02 阅读理解记叙文专题-2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编

02.【原卷版】——阅读理解记叙文专题 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做】 1. （2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇） 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 3. （2023年新高考I卷高考真题B篇） 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 5. （2023年全国甲卷高考真题B篇） 6. （2023年全国乙卷高考真题B篇） 7. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 8. （2022年全国甲卷高考真题B篇） 9. （2022年全国乙卷高考真题B篇） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 细节理解题 词义猜测题 主旨大意题 推理判断题 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 2 1 1 分析近年高考真题可知，记叙文命题的顺序一般会按照文章的脉络和故事的发展顺序层层推，以写人和叙事为主，、。 记叙文从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解题、词义猜词题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、作者态度意图题，其中，细节理解题最多，其次是推理判断题 新高考II卷 3 1 2023 新高考I卷 2 2 新高考II卷 1 1 2 全国甲卷 2 1 1 全国乙卷 1 3 2022 新高考II卷 3 1 全国甲卷 2 1 1 全国乙卷 2 2 【习题精做】 1. （2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文） “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 4. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs. 5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 6. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase. 3. （2023年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 5. （2023年全国甲卷B篇记叙文） Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 4．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer. 5．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day? A．For a birthday gift. B．As a treat for her work. C．To support her DIY projects. D．To encourage her to take up a hobby. 6．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A．By making it look like before. B．By furmishing it herself. C．By splitting the rent with a roommate. D．By cancelling the rental agreement. 7．What trend in DIY does the research show? A．It is becoming more costly. B．It is getting more time-consuming. C．It is turning into a seasonal industry. D．It is gaining popularity among females. 6. （2023年全国乙卷B篇记叙文） Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their emipment. 7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 4．What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A．Provided shelter for me. B．Became very clear to me. C．Took the pressure off me. D．Worked quite well on me. 5．Why did the kid poke the storybook? A．He took it for a tablet computer. B．He disliked the colorful pictures. C．He was angry with his grandpa. D．He wanted to read it by himself. 6．What does the author think of himself? A．Socially ambitious. B．Physically attractive. C．Financially independent. D．Digitally competent. 7．What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A．He lacks experience in his job. B．He seldom appears on television. C．He manages a video department. D．He often interviews internet stars. 8. （2022年全国甲卷B篇记叙文） As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge. After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.” The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 28．Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Try challenging things. B．Take a degree. C．Bring back lost memories. D．Stick to a promise. 29．What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica? A．Lovely penguins. B．Beautiful scenery. C．A discount fare. D．A friend’s invitation. 30．What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey? A．It could be a home for her. B．It should be easily accessible. C．It should be well preserved. D．It needs to be fully introduced. 31．What is the text mainly about? A．A childhood dream. B．An unforgettable experience. C．Sailing around the world. D．Meeting animals in Antarctica. 9. （2022年全国乙卷B篇记叙文/书评） In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn. Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing. 5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub. C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships. 6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising? A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead. C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West. 7. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 02.【全文翻译和及解析版】——阅读理解记叙文专题 2022-2024年高考英语三年真题分类汇编 【内容导航】 【整体说明】 【习题精做】 1. （2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇） 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 3. （2023年新高考I卷高考真题B篇） 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 5. （2023年全国甲卷高考真题B篇） 6. （2023年全国乙卷高考真题B篇） 7. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题B篇） 8. （2022年全国甲卷高考真题B篇） 9. （2022年全国乙卷高考真题B篇） 【整体说明】 年份 卷别 细节理解题 词义猜测题 主旨大意题 推理判断题 命题趋势 2024 新高考I卷 2 1 1 分析近年高考真题可知，记叙文以写人和叙事为主，命题的顺序一般会按照文章的脉络和故事的发展顺序层层推。 记叙文从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解题、词义猜词题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、作者态度意图题，其中，细节理解题最多，其次是推理判断题 新高考II卷 3 1 2023 新高考I卷 2 2 新高考II卷 1 1 2 全国甲卷 2 1 1 全国乙卷 1 3 2022 新高考II卷 3 1 全国甲卷 2 1 1 全国乙卷 2 2 【习题精做 全文翻译和解析】 1. （2024年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文） “I am not crazy,” says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit. “I am ahead of my time.” If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he’ll have the last laugh. He’s one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians (兽医) now practicing “holistic” medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well,” he says. “I will do anything to help an animal. That’s my job.” 24. What do some of Farber’s coworkers think of him? A. He’s odd. B. He’s strict. C. He’s brave. D. He’s rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university. B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benefited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians’ work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicine. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber’s point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【译文】 “我没有疯，”威廉·法伯医生在给一只兔子做了针灸后不久说。“我走在了我的时代的前面。”如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔也会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。但法伯确信他会笑到最后。他是为数不多但越来越多的美国兽医之一，现在从事“整体”医学——将传统的西方疗法与针灸、脊椎指压疗法和草药相结合。 法伯毕业于科罗拉多州立大学，一开始是一名更传统的兽医。20年前，当他严重背痛时，他开始对替代疗法产生了兴趣。他尝试了一些可以放松肌肉的药物，但几乎没有得到什么缓解。然后他尝试了针灸，一种中国古老的疗法，他惊讶于两三次治疗后病情有所进步。对兽医有效的东西似乎很可能对他的病人有效。所以，在学习了几年的这些技术之后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。 利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷达尔说，在查理心脏病发作后，她准备让它睡觉，但法伯的治疗减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它又活了5个月。普里西拉·德因报告说，她的马尿布在经过脊椎按摩调整后，“移动更容易，骑起来也更舒适”。 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，美国整体兽医协会的会员人数会变得更受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的：自1982年以来，美国整体兽医协会的会员人数从30人增加到700多人。他说：“有时候，我很惊讶。”“我愿意做任何事来帮助一只动物。这是我的工作。” 24.法伯的一些同事是怎么看他的？ A.他很奇怪。 B.他很严格。 C.他很勇敢。 D.他很粗鲁。 25.为什么法伯决定尝试针灸治疗宠物？ A.他在大学里接受了相关的训练。 B.他受到了另一名兽医的启发。 C.作为一个病人，他从中受益。 D.他想为宠物主人攒钱。 26.第3段主要谈论什么？ A.脊椎按摩治疗的步骤。 B.兽医工作的复杂性。 C.罕见的动物疾病的例子。 D.整体医学的有效性。 27.为什么作者提到了美国整体兽医医学协会？ A.来证明法伯的观点。 B.强调它的重要性。 C.赞美兽医。 D.提倡动物保护。 【说明】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述兽医威廉·法伯(William Farber)博士在从针灸中受益后，将综合医疗应用于动物，并取得了初步成效。 【答案】 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 【解析】 24题：细节理解题。根据第一段的“If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.( 如果他看起来有点自卫，那可能是因为他的一些同事偶尔会嘲笑他不寻常的方法。) ”可知，Farber的同事们有时会嘲笑他不寻常的方法，他们认为他很奇怪。故选A。 25题：细节理解题。根据第二段的“Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.(然后，他尝试了针灸，这是一种古老的中国疗法，并惊讶地发现，经过两三次治疗，他的病情有所好转。对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。因此，在研究了这些技术几年后，他开始把它们提供给宠物。)”可知，Farber作为患者从针灸中受益，这促使他决定尝试在宠物上使用针灸。故选C。 26题：主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Leigh Tindale’s dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber’s treatments eased her dog’s suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy, “moves more easily and rides more comfortably” after a chiropractic adjustment.(利·廷代尔的狗查理患有严重的心脏病。廷代尔说，查理心脏病发作后，她准备让他进入睡眠状态，但法伯的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦，她能够让它多活五个月。普里西拉·杜因(Priscilla Dewing)报告说，她的马纳皮(Nappy)经过脊椎按摩调整后，“行动更容易，乘车更舒服”。) ”可知，本段主要讲述了两个例子，一个是Farber通过整体医学方法帮助了患有严重心脏病的狗Charlie，另一个是马Nappy在接受脊椎按摩治疗后移动和骑行更为舒适。这些例子都是为了说明整体医学的有效性。故选D。 27题：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. ( 法伯确信，随着时间的推移，综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何迹象的话，他可能是对的:自1982年以来，美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个。)”可知，法伯认为综合疗法会越来越受欢迎，随后作者列举了美国综合兽医协会的会员已经从30个增加到700多个的例子，因此推断美国整体兽医协会是为证明法伯的观点。故选A。 2. （2024年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 4. Why did BART start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture. B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers’ needs. D. To reduce its running costs. 5. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 6. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customers. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 7. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide. D. Its ridership will increase. 【译文】 你到火车站有没有发现自己忘了带东西去读？是的，我们都有手机，但我们中的许多人仍然喜欢去老学校，读一些打印出来的东西。 嗯，这里有一个电话售货亭（小亭）。至少在旧金山湾区是这样的。 “你进入收费门（检票口），你会看到一个被点亮的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到1分钟、3分钟或5分钟的故事，”旧金山湾区快速运输公司的首席通讯官艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说。“你选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个像收据一样的短篇故事。” 就这么简单。自去年3月该项目启动以来，骑手们已经印刷了近2万篇短篇小说和诗歌。有些是经典的短篇小说，有些是新的原创作品。 特罗斯特还想向当地的作家介绍给当地的骑手。特罗斯特说：“我们想做一件事情，号召湾区的艺术家们为一场比赛提交故事。”“到目前为止，我们已经收到了大约120份意见书。获奖的故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你就会成为一个出版的艺术家。” 在过去的半个世纪里，全国各地的交通（交通）系统的客流量一直在下降，所以短篇故事能拯救交通吗？ 特罗斯特是这么认为的。 “最终，所有的运输机构都在尽其所能改善骑手的体验。所以我绝对认为，仅仅因为短篇故事，我们就会有更多的骑手。” 你永远不会没有东西可读。 4.为什么BART启动了电话亭程序？ A.来促进当地的文化。 B.阻止电话使用。 C.满足乘客的需求。 D.以降低其运行成本。 5.这个报亭里的故事是如何分类的？ A.受欢迎程度。 B.按长度。 C.按主题。 D.通过语言。 6.Trost最近在做什么？ A.组织一场故事比赛。 B.对客户进行调查。 C.选择打印出版商。 D.对艺术家进行采访。 7.特罗斯特对巴特的未来有什么看法？ A.它将关闭。 B.它的利润将会下降。 C.它将在全国范围内扩张。 D.它的客流量将会增加。 【说明】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 4题：推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 5题：细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 6题：细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的信息亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入售货亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 7题：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 3. （2023年新高考I卷高考真题B篇记叙文） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 4. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 5. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 6. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John’s research plans. B. To show an application of John’s idea. C. To compare John’s different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John’s invention. 7. What is the basis for John’s work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【译文】 当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索他的房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条小溪流在流过植物和沿着微小生物生活的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。当他长大后，约翰开始怀疑这个过程是否可以用来清理人们正在制造的混乱。 在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰回到观察自然并提出问题。为什么某些植物会捕获有害细菌（细菌）？哪些鱼可以吃致癌的化学物质？他认为，有了动物和植物的正确结合，也许他可以像自然一样清理垃圾。他决定建造一种后来被他称为生态机器的机器。 约翰为自己设定的任务是清除一些污泥中的有害物质。首先，他建造了一系列相互连接的透明玻璃纤维储罐。然后，他四处来到当地的池塘和小溪里，带回了一些动植物。他把它们放在坦克里，等待着。渐渐地，这些不同种类的生活相互适应，形成了自己的生态系统。几周后，约翰又加了一些污泥。 他对这个结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的植物和动物把污泥作为食物，并开始吃它！几个星期之内，它都被消化掉了，只剩下纯水了。 多年来，约翰做了许多大的工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理南伯灵顿1600个家庭的污水。他还在中国东南部的一个城市福州设计了一种清洁运河水的生态机器。 “生态设计”是约翰对他所做的事情的称呼。“地球上的生命对发明者来说就像一盒备件，”他说。“你把生物体建立新的关系，观察正在发生的事情。然后你让这些新系统开发出自己的自我修复方式。” 4.我们能从前两段了解到什么？ A.他喜欢旅行。 B.他喜欢独自一人。 C.他心里很好奇。 D.他渴望成为一名医生。 5.约翰为什么要把污泥放进水箱里？ A.喂动物。 B.建立一个生态系统。 C.保护植物。 D.测试生态机器。 6.作者提到福州的目的是什么？ A.来回顾一下约翰的研究计划。 B.来展示约翰的想法的应用。 C.来比较一下约翰的不同工作。 D.来消除人们对约翰的发明的怀疑。 7.约翰工作的基础是什么？ A.大自然可以自我修复。 B.生物体需要水才能生存。 C.地球上的生命是多样化的。 D.大多数微小的生物都成群地生活着。 【说明】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 4题：细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A ditry stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 5题：细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。故选D。 6题：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 7题：推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 4. （2023年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 4. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 5. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids’ parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 6. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 【译文】 翻土、除草、收割卷心菜、对初中和高中的孩子来说，听起来像是一项艰苦的工作。艾比·贾拉米略说，起初是这样，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校开办了“城市泉”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生发展科学技能、环境意识和健康的生活方式。 贾拉米洛的学生们住在那些不易找到新鲜食物和绿地的社区，而且快餐店的数量也超过了杂货店。她说：“孩子们总是带着一袋袋的零食和大瓶的软饮料来学校。”“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，被泥土排斥，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。 在两所中学和两所高中，城市豆芽的课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花卉和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干的农产品，以及在花园里工作。学生们一年有几次烹饪他们种植的蔬菜，偶尔也会为整个学校做沙拉。 项目评估显示，由于上课，孩子们吃更多的蔬菜。贾拉米洛说：“我们有学生说，他们回家和父母交谈，现在他们的饮食已经不一样了。” 她补充说，该项的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，以至于他们把种子带回家，开始了他们自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对贾拉米洛的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们到外面，”她说，“感觉很成功。” 4.我们对艾比·贾拉米略了解多少？ A.她曾经是一名卫生工作者。 B.她在一个低收入家庭长大。 C.她拥有一家快餐店。 D.她是城市温泉运动的发起者。 5.贾拉米洛在项目开始时面临着什么问题？ A.孩子们的父母不信任她。 B.学生们几乎没有时间给她上课。 C.有些孩子不喜欢园艺工作。 D.学校里没有放花园的空间。 6.以下哪一项最能描述该计划的影响？ A.深远的。 B.可预测。 C.短暂的。 D.无法识别。 7.适合文本的标题？ A.拯救学校花园 B.体验乡村生活 C.种植蔬菜爱好者 D.改变当地景观 【说明】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生通过体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 4题：细节理解题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是Urban Sprouts的发起者。故选D。 5题：推理判断题。根据第二段的“she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。 6题：推理判断题。根据最后一段“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。 7题：主旨大意题。根据第一段的“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“Urban Sprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Abby Jaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的Urban Sprouts花园项目，让学生体验乡村生活，对学生影响深远。因此推断B项“体验乡村生活”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选B。 5. （2023年全国甲卷B篇记叙文） Terri Boltonis a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures. So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £ 823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 4．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer. 5．Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £ 5 a day? A．For a birthday gift. B．As a treat for her work. C．To support her DIY projects. D．To encourage her to take up a hobby. 6．How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A．By making it look like before. B．By furmishing it herself. C．By splitting the rent with a roommate. D．By cancelling the rental agreement. 7．What trend in DIY does the research show? A．It is becoming more costly. B．It is getting more time-consuming. C．It is turning into a seasonal industry. D．It is gaining popularity among females. 【译文】 关于自己动手（自己动手），她是一个灵巧的人。她擅长摆架子和拼凑家具，她从不付钱给别人来做她自己能做的工作。 她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建筑商德里克·劳埃德。从6岁开始，现年26岁的特里就在学校假期陪德里克去上班。一天的工作可以得到5英镑的零花钱。她说：“我敢肯定，我在粉刷房间和铺设整个房子的地板方面并没有多大帮助。这花了几周时间，是一个艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲。” 特里现在和朋友在伦敦西南部的旺兹沃斯租了房子，她说，DIY也可以了她在租赁（租期）结束时失去任何押金。她补充道：“我搬过很多次房子，我总是喜欢个性化我的房间，并上传照片。所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖洞和重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的。” 在未来几周内，可能会有数百万人开始从事DIY项目，新的研究显示，超过一半的人计划充分利用漫长而温暖的夏日来完成工作。每个项目的平均花费约为823英镑。三分之二的人希望提高他们在家里的舒适度。五分之二的人希望增加他们的房子的价值。尽管DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究显示，现在是女性主导的。 4.哪个意思最接近第1段中的“一只轻轻的手”？ A.一个艺术家。 B.一个赢家。 C. 专家。 D. 一个先驱。 5.为什么特里的祖父每天给她5英镑？ A.作为生日礼物。 B.作为对她工作的一种享受。 C. 来支持她的DIY项目。 D. 来鼓励她养成一种业余爱好。 6.特里是如何避免失去她租的房子的押金呢？ A.通过让它看起来像以前一样。 B.自己把它弄脏了。 C. 通过和一个室友分摊房租。 D. 通过取消租赁协议。 7.研究表明，DIY的趋势是什么？ A.它正变得越来越昂贵。 B.它变得越来越耗时。 C. 它正在演变成一个季节性的产业。 D. 它在女性中越来越受欢迎。 【说明】 本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位DIY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。 【答案】4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 【解析】 4． 词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. (她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DIY高手。C项“A specialist (一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C。 5． 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £ 5 in pocket money. (她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班。一天的工作得到了5英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is was backbreaking work, but I know he was proud of my skills. (这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri的祖父每天给她5英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选B。 6． 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out. (所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。 7．细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge (研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选D。 6. （2023年全国乙卷B篇记叙文） Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation. Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment. One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset. However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. 4. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest? A. By teaming up with other photographers. B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks. C. By studying the geographical conditions. D. By creating settings in the corn fields. 5. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author? A. Proper time management. B. Good shooting techniques. C. Adventurous spirit. D. Distinctive styles. 6. What can we infer from the author trip with friends to Devil’s Lake? A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock. B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset. C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected. D. They had problems with their emipment. 7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake? A. Amusing. B. Satisfying. C. Encouraging. D. Comforting. 【译文】 住在爱荷华州，试图成为一名专攻风景的摄影师是一个相当大的挑战，主要是因为玉米州缺乏地理差异。 尽管中西部的景观往往非常相似，无论是农田还是高速公路，有时我会在丘陵或湖泊中发现独特的特征。为了拍摄一些风景照片，我花了4个小时的路程，在10分钟内拍摄。我倾向于和我的几个朋友一起去国家公园或乡村旅行，一路上去冒险和拍照。 在任何风格的摄影中，在正确的时间出现在正确的地点都是决定性的。我经常提前离开去寻找正确的目的地，这样我就可以提前设置好，以避免错过我试图拍照的时刻。我错过了很多美丽的日落/日出，因为在最好的时刻前五分钟。 有一次，我和朋友们开了三个小时的车去威斯康星州的魔鬼湖，爬上湖周围的紫色石英（石英）岩石。在我们发现了一条悬挂在一堆岩石上的看起来很疯狂的道路后，我们决定在日落时拍摄这个场景。这个位置使我们能够在日落的背景下俯瞰湖面。我们设法离开了这个地方，爬得更高，因为我们有业余时间，直到日落。然而，我们没有标记路线（路线），所以我们几乎完全错过了日落。一旦我们找到了这个地方，在有限的时间内安装灯和相机就会很有压力。不过，回顾这些照片，它们是我最好的照片，尽管如果我能够准备好并明智地管理我的时间，它们可能会更好。 4.作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者如何应对挑战？ A.通过与其他摄影师的合作。 B.通过在乡村或州立公园拍摄。 C.通过研究地理条件。 D.通过在玉米地里创建设置。 5.作者认为，风景摄影取得成功的关键是什么？ A.适当的时间管理。 B.良好的射击技术。 C.冒险精神。 D.独特的风格。 6.我们能从作者和朋友一起去魔鬼湖的旅行中推断出什么呢？ A.他们被紫色的石英石搞疯了。 B.他们在等待日落的时候感到很有压力。 C.他们比预期的要晚地到达了射击地点。 D.他们的设备有问题。 7.作者是如何找到他在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片的？ A.有趣的。 B.满意。 C.鼓励。 D.舒适。 【说明】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师，在摄影途中发生的一些所见所闻。 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 4题：细节理解题。通过文章第二段“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (我倾向于和几个朋友一起去州立公园或乡村探险，沿途拍照)”可知，作为一名中西部的风景摄影师，作者应对挑战的方式是去乡村或州立公园拍摄。故选B。 5题：推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为，风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。故选A。 6题：推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. (然而，我们没有标出路线，所以我们几乎完全错过了日落)”可推知，作者在与朋友的魔鬼湖之旅中，到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。故选C。 7题：推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely. (尽管如此，回顾这些照片，它们仍然是我最好的一些照片，尽管如果我能明智地准备和管理我的时间，它们本可以拍得更好)”可推知，作者认为自己在魔鬼湖拍摄的照片是令人满意的。故选B。 7. （2022年新高考II卷高考真题B篇记叙文） We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal. This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age. Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures. As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger. What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid? Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that. Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province. Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet. 4．What do the underlined words “hit home for me” mean in paragraph 2? A．Provided shelter for me. B．Became very clear to me. C．Took the pressure off me. D．Worked quite well on me. 5．Why did the kid poke the storybook? A．He took it for a tablet computer. B．He disliked the colorful pictures. C．He was angry with his grandpa. D．He wanted to read it by himself. 6．What does the author think of himself? A．Socially ambitious. B．Physically attractive. C．Financially independent. D．Digitally competent. 7．What can we learn about the author as a journalist? A．He lacks experience in his job. B．He seldom appears on television. C．He manages a video department. D．He often interviews internet stars. 【译文】 我们这些记者生活在一个讲故事的新时代，他们有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到这是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。 当我和我两岁的孙子坐在沙发上过春节度假时，我感到很高兴。我带了一本儿童读物来读。它有简单的文字和丰富多彩的图片——非常适合他的年龄。 想象一下：我的孙子坐在我的腿上，我把书放在前面，这样他就可以看到照片了。当我读的时候，他伸出手指戳（戳）。 怎么回事？他只是喜欢这些照片，我想。然后我翻过了那一页，继续说下去。他更用力地戳了戳那一页。我差点把书掉了。我很困惑：这个孩子有什么问题吗？ 然后我意识到发生了什么。他实际上对书不陌生。他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗乐男孩，电脑上装着彩色照片，你戳它们就会生动起来。他认为我的故事书就是这样的。 对不起，孩子。这本书不是你的高科技世界的一部分。这是一种过时的，没有生命的东西。一个古董，就像你的祖父一样。好吧，我可能已经老了，但在数字方面，我并没有遇到无望的挑战。我编辑视频和制作音频。我使用移动支付。我甚至还建立了网站。 然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少花时间在相机前，因为我有一个为收音机做的脸。但这并没有阻止《中国日报》上周请我分享一个关于北京、天津和河北整合的视频项目的个人故事。 不管怎样，爷爷现在是一个网络明星——两分钟的成名了！我保证不让它进入我的脑海。但我会确保我两岁的孙子能在他的平板电脑上看到它。 4.第2段中带下划线的单词“让我回家”是什么意思？ A.为我提供庇护所。 B.这对我来说已经变得很清楚了。 C. 减轻了我的压力。 D. 对我的治疗效果很好。 5.这孩子为什么要戳这个故事书？ A.他把它当成了一台平板电脑。 B.他不喜欢那些色彩鲜艳的画。 C. 他还生了他爷爷的气。 D. 他想自己去读。 6.作者觉得自己怎么样？ A.社会雄心勃勃。 B. 身体上的吸引力。 C. 财务独立。 D. 数字能力。 7.作为一名记者，我们能了解些什么？ A.他缺乏工作经验。 B.他很少出现在电视上。 C. 他管理着一个视频部门。 D. 他经常采访网络明星。 【说明】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经是一名记者，在春节期间，作者给孙子拿了一本儿童读物，孙子却以为是平板电脑，不停地戳书。 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 【解析】 4.词句猜测题。根据第一段“We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.”以及画线词后文“as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday.”可知，作者是记者，生活在一个讲故事的新时代，有许多新的多媒体工具。许多年轻人甚至没有意识到它是新的。对他们来说，这很正常。而这在春节假期，作者和两岁的孙子坐在沙发上，尤其清楚认识到了这一点。故画线词意思是“我很清楚”。故选B。 5.细节理解题。根据第五段中“He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.(事实上，他对书本并不熟悉。他的父亲经常用一台装有彩色图片的平板电脑逗他开心，当你戳它们的时候，这些图片就会变得栩栩如生。他认为我的故事书就是那样的)”可知，那孩子戳故事书是因为他把它当成了平板电脑。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites. (我可能老了，但从数字角度来说，我还没有毫无希望的挑战。我编辑视频，制作音频。我用移动支付。我甚至建立了网站)”可知，作者认为自己懂数码技术。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio.(然而，在我的新媒体体验中有一个明显的差距：我很少在镜头前呆着，因为我的脸是为电台而生的)”可知，作者作为记者他很少上电视。故选B。 8. （2022年全国甲卷） As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins (企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her career (职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further. When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to take the plunge. After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided I wanted to go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says. “I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it was making underwater.” The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. 28．Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2? A．Try challenging things. B．Take a degree. C．Bring back lost memories. D．Stick to a promise. 29．What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica? A．Lovely penguins. B．Beautiful scenery. C．A discount fare. D．A friend’s invitation. 30．What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey? A．It could be a home for her. B．It should be easily accessible. C．It should be well preserved. D．It needs to be fully introduced. 31．What is the text mainly about? A．A childhood dream. B．An unforgettable experience. C．Sailing around the world. D．Meeting animals in Antarctica. 【译文】 当金尼·巴兹林顿到达南极洲时，她发现自己受到了一群渴望打招呼的小小企鹅（企鹅）的欢迎。这些温柔、可爱的看门人欢迎她，并开始了金尼永远不会忘记的旅行。 现年71岁的金尼从童年时代起就一直热爱旅行。在她的职业生涯中（职业）作为一名职业舞者，她在英国巡回演出，但总是渴望进一步探索。当她不再跳舞时，她的儿子们最终飞上了鸟巢，她决定是时候冒险一下了。 在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，金尼开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。正是在智利，她发现她可以在最后一刻购买来自南美洲大陆最南端的火南岛的廉价船只。“我只是决定要去了，”她说。“我不知道我能在那里找到什么，我也不紧张，我只是想这么做。”我想独自去做，因为我一直更喜欢这样。” 2008年3月，金尼登上了一艘载有48名她以前从未见过的乘客的船，开始了前往南极洲的旅程。“从观赏野生动物到目睹日出，整个经历都是惊人的。”南极洲给我留下的印象是其他地方没有的。”“我记得我第一次看到座头鲸；它就像史前生物一样从水面上冒出来，我以为它在对我们微笑。你现在还能听到它在水下发出的歌剧般的声音。” 意识到这是一块珍贵的土地，值得人类尊重，这是金尼认为最重要的事情之一。 28.下面哪一个最好地解释了第2段中强调的“冒险”？ A.尝试挑战的事情。 B.获得学位。 C. 带回失去的记忆。 D. 坚持承诺。 29.是什么让金尼决定去南极洲旅行？ A. 可爱的企鹅。 B.美丽的风景。 C. 折扣票价。 D. 朋友的邀请。 30.金尼在旅行结束后觉得南极洲怎么样？ A.这可能是她的一个家。 B.它应该很容易获得。 C. 它应该保存完好。 D. 它需要被充分地介绍出来。 31.这篇文章主要是关于什么的？ A.童年的梦想。 B.难忘的经历。 C. 环游世界。 D. 在南极洲遇见动物。 【说明】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了71岁的Ginni Bazlinton从小就对旅行有着深深的热爱，渴望探险，不再跳舞和孩子们成家立业之后，她开始周游世界，并在2008年开始了前往南极洲的旅程。 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．C 31．B 【解析】 28． 词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句“After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile.(在奇切斯特大学获得相关艺术学位后，Ginni开始周游世界，最终在日本和智利找到了教英语的工作。)”可知，此处是指做有挑战性的事情，所以take the plunge意为“尝试有挑战性的事情”。故选A。 29． 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tiera del Fuego. (正是在智利，她发现自己可以在最后一刻买到从火地岛附近岛屿前往南极洲的廉价船票)”可知，是折扣的票价让Ginni决定去南极洲旅行的。故选C。 30． 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni. (意识到这是一块宝贵的土地，应该受到人类的尊重，这是Ginni最深刻的感受之一)”可知，旅行结束后，Ginni认为南极洲应该得到很好的保护。故选C。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Ginni Bazlinton去南极旅行的经历，再根据第一段“These gentle lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget. (这些温柔可爱的看门人欢迎了她，并开始了一次Ginni永远不会忘记的旅行)”和倒数第二段Ginni Bazlinton对南极之旅的评价可知，文章主要介绍了Ginni Bazlinton的南极洲之旅让她非常难忘。由此可知，An unforgettable experience. (一次难忘的经历) 能够概括文章主旨。故选B。 9. （2022年全国乙卷B篇记叙文/书评） In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter. Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken. They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice. In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn. Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing. 5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3? A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub. C They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships. 6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising? A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead. C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West. 7. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry. 【译文】 1916年，两个富裕家庭的女孩，来自纽约奥本的最好的朋友——多萝西·伍德拉夫和罗莎蒙德·安德伍德——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间教室的学校里教书。女孩们上的是史密斯学院。他们穿昂贵的衣服。所以，他们搬到科罗拉多州的埃尔克海德，指导用绳子绑在一起的孩子们，这是一个惊喜。他们在埃尔克海德的逗留是《无畏的东西：对西方两个社会女孩的意外教育》的主题，她是多萝西·伍德拉夫的孙女。 他们为什么要去？他们想做一些有用的事情。然而，他们很快就意识到了自己所承担的一切。 他们搬到当地的哈里森一家住，和他们一样，他们很少有隐私，难得洗澡，被子上有一层雪。有些早晨，罗莎蒙德和多萝西会来到校舍，发现孩子们在寒冷中哭泣。在春天，雪被冰上的泥所取代。 在威肯登的书中，她扩展了西方的历史和女权主义，这当然影响了女孩们去埃尔克海德的决定。一个令人毛骨悚然的部分涉及铁路的建设，这需要（牵涉）在落基山脉钻探，经常在令人眩的暴风雪中。书以罗莎蒙德和多萝西回到奥本庄园的故事结尾。 威肯登是一个非常会讲故事的人。土地的横扫和人们的禁欲主义（坚忍）使她转向了一些美丽的作品。这是多萝西·伍德拉夫骑着马从山顶向下看的照片：“当太阳滑到山后时，山的周围散发出玫瑰色的光芒。然后，一轮满月升起了。雪上只有小动物：狐狸、郊狼、老鼠和不同的野兔，它们在冬天会变白。” 4.为什么多萝西和罗莎蒙德要去落基山脉？ A.在学校教书。 B.研究美国历史。 C.写一本书。 D.去观光。 5.我们能从第三段中了解到关于这些女孩的什么呢？ A.他们非常尊重。 B.他们有一个带浴缸的房间。 C.他们和当地的孩子们住在一起。 D.他们遭受了严重的困难。 6.威肯登的作品中有哪一部分令人毛骨悚然？ A.奥本市的极端气候。 B.麋鹿头鹿的生活条件。 C.落基山脉的铁路建筑。 D.西方的自然美景。 7.文字是什么？ A.新闻报道。 B.书评。 C.一个儿童的故事。 D.日记条目。 【说明】 【导语】这是一篇书评。本文简要介绍了Dorothy Wickenden的书籍并对其进行了评价。 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 【解析】 4题：细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.-Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood -traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. (1916年，来自纽约奥本市的两个富裕家庭的女孩——Dorothy Woodruff和Rosamond Underwood——来到落基山脉的一个定居点，在一间只有一个房间的学校教书。)”可知，Dorothy和Rosamond去落基山脉是为了去学校里教书。故选A项。 5题：推理判断题。根据第三段“They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning.(他们和一个当地家庭，哈里森一家一起搬进去，和他们一样，几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡，早上醒来时被子上覆盖着一层雪。)”以及“In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.(在春天，雪被泥替代覆盖在冰上。)”可知，女孩们的生活条件非常艰苦，她们饱受磨难。故选D项。 6题：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms.(令人毛骨悚然的一段与铁路建设有关，这涉及到在令人眩目的暴风雪中钻穿落基山脉。)”可知，Wickenden的作品中涉及落基山脉的铁路建设这一部分是令人毛骨悚然的。故选C项。 7题：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.(这本书以Rosamond和Dorothy回到奥本结束。)”以及最后一段“Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism of the people move her to some beautiful writing.( Wickenden是个很好的讲故事的人。大地的辽阔和人们的坚忍使她创作出了一些美丽的作品。)”可知，本文简要介绍了Wickenden的书籍内容，并对其进行了评价，所以文本是一篇书评。故选B项。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$