquire was eaten away. Before the operations, 1 could swim miles daily, Now it was an effort to sit up. When I finally did accomplish walking, it was only a few steps leaning on my parents. Through all this, the knowledge that I wouldn’t be able to swim again for almost three months mentally broke me down. When I finally got back in the pool, I struggled with my newly limited ability and the frustration of disappointment. Race after race, I fell short of my goals. Every time I attempted to enter the national competitions, I failed by a tiny amount. It was upsetting-so close, yet so far. Finally, I came to the last event that could qualify me for nationals. My last chance. I couldn’t help but feel extremely angry about what I had been through. This was my last shot: now or never. Swimmers learn at an early age that to swim well, you must take everything in one blow, because eighty seconds of the hardest work will be worth it later. You learn to love every second of it, because otherwise, you’ll never make it. You have to believe. When my name was called, my fear melted away like a stick of hot butter. I  mumbled (低声说), “I can’t be absent-minded during my race; the pool owns everything for that moment. I can’t mess up.” 注意： (1)续写词数应为150左右； (2)请按如下格式作答。 Paragraph 1: The race started, and I dived into the pool. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When I saw my time, a wave of relief swept over me. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、 1. A 【原文】W: What do you take for a bad cold Bob? M: Oh I have this great cold cure. It always works. I cut up a lot of ginger, put it in hot water and then drink it. W: Oh no, that sounds awful. M: It is awful. I hated it when I was a kid. But my grandmother made me drink it every time I got a cold. 2. C 【原文】W: Oh no! where are my car keys? M: Relax, Anna. Are they in your purse or your pocket? W: No, they're not. M: Look! They're still on the table in the kitchen. 3. A 【原文】W: Here’s fifteen dollars give me three tickets for tonight’s film please. M: Sure! Three tickets and here’s the three dollar change. 4. C 【原文】W: Pete, you’ve been to many art museums. So do you have a favorite painter? M: Certainly. I love Picasso best who expressed his thoughts through his unique paintings. Oh, my goodness, he was really a genius. 5. A 【原文】W: Why don’t we go on holiday twice this year? We can afford that. M: Although I have two weeks’ leave, I need one week to fix up the house. W: Alright. 6. C 7. A 【原文】W: Yikes! M: What happened? W: A kid suddenly ran in front of that waitress and she almost dropped the plate. I can’t believe it. The parents are just sitting there and waiting for food while their kid is totally out of control. M: What? I can’t hear you. W: I said the parents weren’t paying any attention to the boy at all. I don’t think they have a clue that he’s causing trouble. M: Look, he is crying his eyes out. W: Whatever, maybe we should just go somewhere else. It takes forever to get our food anyway. M: That’s not a bad idea. It’s also too crowded here. W: Uh-oh, it’s too late. Our food is coming. 8. B 9. A 【原文】M: Hello, room service, can I help you? W: Hi, I have an emergency. My blouse was dirtied with oil this morning. I’d like to have it washed and ironed as soon as possible. M: OK, but I’m afraid you won’t be able to collect it until this Saturday. We’ve been pushed for time since last Monday. W: I am going to give a lecture this Friday and I would like to wear this blouse, so could it be advanced by two days? If you could solve this problem, I would pay extra. M: You have been our VIP for many years. I will manage it for you without extra charge. W: Thanks a million. M: Enjoy your stay. 10. B 11. A 12. C 【原文】W: Bob, are you good at managing your money? M: I’m good at saving money, I suppose. I often compare the prices of commodities. I also buy things on sale. What about you, Lily? W: Oh, how I envy you! I wish I could save money as you do. Well, I don’t buy anything on sale. I overlook the prices. I buy things I like. M: So, how do you spend your money? Like eating, buying clothes, or renting a house? W: Well, I don’t have to spend money renting a house, because I live with my parents. I only need to buy some food. But I’m crazy about buying clothes, where I spend $2,000 a month. You know, girls always like that. M: You really should control yourself. I spend $1,500 less on clothes than you do every month. W: I’m going to control my spending from next month. 13. C 14. B 15. C 16. B 【原文】W: What are you doing to improve the environment? M: Me personally? Why do you ask? W: Because I saw you throw that plastic water bottle into the waste bin. M: Well, that is what I’m doing. I’m not leaving litter. W: But plastic should be recycled, not added to the general waste. M: Well, you left the light on over your desk when you leave our office. That’s a waste of power. W: Hmm, I suppose we are all guilty of harming the environment. M: But only in little ways. W: Yes, but all those little ways add up to big ways. Driving too fast, using too much cheat, that sort of thing. M: As usual, you’re right. I decide to separate my ways for recycling in future. W: And I’ll turn out my light. M: You can turn out all the lights now. It’s home time. W: Wow, doesn’t time fly? I feel like I only just ate my lunch. 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. A 【原文】 I've shared a two-bedroom and two-bathroom apartment with my roommate for two years. He is moving to Australia and I posted a "roommate wanted “advertisement in the local newspaper. Finally, I got a call from Andrew. He seemed normal on the phone and would stop by today to see the apartment. When he got there, I showed him around. The apartment has a pretty large living room with a large couch and a TV. It doesn't have a dining room, but it does have a kitchen. My room is the master bedroom with a connecting bathroom. The other room is the guest room with the bathroom in the hall. I told Andrew that he could use any of the furniture that my former roommate left behind. I also told him that he could use any of the appliances — the refrigerator, the microwave oven, and the coffee maker. Andrew said he liked the place. We agreed on the rent and he signed up. It was settled. What a relief that I wouldn't have to talk to strange people! 二、 第一节： A 21. C 22. A 23. C 【解析】本文是说明文。文章阐述了人们吃得过多的原因，暴饮暴食带来的健康危险等。 21. 细节理解题。根据Why do we eat so much?部分的“Business dinners that last for hours also encourage people to eat too much. Dinner parties with friends are also culprits, as being in a good mood gives you an appetite. Eating too quickly because you are busy can also be a problem. (持续数小时的商务晚宴也会鼓励人们吃得太多。与朋友的晚餐聚会也是罪魁祸首，因为心情好会让你胃口大开。因为你很忙而吃得太快也是一个问题。)”可知，心情好，持续数小时的商务晚宴以及吃得太快都是吃得过多的原因，“太多的美食”没有提到。故选C。 22. 细节理解题。根据第二段““Taking in half the food that your stomach can contain is enough for you to survive. Eating too much places a burden on your organs and causes many health problems,” heath education expert Hong Shaoguang said.( “只摄入胃能容纳的一半食物就足以让你生存下去。健康教育专家洪绍光说:“吃得太多会给你的器官带来负担，导致许多健康问题。”)”可知，吃胃能容纳的一半食物就足以让你生存。故选A。 23. 细节理解题。根据Health risks部分的“Obesity: Countless scientific studies have proved that obesity causes heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, arteriosclerosis and other complications.(肥胖：无数的科学研究证明，肥胖会导致心脏病、高血压、糖尿病、动脉硬化等并发症。)”“ Gastropathy: Overeating can cause severe indigestion even damage the gastrointestinal tract.(胃病：暴饮暴食会导致严重的消化不良，甚至损害胃肠道。)”和“ Cancer(癌症)”可知，吃得太多可以导致心脏病，消化不良和癌症，不会导致看起来更老，故选C。 B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了NASA女宇航员Meir一步步成为宇航员的过程，以及她对太空旅行的一些感受。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“It means two women astronauts have made history with the first all-woman spacewalk.(这意味着两名女宇航员进行了首次全女性太空行走，创造了历史)”可知，她们在没有男性的情况下进行了太空行走，故选A。 25. 推理判断题。根据第三段“She thought her dream of joining in space exploration came true because of the love of nature she learned from her mother, and her father’s preference for adventure.(她认为她加入太空探索的梦想之所以能够实现，是因为她从母亲那里学到了对大自然的热爱，以及她父亲对冒险的偏爱)”以及最后一段““The happiest and most exciting thing I’ve ever experienced is that I have the spiritual and physical challenges at the same time. I’ve always been this way. I’m sure my mother would agree as she’s watched me do extreme sports throughout my life. I don’t think of them as risky, though. It is more about controlled risk. Being well trained and following safety measures is part of the fun. I do truly live by the principle that without risk there is no reward.”(“我经历过的最快乐和最激动人心的事情是我同时面临着精神和身体上的挑战。我一直都是这样。我相信我的母亲也会这么认为，因为她一直看着我做极限运动。不过我不认为它们有风险。它更多的是关于控制风险。训练有素并遵守安全措施是乐趣的一部分。我真正遵循的原则是，不冒险就没有回报。”)”可知，Meir一直在做极限运动，并且认为没有风险就没有回报，可知Jessica Meir具有冒险精神，故选D。 26. 细节理解题。根据第四段“I don’t worry about it. We do such a good job here at training. The people at the NASA centers work so hard to get us ready. They attach great importance to making sure that we are fully supported. Training and safety agreements are always the most important things. Emergent situations are stressed and practiced so many times that responses become natural. You can rely on that training. Yeah, you’re doing things you’ve never done before, but they know how to give that to you in a professional way.(我不担心。我们这里的训练做得很好。NASA中心的工作人员非常努力地让我们做好准备。他们非常重视确保我们得到充分支持。培训和安全协议永远是最重要的事情。紧急情况下的压力和实践这么多次，反应成为自然。你可以依靠这种训练。是的，你在做你以前从未做过的事，但他们知道如何以专业的方式给你这种感觉)”可知Meir不会担心空间旅行的危险是因为她信任她的同事和他们的工作。故选C。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The happiest and most exciting thing I’ve ever experienced is that I have the spiritual and physical challenges at the same time. I’ve always been this way. I’m sure my mother would agree as she’s watched me do extreme sports throughout my life. I don’t think of them as risky, though. It is more about controlled risk. Being well trained and following safety measures is part of the fun. I do truly live by the principle that without risk there is no reward.”(“我经历过的最快乐和最激动人心的事情是我同时面临着精神和身体上的挑战。我一直都是这样。我相信我的母亲也会这么认为，因为她一直看着我做极限运动。不过我不认为它们有风险。它更多的是关于控制风险。训练有素并遵守安全措施是乐趣的一部分。我真正遵循的原则是，不冒险就没有回报。”)”可推知Meir一直在做极限运动，她不认为有什么风险，但是控制风险是值得的，故选B。 C 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。为了让作者养成良好的生活习惯，健康地成长，父母在作者的成长过程中说了很多“谎话”，但其实，这都体现了父母对作者的爱。 28. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Some weeks after King arrived we decided to give him some friends, so I ended up with an aquarium (鱼缸) with about 15 fish.( King来了几周后，我们决定给他一些朋友，所以我最终得到了一个大约有15条鱼的水族馆)”可知，作者最后只养了15条鱼是因为家人不想让King一条鱼呆着。故选C。 29. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I replaced him after he died so you wouldn’t get upset.(他死后我用别的鱼代替了他，这样你就不会难过了)”可知，作者的妈妈因为怕儿子伤心，所以没有把King死了的消息告诉他。故选B。 30. 词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“To prevent me from catching a cold after taking a shower, she always told me, “If you don’t dry yourself properly after showering, your body hair is going to grow out, making you look like a furry bear.”(为了防止我在洗澡后感冒，她总是告诉我:“如果你洗澡后不把自己擦干，你的体毛就会长出来，让你看起来像一只毛茸茸的熊。”)以及上文妈妈在King死后用新买的鱼保护作者幼小的心灵和下文用“洗澡后不擦干会长毛”等谎话骗作者可知，此处指作者的妈妈在“欺骗”方面别有创意。故划线词意思是“欺骗”。故选A。 31. 推理判断题。文章通过父母的三个“谎言”，表达了在作者成长过程中父母对他的爱和保护。文章最后一段“I know they cheated me because they love me.(我知道他们欺骗我是因为他们爱我)”升华文章主旨，所以作者想要通过本文表达家人深沉的爱。故选D。 D 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. B 【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了剑桥大学的一个研究小组发现，沙丘在移动时，会与下游的沙丘相互作用，迫使它们离开。 32. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“There are different views on dune interaction: one is that dunes of different sizes will hit each other until they form one giant dune. (关于沙丘相互作用有不同的观点：一种观点认为，不同大小的沙丘会相互撞击，直到形成一个巨大的沙丘)”可知，人们以前对沙丘的看法是不同大小的沙丘最终会混合在一起。故选D项。 33. 词句猜测题。根据前文“A team from the University of Cambridge has found that as they move, sand dunes interact with their downstream neighbours and force them away. (剑桥大学的一个研究小组发现，沙丘在移动时，会与下游的沙丘相互作用，迫使它们离开)”以及“There are different views on dune interaction: one is that dunes of different sizes will hit each other until they form one giant dune. (关于沙丘相互作用有不同的观点:一种观点认为，不同大小的沙丘会相互撞击，直到形成一个巨大的沙丘)”可推知，本来人们以为不同大小的沙丘最终会混合在一起，但是Bacik和他同事的实验，对这个结果提出疑问，推知query是“质疑”的意思，和C项意思相近。故选C项。 34. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The two dunes in the study started with the same amount of sand. As the flow began to move across the two dunes, they started moving. At first, the front dune moved faster than the back dune, but as the experiment continued, the front dune began to slow down, until the two dunes were moving at almost the same speed. Besides, the type of flow across the two dunes was observed to be different: the front dune changed the flow’s direction, generated swirls (旋涡) on the back dune and pushed it away. As the experiment continued, the dunes got further and further apart. (研究中的两个沙丘一开始的沙子量是一样的。当水流开始穿过两座沙丘时，它们也开始移动。起初，前面的沙丘比后面的沙丘移动得快，但随着实验的继续，前面的沙丘开始减速，直到两个沙丘以几乎相同的速度移动。此外，通过两个沙丘的流动类型也不同：前面的沙丘改变了流动的方向，在后面的沙丘上产生漩涡并将其推开。随着实验的进行，沙丘之间的距离越来越远)”可知，前面的沙丘试图与后面的沙丘保持距离。故选C项。 35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The next step for the research is to find evidence of large-scale and complex dune migration in deserts. By tracking clusters of dunes over long periods, we can observe whether measures to change the migration of dunes are effective or not, which will be a way to cope with the desertification (沙漠化),” Vriend said. (“研究的下一步是寻找沙漠中大规模和复杂沙丘迁移的证据。通过长期跟踪沙丘群，我们可以观察到改变沙丘迁移的措施是否有效，这将是应对荒漠化的一种方法，”弗里德说。)”可知，研究的下一步是寻找沙漠中大规模和复杂沙丘迁移的证据，这将有助于应对荒漠化，所以是有意义的。故选B项。 第二节： 36. B 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. C 【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章探讨了“为什么生命值得活下去？”，作者给出了五个主要的原因。 36. 根据上句“‘Why is life worth living?’ If you ask this question, you will get different answers. (‘为什么生命值得活下去？如果你问这个问题，你会得到不同的答案。)”可知，对于“生命值得活下去的原因” ，不同的人可能会有不同的原因，B项“There is no clear or right answer in this case. (在这个问题上没有明确或正确的答案)”符合语境，answers为复现词；下文“But we have put together a few reasons from different people as to why life is worth living. (但是我们从不同的人那里收集了一些关于为什么生命值得活下去的理由。)”可知，B项起到承上启下的作用，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 37. 本段的小标题Learning。根据上句“This is the reason we heard from school and college-going kids. (这是我们从在校学生和上大学的孩子那里听到的原因。)”可知，学习是生命值得活下去的第一个理由，G项“People all look forward to knowing, learning and finding out more about everything. (人们都渴望了解、学习和发现更多关于一切的东西。)”，G项与本段话题一致，learning为复现词。故选G项。 38. 根据下文“When we speak to a few office workers and professionals, this is the reason they give. The ability to create things seemed to make life worthwhile for many. (当我们与一些办公室职员和专业人士交谈时，这是他们给出的理由。对许多人来说，创造事物的能力似乎使生命变得有价值。)”可知，办公室人员和专业人士给出的原因是创造新事物的能力，A项“Creating(创造)”，create为复现词，A项为小标题。故选A项。 39. 本段的小标题是Exploring。F项“Exploring religious and spiritual boundaries also seemed to be another reason. (探索宗教和精神层面的界限也似乎是另一个原因。)”，Exploring复现，F项是对小标题的解释和说明。故选F项。 40. 本段的小标题是love。根据上文“Life is worth living for the loved ones around, be it a wife/husband, children or friends. (为了身边爱的人，无论是妻子还是丈夫，孩子还是朋友，生命是值得活下去的。)”可知，爱是永恒不变的活着的原因，为了身边的亲人一切值得。C项“Such relationships make life worth everything. (这种关系让生活里的一切都值得。)”，句中的Such relationships与上文a wife/husband, children or friends呼应，为顺接关系。故选C项。 三、 第一节： 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Jane Goodall的事迹——她喜欢动物，将研究动物作为自己的事业，并取得了一些成就。 41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更少会有人将得到全世界的承认，享有联合国和平使者的称号。A. recognized承认，认可，赞赏；B. known知道；C. accepted接受；D. admitted（勉强）承认，招认。根据后文“by the whole world, enjoying the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace”可知，喜欢动物的孩子有很多，但很少会将研究动物作为职业，而将研究动物作为职业，并且取得成就，进而为整个世界所认可的就更少了。故选A项。 42. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但有一位女性做到了这一切。A. done做；B. proved证明；C. achieved完成，达到；D. realised意识到。But前后形成对比关系，上文提到很少有人能做到的事情，此处强调Jane Goodall做到了，“被全世界认可和享有联合国和平使者的头衔”这些都是非凡的成就，是她做到了这一切。故选C。 43. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。A. study研究，学习；B. interest兴趣；C. sense感觉；D. dream梦想。根据下文中“This was quite a strange dream in those days(这在当时是一个相当奇怪的梦想)”可知珍·古道尔在很小的时候就对动物产生了毕生的兴趣。故选B。 44. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在10岁或11岁的时候，简梦想着去非洲和动物们生活在一起。A. was fond of喜欢；B. was tired of对……感到厌倦；C. insisted on坚持；D. dreamed of梦想。根据“This was quite a strange dream”可知，Jane梦想着去非洲和动物们在一起。故选D。 45. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她的母亲鼓励她追寻梦想。A. encouraged鼓励；B. prevented阻止；C. advised建议；D. forced迫使，强迫。根据下文“She told her that if she really wanted something, she should work hard, take advantage of chances and never give up looking for a way.(她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法)”可知，母亲鼓励她去追寻梦想。故选A。 46. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她告诉她，如果她真的想要什么，她应该努力工作，抓住机会，永远不要放弃寻找方法。A. knowledge知识；B. youth青年，青春；C. hope希望；D. chances机会。根据上文“she should work hard, take advantage of”可知，母亲鼓励她，如果想要什么，就要努力，充分利用机会，不放弃。故选D项。 47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1957年，一位密友邀请简去肯尼亚，她欣然接受了邀请。A. accepted接受；B. refused拒绝；C. received接收；D. considered考虑。根据下文“Within a few months of her arrival”可知，Jane欣然接受了朋友的邀请。故选A。 48. 考查副词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. only仅仅；B. last最后；C. special特别的；D. first第一。根据上文内容可知，Jane一直以来的梦想是和动物生活在一起，而在当时的人看来是奇怪的，因此路易斯·李基博士认为她是特别的人。故选C。 49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她到达后的几个月内，她遇到了著名的人类学家路易斯·利基博士，他很快就认定简是他要寻找的特别的人，开始对坦桑尼亚坦噶尼喀湖畔的野生黑猩猩进行研究。A. project工程；B. study研究；C. centre中心；D. career职业生涯。根据后文“In the beginning, studying the chimps”可知，此处表示开始了对黑猩猩的研究。故选B。 50. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：动物们害怕地逃离了她。A. in surprise惊奇地；B. in a hurry匆忙地；C. as expected不出所料，正如预期的；D. in fear唯恐，害怕。根据下文“Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.(渐渐地，黑猩猩们习惯了她的存在)”可知，一开始由于不熟悉，黑猩猩因为害怕逃走了。故选D。 51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭着坚强的意志，她每天都在森林里搜寻，尽量不过早地靠近黑猩猩。A. will意志力；B. body身体；C. desire渴望；D. mind思考能力，思维方式。根据“she searched the forest every day”可知，虽然刚开始研究并不顺利，但是Jane有着坚强的意志。故选A。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁。A. nets网，网状物；B. tools工具；C. holes洞；D. spoons勺子。根据下文中“that man was the world's only toolmaker”可知，设空处对应的信息词是toolmaker，tool符合语境。故选B。 53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一发现对人类是世界上唯一的工具制造者这一普遍观点提出了质疑。A. doubt疑惑；B. light光；C. questions问题；D. beliefs信念。throw doubt on 是固定短语，意为“对……产生疑问”，符合语境。故选A。 54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简的研究进行得越久，黑猩猩与人类的相似之处就越明显。 A. close亲密的；B. similar相似的；C. friendly友好的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据上文“In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using tools to fish for termites(1960年10月，她观察到一只黑猩猩制造并使用工具捕鱼白蚁)”可知，随着研究的深入，她发现黑猩猩与人类的相似之处。故选B。 55. 考查名词辨析。句意：自20世纪80年代中期以来，Goodall一直在世界各地演讲，以提高人们的环保意识。A. improvement改善；B. protection保护；C. pollution污染；D. destruction破坏。根据后文“Let’s live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love.(让我们怀着希望、尊重一切生物、理解和爱生活在新时代)”以及结合上下文，她研究的是动物，她演讲中呼吁大家尊重所有的生物（包括动物），保护所有生物，以及他们的生存环境。同时结合常识判断，这里她是通过自己的演讲提升人们的环保意识。故选B。 第二节： 56. which 57. winner 58. the 59. breaking 60. easier 61. is 62. on 63. has been cut 64. to correct 65. increasingly 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2019年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者迪弗洛，是历史上第二个女性经济学获奖者。 56. 考查定语从句。句意：经济学家阿比吉特·班纳吉、埃丝特·迪弗洛和迈克尔·克雷默因在消除贫困方面的工作获得2019年诺贝尔经济学奖，这是一个表彰他们为帮助全球数百万儿童所做努力的奖项。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the 2019 Nobel Economics Prize在从句中作主语成分。故填which。 57. 考查名词。句意：迪弗洛成为诺贝尔经济学奖历史上第二位女性获奖者，也是最年轻的一位。根据句意以及空前the second可知，此处为名词形式winner“获奖者”作表语，满足句意要求。故填winner。 58. 考查冠词。句意：迪弗洛成为诺贝尔经济学奖历史上第二位女性获奖者，也是最年轻的一位。由空后youngest为最高级可知，此处为定冠词the+最高级形式。故填the。 59. 考查动名词。句意：瑞典皇家科学院(Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)表示，他们的研究表明，通过将贫困问题分解为教育和医疗等领域更小、更精确的问题，可以解决贫困问题，使问题更容易解决。由空前介词by以及提示词为动词可知，此处为动名词形式。故填breaking。 60. 考查形容词比较级。句意：瑞典皇家科学院(Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences)表示，他们的研究表明，通过将贫困问题分解为教育和医疗等领域更小、更精确的问题，可以解决贫困问题，使问题更容易解决。根据句意以及空前much可知，此处为形容词比较级形式，much常常修饰比较级，构成much easier“容易得多”，满足句意要求。故填easier。 61. 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：我们的目标是确保与贫困的斗争以科学证据为基础。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由空后为不定式作表语可知，此处为系动词形式，主语Our goal为单数名词，结合句意以及从句动词is可知，此处应为一般现在时。故填is。 62. 考查介词。句意：我们的目标是确保与贫困的斗争以科学证据为基础。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be based on“以……为基础”，满足句意要求。故填on。 63. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：据联合国估计，自2000年以来，全球贫困人口减少了一半以上，但发展中地区仍有十分之一的人每天生活费不足1.9美元。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，由since可知，此处应为现在完成时，主语global poverty为单数意义名词和动词cut为被动关系，所以为现在完成时的被动语态结构。故填has been cut。 64. 考查动词不定式。句意：当被问及授予迪弗洛是否是为了纠正该奖项历史上的性别失衡时，诺贝尔经济科学委员会主席彼得•弗雷德里克森(Peter Fredriksson)表示，这表明女性在经济学领域正变得越来越重要。分析句子可知，此处为短语attempt to do sth，满足句意要求。故填to correct。 65. 考查副词。句意：当被问及授予迪弗洛是否是为了纠正该奖项历史上的性别失衡时，诺贝尔经济科学委员会主席彼得•弗雷德里克森(Peter Fredriksson)表示，这表明女性在经济学领域正变得越来越重要。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词increasingly作状语修饰形容词important。故填increasingly。 四、 第一节： Contributions Wanted Are you fond of writing in English? Then this is just the opportunity for you. In order to encourage readers to become a successful person, we are holding a writing competition and contributions titled “How to Become a Successful Person?” are wanted. Readers who are interested in the competition are supposed to list the personal qualities necessary to be a successful person and what successful people have in common. You should write within 500 words and send your contribution to Englishpaper@163.com before March 16. We are looking forward to receiving your contributions. 【写作分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，是某英语报的主编。最近，你报将举办一个以“How to Become a Successful Person?”为题的征文比赛。请根据下面的写作要点，用英语写一篇征稿启事。 【解析】1.词汇积累 喜欢：be fond of→fall in love with 机会：opportunity→chance 比赛：competition→contest 必要的：necessary→essential 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to encourage readers to become a successful person, we are holding a writing competition and contributions titled “How to Become a Successful Person?” 拓展句：We are holding a writing competition and contributions titled “How to Become a Successful Person?”, whose aim is to encourage readers to become a successful person. [高分句型1] In order to encourage readers to become a successful person, we are holding a writing competition and contributions titled “How to Become a Successful Person?”(运用了不定式作目的状语) [高分句型2] Readers who are interested in the competition are supposed to list the personal qualities necessary to be a successful person and what successful people have in common. (运用了who引导定语从句) 第二节： The race started, and I dived into the pool. I kicked off the wall with a surge of energy, propelling myself forward. With each stroke, I pushed the memories of pain and frustration aside. My mind emptied of everything except the sensation of the water against my skin and the drive to reach the other end. As I turned at the halfway point, I felt a surge of power within me, a reminder of the strength I had regained. I pushed harder, my heart pounding with my strokes. When I saw my time, a wave of relief swept over me. I had not only qualified for nationals but also achieved a personal best. Tears welled up in my eyes. As I emerged from the pool, surrounded by cheers and applause, I knew that I had conquered more than just a race. I had overcome the greatest obstacle of all  myself. And in that victory, I found a renewed love for swimming and a deeper appreciation for the resilience of the human spirit. 【写作分析】本文以人物为展开，讲述了作者得阑尾炎，导致近三个月内无法游泳。终于可以继续游泳时，作者的状态下滑，以微弱的差距错失参加国家队比赛的资格。在最后一次全国赛资格赛上，作者克服恐惧，全力以赴，深知每一刻的努力都至关重要。 【解析】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“比赛开始了，我跳进了游泳池。”可知，第一段可描写作者努力游泳，以及游泳时的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“当我看到我的时间，一股如释重负的浪潮席卷了我。”可知，第二段可描写作者获得了国家队的参赛资格，重新爱上游泳，并对人类精神的坚韧有了更深的理解。 2. 续写线索：开始比赛——努力游泳——获得国家队参赛资格——激动——感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①到达：reach/arrive at ②恢复：regain/restore ③获得：achieve/gain/obtain 情绪类 ①痛苦：pain/suffering ②沮丧：frustration/disappointment 【高分句型1】As I turned at the halfway point, I felt a surge of power within me, a reminder of the strength I had regained. (运用了as引导时间状语从句，省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】As I emerged from the pool, surrounded by cheers and applause, I knew that I had conquered more than just a race. (运用了as引导时间状语从句，that引导的宾语从句) ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$