Unit 4 Natural Disasters Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024--2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Natural Disasters Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures If it is not big disaster with great pain, human consensus is difficult to reach. 若不是大灾难与大苦痛，人类难以达成共识。 Part 01 Warm up “On coming back a few days afterwards, I found they had christened him 'Heathcliff''; it was the name of a son who died in childhood, and it has served him ever since, both for Christian and surname." What function do the restrictive relative clauses have? ①the origin of the name ②the influence on his personality ③to imply his destiny Find the restrictive relative clauses in the sentences below. 1. The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my great-grandma cannot forget. 2. The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 3. The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 4. Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town have won praise. 5. A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador Part 02 Presentation 定语从句 在复合句中，作定语修饰名词或代词的从句。 The couple who live next to us volunteered to help after the volcano erupted. 先行词 定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 关系词 连接主句和从句 指代先行词 在从句中充当句子成分 （作用） 关系代词 关系副词 who whom whose that which as when where why that 关系代词 用法： 关系代词除了指代主句中的先行词外，同时还在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。作宾语时可以省略;但关系代词作介词宾语，而且介词提到它的前面时,关系代词不能省略。 关系代词 修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 who 人 主语、宾语 whom 人 宾语 whose 人或物 定语 that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语 which 物或事 主语、宾语、定语、表语 as 人、物或事 主语、宾语、表语 who, whom的用法 who在定语从句中作主语或宾语； whom在定语从句中只作宾语。 The boy who made a speech just now is my best friend. 刚才作演讲的那个男孩是我最好的朋友。 (who/whom在从句中作宾语) (who在从句中作主语 ) I have many friends (who/whom) I can turn to for help when in trouble. 我有很多在困难时刻可以求助的朋友。 二者都用于指人。 在从句中作介词的宾语且介词提到关系词之前时,只能用whom, 不能用who。 I have many friends to whom I can turn for help when in trouble. 我有很多在困难时刻可以求助的朋友。 whose的用法 表示先行词和它所修饰的词之间是所属关系，在定语从句中作定语。 I want to help the children whose parents died in the earthquake. 我想帮助那些父母在地震中丧生的孩子们。 We must repair the desks whose legs are broken. 我们必须修理断了腿的桌子。 既可指人也可指物 This kind of book is for children whose native language is English. 这种书是给母语为英语的儿童看的。 whose的用法 在whom和which之前加of也可以表示所属关系(即: of whom, of which)。 这时名词需要特指，应加定冠词，放在of whom，of which之前或之后均可。 I want to help the children whose parents died in the earthquake. =I want to help the children of whom the parents died in the earthquake. =I want to help the children the parents of whom died in the earthquake. We must repair the desks whose legs are broken. =We must repair the desks of which the legs are broken. =We must repair the desks the legs of which are broken. which的用法 在定语从句中作主语、宾语,偶尔作定语或表语。 The river which runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure. 穿过市中心的那条河给我们带来了很多欢乐。 (which 在从句中作主语) Do you remember the holiday (which) we spent together? 你记得我们一起度过的那个假期吗? (which 在从句中作宾语) He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意，这使得我们大家都很生气。 (which指代整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语) She was not sick, which some of the other passengers were. 她没有生病,但有些其他旅客却病了。 (which指代形容词sick，在从句中作表语) 用来指事物 that的用法 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。作宾语时可以省略;作介词的宾语时介词不能提到 that 之前。 Jane is no longer the person (that/who/whom) I worked with several years ago. 珍妮不再是几年前我共事的那个人了 既可指人也可指物 This is the supermarket that/which sells a variety of goods. 这就是那个卖各种各样的商品的超市。 The message (that/which) you are looking for is in today's China Daily. 你找的信息就在今天的《中国日报》上。 (that/who/whom在从句中作宾语) (that/which在从句中作主语) (that/which在从句中作宾语) 省略 as的用法 (1) as引导限制性定语从句,先行词前有 as, so, such 或the same修饰。 Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected. 那些对世界做出巨大贡献的人应受到极大的尊重。 You may take as many chairs as you need. 你需要多少椅子就拿走多少椅子。 He made the same mistake as you made in the last exam. 在上次考试中,他犯了跟你相同的一个错误。 (as 在从句中作主语) (as 作 need 的宾语) (as作made的宾语) as的用法 (2) as引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词是整个主句。 As everybody knows, Shakespeare was a great English writer. 众所周知，莎士比亚是一位伟大的英国作家。 Tom is a brave boy, as is described in the report. 汤姆是一个勇敢的男孩,这正如在报告中描述的那样。 The project, as we had expected, got along well. 正如我们所预料的那样，工程进展顺利。 (从句在主句之前, as在从句中作宾语) (从句在主句中间，as在从句中作宾语) (从句在主句之后，as在从句中作主语) 注意事项 The watch (that/which) you gave me keeps perfect time. 你给我的那块表走得很准。 (1) 关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 Alice is not the person (that) she was ten years ago. 艾丽斯不是10年前的那个人了。 (2) 关系代词在从句中作表语时可省略。 Education should be the most important thing (that) parents are greatly concerned about. 教育应是父母们非常关心的最重要的事情。 (3) 关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词在从句句尾时可省略。 宾语 表语 about的宾语 that不用which的情况 (1)当先行词是all, little, few, much, everything, nothing, none 等不定代词时。 All that I need is only your advice. 我所需要的只是你的建议。 There is not much that ought to be done right now. 没有多少应该立即做的事情。 In China, parents always do everything that they can to support their children. 在中国,父母总是尽他们所能来支持他们的孩子。 (2)当先行词被 all, every, no, little, few, much, the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。 These messages are the very ones that I have been looking for. 这些就是我一直在寻找的信息。 that不用which的情况 (3) 当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。 When it comes to Jinan, the first that comes to mind is the spring water. 谈到济南时,首先想到的就是泉水。 That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city. 那是这座城市到目前为止放过的最好的一部电影。 (3)当主是以which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Which is one of the things that make people happy? 哪一件是让人快乐的事? 用 which 不用 that 的情况 (1)关系代词前有介词时。 I'm looking for a box in which I can put all these eggs. 我在寻找一个能放下所有这些鸡蛋的箱子。 (2)在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 足球是很有趣的运动项目，全世界的人都在踢。 (3)先行词本身就是that时。 What's that which excites you so much? 是什么事情让你如此兴奋? erupt v. 火山)爆发;(岩、烟等)喷出 eruption n. 爆发;突发 erupt from从······喷出 erupt into突然变为或发展成(更坏的事) erupt violently 猛烈地爆发 volcanic eruption 火山喷发 练习：The place was recently visited by a serious volcanic ____________ (erupt). eruption supply n.供应(量);补给;储备 vt.供应;供给 supply sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 supply sth.to sb. 把某物提供给某人 supply and demand 供求关系 (be) in short supply 供应短缺;供应不足 练习：They will supply us _______ technology in support without asking for anything in return. with Part 03 Practice Complete each sentence with suitable relative pronouns. Then translate the sentences into Chinese. 1. Here are some of the people _____________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 2. The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _________ were asleep. 3. The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything __________ they could find. 4. Several days later, most of the buildings _____________ had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired. 5. The injured boy _____________ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital. whose who that that/which whose 这些人的家园被台风摧毁了。 建筑物可怕的摇晃把人们从睡梦中惊醒。 第二天，人们用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避难所。 几天以后，大多数被飓风破坏的建筑物得到了修缮。 那个母亲在灾难中失踪的受伤男孩被送去了医院。 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 1. We are learning English, a language _____________ is used in many fields in the world. 2. This magazine belongs to the teacher _____________ teaches us chemistry. 3. Anyone _____________ comes to China will surely visit the Great Wall. 4. The house _____________ stands on the top of the hill was built a few years ago. 5. The medicine _____________ he bought is good for your health. which/that who/that who which/that which/that 用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 6. Do you still remember the farm __________ we worked together five years ago? 7. The student ______________ the teachers are talking about has won the first prize in the English contest. 8. The newspaper _____________ you are reading is out of date. 9. Do you remember the time ________ we got lost in the park? 10. I'll never forget the time _____________ we spent together in the army camp. where whom/who/that which/that when which/that SEE YOU NEXT TIME Lavf57.71.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $$