考点08 虚拟语气（核心语法，九大应用全掌握）-【全优新高考】2025年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）

考点08 虚拟语气 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：虚拟语气的九种用法 模块三：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 1．Our teacher requested that we (make) full preparations for the coming final examination. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The expert requests teenagers (focus) on what they are doing and be responsible for their behaviour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．He can speak English very fluently as if he (be) a native Englishman, so you can talk to him freely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．How I wish I (not, try) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life (encourage) to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he (focus) more on our children’s education. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Because it was a (demand) task, the manager demanded that we (work) extra hours to meet customers’ (demand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in Egypt (restore) in order to prevent them from collapse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Kate suggested that not only I go to the party but also give a performance at the ball. (用适当的词填空) 10．“ it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farm work back at home,” Wang said. (用适当的词填空) 11．I am sure I would have lost him if I (continue) dancing.（所给词的适当形式填空） 12．I am sorry I am very busy now. If I (have)time，I would certainly go to the movies with you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I (be) there before! (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．It is essential that these application forms (send) back as early as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．We wouldn’t have called a taxi yesterday if Harold (offer) us a ride home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 模块二 核心考点梳理 （一）语气的定义和种类 　　l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 　　2、语气的种类： 　　(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊! 　　(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。请打开门。 　　(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。May you succeed! 祝您成功！ （二）虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. (事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。) 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。 所述情况 从句 主句 例句 与现在 事实相反 If+主语＋did（be动词用were） 主语＋would/could/might/ should +动词原形 If I were you, I would work hard. 与过去 事实相反 If＋主语＋had done 主语＋would/could/might/ should +have done If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test. 与将来 事实相反 1. If+主语＋did 2. if+主语＋were to do 3. if+主语＋should do 主语＋would/could/might/ should +动词原形 If it should rain, the crops would be saved. （三）虚拟条件句的特殊情况 (1) 省略if的虚拟语气 如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if，采用倒装语序。 If it should happen, what would you do? →Should it happen, what would you do? If he had recognized me, he would have come over. →Had he recognized me, he would have come over (2) 含蓄虚拟条件句 有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。 Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry. He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party. (3) 混合/错综型虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在) If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去) （四）虚拟语气用在名词性从句中的用法 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气 这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。 1 常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful. 2 常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested. 3 常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame. It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited. It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1) wish 后所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿…就好了），其形式主要有三种： ☆ 表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句 ☆ 表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时或should/could have done ☆ 表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would/could+动词原形 I wish it were spring all year round. She wished she had stayed at home. I wish it would be fine tomorrow. 2) would rather, would sooner等表示愿望，其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。 　　☆ 表示与现在和将来含义事实相反的虚拟语气要用动词的过去式 　　☆ 用过去完成式(had + 过去分词)表示过去事实相反的含义 　　I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。 I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.我宁愿她把重活留给别人。 3)在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。此类动词有：一坚持：insist（坚持要求）；一希望：desire；二命令：order, command；四建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend；四要求： demand, require, ask, request. The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time. P.S. 当suggest表示‘暗示，说明’之意；insist表示‘坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。 They insisted that he （should）be present at the ceremony.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. She suggested that we (should) leave early. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life. 3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, requirement, order. He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained. His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. （五）虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法 在It is (high/about) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should +动词原形，should不可省略，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。 It is time that we went home. I think it’s high time that she made up her mind.我想她该拿定主意了。 P.S.此句型中，注意与It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。 This is the first time that I have been here. （六）虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法    ①方式状语从句     由as if 或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。     ☆ 表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时     The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. （这位学生并不是她的亲生孩子）     ☆ 表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时     I felt as though we had known each other for years. （其实并没有认识多年）      ☆ 表示与将来事实不相符，用would/might/could+do    It looks as if it might rain. 天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）    对比：     He looks as if he is young. 看样子他好像很年轻。（他就是年轻）    He looks as if he were young. 看样子他好像很年轻。（实际上他不年轻）     ②目的状语从句     a. 由in case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，动词用“should + 动词原形”结构，表示忧虑或目的。    Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I (should) forget.    She emphasized it again and again, lest he (should) forget.     We  talked the matter over face to face for fear that there should be any misunderstanding.    b. 在in order that和so that引导的目的状语从句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。     I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.  They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.     We will tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.    ③让步状语从句     让步状语从句指事实时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气。若从句内容表示现在和将来的假设情况，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气。     Though he (should) fail, there would still be hope.    I should say the same thing even if he were here.     Whether he (should) succeed or fail, we shall have to do our part.    However hard it might rain rains, we shall go there together.  No matter what his social position (might) be, a man is equal in the eye of the law.  （七）虚拟语气在其他情况中 1. if only (但愿,要是…就好了)后接从句也用虚拟语气,其用法与wish类似。  If only you had worked with greater care!    (but you didn't work with greater care)  If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train! (but we didn't arrive in time)  If only I had enough money! If only she would win!但愿她能赢! 与此句型容易混淆的还有一种结构"only if...",only置于if前表示强调if条件,意为"只要„„",用于引导陈述语气的真实条件句。  Only if you study hard, you will pass the test. 只要你努力学习,就会通过考试。 2. 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为‘本想，本打算，本认为’ He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.（他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了） I had thought he had been dead for at least 20 years. I had hoped that she would go to the USA and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China. 3. 表示愿望的感叹句    在表示祝愿的感叹句中，用动词原形，表示愿望。    Long live the People's Republic of China! 中华人民共和国万岁！    May you be happy! 祝您快乐！    God bless you! 上帝保佑你！    Success attend you! 祝你成功！    The Lord save us! 愿主救我们！ 16．It is strongly recommended that the machine ______ maintained every year for safety reasons. A．be B．will be C．is D．has been 17．I would rather Tom ______ to see me in the office instead of at home tomorrow. A．would come B．had come C．came D．is coming 18．If I were you, I ______the chance to go abroad. A．will seize B．would have seize C．seize D．would seize 19．The woman insisted that the lost child _____ to store’s information desk so his parents could be informed. A．be taken B．was taken C．taking D．must be taken 20．I________ to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go. A．intended B．have intended C．was intending D．had intended 21．He recommended she________ some research about what a healthy candy would contain. A．do B．did C．would do D．to do 22．I wish I the Great Wall with you tomorrow, but I’m preparing for the coming exam. A．would climb B．had climbed C．to climb D．will climb 23．If the electric light ________ invented, people ________ in darkness during night at that time. A．were not; could have lived B．were not; could live C．had not been; could have lived D．had not been; could live 24．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 25．I strongly recommend that she _______ some kind of exercise in the morning. A．does B．did C．do D．have done 26．The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research. A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request 27．The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance and decided to help the young man ______ smoking. A．be given; addicted to B．should give; addicted to C．would be given; addicting to D．should be giving; addicting to 28．Richard is so tired after work that he feels ________ he could sleep for 24 hours. A．as if B．even though C．in case D．now that 29．—I failed in the interview, because I didn’t introduce myself completely within three minutes. —You___________ the details. The main points are more important than details. A．should omit B．must omit C．should have omitted D．must have omitted 30．________ in the future to bridge the gender gap and diversity in the scientific field? A．Do you suggest what we can do B．What do you suggest that we should do C．Do you suggest what can we do D．What do you suggest we do 31．He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to. A．referred to being B．referring to being C．referred to be D．referring to be 32．He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for 33．If he ______ hard at high school, he ______ a college student now. A．studied; is B．had studied; is C．studied; would be D．had studied; would be 34．It seemed as if the world________ to an end. A．is coming B．were coming C．was coming D．has come 35．The surgeon recommended the patient ________ in no time. A．to be operated B．operate on C．should operate D．be operated on 模块三 当堂检测（难度两星） 36．They demanded that the workers’ working conditions (improve) as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．Doctors recommended that the drug (take) off the market.（所给词的适当形式填空） 38．He insisted that we (change) our schedule, though no one really agreed with him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．He insisted that he (be) not old and that he (send) there to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．If only I (fly) like a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．It is necessary that we (master) at least one foreign language. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．It’s about time that he (go) to bed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．Take your raincoat in case it (rain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．His suggestion is that we (go) to watch the football match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．I suggest (that) we (go) out to eat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．Finally, I suggest we (have) more English activities, such as English contests and festivals. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．Who do you suggest (send) to work on the farm?(所给词的适当形式填空) 48． he leave today, he would get there by Friday. （用适当的词填空） 49．It is recommended that detailed eye examination (do)every six months. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．The teacher demanded that all the students (hand) in their cellphones. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．It is required that homework (finish) on your own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．It is urged by university students that the library (keep) open during the vacation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53．I wish I (not try) to repair the bike, for I only made it worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54．He is involved in the trouble now. If only he (listen) to his parents! (所给词的适当形式填空) 55．If they (consider) everything, they would not have made such a mistake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56．The disheartened girl listened as if she (turn) into a stone.( 所给词的适当形式填空) 57．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events (happen) only yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it (be) broken. （所给词的适当形式填空） 59．Had I created all my characters and places upfront, I may (ruin) the whole thing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60．The lady insisted she had done nothing wrong and that she (treat)properly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 61．It’s our desire that you (provide) some money to fund our program, as well as offer us some practical suggestions. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 62．Obviously, it is high time that we (take) effective measures to tackle the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63．I requested that the trip (schedule) to start tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64． (be) I a bird, I would fly to see you at once. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65．We recommend that he (type) a name that is meaningful to him for the chatroom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66．If motorists (avoid) speeding on highways, there would not be more traffic accidents reported. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67． it snow tomorrow, I would take the subway to work. (用适当的词填空) 68．The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would (accomplish) the task in half the time.(所给词的适当形式填空) 69．For a beginner of sports, it is highly recommendable that the time for training (length) little by little. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70．The boss requested that all the bags (pack) within two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones “Please, no flash photography.” Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of 71 they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places 72 people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least. The patent, 73 (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command 74 (block) the user from taking any photos or videos. Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows 75 they object to the free footage circulating around the web. 76 this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent 77 (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening. But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to 78 with more immoral intentions. Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just 79 (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid 80 (use) the prohibitive software. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University 81 (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data 82 (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor. The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link 83 (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities 84 (found) along short rivers. Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads 85 Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty. 86 technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data 87 the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang. The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and   88 30 percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men. 89 the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations. Experts said the second major migration period   90 (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool. Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from 138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点08 虚拟语气 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：虚拟语气的九种用法 模块三：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 1．Our teacher requested that we (make) full preparations for the coming final examination. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．The expert requests teenagers (focus) on what they are doing and be responsible for their behaviour. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．He can speak English very fluently as if he (be) a native Englishman, so you can talk to him freely. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4．How I wish I (not, try) to repair the cellphone! I only made it worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．My suggestion is that more people from all walks of life (encourage) to finance the project with their deeper love for these children. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．My husband is always talking about the economy, but I’d rather he (focus) more on our children’s education. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Because it was a (demand) task, the manager demanded that we (work) extra hours to meet customers’ (demand). (所给词的适当形式填空) 8．The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in Egypt (restore) in order to prevent them from collapse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．Kate suggested that not only I go to the party but also give a performance at the ball. (用适当的词填空) 10．“ it were not for tennis, I would still be helping out my family with farm work back at home,” Wang said. (用适当的词填空) 11．I am sure I would have lost him if I (continue) dancing.（所给词的适当形式填空） 12．I am sorry I am very busy now. If I (have)time，I would certainly go to the movies with you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I (be) there before! (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．It is essential that these application forms (send) back as early as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．We wouldn’t have called a taxi yesterday if Harold (offer) us a ride home. (所给词的适当形式填空) 模块二 核心考点梳理 （一）语气的定义和种类 　　l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 　　2、语气的种类： 　　(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊! 　　(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。请打开门。 　　(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。May you succeed! 祝您成功！ （二）虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法 条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. (事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。) 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。 所述情况 从句 主句 例句 与现在 事实相反 If+主语＋did（be动词用were） 主语＋would/could/might/ should +动词原形 If I were you, I would work hard. 与过去 事实相反 If＋主语＋had done 主语＋would/could/might/ should +have done If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test. 与将来 事实相反 1. If+主语＋did 2. if+主语＋were to do 3. if+主语＋should do 主语＋would/could/might/ should +动词原形 If it should rain, the crops would be saved. （三）虚拟条件句的特殊情况 (1) 省略if的虚拟语气 如果从句中含有were/ should/ had时，则可以把这三个词置于句首，省略if，采用倒装语序。 If it should happen, what would you do? →Should it happen, what would you do? If he had recognized me, he would have come over. →Had he recognized me, he would have come over (2) 含蓄虚拟条件句 有时候假设的情况不以if引导的条件从句形式表现出来，而是通过一个介词短语，连词或其他形式表示。常用的词或短语有：without, with, but for(要是没有), otherwise, or, but等。 Without your help(=If we had not had your help), we could not have succeeded. But for electricity(=If there were no electricity, there would be no modern industry. He felt very tired yesterday, or/ otherwise he would have attended the party. (3) 混合/错综型虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在) If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去) （四）虚拟语气用在名词性从句中的用法 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气 这种虚拟语气主要用在it is+形容词（名词，过去分词）+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）这种结构中。 1 常见的这类形容词有：advisable, anxious, better, desirable, surprising, natural, necessary, strange, important, regretful. 2 常见的这类过去分词有：decided, demanded, recommended, requested, desired, required, ordered, suggested. 3 常见的这类名词有：duty, pity, no surprise, no wonder, regret, shame. It was suggested that he（should）join the club activities. It is strange (surprising, disappointing) that she (should) not have been invited. It is a pity that he (should) refuse to accept the offer. 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气 1) wish 后所跟宾语从句谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为要是，但愿…就好了），其形式主要有三种： ☆ 表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish后接一般过去时的从句 ☆ 表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish后接过去完成时或should/could have done ☆ 表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish后接would/could+动词原形 I wish it were spring all year round. She wished she had stayed at home. I wish it would be fine tomorrow. 2) would rather, would sooner等表示愿望，其宾语从句常用虚拟过去式。 　　☆ 表示与现在和将来含义事实相反的虚拟语气要用动词的过去式 　　☆ 用过去完成式(had + 过去分词)表示过去事实相反的含义 　　I would rather you came tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。 I’d sooner she left the heavy end of the work to some one else.我宁愿她把重活留给别人。 3)在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用(should)+动词原形。此类动词有：一坚持：insist（坚持要求）；一希望：desire；二命令：order, command；四建议：suggest, advise, propose, recommend；四要求： demand, require, ask, request. The teacher ordered that all the books (should) be handed in on time. P.S. 当suggest表示‘暗示，说明’之意；insist表示‘坚持认为，坚持说’之意时，从句不用虚拟，用正常的陈述语气。 They insisted that he （should）be present at the ceremony.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. She suggested that we (should) leave early. The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with life. 3. 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气 在表示建议，命令，要求的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形。常见名词有：advice, desire, request, demand, proposal, suggestion, requirement, order. He gave orders that the guests (should) be hospital entertained. His proposal is that we (should) get rid of the bad habits. （五）虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法 在It is (high/about) time that …句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should +动词原形，should不可省略，表示早该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。 It is time that we went home. I think it’s high time that she made up her mind.我想她该拿定主意了。 P.S.此句型中，注意与It/This is the +序数词+time that+现在完成式的区别。 This is the first time that I have been here. （六）虚拟语气在状语从句中的用法    ①方式状语从句     由as if 或as though引导的状语从句可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实的情况，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实不符或与事实相反的情况。     ☆ 表示与现在事实不相符，用一般过去时     The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child. （这位学生并不是她的亲生孩子）     ☆ 表示与过去事实不相符，用过去完成时     I felt as though we had known each other for years. （其实并没有认识多年）      ☆ 表示与将来事实不相符，用would/might/could+do    It looks as if it might rain. 天看上去好像要下雨。（不大可能下雨）    对比：     He looks as if he is young. 看样子他好像很年轻。（他就是年轻）    He looks as if he were young. 看样子他好像很年轻。（实际上他不年轻）     ②目的状语从句     a. 由in case, lest, for fear that引导的目的状语从句，动词用“should + 动词原形”结构，表示忧虑或目的。    Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I (should) forget.    She emphasized it again and again, lest he (should) forget.     We  talked the matter over face to face for fear that there should be any misunderstanding.    b. 在in order that和so that引导的目的状语从句中，往往用can(could)或may(might)。     I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.  They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.     We will tell you the truth so that you can judge for yourself.    ③让步状语从句     让步状语从句指事实时，从句谓语动词用陈述语气。若从句内容表示现在和将来的假设情况，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气。     Though he (should) fail, there would still be hope.    I should say the same thing even if he were here.     Whether he (should) succeed or fail, we shall have to do our part.    However hard it might rain rains, we shall go there together.  No matter what his social position (might) be, a man is equal in the eye of the law.  （七）虚拟语气在其他情况中 1. if only (但愿,要是…就好了)后接从句也用虚拟语气,其用法与wish类似。  If only you had worked with greater care!    (but you didn't work with greater care)  If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train! (but we didn't arrive in time)  If only I had enough money! If only she would win!但愿她能赢! 与此句型容易混淆的还有一种结构"only if...",only置于if前表示强调if条件,意为"只要„„",用于引导陈述语气的真实条件句。  Only if you study hard, you will pass the test. 只要你努力学习,就会通过考试。 2. 动词hope, intend, mean, plan, want, think等词用过去完成的形式，表示的意思为‘本想，本打算，本认为’ He had meant to buy the furniture last week, but it rained.（他上周本打算去买那件家具，但却下雨了） I had thought he had been dead for at least 20 years. I had hoped that she would go to the USA and study there, but she said she liked to stay in China. 3. 表示愿望的感叹句    在表示祝愿的感叹句中，用动词原形，表示愿望。    Long live the People's Republic of China! 中华人民共和国万岁！    May you be happy! 祝您快乐！    God bless you! 上帝保佑你！    Success attend you! 祝你成功！    The Lord save us! 愿主救我们！ 16．It is strongly recommended that the machine ______ maintained every year for safety reasons. A．be B．will be C．is D．has been 17．I would rather Tom ______ to see me in the office instead of at home tomorrow. A．would come B．had come C．came D．is coming 18．If I were you, I ______the chance to go abroad. A．will seize B．would have seize C．seize D．would seize 19．The woman insisted that the lost child _____ to store’s information desk so his parents could be informed. A．be taken B．was taken C．taking D．must be taken 20．I________ to return early but they just wouldn’t let me go. A．intended B．have intended C．was intending D．had intended 21．He recommended she________ some research about what a healthy candy would contain. A．do B．did C．would do D．to do 22．I wish I the Great Wall with you tomorrow, but I’m preparing for the coming exam. A．would climb B．had climbed C．to climb D．will climb 23．If the electric light ________ invented, people ________ in darkness during night at that time. A．were not; could have lived B．were not; could live C．had not been; could have lived D．had not been; could live 24．It’s a pity that such a talent as Jerry ______ leave his favourite work in that company. A．need B．could C．should D．may 25．I strongly recommend that she _______ some kind of exercise in the morning. A．does B．did C．do D．have done 26．The committee has approved his ______ that he put off his gap year till he finishes the research. A．application B．wisdom C．arrangement D．request 27．The manager recommended that the fresh graduate ______ a chance and decided to help the young man ______ smoking. A．be given; addicted to B．should give; addicted to C．would be given; addicting to D．should be giving; addicting to 28．Richard is so tired after work that he feels ________ he could sleep for 24 hours. A．as if B．even though C．in case D．now that 29．—I failed in the interview, because I didn’t introduce myself completely within three minutes. —You___________ the details. The main points are more important than details. A．should omit B．must omit C．should have omitted D．must have omitted 30．________ in the future to bridge the gender gap and diversity in the scientific field? A．Do you suggest what we can do B．What do you suggest that we should do C．Do you suggest what can we do D．What do you suggest we do 31．He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to. A．referred to being B．referring to being C．referred to be D．referring to be 32．He might have already recovered from his illness ________ the fact that he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice. A．if it was not for B．were it not for C．if it should not be for D．had it not been for 33．If he ______ hard at high school, he ______ a college student now. A．studied; is B．had studied; is C．studied; would be D．had studied; would be 34．It seemed as if the world________ to an end. A．is coming B．were coming C．was coming D．has come 35．The surgeon recommended the patient ________ in no time. A．to be operated B．operate on C．should operate D．be operated on 模块三 当堂检测（难度两星） 36．They demanded that the workers’ working conditions (improve) as soon as possible. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．Doctors recommended that the drug (take) off the market.（所给词的适当形式填空） 38．He insisted that we (change) our schedule, though no one really agreed with him. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．He insisted that he (be) not old and that he (send) there to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 40．If only I (fly) like a bird. (所给词的适当形式填空) 41．It is necessary that we (master) at least one foreign language. (所给词的适当形式填空) 42．It’s about time that he (go) to bed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 43．Take your raincoat in case it (rain). (所给词的适当形式填空) 44．His suggestion is that we (go) to watch the football match. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．I suggest (that) we (go) out to eat. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．Finally, I suggest we (have) more English activities, such as English contests and festivals. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．Who do you suggest (send) to work on the farm?(所给词的适当形式填空) 48． he leave today, he would get there by Friday. （用适当的词填空） 49．It is recommended that detailed eye examination (do)every six months. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．The teacher demanded that all the students (hand) in their cellphones. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．It is required that homework (finish) on your own. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52．It is urged by university students that the library (keep) open during the vacation. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53．I wish I (not try) to repair the bike, for I only made it worse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54．He is involved in the trouble now. If only he (listen) to his parents! (所给词的适当形式填空) 55．If they (consider) everything, they would not have made such a mistake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56．The disheartened girl listened as if she (turn) into a stone.( 所给词的适当形式填空) 57．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events (happen) only yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58．When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it (be) broken. （所给词的适当形式填空） 59．Had I created all my characters and places upfront, I may (ruin) the whole thing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60．The lady insisted she had done nothing wrong and that she (treat)properly. （所给词的适当形式填空） 61．It’s our desire that you (provide) some money to fund our program, as well as offer us some practical suggestions. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 62．Obviously, it is high time that we (take) effective measures to tackle the problem. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63．I requested that the trip (schedule) to start tomorrow. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64． (be) I a bird, I would fly to see you at once. (所给词的适当形式填空) 65．We recommend that he (type) a name that is meaningful to him for the chatroom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66．If motorists (avoid) speeding on highways, there would not be more traffic accidents reported. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67． it snow tomorrow, I would take the subway to work. (用适当的词填空) 68．The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would (accomplish) the task in half the time.(所给词的适当形式填空) 69．For a beginner of sports, it is highly recommendable that the time for training (length) little by little. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70．The boss requested that all the bags (pack) within two days. (所给词的适当形式填空) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. No Filming at Concerts and Movie Theaters on Phones “Please, no flash photography.” Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t discourage people from taking photos of 71 they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places 72 people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may block that rule-breaking feature—on phones at least. The patent, 73 (award) to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues, like concert halls or theaters, to use an infrared emitter (红外发射器) to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command 74 (block) the user from taking any photos or videos. Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows 75 they object to the free footage circulating around the web. 76 this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent 77 (introduce) into iPhone software, with venues putting infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening. But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to 78 with more immoral intentions. Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just 79 (patent) the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to avoid 80 (use) the prohibitive software. Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. DNA analysis reveals two waves of migration The results of the study, published in the Science Bulletin, revealed two major migration waves in history. In this pioneering study, scientists from Fudan University 81 (dig) into the ancient DNA of individuals buried in Gansu province, revealing interesting insights into the genetic makeup of Hexi Corridor residents dating back over 12 centuries. The research employed ancient DNA data 82 (explore) human migration along the Hexi Corridor. The Hexi Corridor, was a narrow yet crucial link 83 (connect) the heartland of ancient China to the Western Territory. Characterized by its lofty mountains and deserts, the ancient pathway was dotted with cities 84 (found) along short rivers. Historical documents attest (证实) to the Hexi Corridor’s significance as a crossroads 85 Western and Eastern civilizations mixed through trade, religion and occasional conflicts following the establishment of the Silk Road during the Han Dynasty. 86 technological advances in biology open new avenues for exploration, archaeologists are increasingly drawn to analyzing DNA samples. Led by Wen Shaoqing from Fudan University’s Institute of Archaeological Science, the team successfully extracted DNA data 87 the teeth and bones found at two sites near Dunhuang. The DNA analysis pinpointed two outliers (异常样本) dating to the Wei Dynasty and the Tang. Further examination revealed one had approximately 50 percent western Eurasian ancestry and   88 30 percent, suggesting the individuals were likely descendants of unions between western Eurasian women and local men. 89 the team concluded was that the genetic mix could be partially attributed to those migrations. Experts said the second major migration period   90 (mark) by a significant shift in the gene pool. Historical records say migration facilitated by Chinese explorer Zhang Qian’s visit to the Western Territory from 138 BC resulted in the creation of the Silk Road. 参考答案： 1．(should) make 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求我们为即将到来的期末考试做好充分的准备。request后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形。故填(should) make。 2．to focus/focus 【详解】考查动词不定式和虚拟语气用法。句意：专家要求青少年专注于他们正在做的事情，并对自己的行为负责。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语request sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式作宾语补足语；此处也可为虚拟语气用法，request后接宾语从句（此处省略了引导词that）要用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用(should) do，should可以省略。故填to focus/ focus。 3．were 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他的英语说得很流利，就好像他是土生土长的英国人一样，所以你可以自由地和他交谈。as if 后引导的方式状语从句要使用虚拟语气，表示和现在情况相反，时态用一般过去时，be动词用were，故填were。 4．hadn’t tried 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望我没有修理这部手机！我让事情变得更糟了。wish意为“希望”，后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，结合I only made it worse.可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，用过去完成时，故填hadn’t tried。 5．should be encouraged/be encouraged 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：我的建议是，应该鼓励更多来自各行各业的人怀着对这些孩子更深的爱来资助这个项目。分析句子结构可知，此处应为表语从句的谓语，suggestion意为“建议”，其后的表语从句的谓语动词形式应为“should+动词原形”，且should可以省略，encourage与主语“more people from all walks of life”之间为被动关系，所以此处应为should be encouraged，且should可以省略。故填(should) be encouraged。 6．focused 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我丈夫总是谈论经济，但我宁愿他多关注一下我们孩子的教育。分析句子结构可知，此处应为“would rather+从句”结构，从句中的谓语动词通常使用虚拟语气，根据并列句的谓语动词is always talking可知，此处表示的是现在的情况，所以谓语动词应使用一般过去时，focus与句子主语he之间为主动关系。故填focused。 7． demanding should work/work demands 【详解】考查形容词、虚拟语气、名词。句意：因为这是一项要求很高的任务，经理要求我们加班以满足顾客的要求。①处使用形容词demanding“要求高的”，作定语，修饰名词task。demanded后为that引导的宾语从句，demand的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should也可以省略，②处使用should work或work。③处用名词demand“要求”，结合句意可知，要求不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作meet的宾语。故填①demanding②should work或work③demands。 8．(should) be restored 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)世界遗产中心为了防止埃及的部分文物倒塌，一再敦促对其进行修复。空处应填谓语动词，表示建议、要求或命令的动词urge/advise/suggest/command/demand,etc.其后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词应用(should)+动词原形，should可以省略，从句主语some cultural relics与restore之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填(should) be restored。 9．should 【详解】考查（should）do虚拟语气和部分倒装。句意：凯特建议我不仅要去参加晚会，还要在舞会上表演。动词suggest意为“建议”，其后的宾语从句中应用（should）do虚拟语气，从句中not only位于句首，所以句子应用部分倒装。故填should。 10．If 【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：“如果不是打网球，我可能还在家里帮家人做农活”，王说。分析句子可知，此处为if引导的条件状语从句用虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，首字母大写。故填If。 11．had continued 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我相信如果我继续跳舞的话，我会失去他的。根据主句would have lost him可知是虚拟语气，且表示对过去事情的相反，故从句谓语用had +过去分词。故填had continued。 12．had 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：对不起，我现在太忙了。如果我有时间，我一定会和你一起去看电影。根据语境和句子结构分析，此句为虚拟语气句子，根据I am too busy now，可知此句是对现在的虚拟，句子从句用一般过去时，主句用would/could/should/might+do。故填had。 13．had been 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有些人对南极洲的描述如此神秘。要是我以前去过那里就好了！If only引导的条件状语从句，对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语用过去完成时。故填had been。 14．(should) be sent 【详解】考查虚拟语气与被动语态。句意：这些申请表必须尽早寄回。It is essential that...“……是至关重要的”，that从句中要用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形，should可省略，从句中动词send与主语these application forms为动宾关系，故应用被动语态should be sent，should可省略。故填(should) be sent。 15．had offered 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果哈罗德让我们搭车回家，我们昨天就不会叫出租车了。offer“提供，表示愿意”。由前文wouldn’t have called可知，此处是对过去的虚拟，时态应用过去完成时。故填had offered。 16．A 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：出于安全考虑，强烈建议每年对机器进行维护。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查that引导的主语从句的谓语动词，前面有recommend，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略，be是动词原形。故选A。 17．C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我宁愿汤姆明天来办公室找我，而不是在家里。would rather后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，根据后文tomorrow可知表示与将来事实相反用一般过去时，应用came。故选C。 18．D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会抓住出国的机会。根据从句If I were you可知，这里是If引导的虚拟条件句，表示对现在情况的虚拟，主句的谓语应用would do的形式。故选D。 19．A 【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：这位女士坚持要把走失的孩子带到商店的咨询台，以便通知他的父母。insist作“坚持”讲时其后宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“should+动词原形”，should可省；主语child和take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；此处用be done构成含情态动词的被动语态。综上，故选A。 20．D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我本打算早点回来，但他们就说不让我走。结合句意表达“本打算做某事（而未做）”用had intended to do，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故选D。 21．A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议她做一些关于健康糖果含有什么的研究。分析句子可知，“recommended”后为宾语从句，空处为从句谓语；在英语中，recommend后接宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略。故选A。 22．A 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望明天能和你一起去爬长城，但是我正在为即将到来的考试做准备。wish后面的宾语从句表示不太可能实现的愿望，应用虚拟语气，由tomorrow可知，表示与将来事实相反，应用could/would+动词原形，故选A。 23．C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果电灯没有被发明出来，那时的人们就会生活在黑暗中。分析句子结构可知，本句中If引导了一个非真实条件句，结合句意和句中的at that time可知，这里表示对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语应用过去完成时，主句谓语应用could/might/should/would have done的形式。结合选项可知，故选C。 24．C 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：像杰瑞这样的人才竟然离开了他最喜欢的工作，真是太遗憾了。“It is a pity+that从句”意为“竟然；居然”时，表示出乎意料的事情，that后的从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”。故选C。 25．C 【详解】考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：我强烈建议她早上做些运动。that引导的句子为宾语从句，recommend建议，表示“建议”的动词后的宾语从句中谓语部分应该用should do结构，should可以省略。do some exercise做一些运动。故选C。 26．D 【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：委员会已经批准了他的请求，要求他推迟空档年，直到他完成研究。A. application申请； B. wisdom智慧；C. arrangement安排；D. request请求。根据句意以及由后文同位语使用虚拟语气可知，这里指同意他推迟空档年的“请求”。故选D项。 27．A 【详解】考查虚拟语气、形容词。句意：经理建议给这位应届毕业生一个机会，并决定帮助那个抽烟成瘾的年轻人。分子句子结构，这是一个并列句，第一个句子使用了虚拟语气，根据虚拟语气的用法，动词recommend后面的宾语从句应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should+动词原形的形式，should可以省略，因第一个空白处在句子中作谓语且，give与主语the fresh graduate之间为为被动关系，所以应使用(should) be +过去分词；分析第二个句子，空白处在句子中做后置定语，其逻辑主语是the young man，应使用V-ed形式的形容词，addicted to为固定短语，含义为“对……成瘾的”，符合句意，所以填be given; addicted to，故选A项。 28．A 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：Richard下班后太累了，他觉得自己好像能睡24小时。A. as if好像，似乎；B. even though尽管，即使；C. in case万一，假使；D. now that既然。根据空前的Richard is so tired after work that he feels和空后的从句he could sleep for 24 hours可知，表示与将来事实相反的情况，因此空处可用表示虚拟语气的连词as if。故选A项。 29．C 【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——我面试失败了，因为我没有在三分钟内完成自我介绍。——你本应该省略这些细节的。要点比细节更重要。对过去事情的虚拟或推测用“情态动词+have done”。should have done sth“本应该做某事”，表示实际上没有做。must have done sth“一定做了某事”，表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。由句意可知，本句是对过去事情的虚拟，故排除选项A和B；面试失败了，所以是“本应该省略一些细节的”，故填should have omitted。故选C。 30．D 【详解】考查插入语。句意：你建议我们今后如何弥合科学领域的性别差距和多样性？分析句子可知，本句原本应为what should we do， do you suggest为插入语，应放在特殊疑问词后，do you suggest后应用陈述语序，且suggest后应用虚拟语气，should可以省略，所以可构成What do you suggest we do。故选D项。 31．C 【详解】考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子成分可知，suggested后为that引导的宾语从句，从句应用虚拟语气(should) do，又因宾语从句的主语为the problems，所以谓语动词应为(should) be paid；refer to“涉及，提到”与the problems是被动关系，应为过去分词形式作后置定语修饰前面的名词the problems。故选C。 32．D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他没有听从医生的建议，他可能已经康复了。由主句中的might have recovered可知，这是对过去发生的事情的虚拟，所以if条件句中应该用过去完成时态，即if it had not been for...，在if引导的条件句中，如果if被省略，则把had提前，变为had it not been for...，故选D。 33．D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他在高中时努力学习的话，他现在就是一名大学生了。study“学习”，be“是”。结合句意可知，If引导的条件状语从句，是对过去的假设，从句时态用过去完成时，用had studied；而主句是对现在的假设，时态用过去将来时，用would be。故选D。 34．B 【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：仿佛世界末日即将来临。因指的是过去的事情，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去进行时表示过去将来，as if表示“仿佛”，后接从句要用虚拟语气，be动词用were；come to an end表示“结束”。故选B。 35．D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：外科医生建议病人马上动手术。英语中表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；分析句子可知，“the patient ________ in no time”是动词recommended(建议)后宾语从句，应使用虚拟语气；从句中谓语operate on(给……动手术)与主语patient(病人)之间是被动关系，用虚拟语气和被动语态形式should be operated on，should可省略。故选D项。 36．be improved/should be improved 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：他们要求尽快改善工人的工作条件。demand意为“要求”，其后的that引导的宾语从句中要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，工作条件是被改善，因此空格处用被动语态“(should) be improved”，故填(should) be improved。 37．(should) be taken 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：医生建议将这种药撤出市场。recommend后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，且主语the drug与谓语动词take off是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填(should) be taken。 38．change/should change 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他坚持要我们改变日程安排，尽管没有人真正同意他的意见。insist表示坚持要求，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故填change/should change。 39． was (should) be sent 【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意：他坚持说他年纪不大，要派他去那里工作。insist翻译为“坚持说”题干中是insisted，第一个空用一般过去时，第二个空insist翻译为“坚持要求”，后面的从句用should+动词原形，should可以省略，he和send是被动关系，用被动语态。故填was；(should) be sent。 40．could fly 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是我能像鸟一样飞就好了。if only后的句子的谓语动词表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时，能够飞翻译为could fly。故填could fly。 41．master＃＃should master 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们要至少掌握一门外语，这是十分必要的。It is important/necessary/impossible... that...句式中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故答案为should master或者master。 42．went /should go 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：该是他睡觉的时候了。此处考查句型It’s (about) time that...，意为“该是……的时候了。”，that引导的从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，用一般过去时或should+动词原形。故填went /should go。 43．rains/should rain 【详解】考查动词时态和虚拟。句意：带上你的雨衣，以防下雨。in case引导目的状语从句，意为“以免，以防”，从句用陈述语气时，后接一般现在时态，从句主语为it，故动词用第三人称单数rains；也可用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”。故填rains/should rain. 44．should go/go 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他的建议是我们应该去看足球赛。that从句是表语从句，此处suggestion表示“建议”，作主语，表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填(should) go。 45．should go/go 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我建议我们出去吃饭。根据所给句中“suggest（建议）”可知，此处需要使用should型虚拟，即suggest +从句，从句谓语为should+动词原形，should可以省略。故答案为should go或go。 46．should have/have 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：最后，我建议我们有更多的英语活动，比如英语比赛和节日。suggest“建议”后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分为“(should)+动词原形”。故填（should) have。 47．be sent 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：你建议派谁去农场干活? 分析句子可知，send是动词suggest后宾语从句中谓语动词，应用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”，即(should) send；又因send与其主语Who之间是被动词关系，所以应用被动语态(should) be sent，should可省略。故填be sent。 48．Should 【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果他今天出发，星期五就能到那里。结合句意和主句谓语动词would get可知，此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，与将来的事实相反，从句谓语动词可用did/were to do/should do；根据动词原形leave可知，此处为should do；当从句有should时，可省略if，并将should置于主语之前。综上，故填Should。 49．be done/should be done 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：建议每六个月做一次详细的眼部检查。分析句子结构可知，此处是It is recommended that句型中，主语从句中应该用虚拟语气，动词形式为（should)+ 动词原形， should 可以省略，又从句中主语是eye examination和do之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态。故填(should)be done。 50．(should) hand 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师要求所有的学生上交手机。demand后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填（should）hand。 51．should be finished/be finished 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：家庭作业必须自己完成。It is required that...从句使用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。从句主语homework与finish之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。根据句意，故填(should) be finished。 52．should be kept/be kept 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：大学生们极力主张图书馆假期开放。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，urged表示“极力主张”，主语从句应用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分用“should+动词原形”，should可省略，且从句主语library和动词keep之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填(should) be kept。 53．had not tried 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望我没有努力去修自行车，因为我只把它弄得更糟了。分析句子，设空处表示对过去事实的虚拟，故使用过去完成。故填had not tried。 54．had listened 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他现在卷入了麻烦。要是他听了父母的话就好了！此处考查if only引导的虚拟语气，用于表示与过去相反的愿望，用过去完成时。故填had listened。 55．had considered 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们考虑了一切，就不会犯这样的错误。根据“they would not have made such a mistake”可知，此处是指与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用had done。动词consider意为“考虑”。故填had considered。 56．had been turned 【详解】考查虚拟语气用法和动词短语。句意：那个沮丧的女孩听着，好像她已经变成了一块石头。分析句子可知，此处为as if引导的方式状语从句，从句需用虚拟语气用法，由主句动词listened为过去时可知，表示与过去事实相反的假设，此处从句动词应为过去完成时；表示“被变成”应为动词短语be turned into。故填had been turned。 57．had happened 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：童年的记忆清晰地浮现在我的脑海中，就好像这些事情就发生在昨天。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查as if引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气结构，这句话描述的是过去的事情，用对过去的虚拟，从句谓语用过去完成时had done。故填had happened。 58．were 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：当一支铅笔的一部分放在一杯水里时，它看起来好像断了。根据句意，此处考查as if引导的表语从句的虚拟语气， 表示与现在事实相反的情况，应用一般过去时，be动词使用were。故填were。 59．have ruined 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我一开始就创造了所有的角色和地点，我可能会毁了整个游戏。由Had I和句意可知，句子是对过去的虚拟，主句用“情态动词+have done”，因此空格处是have ruined。故填have ruined。 60．should be treated/ be treated 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位女士坚持说她没有做错任何事，并坚决要求被正确对待。分析句子结构，根据句中的insist的用法，当insist表示“坚持说”含义的时候，不使用虚拟语气，但是当表示“坚决要求”含义的时候，要使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用“should+动词原形”的形式，因空白处在从句中做谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，使用“should+be+过去分词”形式的被动语态，其中的情态动词should可以省略，故填(should) be treated。 61．should provide/provide 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们希望你们提供一些资金来资助我们的项目，并给我们一些实际的建议。it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，desire后面的从句用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填should provide或provide。 62．took/should take 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：显然，现在是我们采取有效措施解决这个问题的时候了。it is high time that意为“到了……的时候了”，为固定句式，从句谓语应用did/were或should do。故填took/should take。 63．should be scheduled#be scheduled 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我要求把这次旅行安排在明天开始。动词request后面that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，其中should可以省略，且从句的主语the trip和动词schedule之间是被动关系，所以从句的谓语动词用被动语态。故答案为should be scheduled或be scheduled。 64．Were 【详解】考查虚拟语气中的省略。句意：如果我是一只鸟，我马上就会飞过去看你。在虚拟语气中表示对现在情况的虚拟，be动词用were。此处为虚拟条件句应该为:：If I were a bird。此处省略了if的倒装句式，首字母大写。故填Were。 65． type/should type 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们建议他为聊天室输入一个对他有意义的名称。表示“建议、命令、要求和请求”等语气的动词后接宾语从句时，使用虚拟语气结构即that sb. should do，should可以省略；recommend意为“建议”符合此原则。故答案为 type/should type。 66．avoided 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果驾驶者在高速公路上避免超速行驶，就不会有更多的被报道的交通事故了。分析句子可知，此处为if引导虚拟语气句型中从句谓语动词的填入，结合句意以及主句动词would not be可知，此处应为对现在情况的假设，所以从句动词为一般过去时。故填avoided。 67．Should 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果明天下雨，我会乘坐地铁去工作。分析句子结构，该句子使用了虚拟语气。从句是省略了连词if进行倒装，补充完整为“If it ________ snow tomorrow”。由时间词“tomorrow”可知与将来事实相反，从句要用should+动词原形的结构，所以空处填should，空格置于句首，首字母要大写，即Should。故填Should。 68．have accomplished 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好地组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务了。accomplish为谓语动词，意为“完成”，根据前半句“The workers were not better organized”和“otherwise”可知，这是对过去情况的含蓄虚拟条件句。otherwise其后的句子表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：主语＋should (would, could, might) have done＋其他，设空前已有would。故填have accomplished。 69．be lengthened 【详解】考查动词。句意：对于刚开始运动的人来说，强烈建议慢慢延长训练时间。分析句子，句中it is recommendable that sb （should）do为虚拟语气，意为“推荐某人应该做某事”，该结构中should可以省略。故设空处使用该使用length的动词lengthen作主语从句的谓语动词，意为“延长”。同时the time 与lengthen之间的关系是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be lengthened。 70．should be packed/be packed 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老板要求所有的行李必须在两天内打包好。此处是that引导宾语从句的谓语，由request(要求)可知，request表示“命令，要求”时，其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略，主语all the bags和动词pack(打包)之间是被动关系，应用should be done的形式，should可以省略，故填(should) be packed。 71．what/whatever/something/anything 72．where 73．awarded 74．to block 75．because/as/since 76．Despite 77．is introduced 78．someone/those 79．patented 80．using 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。苹果公司刚刚为一个系统申请了专利，该系统将允许音乐厅或剧院等场所使用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。根据该专利，红外光束可以被相机拾取，并被智能手机解读为阻止用户拍摄任何照片或视频的命令。 71．考查连词或者代词。句意：像这样礼貌的要求在世界各地的博物馆都可以找到，但它们通常不会阻止人们拍摄自己喜欢的东西。分析句子可知，空格处为介词of的宾语。根据句意，此处指物，可译为“东西；事物”，可以用what(ever)连接宾语从句，或者something/anything为先行词，they feel like是省略了关系代词的定语从句。故填what(ever)/something/anything。 72．考查定语从句。句意：音乐会、电影院和其他人们经常忽视拍摄限制的地方也是如此。分析句子可知，此处是限定性定语从句。先行词为places，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。 73．考查过去分词。句意：在今天授予苹果的这项专利概述了一种系统，该系统将允许音乐厅或剧院等场所使用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词 The patent与award是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。故填awarded。 74．考查动词不定式。句意：根据该专利，红外光束可以被相机拾取，并被智能手机解读为阻止用户拍摄任何照片或视频的命令。分析句子可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词。根据句意，此处是非谓语动词作定语修饰command ，表目的，应用动词不定式。故填to block。 75．考查状语从句。句意：许多音乐家和表演者已经禁止手机参加他们的演出，因为他们反对网络上流传的免费视频。分析句子可知，空格处应填入状语从句的引导词。由句意可知，此处表示原因，应用because/as/since引导原因状语从句。故填because/as/since。 76．考查介词。句意：尽管如此，图像仍然会泄露出去。分析句子可知，空格处应填入介词。根据句意，此处指“虽然；尽管”，应用介词despite，置于句首，首字母应大写。故填Despite。 77．考查动词的时态、语态以及虚拟语气。句意：如果苹果的专利被引入iPhone软件，在舞台周围放置红外发射器，这样的泄漏可能会停止发生。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据主句内容可知，此处条件状语从句应用一般现在时态。主语Apple’s patent 与动词introduce是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填is introduced。 78．考查代词。句意：但这项专利也引发了人们的疑问，即这项技术将把什么样的权力交给意图更不道德的人。分析句子可知，空格处应填入代词作宾语。根据句意，此处指人，应使用someone/those作宾语。故填someone/those。 79．考查时态。句意：考虑到该公司在警方要求侵入用户设备时对个人隐私的严格支持，苹果可能只是为这项技术申请了专利，这样其他人就不会使用它。分析句子可知，空格处作谓语。根据上文可知，“苹果为这项技术申请专利”已经发生，故用一般过去时。故填patented。 80．考查动名词。句意：但谁知道呢，如果它真的打算在未来的操作系统中引入这一功能，摄像机甚至GoPros的销售可能会得到急需的提振，因为人们试图避免使用这种令人望而却步的软件。根据空前的 avoid 可知，空格处应填入动名词作宾语。故填using。 81．dug/have dug 82．to explore 83．connecting 84．founded 85．where 86．As 87．from 88．the other 89．What 90．was marked 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了发表在《科学公报》上的研究结果揭示了历史上两次主要的移民浪潮。在这项开创性的研究中，复旦大学的科学家们挖掘了甘肃省埋葬的个体的古代DNA，揭示了12世纪前河西走廊居民基因组成的有趣见解。该研究利用古代DNA数据来探索河西走廊沿线的人类迁徙。 81．考查时态。句意：在这项开创性的研究中，复旦大学的科学家们挖掘了甘肃省埋葬的个体的古代DNA，揭示了12世纪前河西走廊居民基因组成的有趣见解。此处作谓语，可理解为发生在过去用一般过去时，也可用现在完成时，主语为scientists，助动词用have。故填dug/have dug。 82．考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究利用古代DNA数据来探索河西走廊沿线的人类迁徙。短语employ sth. to do sth.表示“利用某物做某事”。故填to explore。 83．考查非谓语动词。句意：河西走廊是连接古代中国中心地带和西域的一条狭窄而重要的通道。分析句子结构可知connect与link构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填connecting。 84．考查非谓语动词。句意：这条古老的古道以高山和沙漠为特征，沿着短河流点缀着城市。此处cities与found构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填founded。 85．考查定语从句。句意：历史文献证明了河西走廊作为东西方文明的十字路口的重要意义，在这里，随着汉朝丝绸之路的建立，东西方文明通过贸易、宗教和偶尔的冲突融合在一起。定语从句修饰先行词crossroads，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 86．考查状语从句。句意：随着生物学技术的进步为探索开辟了新的途径，考古学家越来越热衷于分析DNA样本。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”应用as，首字母大写。故填As。 87．考查介词。句意：在复旦大学考古科学研究所温少青的带领下，研究小组成功地从敦煌附近两个遗址中发现的牙齿和骨头中提取了DNA数据。此处表示“从……中”应用介词from。故填from。 88．考查短语。句意：进一步的研究显示，其中一人有大约50%的西部欧亚血统，另一人有30%的西部欧亚血统，这表明这些人可能是西部欧亚女性和当地男性结合的后代。根据上文two outliers可知，此处指两者中的另一个，应用the other。故填the other。 89．考查主语从句。句意：研究小组得出的结论是，基因混合可以部分归因于这些迁徙。引导主语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what，首字母大写。故填What。 90．考查时态语态。句意：专家表示，第二次大迁徙时期的标志是基因库发生了重大变化。主语second major migration period与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文said可知用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was marked。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$