03.Unit 1 People of achievement单元复习学案-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高二英语同步学与练(人教版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 1 People of achievement 单元复习学案 一、单词拼写 1. It’s an honour for China’s s (科学的) research to be spread around the world. 2. Although the scientists e (遇到) various difficulties in the experiment, they never gave up. 3. When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never c (犯罪) any crime.” 4. She can draw a c (结论) from her own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 5. Under no (情况) should you use the elevator during a fire. 6. Driven by a p for photography, she quitted her well-paid job and established a photography studio. 7. Electricity lines to 3000 homes g (逐渐) began to recover. 8. He made a silly mistake, so he (降低) his head, not daring to look up. 9. Managers tend to e the staff’s performance based on their ability to work rather than their characters. 10. Henry looked very excited. A (显然地), he knew he had won first prize in the speech contest. 11. In c (结论), all students regard him to be the most respectable teacher. 12. Numerous novels written by the distinguished n (小说家) are highly thought of by fans. 13. Dr. Yuan is universally a (承认) as “father of hybrid rice”. 14. There is no doubt that William Shakespeare is a g in the field of drama. 15. I’ll d (草拟) a letter for you. 16. It is difficult to o (获得) reliable evidence. 17. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage---it is of (至关重要的) importance that we do something. 18. The proposal to change the rules was narrowly d________ by 201 votes to 196. 19. There’re many (理论) about the origin of life. 20. She has been whole-heartedly c to environmental protection.（忠于, 承诺, 投入） 二、语法填空 21. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. 22. I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. 23. (apparent), with the population exploding, the island was in chaos. 24. As is (apparent) shown in the above chart, there are about 10% students supporting the idea. 25. Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, the game was given new rules. 26. I communicated with a lawyer, point of view on the global affair was very novel. 27. She became the first black woman (elect) to the committee. 28. Kobe, contribution to basketball is difficult to exaggerate (夸大), has inspired millions of people. 29. The village is (remark) for its beautiful scenery. 30. In (conclude), I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today. 31. Tom is a (commit) member of the team. 32. With the restoration of vegetation, the desert (gradual) returned to life. 33. She was (apparent) a very nervous woman, and that affected her career. 34. We need to (analysis) our results more clearly. 35. Derek is a politician fully (commit) to the peace process. 三、单项选择 36. The teacher insisted that the student ________ a chance to further his study because of his excellence, ________ won the headmaster’s approval. A. gave; that B. giving; which C. was given; which D. be given; which 37. He got the first prize in the swimming competition, ______ pleased his parents very much. A. which B. what C. where D. when 38. Our English teacher told us to form a habit of reading every day, _______, we think, will benefit us in the long run. A. which B. that C. when D. where 39. The sharp man survived the accidental disaster ____________ his wisdom and perseverance. A. banking on B. taking on C. putting on D. insisting on 40. More than 17, 000 scientists and researchers took part in the project, 20% ____________were awarded for their remarkable accomplishments. A. of who B. of whom C. to whom D. of which 41. About 35,000 works are __________ being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. A. initially B. currently C. gradually D. precisely 42. The horses, whether resting or on the move, offered Han Gan a lot of __________. A. sponsor B. certificate C. inspiration D. property 43. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, _________ they learn simple games and songs. A. which B. that C. where D. while 44. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. A. what B. that C. whose D. which 45. The little boys were cleaning the windows, most of __________ were dirty. A. them B. whom C. that D. which 46. ___________ in music, he was lost in a worry-free world. A. Absorbed B. Indicated C. Devoted D. Committed 47. The manager __________ meeting with the team to discuss the new project proposal. A. belonged to B. insisted on C. judged from D. figured out 48. It was at the airport _______ I met my old friend Lily, _______ mother was my English teacher when I was studying in primary school. A. that; who B. which, whose C. that; whose D. where. who 49. Annie introduced me to some of her friends, ________ had been to China several times. A. one of that B. one of which C. one of whom D. one of who 50. Zhang Qian, a very famous person in history, gave a vivid ________ of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court. A. theory B. opinion C. account D. instruction 四、阅读理解 1 Animal appear to predict earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study to find reliable evidence of the phenomenon has shown. Cameras revealed an “amazing” drop in the number of animals up to 23 days before a major quake hit their rainforest home at Yanachaga National Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, from Anglia Ruskin University, said, “The results showed that just before the earthquake, animals’ activity dropped right down.” On a normal day the cameras placed around Yanachaga National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake. Another study showed that animal activity remained normal in the park over a different period when seismic (地震的) activity was low. Co-author, professor Friedemann Freund, said, “The cameras were located at an altitude of 900 meters. If air ionization occurred, the animals would escape to the valley below, where there were fewer positive ions ( 离子). With their ability to sense their environment, animals can help us understand small changes that occur before major earthquakes.” Other evidence suggested that before the earthquake, the air around the high mountain sites filled with positive ions that can be produced when rocks are placed under stress. Positive ions have been known to cause ill effects in humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. The findings may help experts develop better short-term seismic forecasts. 51. How did scientists conduct the study? A. By comparing different animals’ habits. B. By observing animals in high mountains. C. By explaining the positive ion phenomenon. D. By analyzing images of animals they obtained. 52. What can be inferred from animal activity before earthquakes? A. The ground at a lower altitude is less ionized. B. Cameras normally record more animals per day. C. Earthquake warnings can be detected in lower places. D. The activity of animals and earthquakes is consistent. 53. What can we learn from the text? A. The findings make for accurate seismic forecast. B. Animals tend to be uneasy with more positive ions. C. Positive ions make humans and animals depressed. D. All the animals remain abnormal before the earthquake. 54. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Negative Influence of Positive Ions. B. Ions’ Destruction to the Environment. C. Animals’ Behavior Before Earthquakes. D. Creatures’ Ability to Predict Earthquakes. 2 Below is a brief description of the process involved in selecting the Nobel Prize laureates (获奖者) in physics. September-Nomination (提名) forms are sent out. The Nobel Committee sends out confidential forms to around 3,000 people-selected professors at universities around the world, Nobel Prize laureates in physics and chemistry, and members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others. February-Deadline for submission. The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. The Committee screens the nominations and selects the preliminary candidates. About 250-350 names are nominated as several nominators often submit the same name. March-May-Consultation with experts. The Nobel Committee sends the names of the preliminary (初步的) candidates to specially appointed experts for their assessment of the candidates’ work. Jun-August-Writing of the report. The Nobel Committee puts together the report with recommendations to be submitted to the Academy. The report is signed by all members of the Committee. September-Committee submits recommendations. The Nobel Committee submits its report with recommendations on the final candidates to the members of the Academy. The report is discussed at two meetings of the Physics Class of the Academy. October-Nobel Prize laureates are chosen. In early October, the Academy selects the Nobel Prize laureates in physics through a majority vote. The decision is final and without appeal. The names of the Nobel Laureates are then announced. December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize. The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma (证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. 55. When should nomination forms be sent back to the Nobel Committee in the following year? A. Later than March. B. Later than April. C. Earlier than February. D. Later than August. 56. Where does the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize? A. In Stockholm. B. In New York. C. In Canberra. D. In London. 57. The Nobel Prize is NOT made up of_________. A. A medal. B. A diploma. C. A document. D. A souvenir. 五、完形填空 Right after World War II, a U.S. army officer lived in Japan. That country had been destroyed by the war. Many people 58 their jobs, so they came to the officer’s door every day 59 to get employed (雇佣). One man told the officer that he could create 60 for his garden if he could give him a(n) 61 . For the first time in his life, this army officer 62 a gardener. The man spoke no English, so the officer could 63 communicate with him through body language. As the man had promised, the garden soon became the 64 in the neighborhood. One day the gardener came with an interpreter (口译员) who expressed the 65 but the pity of the gardener. “He will no longer be able to 66 your garden. He must leave.” The officer 67 his pity and thanked him through the interpreter for making him such a fine garden. Out of 68 , he asked the interpreter, “Where is he going?” The interpreter replied that the gardener was going to 69 his old job as the Professor of Horticulture (园艺学) at the University of Tokyo. The officer was greatly 70 . No wonder he 71 so much about gardening! Imagine having someone at your garden with that amount of 72 . What a beautiful garden you could have! 58. A. started B. lost C. disliked D. protected 59. A. proving B. choosing C. trying D. pretending 60. A. tools B. flowers C. conditions D. wonders 61. A. change B. chance C. excuse D. plan 62. A. recognized B. commanded C. hired D. respected 63. A. only B. even C. still D. ever 64. A. widest B. finest C. dirtiest D. cleanest 65. A. appreciation B. invitation C. enjoyment D. doubt 66. A. rely on B. check out C. think of D. care for 67. A. expressed B. forgave C. judged D. hid 68. A. habit B. pity C. politeness D. necessity 69. A. find B. continue C. achieve D. lead 70. A. worried B. frightened C. inspired D. shocked 71. A. knew B. learned C. heard D. expected 72. A. money B. love C. energy D. knowledge 六、语法填空 阅读短文，根据首字母及课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当单词的正确形式。 Yuan longping, k 73 as the “father of hybrid rice” is one of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considers 74 a farmer because he continually w 75 the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but s 76 body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers to whom he has d 77 his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to p 78 a career in science or medicine. 79 , what concerned him most was that farmers had often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious s 80 of food to eat. To t 81 this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education of Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked 82 a researcher and began to develop the first hybrid rice that could be use for farming. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of achievement 单元复习学案 一、单词拼写 1. It’s an honour for China’s s (科学的) research to be spread around the world. 2. Although the scientists e (遇到) various difficulties in the experiment, they never gave up. 3. When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never c (犯罪) any crime.” 4. She can draw a c (结论) from her own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. 5. Under no (情况) should you use the elevator during a fire. 6. Driven by a p for photography, she quitted her well-paid job and established a photography studio. 7. Electricity lines to 3000 homes g (逐渐) began to recover. 8. He made a silly mistake, so he (降低) his head, not daring to look up. 9. Managers tend to e the staff’s performance based on their ability to work rather than their characters. 10. Henry looked very excited. A (显然地), he knew he had won first prize in the speech contest. 11. In c (结论), all students regard him to be the most respectable teacher. 12. Numerous novels written by the distinguished n (小说家) are highly thought of by fans. 13. Dr. Yuan is universally a (承认) as “father of hybrid rice”. 14. There is no doubt that William Shakespeare is a g in the field of drama. 15. I’ll d (草拟) a letter for you. 16. It is difficult to o (获得) reliable evidence. 17. They are a precious part of our cultural heritage---it is of (至关重要的) importance that we do something. 18. The proposal to change the rules was narrowly d________ by 201 votes to 196. 19. There’re many (理论) about the origin of life. 20. She has been whole-heartedly c to environmental protection.（忠于, 承诺, 投入） 二、语法填空 21. After several months, Ryan had raised the $2,000, with a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. 22. I’m crazy about basketball, and pretty good at it too, is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. 23. (apparent), with the population exploding, the island was in chaos. 24. As is (apparent) shown in the above chart, there are about 10% students supporting the idea. 25. Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, the game was given new rules. 26. I communicated with a lawyer, point of view on the global affair was very novel. 27. She became the first black woman (elect) to the committee. 28. Kobe, contribution to basketball is difficult to exaggerate (夸大), has inspired millions of people. 29. The village is (remark) for its beautiful scenery. 30. In (conclude), I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today. 31. Tom is a (commit) member of the team. 32. With the restoration of vegetation, the desert (gradual) returned to life. 33. She was (apparent) a very nervous woman, and that affected her career. 34. We need to (analysis) our results more clearly. 35. Derek is a politician fully (commit) to the peace process. 三、单项选择 36. The teacher insisted that the student ________ a chance to further his study because of his excellence, ________ won the headmaster’s approval. A. gave; that B. giving; which C. was given; which D. be given; which 37. He got the first prize in the swimming competition, ______ pleased his parents very much. A. which B. what C. where D. when 38. Our English teacher told us to form a habit of reading every day, _______, we think, will benefit us in the long run. A. which B. that C. when D. where 39. The sharp man survived the accidental disaster ____________ his wisdom and perseverance. A. banking on B. taking on C. putting on D. insisting on 40. More than 17, 000 scientists and researchers took part in the project, 20% ____________were awarded for their remarkable accomplishments. A. of who B. of whom C. to whom D. of which 41. About 35,000 works are __________ being displayed in over 300 rooms in the Louvre. A. initially B. currently C. gradually D. precisely 42. The horses, whether resting or on the move, offered Han Gan a lot of __________. A. sponsor B. certificate C. inspiration D. property 43. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, _________ they learn simple games and songs. A. which B. that C. where D. while 44. After ten hours’ drive, we came to a green house, through ______ glass wall we saw lots of green plants. A. what B. that C. whose D. which 45. The little boys were cleaning the windows, most of __________ were dirty. A. them B. whom C. that D. which 46. ___________ in music, he was lost in a worry-free world. A. Absorbed B. Indicated C. Devoted D. Committed 47. The manager __________ meeting with the team to discuss the new project proposal. A. belonged to B. insisted on C. judged from D. figured out 48. It was at the airport _______ I met my old friend Lily, _______ mother was my English teacher when I was studying in primary school. A. that; who B. which, whose C. that; whose D. where. who 49. Annie introduced me to some of her friends, ________ had been to China several times. A. one of that B. one of which C. one of whom D. one of who 50. Zhang Qian, a very famous person in history, gave a vivid ________ of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court. A. theory B. opinion C. account D. instruction 四、阅读理解 1 Animal appear to predict earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study to find reliable evidence of the phenomenon has shown. Cameras revealed an “amazing” drop in the number of animals up to 23 days before a major quake hit their rainforest home at Yanachaga National Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, from Anglia Ruskin University, said, “The results showed that just before the earthquake, animals’ activity dropped right down.” On a normal day the cameras placed around Yanachaga National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake. Another study showed that animal activity remained normal in the park over a different period when seismic (地震的) activity was low. Co-author, professor Friedemann Freund, said, “The cameras were located at an altitude of 900 meters. If air ionization occurred, the animals would escape to the valley below, where there were fewer positive ions ( 离子). With their ability to sense their environment, animals can help us understand small changes that occur before major earthquakes.” Other evidence suggested that before the earthquake, the air around the high mountain sites filled with positive ions that can be produced when rocks are placed under stress. Positive ions have been known to cause ill effects in humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. The findings may help experts develop better short-term seismic forecasts. 51. How did scientists conduct the study? A. By comparing different animals’ habits. B. By observing animals in high mountains. C. By explaining the positive ion phenomenon. D. By analyzing images of animals they obtained. 52. What can be inferred from animal activity before earthquakes? A. The ground at a lower altitude is less ionized. B. Cameras normally record more animals per day. C. Earthquake warnings can be detected in lower places. D. The activity of animals and earthquakes is consistent. 53. What can we learn from the text? A. The findings make for accurate seismic forecast. B. Animals tend to be uneasy with more positive ions. C. Positive ions make humans and animals depressed. D. All the animals remain abnormal before the earthquake. 54. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Negative Influence of Positive Ions. B. Ions’ Destruction to the Environment. C. Animals’ Behavior Before Earthquakes. D. Creatures’ Ability to Predict Earthquakes. 2 Below is a brief description of the process involved in selecting the Nobel Prize laureates (获奖者) in physics. September-Nomination (提名) forms are sent out. The Nobel Committee sends out confidential forms to around 3,000 people-selected professors at universities around the world, Nobel Prize laureates in physics and chemistry, and members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, among others. February-Deadline for submission. The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. The Committee screens the nominations and selects the preliminary candidates. About 250-350 names are nominated as several nominators often submit the same name. March-May-Consultation with experts. The Nobel Committee sends the names of the preliminary (初步的) candidates to specially appointed experts for their assessment of the candidates’ work. Jun-August-Writing of the report. The Nobel Committee puts together the report with recommendations to be submitted to the Academy. The report is signed by all members of the Committee. September-Committee submits recommendations. The Nobel Committee submits its report with recommendations on the final candidates to the members of the Academy. The report is discussed at two meetings of the Physics Class of the Academy. October-Nobel Prize laureates are chosen. In early October, the Academy selects the Nobel Prize laureates in physics through a majority vote. The decision is final and without appeal. The names of the Nobel Laureates are then announced. December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize. The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma (证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. 55. When should nomination forms be sent back to the Nobel Committee in the following year? A. Later than March. B. Later than April. C. Earlier than February. D. Later than August. 56. Where does the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize? A. In Stockholm. B. In New York. C. In Canberra. D. In London. 57. The Nobel Prize is NOT made up of_________. A. A medal. B. A diploma. C. A document. D. A souvenir. 五、完形填空 Right after World War II, a U.S. army officer lived in Japan. That country had been destroyed by the war. Many people 58 their jobs, so they came to the officer’s door every day 59 to get employed (雇佣). One man told the officer that he could create 60 for his garden if he could give him a(n) 61 . For the first time in his life, this army officer 62 a gardener. The man spoke no English, so the officer could 63 communicate with him through body language. As the man had promised, the garden soon became the 64 in the neighborhood. One day the gardener came with an interpreter (口译员) who expressed the 65 but the pity of the gardener. “He will no longer be able to 66 your garden. He must leave.” The officer 67 his pity and thanked him through the interpreter for making him such a fine garden. Out of 68 , he asked the interpreter, “Where is he going?” The interpreter replied that the gardener was going to 69 his old job as the Professor of Horticulture (园艺学) at the University of Tokyo. The officer was greatly 70 . No wonder he 71 so much about gardening! Imagine having someone at your garden with that amount of 72 . What a beautiful garden you could have! 58. A. started B. lost C. disliked D. protected 59. A. proving B. choosing C. trying D. pretending 60. A. tools B. flowers C. conditions D. wonders 61. A. change B. chance C. excuse D. plan 62. A. recognized B. commanded C. hired D. respected 63. A. only B. even C. still D. ever 64. A. widest B. finest C. dirtiest D. cleanest 65. A. appreciation B. invitation C. enjoyment D. doubt 66. A. rely on B. check out C. think of D. care for 67. A. expressed B. forgave C. judged D. hid 68. A. habit B. pity C. politeness D. necessity 69. A. find B. continue C. achieve D. lead 70. A. worried B. frightened C. inspired D. shocked 71. A. knew B. learned C. heard D. expected 72. A. money B. love C. energy D. knowledge 六、语法填空 阅读短文，根据首字母及课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当单词的正确形式。 Yuan longping, k 73 as the “father of hybrid rice” is one of China’s most famous scientists. Yet, he considers 74 a farmer because he continually w 75 the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but s 76 body is just like that of millions of Chinese farmers to whom he has d 77 his life. Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing. His parents wanted him to p 78 a career in science or medicine. 79 , what concerned him most was that farmers had often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious s 80 of food to eat. To t 81 this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education of Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing. After graduating in 1953, he worked 82 a researcher and began to develop the first hybrid rice that could be use for farming. 参考答案 一、 1. scientific/cientific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：中国的科学研究能够传播到世界各地是一种荣誉。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用形容词scientific，作修饰research的前置定语，意为“科学研究”。故填scientific。 2. encountered/ncountered 【解析】考查动词。句意：尽管科学家在实验中遇到了各种困难，但他们从来不放弃。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用动词encounter作从句谓语动词，且从句主语为scientists，为复数，根据后文的gave可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填encountered。 3. committed/ommitted 【解析】考查动词。句意：当被带到警察局问话时，这名男子说：“我从来没有犯过罪。”根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，此处应为commit意为“犯（罪或错等）”，此空前有助动词have以及否定词never，所以该句为现在完成时的否定句，commit与主语I之间为主动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式与have never构成句子的谓语。故填committed。 4. conclusion/onclusion 【解析】考查名词。句意：她能从自己的经历中得出这样的结论:患难见真情。设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“结论”用conclusion。故填conclusion。 5. circumstances 【解析】考查名词。句意：在任何情况下，你都不应该在发生火灾时使用电梯。根据汉语提示“情况”及句子结构可知，此处应用可数名词circumstance的复数作宾语，under no circumstances“在任何情况下都不”是固定短语，零冠词可数名词表泛指。故填circumstances。 6. passion/assion 【解析】考查名词。句意：在对摄影的热爱的驱使下，她辞去了高薪工作，成立了一家摄影工作室。根据空后的for photography和句中的established a photography studio可知，她酷爱摄影，结合首字母提示，这里应用passion，作介词by的宾语，为可数名词，意为“酷爱，热衷的爱好（或活动等）”。故填passion。 7. gradually/radually 【解析】考查副词。句意：3000户家庭的电力线路逐渐恢复。根据中英文提示可知应用副词gradually，修饰动词begin。故填gradually。 8. lowered 【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：他犯了一个愚蠢的错误，所以他低下了头，不敢抬头。“降低”为动词lower，在句中作谓语，根据“He made a silly mistake”可知此句陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。故填lowered。 9. evaluate/valuate 【解析】考查动词。句意：经理们倾向于根据员工的工作能力而不是他们的性格来评估他们的表现。根据句意和提示的首字母，此处应为evaluate意为“评估”，且位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形。故填evaluate。 10. Apparently/pparently 【解析】考查副词。句意：亨利看起来很兴奋。显然，他知道他在演讲比赛中得了第一名。根据中英文提示可知应用副词apparently，修饰后文句子作状语，首字母大写。故填Apparently。 11. conclusion/onclusion 【解析】考查名词。句意：总之，所有的学生都认为他是最受尊敬的老师。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处应用名词conclusion，作介词in的宾语，in conclusion表示“总之”。故填conclusion。 12. novelist/ovelist 【解析】考查名词。句意：这位杰出的小说家所写的许多小说受到书迷的高度评价。根据句意及中英文提示可知，空处应填名词novelist“小说家”在句中作介词by的宾语。故填novelist。 13. acknowledged/cknowledged 【解析】考查动词。句意：袁博士被公认为“杂交水稻之父”。be acknowledged as被公认为……。根据首字母提示及句意，故填acknowledged。 14. genius/enius 【解析】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，威廉·莎士比亚是戏剧领域的天才。不定冠词a后接名词在句中作表语。根据首字母提示及句意，用名词genius，表示“天才”之意。故填genius。 15. draft/raft 【解析】考查动词。句意：我给你起草一封信。空前有will，空处应用动词原形。根据空后的a letter并结合汉语提示，这里应用及物动词draft。故填draft。 16. obtain/btain 【解析】考查动词。句意：很难获得可靠的证据。根据空前的不定式符号to可知，空处应用动词原形。根据中英文提示和空后的reliable evidence可知，这里应用及物动词obtain。故填obtain。 17. vital 【解析】考查形容词。句意：它们是我们的文化遗产的宝贵组成部分——我们采取行动至关重要。“至关重要的”为形容词vital作定语，修饰名词importance，故填vital。 18. defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：修改规则的提议以201票对196票险胜。根据空后by 201 votes to 196可知，提议险胜了，空处应用动词defeat，与主语The proposal之间是被动关系，动词使用过去分词形式defeated，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态，narrowly defeated表示“险胜”。故填defeated。 19. theories 【解析】考查名词。句意：关于生命的起源有很多理论。根据汉语提示“理论”可知，此处为名词theory，作主语，many后面接可数名词复数形式。故填theories。 20. committed/ommitted 【解析】考查形容词。句意：她一直全心全意地致力于环境保护。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词committed“忠于, 承诺, 投入”，作表语。故填committed。 二、 21. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：几个月后，瑞安筹集了2000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学附近建造了一口井。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the $2,000。先行词指物，在从句中作介词的宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 22. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我对篮球非常着迷，并且也很擅长它，这可能就是为什么我们在上一场比赛中输了我会如此生气的原因。空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，且在定语从句中作主语。所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 23. Apparently 【解析】考查副词。句意：显然，随着人口的激增，这个岛陷入了混乱。修饰后文句子应用副词apparently，首字母大写。故填Apparently。 24. apparently 【解析】考查副词。句意：如上图所示，大约有10%的学生支持这一观点。修饰动词，用副词形式，在句中作状语。根据句意，故填apparently。 25. where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们今天所知道的足球始于英国，在那里比赛被赋予了新的规则。根据空前主句谓语动词started及空后谓语动词was given可知，空处应为非限制性定语从句引导词，修饰先行词“Great Britain”，从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 26. whose 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我和一个律师交流了一番，他关于全球事物的观点很新颖。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a lawyer，从句中point of view与先行词为从属关系，关系词替代先行词作point of view的定语，故应用关系代词whose引导，故填whose。 27. to be elected 【解析】考查动词不定式的被动语态结构。句意：她成为第一位当选为委员会成员的黑人妇女。此处为动词不定式to do作后置定语修饰black woman，the first…to do…“第一个做……的人”为惯用表达，结合black woman和elect为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动语态结构。故填to be elected。 28. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：科比，他对篮球的贡献是难以夸大的，他激励了数百万人。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词Kobe和contribution之间是所属关系，因此空格处用表所属的whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 29. remarkable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这个村庄以其美丽的风景而闻名。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，remark的形容词形式是remarkable。故填remarkable。 30. conclusion 【解析】考查名词。句意：最后，我要感谢今天出席会议的所有人。in conclusion为固定搭配，意为“最后”。故填conclusion。 31. committed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：汤姆是这个团队的忠实成员。根据空后“member(成员)”为名词，此处应是用形容词形式，作其定语。“commit”，动词，意为“投入，承担义务”，其形容词形式为“committed(尽心尽力的，忠诚的)”。故填committed。 32. gradually 【解析】考查副词。句意：随着植被的恢复，沙漠逐渐恢复了生机。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填gradually。 33. apparently 【解析】考查副词。句意：她显然是一个非常紧张的女人，这影响了她的事业。空处修饰整个句子，应该用副词修饰。故填apparently。 34. analyse/analyze 【解析】考查动词。句意：我们需要更清楚地分析我们的结果。need to do sth.固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，设空处填动词analyse/analyze“分析”的原形。故填analyse/analyze。 35. committed 【解析】考查形容词。句意：Derek是一位完全致力于和平进程的政治家。空处应填形容词作表语，committed“尽心尽力的”，形容词，committed to“致力于……”是固定搭配。故填committed。 三、 36. D 【解析】考查虚拟语气和定语从句。句意：老师坚持要给这个学生继续深造的机会，因为他表现优异，这赢得了校长的同意。第一空insist“坚持认为”所接的宾语从句用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。且give与student为被动关系，应用be given；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为整个主句，从句缺少主语，故用which。故选D。 37. A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他在游泳比赛中得了第一名，这使他的父母非常高兴。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故选A。 38. A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们的英语老师告诉我们要养成每天阅读的习惯，我们认为从长远来看，这对我们是有益的。分析句子结构可知，we think是插入语，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的一件事，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句。故选A。 39. A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位聪明的人依靠他的智慧和毅力在意外灾难中幸存了下来。A. banking on依靠；B. taking on承担；C. putting on穿上；D. insisting on坚持。根据句意，需要一个短语来表达“依靠”或“依赖”的意思，banking on意为“依靠”，符合语境。故选A项。 40. B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：超过17,000名科学家和研究人员参与了这个项目，其中20%的人因其杰出成就而获得了奖励。设空处单词引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientists，结合空格前20%可知，该定语从句由“分数+of+which/whom”引导，先行词指人，用关系代词whom，作宾语。故选B项。 41. B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约有35000件作品正在卢浮宫的300多个房间里展出。A. initially最初；B. currently现在，当前；C. gradually逐渐地；D. precisely精确地。根据谓语动词“are being displayed”可知，这是现在正在发生的事情，用副词currently作时间状语。故选B项。 42. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些马，无论是休息的还是移动的，都给了韩干很多灵感。A. sponsor赞助商；B. certificate证明；C. inspiration灵感；D. property财产。根据前文“The horses, whether resting or on the move”可知，无论是休息的还是移动的马，应是提供灵感。故选C项。 43. C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：一些学龄前儿童去日托中心，在那里他们学习简单的游戏和歌曲。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词center在从句中作地点状语成分。故选C项。 44. C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：开车十小时后，我们来到了一所温室，透过它的玻璃墙我们看到了许多绿色的植物。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是house，关与空格后的glass wall是所属关系，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C。 45. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：小男孩们正在擦窗户，大部分都很脏。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词windows，作介词的宾语，指物，故用which。故选D。 46. A 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全神贯注于音乐，他陷入一个无忧无虑的世界里。A. Absorbed吸引；B. Indicated表明；C. Devoted奉献；D. Committed承诺。根据句中he was lost in a worry-free world可知，他全神贯注于音乐，be devoted to表示“献身于”，be committed to表示“致力于”，be absorbed in表示“全神贯注于”，去掉be动词，使用过去分词形式作状语。故选A项。 47. B 【解析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经理坚持要和团队开会讨论新的项目建议。A. belonged to属于；B. insisted on坚持；C. judged from根据……判断；D. figured out弄清楚。根据下文“discuss the new project proposal.”可知，经理坚持要和团队开会讨论新的项目建议。故选B项。 48. C 【解析】考查强调句型以及定语从句。句意：我是在机场遇见了我的老朋友莉莉，她的妈妈是我小学时的英语老师。本题考查强调句型“It is/was+被强调的部分+that…”，本句话强调地点状语“at the airport”，所以第一个空需要that。第二个空处引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Lily，且在定语从句中作定语，所以用关系代词whose引导该从句。故选C。 49. C 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：安妮把她的一些朋友介绍给我，其中一位去过中国好几次。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词her friends。先行词指人，且先行词前有one of修饰，所以空处需要关系代词whom作介词of的宾语。故选C。 50. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：张骞是历史上非常著名的人物，他为汉朝生动地描述了中亚的土地。A. theory理论；B. opinion观点，意见；C. account描述，说明；D. instruction指示，命令。结合“of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court”及常识可知，张骞出使西域，此处指为汉朝生动地描述了中亚的土地，故选C。 四、 1 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项有可靠证据的研究，动物似乎通过感应空气中的电流来预测地震。科学家通过摄像机记录下地震前后捕捉到的动物行为的变化证明了这一项研究的可靠性。 51. 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“On a normal day the cameras placed around Yanachaga National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake. (在平常的一天，放置在Yanachaga国家公园周围的摄像机记录了5到15只动物。但在地震前的23天，动物的数量下降到每天5只或更少。在地震前的七天中，有五天根本没有拍摄到任何动物)”可知，在地震前后摄像机捕捉到的动物的图像的数量是有所变化的。由此可知，科学家通过分析他们获得的动物图像进行这项研究的。故选D。 52. 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. (科学家认为，这些动物被正离子弄得感觉不舒服，导致它们避开该区域。他们被认为逃到了较低的地面，那里的空气电离程度较低。)”可知，从地震前的动物活动中可以推断出海拔较低的地面电离程度较低。故选A。 53. 细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. (科学家认为，这些动物被正离子弄得感觉不舒服，导致它们避开该区域。)”可知，我们能从文章中了解到动物往往对较多的正离子感到不安。故选B。 54. 主旨大意题。主要介绍了一项有可靠证据的研究，动物似乎通过感应空气中的电流来预测地震。科学家通过摄像机记录下地震前后捕捉到的动物行为的变化证明了这一项研究的可靠性。文章第一段讲到“Animal appear to predict earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study to find reliable evidence of the phenomenon has shown.(动物似乎可以通过感知空气中的电力来预测地震—这是第一项发现这种现象可靠证据的研究。)”可知，C项“地震前动物的行为”适合这篇文章的标题。故选C。 2 55. C 56. A 57. D 【解析】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍对诺贝尔物理学奖获得者评选过程的简要描述。 55. 细节理解题。根据February-Deadline for submission.部分“The completed nomination forms must reach the Nobel Committee no later than 31st January of the following year. (填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会。)”可知，填写好的提名表格必须在次年1月31日之前送达诺贝尔委员会，即早于二月送达诺贝尔委员会。故选C。 56. 细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“The Nobel Prize award ceremony takes place on 10 December in Stockholm, where the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize (诺贝尔奖颁奖典礼将于12月10日在斯德哥尔摩举行，诺贝尔奖获得者将在那里领取诺贝尔奖)”可知，诺贝尔奖获得者在斯德哥尔摩领取诺贝尔奖。故选A。 57. 细节理解题。根据December-Nobel Prize laureates receive their prize.部分“the Nobel Prize laureates receive their Nobel Prize, which consists of a Nobel Prize medal and diploma(证书), and a document confirming the prize amount. (诺贝尔奖获得者将获得他们的诺贝尔奖，其中包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件。)”可知，诺贝尔奖包括一枚诺贝尔奖奖章和证书，以及一份确认奖金金额的文件，没有纪念品。故选D。 五、 58. B 59. C 60. D 61. B 62. C 63. A 64. B 65. A 66. D 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. D 71. A 72. D 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了二战后一位官员雇用了一位园丁，园丁把官员的花园打理得非常好，最后园丁带着翻译来表达感谢以及辞行。官员才得知园丁原来是园艺教授。 58. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人失去了工作，所以他们每天都来到这位官员的门口，试图找到工作。A. started开始；B. lost丢失；C. disliked不喜欢；D. protected保护。根据上文“Right after World War II, a U.S. army officer lived in Japan. That country had been destroyed by the war.(第二次世界大战后，一位美国军官住在日本。那个国家被战争摧毁了)”可知，战后很多人失去了工作，故选B。 59. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人失去了工作，所以他们每天都来到这位官员的门口，试图找到工作。A. proving证明；B. choosing选择；C. trying尝试；D. pretending假装。根据后文“to get employed”可知，人们来官员门口是为了试图找到工作。故选C。 60. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个人告诉官员，如果他能给他一个机会，他可以为他的花园创造奇迹。A. tools工具；B. flowers花；C. conditions条件；D. wonders奇迹。根据后文“making him such a fine garden”园丁为官员创造了美好的花园，可知是创造奇迹，故选D。 61. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个人告诉官员，如果他能给他一个机会，他可以为他的花园创造奇迹。A. change改变；B. chance机会；C. excuse借口；D. plan计划。结合上文人们来到官员门口都是为了招工作，所以这里指给这个人一个机会。故选B。 62. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位官员平生第一次雇了一个园丁。A. recognized识别；B. commanded要求；C. hired雇用；D. respected尊重。根据后文“As the man had promised, the garden soon became the”花园成了最好的花园，可知官员雇用了园丁。故选C。 63. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这名男子不会说英语，所以警察只能通过肢体语言与他交流。A. only仅仅，只能；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. ever曾经。根据上文“The man spoke no English”可知，这名男子不会说英语，所以警察只能通过肢体语言与他交流。故选A。 64. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如那个人所承诺的，这个花园很快就变成了附近最好的花园。A. widest最宽的；B. finest最好的；C. dirtiest最脏的；D. cleanest最干净的。根据后文“making him such a fine garden”可知，那个人造出了最好的花园，故选B。 65. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，园丁带着一个翻译来了，翻译表达了对园丁的感激和怜悯。A. appreciation欣赏；B. invitation邀请；C. enjoyment娱乐；D. doubt怀疑。上文提到园丁让花园变成了最好的花园，所以是表达感激之情。故选A。 66. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他再也不能照料你的花园了。A. rely on依靠；B. check out结账离开；C. think of想起；D. care for关心，照顾。根据常识，园丁的工作是照顾花园，故选D。 67. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员表示同情，并通过翻译感谢他为他建造了这么漂亮的花园。A. expressed表达；B. forgave原谅；C. judged判断；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“his pity”指官员通过翻译向园丁表达感谢，故选A。 68. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于礼貌，他问翻译：“他要去哪里？”A. habit习惯；B. pity遗憾；C. politeness礼貌；D. necessity必需品。后文“he asked the interpreter, “Where is he going?””询问园丁的去向是出于礼貌，故选C。 69. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：翻译回答说，园丁将继续他的老工作——在东京大学担任园艺教授。A. find找到；B. continue继续；C. achieve实现；D. lead带领。根据后文“his old job as the Professor of Horticulture at the University of Tokyo”可知，园丁要回去继续他以前的工作——在东京大学担任园艺教授。故选B。 70. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：官员大为震惊。A. worried担心的；B. frightened害怕的；C. inspired受鼓舞的；D. shocked震惊的。根据后文“No wonder he _ so much about gardening!”可知官员很震惊园丁是一个教授。故选D。 71. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：难怪他对园艺懂得这么多！A. knew知道；B. learned学习；C. heard听见；D. expected期待。根据后文“so much about gardening”以及上文提到园丁其实是教授，所以是了解园艺，故选A。 72. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，在你的花园里有一个知识渊博的人。A. money钱；B. love爱；C. energy能量；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“is old job as the Professor of Horticulture at the University of Tokyo”可知，园丁实际上是园艺教授，所以是知识渊博。故选D。 六、 73. known 74. himself 75. works 76. strong 77. devoted 78. pursue 79. However 80. shortage 81. tackle 82. as 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了杂交水稻之父——袁隆平。 73. 考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平，被称为“杂交水稻之父”，是中国最著名的科学家之一。根据单词首字母及句意“被称为”以及空后的介词as，可知应填过去分词形式known，be known as意为“被称为”，此处为过去分词短语作状语。故填known。 74. 考查反身代词。句意：然而，他认为自己是一个农民，因为他不断地在土地上进行研究。结合句意可知应填反身代词形式himself，作宾语。故填himself。 75. 考查动词时态。句意：然而，他认为自己是一个农民，因为他不断地在土地上进行研究。根据单词首字母及句意“工作”可知应填动词work，分析句子结构可知work在句中作谓语，且主语为he，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时works。故填works。 76. 考查形容词。句意：的确，他瘦削而强壮的身体就像他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民的身体一样。根据单词首字母及句意“强壮的”可知应填形容词strong，作定语，修饰名词body。故填strong。 77. 考查形容词。句意：的确，他瘦削而强壮的身体就像他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民的身体一样。根据单词首字母及句意“奉献”可知应填动词devote，分析句子结构可知应填谓语动词的形式，由空前的has可知应填过去分词形式devoted。故填devoted。 78. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的父母希望他从事科学或医学方面的事业。根据单词首字母及句意“从事”可知应填动词pursue，分析句子结构可知应填非谓语动词的形式，由空前的His parents wanted him to 可知应填动词原形，不定式作宾语补足语。故填pursue。 79. 考查副词。句意：然而，他最关心的是农民经常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。结合句意可知空前后语意转折，空处位于句首，作整个句子的状语，应填副词however。故填However。 80. 考查名词。句意：然而，他最关心的是农民经常收成不好，有时甚至严重缺乏食物。根据单词首字母及句意“缺乏”，可知应填名词形式shortage，作宾语，a shortage of 意为“缺乏……”。故填shortage。 81. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了应对这一危机，他选择了农业专业，并在重庆西南农学院接受了教育。根据单词首字母及句意“应对”可知应填动词tackle，分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，由空前的不定式符号To可知应填动词原形tackle，To tackle作目的状语。故填tackle。 82. 考查介词。句意：1953年毕业后，他成为一名研究员，开始开发第一种可以用于农业的杂交水稻。结合句意可知应填介词as，work as意为“担任；以……身份工作”。故填as。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$