2024年广东省中考英语二轮复习话题突破课件：话题三 身心健康与抗挫能力

主题一 人与自我 话题三 身心健康与抗挫能力 人教版 外研版 七上Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 七下Unit 10 I'd like some noodles. 八下Unit 1 What's the matter? 九全Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. 九全Unit 11 Sad movies make me cry. 七上Module 4 Healthy food 七下Module 3 Making plans 八下Module 1 Feelings and impressions 八下Module 4 Seeing the doctor [时文悦读·素养提升] ⁠ ⁠ 短文填空 it store people safe with because country buy on realize slow stop Japan has started pouring radioactive(放射性的) water from the nuclear power plant(核电厂) into the ocean.The plant was hit① by a huge earthquake in March 2011.After that, the power company 1. 　stored 　 ⁠ a lot of radioactive water.It is now being 2. 　slowly 　 ⁠ poured into the Pacific. 2．slowly　句子成分完整，考虑填入副词，结合备选词，slow符合题意，表示核污水被慢慢排入海中。 stored 　 slowly 　 Japan said that the water is 3. 　safe 　 ⁠ and would not harm the environment.It said there would be a little influence 4. 　on 　 ⁠ people and the environment. 3．safe　根据下文“would not harm the environment”可知这里表示“安全的”，故填safe。 safe 　 on 　 it store people safe with because country buy on realize slow stop Many people in Japan, as well as 5. 　countries 　 ⁠ near Japan, are angry that radioactive water is put into the Pacific.Local fishermen are worried 6. 　because 　 ⁠ they will not be able to sell their fish. 6．because　分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连词，结合备选词，because符合题意。 countries 　 because 　 it store people safe with because country buy on realize slow stop China has stopped 7. 　buying 　 ⁠ seafood from Fukushima and the capital city, Tokyo since the pouring.The Chinese government called the pouring of the water a “wrong decision” and asked Japan to 8. 　stop 　 ⁠. 7．buying　stop doing sth.停止做某事，根据常识，在日本排放核污水入海后，中国应该是停止购买日本的海鲜，结合备选词，故填buying。 buying 　 stop 　 it store people safe with because country buy on realize slow stop A spokesperson② said, “Japan is putting 9. 　its 　 ⁠ own benefit over the benefit of all humans.” Seafood restaurants in Hong Kong were also worried about food safety.They said they would immediately stop buying some Japanese food products.10. 　People 　 ⁠ in South Korean have also disagreed with the pouring. 短文大意：本文主要介绍了日本排放核污水入海，引起各界强烈反对，并且影响了海鲜食品安全。 its 　 People 　 it store people safe with because country buy on realize slow stop 日本核污染水排海危及食品安全 一、文化意识 2023年8月24日，日本启动核污染水排海，引来国际社会的强烈反对和质疑，同时，也给海鲜食品安全带来了极大的危机。为了我们自身的健康，我们在购买食品时，要关注进口食品是否有中文标签，中文标签标示的内容是否齐全，留意所购食品的原产地。 二、语言能力 熟词生义/构词法 ①hit v. 　击中 　 ⁠ ②spokesperson n. 　发言人 　 ⁠ 击中 　 发言人 　 三、思维品质 1．长难句分析 Many people in Japan, as well as  　 5　 　 ⁠ near Japan, are angry that radioactive water is put into the Pacific. [主干提取]Many people are angry. [成分分析]as well as引导主语的并列成分；that后跟宾语从句，宾语从句中使用了被动语态。 2．日本排放核污水入海，会影响你的饮食习惯吗？和同学们一起讨论一下吧！ 一、核心话题词汇 食物(Food) n. 1.rice大米；米饭 2.noodle面条 3.hamburger汉堡包 4.meat肉 5．egg鸡蛋 6.dumpling饺子 7.soup汤 8.bread面包 9．fruit 水果 10.vegetable蔬菜 11.salad沙拉 12.carrot胡萝卜 微语境运用 A good eating habit can help you keep healthy. Breakfast is very important.You can have a bowl of milk, some bread and an 1. 　egg　 ⁠ in the morning. For lunch, you can have some 2. 　meat　 ⁠ like beef, fish or chicken.3. 　Vegetables　 ⁠ are also very important.Remember to eat them every day.I like carrots best. It's easy for you to get fat if you eat too much in the evening.You can have some 4. 　soup　 ⁠， such as vegetable soup, egg soup or fish soup. egg　 meat　 Vegetables　 soup　 饮料(Drinks) n. 1.water水 2.coffee咖啡 3.milk牛奶 4.tea茶 5.juice果汁 身体部位(Body parts) n. 1.head头 2.mouth嘴 3.neck脖子 4.tooth牙齿 5.leg腿 6.eye眼睛 7．hand手 8.ear耳朵 9.nose鼻子 10.foot脚 11.arm手臂 12.knee膝盖 13．heart心脏 14.stomach胃；腹部 15.face脸；面部 16.finger手指 17．hair头发 18.shoulder肩膀 微语境运用 There is a woman in the picture.She is thin.She has straight blonde hair, a small 1. 　mouth　 ⁠， a big nose and two big eyes.She wears a necklace(项链) around her 2. 　neck　 ⁠.You can also see a book in her 3. 　hand　 ⁠.The expression on her 4. 　face　 ⁠ tells me she is angry now. mouth　 neck　 hand　 face　 疾病与医疗服务(Illness and health care) n. 1.health健康 2.patient病人 3.illness疾病 4.nurse护士 5．dentist牙医 6.cough咳嗽 7.fever发烧 8.headache头疼 9．stomachache胃疼 10.flu流感 11.medicine药 adj. 1.healthy健康的 2.blind失明的 3.deaf聋的 4.pale苍白的 5.sick/ill生病的 v. 1.treat v．治疗 2.cause v．引起 兼词 1.care n．&v.照顾；关心  微语境运用 Ebola(埃博拉) is a river in Africa.In 1976, a dangerous virus was found there.People called it Ebola.The virus can cause people to get 1. 　sick/ill　 ⁠ and even die. Ebola often starts with fever and headaches, kind of like the 2. 　flu　 ⁠.But it can get worse and 3. 　cause　 ⁠ serious bleeding(流血) and breathing problems.People who have Ebola need to be 4. 　cared　 ⁠ for in a special way so that the illness doesn't spread to doctors, nurses or others in their families. sick/ill　 flu　 cause　 cared　 就医(Seeing a doctor) n. 1.brain大脑；智力 2.pain疼痛 3.breath呼吸 4.cancer癌症 5．throat喉咙 6.voice嗓音 adj. 1.alive活着；在世 2.sudden突然(的) 3.risky有风险的 4．weak虚弱的 5.sleepy困倦的 v. 1.hurt受伤 2.fall跌倒；倒塌 3.hit击；打 4.pull拉 5．ask要求；请求 6.hear听见 7.touch触摸；碰  微语境运用 One day, Grant went to climb the mountain alone.After 15 minutes of climbing, Grant found a woman.The woman had 1. 　fallen　 ⁠ about 75 feet below.Luckily, she was 2. 　alive　 ⁠.“Are you OK？” Grant shouted.The woman didn't reply.She was badly 3. 　hurt　 ⁠.Grant called the police to report her location.Then he reached the woman.She was very 4. 　weak　 ⁠.Grant gently put her hand in his, trying to keep her mind off the 5. 　pain　 ⁠ by keeping asking her questions.About 45 minutes later, the police arrived. fallen　 alive　 hurt　 weak　 pain　 饮食习惯(Eating habits) n. 1.dinner正餐 2.meal一餐 3.knife小刀 4.chopstick筷子 5.fork餐叉 6．dish碟子 7.plate盘子；碟子 8.spoon勺子 v. 1.cut切 2.mix混合 3.taste品尝 4.smell闻 微语境运用 We often say, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” Chinese use 1. 　chopsticks　 ⁠ when having meals.However, 2. 　forks　 ⁠ and knives are used for most Western food.The fork is held in your left hand and the 3. 　knife　 ⁠ is in your right hand.The food is held with the fork and cut with the knife. Remember that it is polite to say that every dish 4. 　tastes　 ⁠ nice when it is served, and that you have enjoyed the food at the end of a meal. chopsticks　 forks　 knife　 tastes　 情感与情绪(Feelings and emotions) n. 1.silence安静；沉默 2.pride自豪；骄傲 3.pity怜悯；同情 4.luck运气；幸运 5．courage勇敢；勇气 6.feeling感觉；感触 7.pleasure高兴；愉快 8.shame羞耻；羞愧 adj. 1.sad(令人)悲伤的 2.lonely孤独的；寂寞的 3.alone单独；独自 4.angry生气的 5．nervous焦虑的 6.happy愉快的；高兴的 7.proud自豪的 8.excited激动的；兴奋的 v. 1.relax放松；休息 2.regret遗憾；懊悔 3.feel感觉；觉得 4.worry担心；担忧 5．hope/wish希望 6.expect预期；期待 7.seem似乎；好像 8.express表达；表示 微语境运用 Everyone wants to be happy.When you are happy, the world 1. 　seems　 ⁠ like a better place.As the saying goes: When you smile, the world smiles with you; when you cry, you cry 2. 　alone　 ⁠. No matter how 3. 　happy　 ⁠ you are, it's normal to feel angry, sad or nervous once in a while.Life is full of ups and downs.Talking and sharing is a good way to 4. 　relax　 ⁠ and make you feel better.Knowing someone is there for you will make you braver and more outgoing. seems　 alone　 happy　 relax　 二、核心话题词块 1.have a fever/cold/sore throat/stomachache/headache发烧/感冒/喉咙/胃/头痛 2．have the flu感冒 3.fall ill生病 4.go to a/the doctor去看医生 5．take medicine吃药 6.save/lose one's life挽救某人的生命/丧生 7．take care of/look after 照顾 8.in good condition 情况良好 9．be in danger处于危险当中 10.be harmful to 对……有害 11．to one's surprise使某人惊讶的是 12.be ill in hospital生病住院 13．cheer sb. up使某人振奋起来 14.eating habits饮食习惯 15．take it easy放轻松 16.worry about/be worried about为……担心； 烦恼 17．be proud of/take pride in为……骄傲 18.let sb. down使某人失望 微语境运用 Robert Swan has walked to both the North Pole and the South Pole.During those two long trips, Swan noticed some terrible things.At the South Pole, he 1. 　fell ill　 ⁠ because of a kind of ray(光线).This kind of ray 2. 　is harmful to　 ⁠ both humans and the environment.At the North Pole，3. 　to his surprise　 ⁠， the ice started to melt(融化) four months earlier than the usual “melt season”．These two things made Swan realize the poles were 4. 　in danger　 ⁠.He thought humans must do something. fell ill　 is harmful to　 to his surprise　 in danger　 三、写作佳句积累 1.It is good for us to eat fresh vegetables and fruit every day.每天吃新鲜的蔬菜和水果对我们有好处。 2．You had better take off those wet clothes, or you'll get a cold.你最好脱下那些湿衣服，否则你会感冒的。 3．Except for working hard, we  should pay more attention to proper exercise and enough sleep.除了努力学习，我们应该更加注意适当的锻炼和足够的睡眠。 4．The doctor looked him over and said there was nothing wrong with him.医生检查了他，说他没有什么问题。  句型仿写 1．对孩子来说，帮助父母做家务是很重要的。(it is＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.)  　It is very important for children to help their parents do ho 　 ⁠ 2．我们中的许多人都不太注意眼睛保健的重要性。(pay attention to)  　Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of ⁠ It is very important for children to help their parents do housework. Many of us don't pay much attention to the importance of eye care. 一、完形填空 Niel's first memory of having a headache was in her third grade.She remembers a(n)   1 ⁠ headache that made it difficult for her to get home from school.And she didn't have the words at the time to   2 ⁠ the pain to her parents. (　B　)1.A.quiet B．terrible C．interesting D．real 1．B　根据下文“that made it difficult for her to get home from school”可知，Niel应该是头疼得厉害，所以连从学校回家都很困难。 B (　A　)2.A.explain B．read C．connect D．bring A 2．A　根据上文“she didn't have the words”可知，这里指用语言来解释头疼的痛苦。 Now 45, Niel, a writer, not only has the words but has a(n)   3 ⁠ to the serious headaches that have troubled her since childhood. In order to solve her problem, she often took some pills.“One day, one of my friends   4 ⁠ a doctor named Nicola to me, and I thought I should have a try，” she said. (　D　)3.A.question B．idea C．help D．answer 3．D　根据下文“to the serious headaches”可知，这里指Niel知道了头痛的原因是什么。 D (　A　)4.A.introduced B．sent C．led D．offered A 4．A　根据下文“a doctor named Nicola to me”可知，Niel的一个朋友向她介绍了一位叫Nicola的医生。 Nicola tested her for possible   5 ⁠ after listening to what Niel said.While   6 ⁠ results, Nicola put Niel on a strict diet(饮食) for 30 days.He asked her only to   7 ⁠ fruit, vegetables, and meat.“The first week of the diet was very difficult，” Niel recalled. (　C　)5.A.instructions B．feelings C．causes D．suggestions 5．C　根据上文“Nicola tested her”可知，Nicola给Niel做检查应该是为了找到病因。 C (　A　)6.A.waiting for B．making up C．looking for D．giving up 6．A　根据下文“A few days later, the results showed that...”可知，这是在等待检查结果。 A (　D　)7.A.borrow B．buy C．make D．eat 7．D　根据下文“fruit, vegetables, and meat”可知，这是让Niel吃的东西。 D “I couldn't hardly stand it, but on Day 13, it was much easier.Not only was the   8 ⁠ gone, but I was energetic.” A few days later, the results showed that Niel had a serious sensitivity(过敏) to eggs, which had been in her diet as long as she could   9 ⁠． (　C　)8.A.food B．time C．pain D．doctor 8．C　根据下文“...gone, but I was energetic”可知，这里指Niel的疼痛消失了。 C (　B　)9.A.understand B．remember C．worry D．repeat 9．B　根据上文“as long as”可知，这里指Niel对吃鸡蛋的记忆从记事起就有，时间很久了。 B “I grew up eating a normal diet like others, but I really didn't know I had a sensitivity to eggs，” she said.Today, Niel says the headaches are   10 ⁠ gone and she is very healthy. (　C　)10.A.suddenly B．probably C．completely D．politely 10．C　根据下文“she is very healthy”可知，Niel的头疼完全消失了。 短文大意：本文主要讲述Niel像其他人一样，正常饮食，吃鸡蛋，但这也正是她头疼的原因。 C 二、阅读理解B篇 Almost everyone can experience nightmares(噩梦).Nightmares can influence our sleep quality.They can also lead to illnesses. How can we have fewer nightmares and improve our sleep? Try out the following steps that could help you. 5 Develop good sleep habits. Healthy sleeping habits are connected to a good sleep.We can develop a good habit by exercising and setting appropriate sleep and working times. 2 But remember to do some relaxing activities before bedtime.Making sure the room is dark and cool can also help us have good sleep.  　　 ▲ ⁠ Snacking can cause your brain to be more active and lead to nightmares.Although some people sleep better after eating some snacks, you should stop eating two to three hours before bedtime.If you notice that you have nightmares, try avoiding having snacks or heavier meals before bedtime. 3 Don't watch or read scary things before bedtime. What we watch or read before bedtime can appear during sleep.We should spend some energy on positive(积极的) things before bedtime.Reading the news before bedtime is more likely to lead to nightmares than looking through pictures from your last vacation with your family. Use a white noise machine. Silence is key to a good sleep.But for people who don't like to be completely quiet at night, background noise is a good way. 4 Try a fan or a white noise machine or an app. ( B )1.Which of the following is a good sleep habit? A．Play basketball before bedtime. B．Early to bed and early to rise. C．Keep the bedroom warm. D．Always stay up late. B ( A )2.What does the underlined word “appropriate” mean in the passage? A．Proper. B．Wrong. C．Short. D．Long. 2．A　词义猜测题。根据第二段小标题“Develop good sleep habits.”可知，本段是在提供养成良好睡眠习惯的方法。再结合“sleep and working times”，可知应该是设置合适的睡眠和工作时间。故选A。 A ( C )3.【新考法·还原句子题】Which can be put back into the “  ▲ ⁠”？ A．Give up snacks. B．Don't have supper. C．Don't eat before bedtime. D．Take heavy meals before bedtime. 3．C　段落主旨题。根据第三段的“you should stop eating two to three hours before bedtime”和“try avoiding having snacks or heavier meals before bedtime”可知，第三段主要讲的是睡前停止进食、拒绝大吃大喝。故选C。 C ( B )4.Who might use a white noise machine? A．Linda, who likes complete quietness. B．Jerry, who can't stand silence. C．Amy, who always has sound sleep. D．Bob, who has a fan in his bedroom. 4．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知，但对于那些不喜欢绝对安静的人，使用背景噪音是一个好方法。结合选项可知，不能忍受安静的Jerry可能会使用白噪音机。故选B。 B ( C )5.What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Sleep Longer B．Something about Nightmares C．Ways to Reduce Nightmares D．Get up Early 5．C　推理判断题。根据全文内容及第一段“How can we have fewer nightmares and improve our sleep？”可知，文章主要介绍了一些减少噩梦、改善睡眠的小技巧，Ways to Reduce Nightmares最适合作标题。故选C。 短文大意：本文主要介绍了一些减少噩梦、改善睡眠的小技巧。 C 三、阅读理解C篇(2023肇庆二模) 配对阅读。左栏是五位病人的健康问题，右栏是七位医生的简介。请根据五位病人的健康问题为他们选出最合适的医生。 A.Dr.Wright is always ready to offer help on eating problems.He believes each patient needs a different plan to control his/her wish to eat. B.If you break or lose your teeth, go to Dr.Smith's.He has different kinds of false teeth(假牙) for people aged over 20, and helps you feel good about yourself. C.Dr.Wang got a doctor's degree in traditional Chinese and western medicine.He is good at treating flu (fever, cough, etc.) in both traditional Chinese and Western medical ways. D.Dr.Chen has a lot of experience in helping patients get normal sleep.She not only gives them medical care but also provides advice on how to relax from busy work. E.Dr.Grey is one of the top doctors in the field of heart diseases.She used to work in America for three years and is good at doing heart operations. F.Dr.Liu, one of the best dentists in Guangdong General Hospital, has great skills in fixing bad teeth and communicating with kids to win their trust. G.Dr.Li has developed a new treatment to help patients give up drinking.She also does well in curing(治愈) diseases caused by drinking. ( C )1.Tina has a high fever because of the flu she caught at school.She has such a bad headache that she can't go to school. (　D　)2.Jimmy has a lot of work to do every day.He has trouble getting to sleep at night and he usually stays up late to finish his work. (　F　)3.Dongdong is an 8­year­old boy.He has a sweet tooth.He has four bad teeth and his mom is worried about his toothache. ( G )4.Lily's father has been a heavy drinker for 20 years.He decided to give up drinking after the health check which showed some health problems. (　A　)5.Recently Betty ate whatever she liked, including lots of meat.She found herself getting heavier week by week but she couldn't stop eating. C D F G A 四、读写综合 A.回答问题 One morning, a boss left his house and headed towards his car. 1 When he opened his car door, a dog that was hiding under it jumped out and bit(咬) his leg. 2 The boss kicked him and the dog ran away. When he arrived at the office, the boss held a meeting with all the managers. 3 Throughout the whole meeting, he shouted a lot and took his anger out on them. The managers felt very bad after the meeting and took their anger out on the people who worked under them and the anger reached the office repairman. At the end of the day, the repairman went home. His wife asked him, “Why are you coming home so late today？” The man shouted, “I didn't go to the office to play.I went to work！”4 The wife felt that the husband shouted at her for no reason and took her own anger out on her child. The child left the house to let off his anger and started throwing stones in the street. 5 One of the stones hit a dog.It was the same dog that bit the boss in the morning! The same story may repeat in our life.When you find yourself in this situation, instead of passing your anger on to others, change the negative(负面的) feeling to a positive one. 1．How did the boss go to work that morning?  　By car./The boss/He went to work by car/in a c ⁠  　By car./The boss/He went to work by car/in a car that morning.　 ⁠ 2．What happened to the boss that morning?  　The boss/He was bitten by a ⁠  　The boss/He was bitten by a dog./A dog bit his leg/him.　 ⁠ 3．What did the boss do after reaching the office?  　The boss/He held a meeting (with all the managers) (after reaching the office).　 ⁠  　The boss/He held a meeting (with all the managers) (after reaching the office).⁠ 4．Who did the repairman shout at?  　His wife./The repairman/He shouted ⁠  　His wife./The repairman/He shouted at his wife.　 ⁠ 5．Why did the child throw stones in the street?  　He threw stones to let off his anger./To let off his anger./Because he wanted to let off his anger.　 ⁠  　He threw stones to let off his anger./To let off his anger./Because he wanted to let off his anger.　 ⁠ 【迁移写作】B.书面表达 每个人在生活中都不可能事事顺心，因此保持良好的心态非常重要。请根据以下思维导图内容提示，以“How to Stay in a Good Mood”为题， 用英语写一篇短文。 ⁠ ⁠审题定方向 1．审文体：本文介绍保持好心情的方法，属于 　说明文 　 ⁠。 2．审人称：从标题可知是让介绍“我们”的心情，用 　第一人称 　 ⁠。 3．审时态：表达建议，用 　一般现在时 　 ⁠。 说明文 　 第一人称 　 一般现在时 　 ⁠ ⁠谋篇拓思维 1．影响我们的情绪 　affect/influence our mood　⁠ 2．听音乐 　listen to music　 ⁠ 3．比如 　such as　 ⁠ 4．帮助某人做某事 　help sb.(to) do sth.　⁠ 5．向某人求助 　ask sb.for help　 ⁠ 6．让我们放松 　make us relaxed　 ⁠ 7．而且；更重要的是 　what's more　 ⁠ 8．总而言之 　in a word　 ⁠ affect/influence our mood　 listen to music　 such as　 help sb.(to) do sth ask sb.for help　 make us relaxed　 what's more　 in a word　 ⁠ ⁠连篇成佳作  增分小技巧 1．提出建议时，可使用作文模板四(提出建议、方法)；不同的建议可用表示顺序的连接词； 2．使用复合句：引出主题，强调坏情绪影响时，可使用条件状语从句(如If we are always in a bad mood, we may become sick.) 3．巧用非谓语动词：最后总结时，可使用it's＋adj.＋for sb.to sth.(如In a word, it's necessary for us to stay in a good mood.)。 How to Stay in a Good Mood As we all know, everyone can't be happy all the time.If we are always in a bad mood, we may become sick.So it is important for us to stay in a good mood. Many things around us can affect our moods, such as the environment, colors and music.What should we do to stay in a good mood? Here is some advice. If we are always in a bad mood, we may become sick.So it is important for us to stay in a good mood. First, listening to music can make us relaxed.Second, if we have some problems, we should ask our friends, parents or teachers for help.They will help us deal with them.Third, doing sports can make us forget something unhappy.What's more, we can also read some interesting books that can make us happy. In a word, it's necessary for us to stay in a good mood. $$