Unit 1 Teenage Life Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Teenage Life Back to School Unit 1 Discovering Useful Structures Part 01 Warm up Look at the following sentences and tell what categories the underlined phrases belong to. 1. Being a freshman at senior high school is a really big challenge. 2. It is a little confusing to choose a suitable course. He has to think very carefully and ask the school adviser for help. 3. As to extracurricular activities, he didn't play football well enough, but he won't quit and he will find a way to improve so that he can make the team. 4. He has to study much harder and be responsible for a lot more. He is a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in his advanced course. 短语或词组(Phrases) 是具有一定意义，但不构成句子或从句的一组词。 形容词短语 名词短语 副词短语 形容词短语 名词短语 副词短语 名词短语 副词短语 形容词短语 名词短语 名词短语 3 名词短语 （Noun Phrase） 形容词短语（Adjective Phrase） 副词短语（Adverb Phrase） Part 02 Phrase 5 (Noun Phrase 简称NP) 定义： 名词短语是以名词为中心，与其他名词并列或与修饰语一起构成的名词性短语。在句中可以作主语、宾语表语或宾补等。 位置关系： 一是放在被修饰的名词前面，叫做前置定语 二是放在被修饰的名词后面，叫做后置定语。 名词短语 6 名词短语的构成 1.成双成对的名词短语 aches and pains 痛苦 heart and soul 心灵 day and night 昼夜 bow and arrow弓和箭 bread and butter 面包和黄油 friend and foe 朋友和敌人 fun and pleasure 娱乐 husband and wife 夫妻 heaven and earth 天地 horse and cart 马车 house and home 家居 ladies and gentlemen 女士与先生knife and pork 刀叉 sea and land 海陆 man and woman男女 officers and soldiers 官兵 odds and ends 零碎;小玩意 profit and loss 盈亏 pros and cons 正反两面 rules and regulations 规章制度 sports and games 运动与游戏 stuff and nonsense 胡说八道 thunder and lightning 雷电 time and tide 岁月 vice and virtue 罪恶与美德 名词短语的构成 2.n.+ n. the school football team 校足球队 children education 儿童教育 the bus stop 公共汽车站 3.所有格+n. John’s car 约翰的汽车老 a girls’ school 一所女子学校 five minutes’ walk 步行5分钟的路程 a stone’s throw一箭之遥 4.量概念名词 +of + n. a piece of news 一条消息 two cups of coffee 两杯咖啡 three kinds of cars 三种汽车 5. n. + and + n. the desk and the chair 桌子和椅子 teachers and students 老师和学生 名词短语的构成 6. adj. + n./n.+ adj. extra-curricular activities 课外活动 homeless people 无家可归的人们 a basket full of vegetables 一只装满蔬菜的篮子 people present at the meeting 出席会议者 7.n. + to do much work to do 许多要做的工作 the meeting to be held tomorrow 明天要召开的会议 8. v. -ing + n./n.+ v. -ing the sitting room 起居室 the sleeping boy 正在睡觉的男孩 the swimming pool 游泳池 students reading in the classroom 在教室里读书的学生们 名词短语的构成 9.-ed+n./n.+以-ed fallen leaves 落叶 polluted water 被污染了的水 photos taken by Mike 迈克拍的照片 the decision made 做出的决定 10.n+介词短语 a solution to the question 该问题的解决办法 the main purpose of the course该课程的主要目的 safety for all the students 所有学生的安全 news about the accident 关于事故的消息 11.限定词 +n. an English book 一本英语书 all the homework 所有的家庭作业 my schedule 我的时间表 those good methods 那此好办法 名词短语可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或宾补等。 The handsome young man is Jim's brother. 那个英俊的年轻人是吉姆的弟弟。 (作主语) I learn that you're coming to visit one of your Chinese friends. 我知道你要来拜访你的一个中国朋友。 (作宾语) Tom is our group leader. 汤姆是我们的组长。 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍,聪明的孩子也变傻。(谚语) (作宾补) (作表语) (Adjective Phrase 简称 AdjP) 定义： 形容词短语是以形容词为中心，与其他形容词并列或与修饰语一起构成的形容词性短语。在句中可以作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。 1.成双成对的形容词短语: ancient and modern 古今, black and white 黑白相间的, fair and square 公正, far and near 到处,四面八方, free and easy轻松自在, good or ill 好歹(善恶), great and small 大小， heavy and light 轻重, long and short 长 短, male and female男的和女的 sweet and sour 酸甜的, past and present 过去与现在的, true or false 对或错, 12 形容词短语的构成 large and beautiful 大而美的 small but practical小但实用的 2. adj.+ and/but/or + adj. 3.程度副词 +adj. very handsome 非常帅的 quite long相当长的 so good 如此好的 much surprised 很惊讶的 a little shy有点儿害羞的extremely cold 极其寒冷的 really hard确实困难的 4.adi.+介词短语 full of water 盛满了水 similar to this word 与这个单词相似 different from my idea 与我的看法不同 good at maths 擅长数学 5.adj.+不定式 anxious to know the answer 急于知道答案 delighted to do this 高兴做此事 形容词短语在句中可以作定语、表语、宾补和状语等。 Li Ming is a high school student always ready to help others. 李明是个高中生,总是乐于助人。 (作定语) China is rich in natural resources. 中国自然资源丰富。 (作表语) After the war , the soldiers returned home, safe and sound. 战争结束后，那些士兵安然无恙地回到了家 We found them tired and sleepy. 我们发现他们又累又困。 (作状语) (作表语) (表示原因时间、伴随方式或结果等，表伴随或方式时常置于句末) (Adverb Phrase，简称 AdvP) 定义： 副词短语是以副词为中心,与其他副词并列或与修饰语一起构成的副词性短语。副词短语可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词短语等;在句中主要作状语,表示程度、方式、时间、频度、地点等意义。还可作表语、定语、宾补等。 15 副词短语的构成 1.成双成对的副词短语: far and away 远为，大大地, first and foremost 首先, first and last 从各方面看;完全地, forward and backward 前后, in and out 时常出入, whole and all 全体, more or less 或多或少, Out and away 出走, sooner and later 早晚, then and there 当时当地， to and from 来回地 back and forth 反复来, off and on 不时地，有时, up and down 上下波动,起伏, high and low 到处 副词短语的构成 4.adv.+介词短语 deep into the night 直到深夜ahead of time 提前 faraway from the city 远离城市 5.其他固定的副词短语 just now 刚才; right then 就在那时; right away 立刻; right now 现在,马上; ever before 以前,以往; ever since 从那时起; first of all 首先; last but not least 最后但同样重要的; more importantly 更重要的是 几乎所有的程度副词都可以用来修饰副词,构成“副词短语” very 很，非常; quite 非常; rather 相当; so 如此; too 太; absolutely 完全地; definitely 肯定地; almost 几乎; nearly几乎; enough 充足地; entirely 完全地; completely 彻底地; totally 完全地; fully 完全地; extremely 极其; fairly相当; greatly 很; little 少许,一点; much 很; pretty 非常; really 很,等等。 enough 修饰副词要后置。 如:luckily enough 足够幸运地，carefully enough 足够仔细地。 另外，部分“频度副词”和“时间副词”也可以用来修饰副词,构成“副词短语”。如: always happily 总是快乐地，seldom late 很少迟到,still nervously 仍然紧张地。 Part 03 Practice 1.John graduated from junior high school, and now he is a senior high school student. 2. My partner is a nice guy and we take part in all kinds of extra-curricular activities together. 3. He prefers doing experiments very much to listening to lectures. 4. The company organised a formal debate to discuss the next year's goals and strategies. Find and mark NP, AdjP and AdvP in the sentences. 名词短语，作表语 副词短语，作状语 名词短语，作宾语 名词短语，作宾语 5.Although you have applied for registration , you are not the man suitable for the designing job. 6.These volunteers are teenagers from junior high school and senior high school. 7. Obviously, the freshmen are curious about everything on campus. 8. We feel very confident in the face of adventures and challenges. 形容词短语，作定语 Find and mark NP, AdjP and AdvP in the sentences. 名词短语，作表语 形容词短语，作表语 形容词短语，作表语 9. Before you sign up for advanced classes, you should first of all register your information. 10. This confusing question made me so confused that I couldn't concentrate on my study. 11. At last, experts recommended us a simple life style. 12. There is a generation gap between teenagers and adults, so they should often exchange and revise their views. 13. Actually , he has an outgoing personality and is anxious to make a good impression on others. 形容词短语,作表语 副词短语，作状语 形容词短语，作宾补 名词短语，作直接宾语 名词短语,作主语 14.I often see some teenagers clean up the greenhouse. It's good behaviour. 15. The topic or title of his article is “The difference between Eastern and Western literature”. 16. I'm looking forward to speaking English quite fluently as soon as possible. 17.The youth is attracted to classical literature, even addicted to it, so he focuses on the study of classical literature. 18. The chief editor of the newspaper is responsible for editing the whole newspaper. 名词短语，作表语 副词短语，作状语 名词短语，作主语 名词短语，作宾语 形容词短语，作表语 19. According to the schedule, he is going to quit his position as manager of the team. 20. The chief editor said it was everyone's responsibility to find a solution. 21. With the advance of science and technology, our life has been greatly improved. 22. Ballet is beautiful, but its content is sometimes difficult to understand. 名词短语，作宾语 名词短语，作表语 名词短语，作宾语 形容词短语，作表语 1. How soon do you think you'll finish your homework? (pretty soon) Answer the questions using the phrases in brackets. 2. What do you think of your new teachers? (very nice and patient) 3. How many clubs have you joined this year? (two clubs) 4. How well does Rita play the violin? We need a new violinist in our music club. (quite well) 5. What did your adviser say about the advanced literature course? (too difficult but very interesting) I'll finish my homework pretty soon. My new teachers are very nice and patient. I've joined two clubs this year. Rita plays the violin quite well. My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting. $$