考点05 强调句和省略句（核心语法，知识精细化梳理）-【全优新高考】2025年新高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略（上海专用）

考点05 强调句和省略句 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：省略句 模块三：核心考点梳理：强调句 模块四：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 1．It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (用适当的词填空) 2．It’s the planet’s intense heat causes it to glow. (用适当的词填空) 3．It was not until the beginning of this century we truly got rid of poverty and created a bright future. (用适当的词填空) 4．Researchers claim that young people may risk going deaf if (expose) to very loud music on a daily basis. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The twins cheered up and did as (tell). (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．When deeply (absorb) in his phone, he didn’t notice his mother approaching. （所给词的适当形式填空） 7．Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if (root) to the spot. （所给词的适当形式填空） 8．It is by learning cooking I have strengthened my relationship with my parents. (用适当的词填空) 9．It was my headteacher I respect most helped me out whenever I was in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 10．No one will be allowed to enter the private club unless (privilege). (所给词的适当形式填空) 模块二 核心考点梳理：省略句 省略句是我们在学习英语过程中能不断体验收获和趣味的一种惯用手法，无论是说话还是写作，都要求生动活泼，简明扼要。按照语法的分析, 有时句子应具备的成分出于修辞上的需要, 会缺少一个或几个句子语法结构所必要的语言成分，但在一定语境中可独立存在，仍能表达其意义完整并发挥交流功能的句子则被称为省略句。省略的结果不仅能使句子结构更加精练，而且可起到连接上下文并使相邻词语达到强调的作用。 省略句的分类 （一）句中成分的省略 1. 主语的省略 Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I） Come on! 得了吧（你）！（Come前省略了主语You） 2. 谓语的省略 John is a lawyer，his wife (is) a cleaner. Some of us study Japanese，others (study) English. 3. 表语的省略 She was a lover of sports as(因为) she had been in her youth(在她年轻的时候).（had been后面省略了a lover of sports） 4. 宾语的省略 Let’s do the cases. I’ll read and you’ll type.（read和 type后面省略了宾语cases） 5. 定语的省略 I spent part of the money, and the rest I gave.（the rest后面省略了定语of the money） 6. 状语的省略 She wasn’t cry. Strange! （Strange前面省略了状语how） （二）句中结构的省略 1. 简单句的省略 1）名词所有格之后的省略 He is going to his uncle’s (house). 2) 含there be结构中的省略 (Is there) Anything wrong? 3) 独立主格结构中的分词如为being或having been时的省略 The examination (being) over, we all left the school. 4) 不定式的省略 （1）并列的不定式 Her job is to take care of the elders and (to) wash their clothes. （2）为避免重复, 作某些动词hope, want等宾语或tell, order, ask的宾补时，省略不定式短语, 只保留不定式符号to. The child wanted to play in the street, but her mother told her not to. （此句中 not to 后省略了和上文相重复的play in the street.） . （3）感官动词see, hear, feel, notice, hear或使役动词let, make, have,等后跟不定式作宾补时省略to. I saw the girl cross the street. I had my father repair my bike. 注意：当感官动词与使役动词用于被动时，需恢复to的省略! 如：The girl was seen to cross the street. （4）有had better, would rather, can’t but 或Why not等句型后面直接跟动词原形，实际上是接省to的不定式。 You had better tell me the truth. I could not but (to) laugh at him. Why not go and ask the teacher for help? （5）在回答问句及其它形式的答语中，如有和上文重复的不定式时，在答语中只保留其不定式符号to，而把动词和其它部分省略。 — Would you like to come to dinner tonight? — I'd like to. But I'm too busy. （ 此句中的I'd like to 后省略了come to dinner tonight.） 5) 介词（或介词短语）的省略 （1）动名词前面的介词in在一定条件下常被省略 We spent a large sum of money (in) building the mansion. 而当spend money in doing sth. 结构用于被动语态时in不能省略 A large sum of money was spent in building the mansion. （2）near或opposite作形容词表示“在…的附近”或“在…对面”时后接的介词to可省略 It is near (to) the airport, opposite (to) the supermarket. （3）of +形容词+名词作补语表示大小、年龄、形状、颜色或价格时of常被省略 We are（of）the same age, I suppose. （4）含有side, height, length, size, shape等惯用语前介词on有时可被省略 Try to keep your discourse（on）this side of 3000 words． （5）有些动词、名词、形容词习惯搭配介词短语, 在以what, when, how, whether, that出现的从句或不定式短语之前有时被省略介词短语as to. Be careful (as to) how you do that. 6) 同源宾语的省略 同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时可以省去该同源宾语 During the football match, the fans all shouted their loudest (shout). She sang her sweetest (song). 7) 英语中惯用的省略句型 即，What/How about后只跟名词、代词或动名词（短语），以及感叹句中的省略现象。 How about the two of us taking a walk down the garden? What a beautiful view (it is)! 2. 并列句中的省略 1) 并列句的省略是最常见的，一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。 To some smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard. 2) 简单句的并列结构中也常有省略的做法 We may go there by train or (by) air. 3）并列平行结构有时会出现在状语从句中 As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. （此句中，前一个分句带一个As引导的状语从句，状语从句中 move away from 后为并列平行结构，their…，their…，their…在and后的分句中，the confidence后省略了is cut off.） 3. 复合句中的省略 1） 复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复时从句的句尾部分可省掉 Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor). 2）含有定语从句的复合句 （1）定语从句中可以省略作宾语的关系代词；非正式文体中，也可省略关系副词when或why. I shall never forget the day (when) I entered TV University. I like the film for the very reason (why) you dislike it. （2）关系代词as后面的主谓结构也可省略 He gave the same answer as (he had given) before. 3）含有宾语从句的复合句 （1）在两个并列的that从句如主动词及其宾语、表语、状语等都一样时可将第二个that从句的主动词及随带成份省略。 I guess Lisa will dance in the party but Jane won't (dance in the party). （2）在两个并列的that从句如主语相同，而谓语不同，可把第二个that从句的连词和主语一起省略。 Tell Peter that I'll call to see him and (that I 'll ) have talk with him. （3）在两个并列从句如连词不同而其它成份相同时，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把两个连词连接起来。 Her parents don't know when (she was born) and where she was born. （4）在以某些形容词或过去分词，如：sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied的词所引导的宾语从句中，连词that可省略。 We aren’t sure which the best is. I was very pleased my friend had passed the exam. （5）在以which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句中，其谓语与主句谓语相同时省略全部谓语，有时甚至主语也可省略，只保留一个w h～的词。 He can’t go to school, but I don’t know why (he can’t go to school). 4）含有状语从句的复合句 状语从句中的省略原则是，如主语与主句主语一致，或主语是it，可省略从句的连接词、主语和be助动词，只保留分词和其它成分，从而使语言更加简洁明了。 （1）时间状语从句中的省略 I favor English when (I was) a pupil. （2）地点状语从句中的省略 The river is clean where (it is) deep. （3）让步状语从句中的省略 Although (she was) the youngest of the group, she won all the prizes. （4）方式状语从句中的省略 The baby closed his eyes as if ( he were ) to sleep. （5）条件状语从句中的省略 She won’t come unless (she is) invited. （6）原因状语从句中的省略 (If we were) Given more attention, the plants could have grown better. （7）比较状语从句中的省略 You can play the game just as wonderfully as I (do). 在以than和as引导的比较结构的状语从句中，省略某些与主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻的成分，可省掉整个as/than从句。 The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper. (than those in this shop), but (they are) not as good (as those in this shop). （8）状语从句中并列结构的省略 在复合句中，如两个并列的状语从句只是从属连词不同，其它相同时，则可省略一个状语从句，而把两个从属连词连接起来。 They will be arriving either before (the film begins) or after the film begins. 5）虚拟语气条件句中if的省略. 与If引导的条件从句中含有were, had时，可将if省略, 并用倒装结构。 Were I you , I wouldn’t go with him. 11．Many left-behind children, when ______ formal education, will probably show their talent in many aspects. A．receive B．received C．to receive D．receiving 12．—How is the man injured in the accident? —The doctor said if________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. A．treated B．treating C．is treated D．to be treated 13．Even if families are less likely to eat together than ______, millions of Britons still sit down for Christmas dinner. A．it had been before B．they had been before C．the case was once D．was once the case 14．When ________ to feel unworthy, children often work extra hard to please their parents. A．to make B．making C．made D．having made 15．Anyone will be fired if ________ in the test. A．catching cheating B．caught cheating C．to catch cheating D．caught cheated 16．The government quickly realized that, ________, the pollution will only get worse. A．unless properly dealt with B．if not properly dealing with C．if dealt not properly with D．unless dealt with it properly 17．Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life. A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised 18．Our living room ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 19．There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when ________ in time, can become bigger ones later on. A．aren’t dealt with B．not dealt with C．not having dealt with D．not being dealt with 20．Children, when ______ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. A．being accompanied B．to accompany C．accompanying D．accompanied 模块三 核心考点梳理：强调句 （一）定义 所谓强调，就是指要突出句子中的某一部分，使其显得更加重要。 （二）强调结构 一）强调谓语动词 强调谓语动词只能对肯定句的一般现在时和一般过去时进行强调。一般在谓语动词前面加助动词do, does或did。 He did write to you last week. I do hope you a merry Christmas. 二）强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分 强调人 强调物 It is /was +强调部分+that/who +其他成分 强调主语、宾语、状语 只能是单数 1、强调成分 1 强调主语或主语从句 It was Mary who/that met her old classmate in the park yesterday. It is what we do and how we do it that decide if we can succeed. 2 强调宾语或宾语从句 It was her old classmate who/that Mary met in the park yesterday. It was when he would go abroad that he asked Tom. 3 强调时间状语或时间状语从句 It was yesterday that Mary met her old classmate in the park. It was when he got back that he knew what had happened. 4 强调地点状语或地点状语从句 It was in the park that Mary met her old classmate yesterday. It was where he went yesterday that he lost his bag. 5 强调原因状语或原因状语从句 It was because of the bad weather that he postponed his trip. It is because he had worked hard on his lesson that he passed the final exam. 注意：该句型可强调because引导原因状语从句，但通常不能强调由 since, as引导的原因状语从句，另外也不强调由although引导的让步状语从句。 2、疑问形式 Jim told us the news. (非强调句) It was Jim that told us the news. (强调句型的陈述句形式) Was it Jim that told us the news. (强调句型的一般疑问句形式) Who was it that told us the news. (强调句型的特殊疑问句形式) 总结： ①一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that+其他? Was it in 1939 that The Second World War broke out? ②特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was+it +that+其他? What was it that made you so happy? Who was it that phoned just now? ③反意疑问句的强调句型 It was at ten last night that I knew the news, wasn’t it? ④对特殊疑问句的强调置于从句中时：注意语序 I don’t know what it is that makes you sad. 3、时态 强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是过去的相应时态用It was...，是现在和将来的相应时态用It is.... It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. It's Mary who/that has done such terrible things. It's Mary who/that will go to see the doctor tomorrow. 4、not…until的强调形式 强调含有not until的句子在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。 e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 5、强调句与主语从句的区别 主语从句译成中文时不可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼，若删去“It is / was...that...”，则原句不成立。而强调句型若删去“It is / was...that / who...”，原句结构与语意均完整，译成中文时，常可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼。 It is true that he once went to America. It was at 8 o’clock that he came back. 6、强调句与状语从句的区别 It was at 7:00 that I arrived.正是在7:00时，我到了。(强调句型，强调时间状语at 7:00) It was 7:00 when I arrived.当我到达时，时间是7:00。(时间状语从句，在7:00前无介词at) 7、含有定语从句的强调句型 在被强调的名词后再设计一个以该名词为先行词的定语从句，这时不要把定语从句当作强调句。 It was this school where (in which) he once studied that gave him a chance of teaching. 三）双重否定表强调 Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks. There is no rule that has no exception. 四）What引导的主语从句表强调 What he did was help the police catch the thief. What really matters is cooperation. 五）倒装表强调 Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem. 六）比较状语表强调 Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past. 21．It was playing computer games ______took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A．that B．what C．which D．it 22．It was not until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended that ________ to his hometown. A．did he return B．didn’t he returned C．he returned D．he didn’t return 23．It ______Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago. A．was B．is C．are D．were 24．It is in the village________we used to live ________the film was made. A．that; where B．where; that C．which; that D．that; which 25． was this dictionary I borrowed in the library. A．It; that B．This; which C．It; who D．That; when 26．It was the training ________ he had at school ________ made him a good jumper. A．what; what B．what; that C．that; that D．that; what 27．It was in the street _______ I went shopping with you last week ________ I met Zhang Hua, our old classmate. A．where ; that B．which ; when C．that ; that D．that ; which 28．It was not until he came back home ______ he knew what had happened. A．that B．which C．when D．while 29．I______ come here yesterday. I just stood here. A．do B．does C．did D．done 30．It was ________ 11th December ________ Xu Chengcheng got the first prize in National English Speech Competition. A．in; when B．in; that C．on; when D．on; that 模块四 当堂检测（难度两星） 31．Get up early tomorrow. If , you will miss the early bus. (用适当的词填空) 32．Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which (regard) as an art form. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．It wasn’t until in high school I began to trust other people again. (用适当的词填空) 34．Chinese medicine might be slowly in curing the patient of the disease, but it has less serious side effects even if (take) frequently, for each medicinal herb is prescribed (开处方) for the benefit of the patient, causing no harm to the liver or the kidneys. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．When (ask) about the secret of his success, the famous athlete said that it resulted from his wife and children’s consistent support. (所给词的适当形式填空) 36．They could be interpreted a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if (accompany) by a gentle smile. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．When (speak) by a stranger, they can function as a (mean) of attracting your attention. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．The new hybrid grains are firmer than natural grains, and when (cook) they maintain their traditional appearance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．He couldn’t make out why it was she refused to admit there was a problem in her plan. （用适当的词填空） 40．John couldn’t make out why it was Lucy refused to admit there was a problem in her plan. (用适当的词填空) 41．It was only when he finally drifted off to sleep the headaches eased. (用适当的词填空) 42．Although it was ten years ago I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends, always pushing us to move on. (用适当的词填空) 43．If (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44．To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly, will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．Knowing some tips will help (sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．As (plan), it will be held on the playground from 5 p. m. to 8 p. m. next Sunday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．These mountains are a splendid sight when (view) from the valley floor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48．These bad habits, if not (stop), could result in more serious problems when they become adults. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49．When (permit), you can have access to the Internet in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．I learned this while (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to swallow a hook. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music? (用适当的词填空) 52．More importantly,it is the famous tourist attractions of Beijing attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.(用适当的词填空) 53．It was not until I settled down and lived in Beijing I had a chance to pay a visit to the Great Wall. （用适当的词填空） 54．It was the driver rather than the students that (be)responsible for the accident. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 55．It was not until the teacher had told him he realized his mistakes. (用适当的词填空) 56．I have to say it is through failures I have learned so much, which builds up my confidence to overcome any challenge ahead.（用适当的词填空） 57．The researchers are still working hard to figure out it was that caused the disease. (用适当的词填空) 58．While the Qinling Mountains have long been known as the northern edge of giant panda habitat, was only in 2005 that the Qinling panda was recognized as a distinct subspecies of giant panda. (用适当的词填空) 59．It wasn’t until the day I set foot into the museum I could genuinely comprehend and fully embrace the profound beauty and cultural significance these masterpieces held. (用适当的词填空) 60．Could it have been the other day Tom saw Mary seated and dressing herself on the bed? (用适当的词填空) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the fall of 1903, O. Henry was living in a room at the small Hotel Marty in New York City. He had published a few stories in local magazines, but was still relatively unknown when editors at the New York World newspaper sent a young reporter 61 (track) down this mysterious writer. By the next day, O. Henry had an agreement with the newspaper to write one story a week for the magazine section of their Sunday edition. The World had 62 (large) daily circulation in the world, and O. Henry’s stories about New York life became immensely popular. By the time he left the newspaper after less than three years, O. Henry had established his reputation 63 a gifted storyteller and master of surprise endings. O. Henry was the pen name used by William Sydney Porter, who was born in North Carolina. At the age of twenty, he moved to Texas. 64 he held a variety of jobs, eventually becoming a bank teller. He married and became a reporter and columnist for the Houston Post. After a few years, his wife 65 (diagnose) with a serious infectious disease, and he was accused of illegally taking the money of the bank where he worked. Some people have claimed 66 he was stealing money to help pay his wife’s medical bills. O. Henry fled to Central America, but his wife was too ill to accompany him. Months later, 67 her condition worsened, he returned and turned himself in to the police. His wife soon died, and O. Henry spent three years in prison in Ohio. It was during his time in prison that he began writing the stories that would make him famous. W. S. Porter 68 (emerge) from prison as O. Henry. In 1902 O. Henry moved to New York City and started trying to sell his stories. In a few years his luck changed for the better, and his position with the New York World helped make him a 69 (celebrate) author. He published more than three hundred stories and gained worldwide acclaim. O. Henry’s writing is admired for its colorful and realistic depictions of the everyday lives of New Yorkers. His stories are known for their plot twists and surprise endings. In fact, O. Henry’s own life ended with a “twist” — his funeral was somehow scheduled in the same church at the same time as someone else’s wedding! The O. Henry Award 70 (honor) the authors of the best stories printed each year in American magazines. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Animal-rights activists often complain that cute beasts get more sympathy than ugly ones. If so, one would think a lovely creature like the mink (貂) would be easy to protect. Yet in the Netherlands, mink is the only animal 71 can still legally be farmed for their fur. That is about to change. On August 28th the government brought forward to this year a ban 72 mink-farming that had been scheduled to take effect in 2025. The timetable was sped up not because mink had become more adorable, 73 because they can contract COVID-19 and spread it to humans. Dutch farmers normally raised about 2.5 million minks a year, 74 (make) the Netherlands the world’s fourth-largest producer after Denmark, China and Poland. In April, a couple of minks and the farm hands who tended them 75 (diagnose) with COVID-19. Genetic tracing showed that at least two workers had probably been infected by mink, rather than the other way around. The affected animals were destroyed and stricter hygiene rules were imposed, but by summer the virus had spread to a third of the country’s farms. That was a win for the Netherland’s Party for the Animals, which has four seats in the 150-member parliament. In 2013, 76 helped pass the law that gave mink farmers until 2025 to get out of the business. Some members of parliament claim that the compensation 77 (pay) for destroying the infected minks was higher than the market price for their fur. Fur farmers say modern standards allow minks to be raised humanely, and 78 they are not a big reason for the spread of the virus. But minks tend to live by themselves instead of living in groups; animal-rights advocates say they cannot be raised humanely in small cages. As for COVID-19, the worry is 79 mink could serve as a medium for it to attack human immunization (免疫) programs. The industry’s value is modest, and polls show the public overwhelmingly opposes it. “In a democratic country, that widespread belief 80 translate into a political decision to ban fur farming,” says Esther Ouwehand, leader of the Party for the Animals. The farmers accept they are shutting down. The remaining argument is over money. 参考答案： 1．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：马克·吐温是在密西西比河沿岸度过了他童年的大部分时光。此处为强调句：it was+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为along the Mississippi River，故填that。 2．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：这颗行星的高温使其发光。根据句意和It’s可知，句子是强调句，结构是“It’s+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是“the planet’s intense heat”，是物，因此空格处用that，故填that。 3．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到本世纪初，我们才真正摆脱贫困，创造了光明的未来。分析句子可知，该句为含有not until的强调句式，其构成为It was not until+被强调部分+that/who+其它，此处强调时间状语，应用that。故填that。 4．exposed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：研究人员声称，如果年轻人每天接触非常吵闹的音乐，可能会面临失聪的风险。此处是if引导的状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，主语young people和exposed是被动关系，完整从句为if they are exposed to very loud music on a daily basis，省略they are，故填exposed。 5．told 【详解】考查省略句。句意：双胞胎高兴起来，照吩咐做了。此处为状语从句的省略，从句主语twins与tell构成被动关系，省略主语和be动词，故填told。 6．absorbed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当他全神贯注地玩手机时，他没有注意到他的母亲走过来了。“be absorbed in”是一个固定短语，意思是“全神贯注于……，专心致志于……”，用于此句中，表示“他”全神贯注地在看他的手机，在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时，可以将从句的主语和be动词省略，所以空白处填过去分词absorbed。故填absorbed。 7．rooted 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：听到这个意外的消息,玛丽呆住了,动弹不得。本句为状语从句的省略，还原后为：as if he was rooted，省略了he was。故填rooted。 8．that 【详解】考查强调句式。句意：正是通过学习烹饪，我加强了与父母的关系。分析句子可知，该句为it is …that…的强调句式，被强调部分为by learning cooking，为强调状语成分。故填that。 9．who/that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：每当我遇到困难时，帮助我的是我最尊敬的班主任。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”，本句中被强调部分是主语my headteacher，指人，故填who或that。 10．privileged 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：除非有特权，否则任何人都不允许进入私人俱乐部。unless可引条件导状语从句。当状语从句中的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。可以把从句中的主语和be动词省略，剩下由过去分词转化而来的形容词privileged“有特权的”。故填privileged。 11．D 【详解】考查省略句。句意：许多留守儿童在接受正规教育后，可能会在许多方面展现出他们的才能。在when引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，逻辑主语children和动词receive是主动关系，因此使用现在分词做状语。故选D。 12．A 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：——那个人在事故中是怎么受伤的？——医生说如果治疗得当，他是有可能得救的。分析句子成分可知，空处应为非谓语动词。if引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语动词为was，则可以省略从句的主语和be动词，故用done形式作状语。故选A。 13．D 【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：即使家庭成员不像以前那样喜欢一起吃饭，数百万英国人仍然会坐下来吃圣诞大餐。本处than用于比较两个句子的内容，即聚餐情况的比较，而不是主语本身状态的比较，故排除A、B两项；D项中从句省略了形式主语it 和真正主语that从句，补全从句则为：than it was once the case that families were，符合题意；than 所连接的两个待比较的句子有相同成分，通常会有所省略；故选D项。 14．C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和过去分词。句意：当孩子们感到不值得时，他们往往会格外努力以取悦父母。在when引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句相同，所以可省略从句中的主语和系动词。动词make意为“使，让”，和主语构成被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词形式。故选C。 15．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何被当场发现考试作弊的都将被开除。此句考查的动词catch“抓住”的结构为：catch sb. doing“当场发现某人做某事”，故cheat“作弊”使用动名词形式作宾语；而if 引导的条件状语从句完整句子应是：if one is caught cheating“如果当场发现作弊”，因主语和主句主语一致，可同时省略主语和be动词。故选B项。 16．A 【详解】考查条件状语从句的省略。句意：政府迅速地意识到，污染将会变严重除非处理得当。结合句意，本句应用unless“除非”引导条件状语，在条件状语从句中，若从句的主语与主句的主语相同，从句的主语和be动词可以省略，其完整形式为unless the pollution is properly dealt with，此处省略了从句中的the pollution和be动词is。故选A项。 17．C 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：戴夫·米切尔虽然在旧金山长大，但他一直喜欢记录小镇生活的平凡事实。分析句子可知，此处是though引导的状语从句的省略，逻辑主语Dave Mitchell与动词raise之间为被动关系，完整句子为Though he was raised in San Francisco，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，所以此处应用过去分词形式；being raised表示被动和进行，此处与句意不符，其他选项均不表示被动，与句意不符。故选C项。 18．C 【详解】考查时态、语态、主谓一致及状语从句的省略。句意：如果以米为单位，我们的客厅宽8米。分析句子结构可知，第一个设空处缺少谓语动词，measure“（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为”和主语our living room之间是主动关系，应该用主动语态，陈述客观事实使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语使用相应的第三人称单数形式；第二个设空处使用了状语从句的省略，our living room与measure“测量”之间为被动关系，完整表达形式为if it is measured in metres，符合状语从句省略的条件，省略it is。故选C项。 19．B 【详解】考查状语从句省略句。句意：有些看似微不足道的事情，如果不及时处理，以后可能会变得更大。此处是when引导时间状语从句省略句，从句主语some seemingly insignificant matters和从句谓语动词短语deal with是被动关系，谓语动词短语deal with用be done形式，状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致（或者从句主语为it）且从句谓语中包含be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，用过去分词短语dealt with，否定词not放在过去分词结构前面。故选B。 20．D 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：孩子们在父母的陪同下可以进入体育场。分析句子结构，when引导一个时间状语从句，从句的主语和主句主语一致，且谓语为be动词，Children和动词accompany之间是动宾关系，故完整形式为when children are accompanied by their parents。故选D。 21．A 【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是玩电脑游戏占用了这个男孩很多本该花在功课上的时间。根据句意和It was可知，句子是强调句，结构是“It is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，被强调的是“playing computer games”，因此空格处用that。故选A。 22．C 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到抗日战争结束，他才回到家乡。A项是一般疑问句；B项是否定疑问句；C项是陈述语序；D项是否定句；分析句子可知，本句运用了强调句It is/was+被强调部分+that。所以为强调前为He didn’t return to his hometown until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended，强调时间状语从句时，所以句子剩余部分是he returned to his hometown，C项符合句意。故选C项。 23．A 【详解】考查强调句。句意：几天前，是迈克和玛丽帮助了这个老人。It is/was+被强调部分+who/that...为强调句型，根据后面的动词helped可知是一般过去时，故选A。 24．B 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意：这部电影就是在我们曾经住过的那个村子里拍摄的。第一空引导定语从句，先行词village，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导；“It is+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的基本句型，此处强调的是状语in the village，第二空填that。故选B。 25．A 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：这是我在图书馆借的字典。去掉两个设空处和was句子依然完整且句意正确，由此可知，本句考查强调句：it is/was+强调部分+that（强调人可用who），本句强调宾语this dictionary应用that。故选A。 26．C 【详解】考查强调句和定语从句。句意：他在学校里得到的那些训练使得他成为优秀的跳高者。分析句子可知，he had at school 是修饰 training 的定语从句， training 在定语从句中做 had 的宾语，所以第一空关系代词用 that/ which 或者省略；本句的主句是the training made him good jumper，而本句用强调句型it was...that来强调句子的主语 training，所以第二空的答案是that。故选C项。 27．A 【详解】考查定语从句及强调句。句意：就是在我上周和你一起去购物的那条街上，我遇到了我们的老同学张华。根据句意可知，_______ I went shopping with you last week对前面的名词street起修饰限定作用，所以这是一个定语从句；分析定语从句句子成分可知，从句不缺名词性成分，所以要用关系副词；先行词是地点，所以关系词要用where；观察句子结构可知，It was in the street _______ I met Zhang Hua, our old classmate符合强调句的句型结构it+ be+被强调部分+that+其他部分，所以第二个空格要填that。故选A项。 28．A 【详解】考查it强调句。句意：直到他回到家，他才知道发生了什么事。it was not until...that意为“直到……才”，为固定句式，此处为it强调句句式，强调的是时间状语“not until he came back home”。故选A。 29．C 【详解】考查谓语动词的强调。句意：我昨天确实来这里了。我只是站在这儿。分析句意可知，此处考查使用助动词对谓语动词come“到来”加以强调，结合时间状语yesterday可知句子时态是一般过去时，使用“助动词did+动词原形”对谓语动词进行强调。故选C项。 30．D 【详解】考查介词和强调句。句意：在12月11日那天，徐程程获得了全国英语演讲比赛的第一名。空1：此处指在12月11日那天，指具体的某一天应用介词on；空2：此处为强调句“it was+被强调部分+that+其他”结构，此处强调时间状语on 11th December，故填that。故选D。 31．not 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：明天早点起床。否则，你将错过早班车。根据“you will miss the early bus”可知，此处是指如果不早起，if not意为“否则”，为状语从句的省略句式。故填not。 32． majoring is regarded 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，省略，固定短语和被动语态。句意：虽然学的是工程专业，但这位女士还是努力学习被视为一种艺术形式的书法。though引导的让步状语从句意为“虽然她正在学的是工程专业”，由made可知，从句时态是过去进行时，主语she是单数，因此though引导的从句是though she was majoring in engineering，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此第一空是majoring；书法被认为是一种艺术形式，“被认为”是be regarded as，“书法被认为是一种艺术形式”是一种客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是先行词calligraphy，是单数，因此第二空是is regarded。故填majoring，is regarded。 33．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到高中，我才重新开始信任别人。It wasn’t until...that...是“直到……才……”的强调句，因此空格处是that，故填that。 34．taken 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：中医可能在治愈病人的疾病方面很慢，但即使经常服用也没有那么严重的副作用，因为每一种草药都是为了病人的利益而开的，不会对肝脏或肾脏造成伤害。在even if引导的让步状语从句中，主语和主句相同，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词take意为“服用”，和主语构成被动关系，且是指动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填taken。 35．asked 【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：当被问及他成功的秘诀时，这位著名的运动员说这是他妻子和孩子们一贯的支持的结果。分析句子可知，空处作状语，为when引导的状语从句省略结构，主语为the famous athlete，与ask构成被动关系，从句为When he was asked about the secret of his success，省略he was。故填asked。 36． as accompanied 【详解】考查介词短语和状语从句的省略。句意：它们可以被理解为来自亲密朋友的欢迎问候，特别是如果伴随着温柔的微笑。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空使用介词短语be interpreted as意为“解释为”；第二空是if引导的条件状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语和主语之间是被动关系，所以可以省略从句的主语和be动词，第二空应用过去分词。故填①as；②accompanied。 37． spoken means 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：当一个陌生人说话时，它们可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。第一空为状语从句的省略，从句省略主语they和be动词，且主语与speak构成被动关系，应填过去分词spoken；第二空为短语a means of表示“一种方式”。故填①spoken；②means。 38．cooked 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：这种新的杂交谷物比天然谷物更坚固，煮熟后仍保持传统外观。这里为状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为“when they are cooked”，主从句主语一致，可将从句主语和“be”动词同时省略。故填cooked。 39．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：他弄不明白她为什么拒绝承认她的计划有问题。此处为特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？且被强调部分为why，应用that。故填that。 40．that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：John弄不明白为什么Lucy拒绝承认她的计划存在问题。根据句子分析可知，此处为含有“疑问词+强调句型”作make out的宾语从句，故句型为：特殊疑问词+it was that+其他，故填that。 41．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到他终于迷迷糊糊地睡着了，头痛才减轻了。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that/ who + 其它部分，被强调部分为only when he finally drifted off to sleep，故填that。 42．that 【详解】考查it强调句。句意：虽然我读这本书是十年前的事了，但它向我展示了一个普遍的真理：书是朋友，总是推动我们前进。去掉it was和空格处后句子结构完整，所以此处为it强调句，即“it is+被强调部分+that+剩余部分”，此处强调的是时间状语，故填that。 43．left 【详解】考查省略句。句意：如果狗和猫被单独放在外面，它们会非常聪明地寻找温暖的住所。If引导的条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是If they are left alone outside，省略了they are。故填left。 44．handled 【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意：对于任何邻国来说，边界问题如果处理不好，都会直接影响到邻国之间的关系，甚至引发冲突。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为unless border issues are_____ (handled) properly，省略border issues are，border issues和 handle“处理”之间是被动关系，所以unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时的被动语态，省略border issues are，保留过去分词。故填handled。 45．ensure 【详解】考查动词和短语。句意：了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的晚餐，无论你在世界的哪个地方。help do sth.意思为：有助于做某事，空处之后that引导宾语从句，此处表示“确保”用动词ensure。故填ensure。 46．planned 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：按计划，下周日下午5点到8点在操场举行。分析句意可知，plan和主语之间是被动关系，所以as从句中要用一般现在时的被动语态，即用it is planed，又因为状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致，所以从句中的it is可以省略。故填planned。 47．viewed 【详解】考查省略句。句意：从谷底往下看，这些山是一幅壮丽的景色。在when引导的时间状语从句中，主语和主句相同，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词view意为“观看”，和主语构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填viewed。 48．stopped 【详解】考查状语从句的省略结构。句意：这些坏习惯，如果不阻止，当他们长大成人，可能会导致更严重的问题。分析句子，句中为状语从句的省略结构，整句结构为if these bad habits are not stopped，从句主语和主句主语一致时，从句主语和be动词省略。表示被动，用过去分词。故填stopped。 49．permitted 【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：如果允许的话，你可以在我们学校上网。When引导时间状语从句，结合句意，从句主语为you，与permit“允许”构成被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，从句为When you are permitted，此处省略主语you和are。故填permitted。 50．taking 【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：我学到以上这些是在我照看一只不够走运吞了挂钩的海鸥期间。while引导从句的主语与主句主语一致，为I，I与take care of之间为主动关系，还原完整的主谓结构应为“while I was taking care of …”, 从句中主语与be动词可以省略，其省略形式为“while taking care of…”。故填taking。 51．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：是什么让你们两个走到一起的？是对音乐的热爱吗？去掉was it和空处内容后，句子成分仍然齐全、句意完整，由此推知此处是特殊疑问句的强调句型“疑问词+be it+that…”，强调主语What，空处应用that构成该固定句型。故填that。 52．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：更重要的是，正是北京的著名旅游景点，每年吸引着来自世界各地的大量游客。it is+被强调部分+that/that是强调句型，句中强调the famous tourist attractions of Beijing。用that，故填that。 53．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到我定居在北京，我才有机会去参观长城。根据“It was not until”及句意可知，本句为“It be not until...that...”强调句，强调“I settled down and lived in Beijing”，故空处应用连词that。故填that。 54．was 【详解】考查主谓一致和一般过去时。句意：应该对事故负责的是司机而不是学生。去掉it was和that后句子完整，所以此处为it强调句句式，主语为the driver rather than the students，rather than的主谓一致采用就远原则，且根据“It was”可知，此处应用一般过去时，所以be动词应用was。故填was。 55．that 【详解】考查it强调句句式。句意：直到老师告诉他，他才意识到自己的错误。去掉it was和空格后句子完整，所以此处为强调句句式，即“it is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，被强调部分“not until the teacher had told him”为状语，所以空格处应用that。故填that。 56．that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：不得不说，正是从失败中学到了很多，让我树立了战胜未来任何挑战的信心。根据上文it is可知，it is与空处之间为被强调部分，被强调部分作后句I have learned so much的状语，符合强调句型It is/ was +被强调部分+ that/ who+其它部分，因此使用连词that，故填that。 57．what 【详解】考查强调句。句意：研究人员仍在努力找出是什么导致了这种疾病。分析句子可知，空处引导名词性从句作figure out的宾语，宾语从句中使用了强调句型it was…that…，句中缺少主语，结合caused the disease可知，主语指物，应用连词what作引导词。故填what。 58．it 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：虽然秦岭一直被称为大熊猫栖息地的北部边缘，但直到2005年，秦岭大熊猫才被确认为大熊猫的一个独特亚种。观察句子结构可知，此处为强调句句型“It be+被强调部分+that+…”，故填it。 59．that 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到我走进博物馆的那一天，我才真正理解并完全拥抱了这些杰作所蕴含的深刻美和文化意义。强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that + 句子其它部分”；分析句子可知，句中使用了强调句，原句为...not...until...句型：I could not genuinely comprehend and fully embrace the profound beauty and cultural significance these masterpieces held until the day I set foot into the museum，本句中强调的是原句中时间状语从句“until the day I set foot into the museum”，句子其它部分由that引出。故填that。 60．that 【详解】考查强调句型。句意：会不会是前几天汤姆看见玛丽坐在床上穿衣服？分析句子可知，此处是强调句型“It be+被强调部分+that/(被强调部分是人时可用who)+其他”的一般疑问句，本句中被强调部分是时间状语“the other day”，故填that。 61．to track 62．the largest 63．as 64．where 65．was diagnosed 66．that 67．when 68．emerged 69．celebrated 70．honors 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了小说家欧·亨利的个人经历。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：他曾在当地杂志上发表过几篇文章，但在《纽约世界报》的编辑派一名年轻记者追踪这位神秘作家时，他还相对不为人知。短语send sb. to do sth.表示“派某人做某事”。故填to track。 62．考查形容词最高级。句意：《世界报》拥有世界上最大的日发行量，欧·亨利关于纽约生活的故事非常受欢迎。根据后文in the world可知应用最高级，前面加the。故填the largest。 63．考查介词。句意：在他离开报社不到三年的时候，欧·亨利已经确立了他作为一个天才的说书人和出人意料的结局大师的声誉。表示“作为”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词as。故填as。 64．考查定语从句。句意：20岁时，他搬到德克萨斯州，在那里他做过各种各样的工作，最终成为一名银行出纳。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Texas，关系词在从句作地点状语。故填where。 65．考查时态语态。句意：几年后，他的妻子被诊断出患有严重的传染病，他被指控非法挪用他工作的银行的钱。主语wife与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文he was accused of可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was diagnosed。 66．考查宾语从句。句意：一些人声称他偷钱是为了帮助支付妻子的医药费。引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故用that。故填that。 67．考查状语从句。句意：几个月后，当她的病情恶化时，他返回并向警方自首。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when。故填when。 68．考查时态。句意：W. S. Porter以欧·亨利的身份出狱。发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填emerged。 69．考查形容词。句意：几年后，他的运气变好了，他在《纽约世界报》的工作使他成为一名著名作家。修饰名词author应用形容词celebrated。故填celebrated。 70．考查时态。句意：欧·亨利奖授予每年在美国杂志上发表最佳小说的作者。根据后文each year可知为一般现在时，主语为The O. Henry Award，谓语用三单形式。故填honors。 71．that 72．on 73．but 74．making 75．were diagnosed 76．it 77．paid 78．that 79．that 80．has to/ought to 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了荷兰政府加快了禁止农民养殖貂的步伐，主要原因是它们可以感染新冠病毒并将其传播给人类。 71．考查定语从句。句意：然而在荷兰，貂是唯一一种仍然可以合法饲养以获取皮毛的动物。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animal，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有the only修饰，因此应用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。 72．考查介词。句意：8月28日，政府将原定于2025年生效的貂养殖禁令提前到了今年。ban后通常跟介词on，表示“对……的禁令”。故填on。 73．考查连词。句意：时间表加快不是因为貂变得更可爱了，而是因为它们可以感染新冠病毒并将其传播给人类。根据“not because”可推知，此处表示“不是因为……而是因为……”，应用not… but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：荷兰农民通常每年饲养约250万只貂，使荷兰成为仅次于丹麦、中国和波兰的世界第四大貂生产国。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用make的现在分词形式。故填making。 75．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：今年4月，几只貂和照顾它们的农场工人被诊断出患有新冠病毒。空处作主句的谓语，时间状语为In April，此处在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，diagnose和主语a couple of minks and the farm hands之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用were。故填were diagnosed。 76．考查代词。句意：2013年，它帮助通过了一项法律，要求貂养殖户在2025年之前退出该行业。空处作句子的主语，指代前一句中的the Netherland’s Party for the Animals，应用代词it来指代。故填it。 77．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些国会议员声称，销毁受感染貂的赔偿费高于其皮毛的市场价格。空处作compensation的后置定语，是非谓语动词，pay和compensation逻辑上是被动关系，应用pay的过去分词形式。故填paid。 78．考查宾语从句。句意：皮草养殖者表示，现代标准允许人道地饲养貂，这并不是病毒传播的主要原因。空处引导名词性从句作say的第二个宾语，宾语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 79．考查表语从句。句意：至于新冠病毒，人们担心貂可能会成为攻击人类免疫计划的媒介。空处引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用连接词that作引导词。故填that。 80．考查固定短语。句意：“在一个民主国家，这种普遍的信念应该转化为禁止皮草养殖的政治决定，”动物保护党领导人Esther Ouwehand说。空处和translate构成句子的谓语，且结合语境可知，此处侧重责任与道德上的期待，因此用固定短语have to或ought to表示“应该，应当”，主语为that widespread belief，使用have to时，have用第三人称单数形式。故填has to/ought to。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点05 强调句和省略句 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：省略句 模块三：核心考点梳理：强调句 模块四：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 1．It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (用适当的词填空) 2．It’s the planet’s intense heat causes it to glow. (用适当的词填空) 3．It was not until the beginning of this century we truly got rid of poverty and created a bright future. (用适当的词填空) 4．Researchers claim that young people may risk going deaf if (expose) to very loud music on a daily basis. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．The twins cheered up and did as (tell). (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．When deeply (absorb) in his phone, he didn’t notice his mother approaching. （所给词的适当形式填空） 7．Hearing the unexpected news, Mary froze with shock, as if (root) to the spot. （所给词的适当形式填空） 8．It is by learning cooking I have strengthened my relationship with my parents. (用适当的词填空) 9．It was my headteacher I respect most helped me out whenever I was in trouble. (用适当的词填空) 10．No one will be allowed to enter the private club unless (privilege). (所给词的适当形式填空) 模块二 核心考点梳理：省略句 省略句是我们在学习英语过程中能不断体验收获和趣味的一种惯用手法，无论是说话还是写作，都要求生动活泼，简明扼要。按照语法的分析, 有时句子应具备的成分出于修辞上的需要, 会缺少一个或几个句子语法结构所必要的语言成分，但在一定语境中可独立存在，仍能表达其意义完整并发挥交流功能的句子则被称为省略句。省略的结果不仅能使句子结构更加精练，而且可起到连接上下文并使相邻词语达到强调的作用。 省略句的分类 （一）句中成分的省略 1. 主语的省略 Beg your pardon. （我）请你原谅。（Beg前省略了主语I） Come on! 得了吧（你）！（Come前省略了主语You） 2. 谓语的省略 John is a lawyer，his wife (is) a cleaner. Some of us study Japanese，others (study) English. 3. 表语的省略 She was a lover of sports as(因为) she had been in her youth(在她年轻的时候).（had been后面省略了a lover of sports） 4. 宾语的省略 Let’s do the cases. I’ll read and you’ll type.（read和 type后面省略了宾语cases） 5. 定语的省略 I spent part of the money, and the rest I gave.（the rest后面省略了定语of the money） 6. 状语的省略 She wasn’t cry. Strange! （Strange前面省略了状语how） （二）句中结构的省略 1. 简单句的省略 1）名词所有格之后的省略 He is going to his uncle’s (house). 2) 含there be结构中的省略 (Is there) Anything wrong? 3) 独立主格结构中的分词如为being或having been时的省略 The examination (being) over, we all left the school. 4) 不定式的省略 （1）并列的不定式 Her job is to take care of the elders and (to) wash their clothes. （2）为避免重复, 作某些动词hope, want等宾语或tell, order, ask的宾补时，省略不定式短语, 只保留不定式符号to. The child wanted to play in the street, but her mother told her not to. （此句中 not to 后省略了和上文相重复的play in the street.） . （3）感官动词see, hear, feel, notice, hear或使役动词let, make, have,等后跟不定式作宾补时省略to. I saw the girl cross the street. I had my father repair my bike. 注意：当感官动词与使役动词用于被动时，需恢复to的省略! 如：The girl was seen to cross the street. （4）有had better, would rather, can’t but 或Why not等句型后面直接跟动词原形，实际上是接省to的不定式。 You had better tell me the truth. I could not but (to) laugh at him. Why not go and ask the teacher for help? （5）在回答问句及其它形式的答语中，如有和上文重复的不定式时，在答语中只保留其不定式符号to，而把动词和其它部分省略。 — Would you like to come to dinner tonight? — I'd like to. But I'm too busy. （ 此句中的I'd like to 后省略了come to dinner tonight.） 5) 介词（或介词短语）的省略 （1）动名词前面的介词in在一定条件下常被省略 We spent a large sum of money (in) building the mansion. 而当spend money in doing sth. 结构用于被动语态时in不能省略 A large sum of money was spent in building the mansion. （2）near或opposite作形容词表示“在…的附近”或“在…对面”时后接的介词to可省略 It is near (to) the airport, opposite (to) the supermarket. （3）of +形容词+名词作补语表示大小、年龄、形状、颜色或价格时of常被省略 We are（of）the same age, I suppose. （4）含有side, height, length, size, shape等惯用语前介词on有时可被省略 Try to keep your discourse（on）this side of 3000 words． （5）有些动词、名词、形容词习惯搭配介词短语, 在以what, when, how, whether, that出现的从句或不定式短语之前有时被省略介词短语as to. Be careful (as to) how you do that. 6) 同源宾语的省略 同源宾语的修饰语是形容词最高级或含有最高级意义时可以省去该同源宾语 During the football match, the fans all shouted their loudest (shout). She sang her sweetest (song). 7) 英语中惯用的省略句型 即，What/How about后只跟名词、代词或动名词（短语），以及感叹句中的省略现象。 How about the two of us taking a walk down the garden? What a beautiful view (it is)! 2. 并列句中的省略 1) 并列句的省略是最常见的，一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。 To some smile is very easy, and to others (smile is) so hard. 2) 简单句的并列结构中也常有省略的做法 We may go there by train or (by) air. 3）并列平行结构有时会出现在状语从句中 As families move away from their stable community, their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable. （此句中，前一个分句带一个As引导的状语从句，状语从句中 move away from 后为并列平行结构，their…，their…，their…在and后的分句中，the confidence后省略了is cut off.） 3. 复合句中的省略 1） 复合句中从句的句尾和主句相重复时从句的句尾部分可省掉 Mary is going to sweep the floor because Alice won't (sweep the floor). 2）含有定语从句的复合句 （1）定语从句中可以省略作宾语的关系代词；非正式文体中，也可省略关系副词when或why. I shall never forget the day (when) I entered TV University. I like the film for the very reason (why) you dislike it. （2）关系代词as后面的主谓结构也可省略 He gave the same answer as (he had given) before. 3）含有宾语从句的复合句 （1）在两个并列的that从句如主动词及其宾语、表语、状语等都一样时可将第二个that从句的主动词及随带成份省略。 I guess Lisa will dance in the party but Jane won't (dance in the party). （2）在两个并列的that从句如主语相同，而谓语不同，可把第二个that从句的连词和主语一起省略。 Tell Peter that I'll call to see him and (that I 'll ) have talk with him. （3）在两个并列从句如连词不同而其它成份相同时，可省略第一分句和第二分句相同的部分，只把两个连词连接起来。 Her parents don't know when (she was born) and where she was born. （4）在以某些形容词或过去分词，如：sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied的词所引导的宾语从句中，连词that可省略。 We aren’t sure which the best is. I was very pleased my friend had passed the exam. （5）在以which, when, where, how和why引导的宾语从句中，其谓语与主句谓语相同时省略全部谓语，有时甚至主语也可省略，只保留一个w h～的词。 He can’t go to school, but I don’t know why (he can’t go to school). 4）含有状语从句的复合句 状语从句中的省略原则是，如主语与主句主语一致，或主语是it，可省略从句的连接词、主语和be助动词，只保留分词和其它成分，从而使语言更加简洁明了。 （1）时间状语从句中的省略 I favor English when (I was) a pupil. （2）地点状语从句中的省略 The river is clean where (it is) deep. （3）让步状语从句中的省略 Although (she was) the youngest of the group, she won all the prizes. （4）方式状语从句中的省略 The baby closed his eyes as if ( he were ) to sleep. （5）条件状语从句中的省略 She won’t come unless (she is) invited. （6）原因状语从句中的省略 (If we were) Given more attention, the plants could have grown better. （7）比较状语从句中的省略 You can play the game just as wonderfully as I (do). 在以than和as引导的比较结构的状语从句中，省略某些与主句相同的成分或在特定上下文中有某些不言而喻的成分，可省掉整个as/than从句。 The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper. (than those in this shop), but (they are) not as good (as those in this shop). （8）状语从句中并列结构的省略 在复合句中，如两个并列的状语从句只是从属连词不同，其它相同时，则可省略一个状语从句，而把两个从属连词连接起来。 They will be arriving either before (the film begins) or after the film begins. 5）虚拟语气条件句中if的省略. 与If引导的条件从句中含有were, had时，可将if省略, 并用倒装结构。 Were I you , I wouldn’t go with him. 11．Many left-behind children, when ______ formal education, will probably show their talent in many aspects. A．receive B．received C．to receive D．receiving 12．—How is the man injured in the accident? —The doctor said if________ in a proper way, he was likely to be saved. A．treated B．treating C．is treated D．to be treated 13．Even if families are less likely to eat together than ______, millions of Britons still sit down for Christmas dinner. A．it had been before B．they had been before C．the case was once D．was once the case 14．When ________ to feel unworthy, children often work extra hard to please their parents. A．to make B．making C．made D．having made 15．Anyone will be fired if ________ in the test. A．catching cheating B．caught cheating C．to catch cheating D．caught cheated 16．The government quickly realized that, ________, the pollution will only get worse. A．unless properly dealt with B．if not properly dealing with C．if dealt not properly with D．unless dealt with it properly 17．Though________in San Francisco, Dave Mitchell had always preferred to record the plain facts of small-town life. A．being raised B．raising C．raised D．having raised 18．Our living room ________ 8 metres across, if ________ in metres. A．is measured; measured B．is measured in; measuring C．measures; measured D．measures in; measuring 19．There are some seemingly insignificant matters that, when ________ in time, can become bigger ones later on. A．aren’t dealt with B．not dealt with C．not having dealt with D．not being dealt with 20．Children, when ______ by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium. A．being accompanied B．to accompany C．accompanying D．accompanied 模块三 核心考点梳理：强调句 （一）定义 所谓强调，就是指要突出句子中的某一部分，使其显得更加重要。 （二）强调结构 一）强调谓语动词 强调谓语动词只能对肯定句的一般现在时和一般过去时进行强调。一般在谓语动词前面加助动词do, does或did。 He did write to you last week. I do hope you a merry Christmas. 二）强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他部分 强调人 强调物 It is /was +强调部分+that/who +其他成分 强调主语、宾语、状语 只能是单数 1、强调成分 1 强调主语或主语从句 It was Mary who/that met her old classmate in the park yesterday. It is what we do and how we do it that decide if we can succeed. 2 强调宾语或宾语从句 It was her old classmate who/that Mary met in the park yesterday. It was when he would go abroad that he asked Tom. 3 强调时间状语或时间状语从句 It was yesterday that Mary met her old classmate in the park. It was when he got back that he knew what had happened. 4 强调地点状语或地点状语从句 It was in the park that Mary met her old classmate yesterday. It was where he went yesterday that he lost his bag. 5 强调原因状语或原因状语从句 It was because of the bad weather that he postponed his trip. It is because he had worked hard on his lesson that he passed the final exam. 注意：该句型可强调because引导原因状语从句，但通常不能强调由 since, as引导的原因状语从句，另外也不强调由although引导的让步状语从句。 2、疑问形式 Jim told us the news. (非强调句) It was Jim that told us the news. (强调句型的陈述句形式) Was it Jim that told us the news. (强调句型的一般疑问句形式) Who was it that told us the news. (强调句型的特殊疑问句形式) 总结： ①一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that+其他? Was it in 1939 that The Second World War broke out? ②特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问词+ is/was+it +that+其他? What was it that made you so happy? Who was it that phoned just now? ③反意疑问句的强调句型 It was at ten last night that I knew the news, wasn’t it? ④对特殊疑问句的强调置于从句中时：注意语序 I don’t know what it is that makes you sad. 3、时态 强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是过去的相应时态用It was...，是现在和将来的相应时态用It is.... It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. It's Mary who/that has done such terrible things. It's Mary who/that will go to see the doctor tomorrow. 4、not…until的强调形式 强调含有not until的句子在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即it is(was)+not until从句+that +其它。 e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/ till his wife came back. 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed. 5、强调句与主语从句的区别 主语从句译成中文时不可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼，若删去“It is / was...that...”，则原句不成立。而强调句型若删去“It is / was...that / who...”，原句结构与语意均完整，译成中文时，常可加上“正是……”“就是……”之类字眼。 It is true that he once went to America. It was at 8 o’clock that he came back. 6、强调句与状语从句的区别 It was at 7:00 that I arrived.正是在7:00时，我到了。(强调句型，强调时间状语at 7:00) It was 7:00 when I arrived.当我到达时，时间是7:00。(时间状语从句，在7:00前无介词at) 7、含有定语从句的强调句型 在被强调的名词后再设计一个以该名词为先行词的定语从句，这时不要把定语从句当作强调句。 It was this school where (in which) he once studied that gave him a chance of teaching. 三）双重否定表强调 Taking part-time jobs is never without drawbacks. There is no rule that has no exception. 四）What引导的主语从句表强调 What he did was help the police catch the thief. What really matters is cooperation. 五）倒装表强调 Little do people take into account the seriousness of this problem. 六）比较状语表强调 Nothing is more imperative than to learn from the past. 21．It was playing computer games ______took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A．that B．what C．which D．it 22．It was not until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended that ________ to his hometown. A．did he return B．didn’t he returned C．he returned D．he didn’t return 23．It ______Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago. A．was B．is C．are D．were 24．It is in the village________we used to live ________the film was made. A．that; where B．where; that C．which; that D．that; which 25． was this dictionary I borrowed in the library. A．It; that B．This; which C．It; who D．That; when 26．It was the training ________ he had at school ________ made him a good jumper. A．what; what B．what; that C．that; that D．that; what 27．It was in the street _______ I went shopping with you last week ________ I met Zhang Hua, our old classmate. A．where ; that B．which ; when C．that ; that D．that ; which 28．It was not until he came back home ______ he knew what had happened. A．that B．which C．when D．while 29．I______ come here yesterday. I just stood here. A．do B．does C．did D．done 30．It was ________ 11th December ________ Xu Chengcheng got the first prize in National English Speech Competition. A．in; when B．in; that C．on; when D．on; that 模块四 当堂检测（难度两星） 31．Get up early tomorrow. If , you will miss the early bus. (用适当的词填空) 32．Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every effort to learn calligraphy which (regard) as an art form. (所给词的适当形式填空) 33．It wasn’t until in high school I began to trust other people again. (用适当的词填空) 34．Chinese medicine might be slowly in curing the patient of the disease, but it has less serious side effects even if (take) frequently, for each medicinal herb is prescribed (开处方) for the benefit of the patient, causing no harm to the liver or the kidneys. (所给词的适当形式填空) 35．When (ask) about the secret of his success, the famous athlete said that it resulted from his wife and children’s consistent support. (所给词的适当形式填空) 36．They could be interpreted a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if (accompany) by a gentle smile. (所给词的适当形式填空) 37．When (speak) by a stranger, they can function as a (mean) of attracting your attention. (所给词的适当形式填空) 38．The new hybrid grains are firmer than natural grains, and when (cook) they maintain their traditional appearance. (所给词的适当形式填空) 39．He couldn’t make out why it was she refused to admit there was a problem in her plan. （用适当的词填空） 40．John couldn’t make out why it was Lucy refused to admit there was a problem in her plan. (用适当的词填空) 41．It was only when he finally drifted off to sleep the headaches eased. (用适当的词填空) 42．Although it was ten years ago I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends, always pushing us to move on. (用适当的词填空) 43．If (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. （所给词的适当形式填空） 44．To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly, will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts. (所给词的适当形式填空) 45．Knowing some tips will help (sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family — no matter where you are in the world. (所给词的适当形式填空) 46．As (plan), it will be held on the playground from 5 p. m. to 8 p. m. next Sunday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47．These mountains are a splendid sight when (view) from the valley floor. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48．These bad habits, if not (stop), could result in more serious problems when they become adults. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49．When (permit), you can have access to the Internet in our school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50．I learned this while (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to swallow a hook. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51．What was it brought you two together? Was it your love of music? (用适当的词填空) 52．More importantly,it is the famous tourist attractions of Beijing attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.(用适当的词填空) 53．It was not until I settled down and lived in Beijing I had a chance to pay a visit to the Great Wall. （用适当的词填空） 54．It was the driver rather than the students that (be)responsible for the accident. (用所给词的适当形式填空) 55．It was not until the teacher had told him he realized his mistakes. (用适当的词填空) 56．I have to say it is through failures I have learned so much, which builds up my confidence to overcome any challenge ahead.（用适当的词填空） 57．The researchers are still working hard to figure out it was that caused the disease. (用适当的词填空) 58．While the Qinling Mountains have long been known as the northern edge of giant panda habitat, was only in 2005 that the Qinling panda was recognized as a distinct subspecies of giant panda. (用适当的词填空) 59．It wasn’t until the day I set foot into the museum I could genuinely comprehend and fully embrace the profound beauty and cultural significance these masterpieces held. (用适当的词填空) 60．Could it have been the other day Tom saw Mary seated and dressing herself on the bed? (用适当的词填空) Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. In the fall of 1903, O. Henry was living in a room at the small Hotel Marty in New York City. He had published a few stories in local magazines, but was still relatively unknown when editors at the New York World newspaper sent a young reporter 61 (track) down this mysterious writer. By the next day, O. Henry had an agreement with the newspaper to write one story a week for the magazine section of their Sunday edition. The World had 62 (large) daily circulation in the world, and O. Henry’s stories about New York life became immensely popular. By the time he left the newspaper after less than three years, O. Henry had established his reputation 63 a gifted storyteller and master of surprise endings. O. Henry was the pen name used by William Sydney Porter, who was born in North Carolina. At the age of twenty, he moved to Texas. 64 he held a variety of jobs, eventually becoming a bank teller. He married and became a reporter and columnist for the Houston Post. After a few years, his wife 65 (diagnose) with a serious infectious disease, and he was accused of illegally taking the money of the bank where he worked. Some people have claimed 66 he was stealing money to help pay his wife’s medical bills. O. Henry fled to Central America, but his wife was too ill to accompany him. Months later, 67 her condition worsened, he returned and turned himself in to the police. His wife soon died, and O. Henry spent three years in prison in Ohio. It was during his time in prison that he began writing the stories that would make him famous. W. S. Porter 68 (emerge) from prison as O. Henry. In 1902 O. Henry moved to New York City and started trying to sell his stories. In a few years his luck changed for the better, and his position with the New York World helped make him a 69 (celebrate) author. He published more than three hundred stories and gained worldwide acclaim. O. Henry’s writing is admired for its colorful and realistic depictions of the everyday lives of New Yorkers. His stories are known for their plot twists and surprise endings. In fact, O. Henry’s own life ended with a “twist” — his funeral was somehow scheduled in the same church at the same time as someone else’s wedding! The O. Henry Award 70 (honor) the authors of the best stories printed each year in American magazines. Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Animal-rights activists often complain that cute beasts get more sympathy than ugly ones. If so, one would think a lovely creature like the mink (貂) would be easy to protect. Yet in the Netherlands, mink is the only animal 71 can still legally be farmed for their fur. That is about to change. On August 28th the government brought forward to this year a ban 72 mink-farming that had been scheduled to take effect in 2025. The timetable was sped up not because mink had become more adorable, 73 because they can contract COVID-19 and spread it to humans. Dutch farmers normally raised about 2.5 million minks a year, 74 (make) the Netherlands the world’s fourth-largest producer after Denmark, China and Poland. In April, a couple of minks and the farm hands who tended them 75 (diagnose) with COVID-19. Genetic tracing showed that at least two workers had probably been infected by mink, rather than the other way around. The affected animals were destroyed and stricter hygiene rules were imposed, but by summer the virus had spread to a third of the country’s farms. That was a win for the Netherland’s Party for the Animals, which has four seats in the 150-member parliament. In 2013, 76 helped pass the law that gave mink farmers until 2025 to get out of the business. Some members of parliament claim that the compensation 77 (pay) for destroying the infected minks was higher than the market price for their fur. Fur farmers say modern standards allow minks to be raised humanely, and 78 they are not a big reason for the spread of the virus. But minks tend to live by themselves instead of living in groups; animal-rights advocates say they cannot be raised humanely in small cages. As for COVID-19, the worry is 79 mink could serve as a medium for it to attack human immunization (免疫) programs. The industry’s value is modest, and polls show the public overwhelmingly opposes it. “In a democratic country, that widespread belief 80 translate into a political decision to ban fur farming,” says Esther Ouwehand, leader of the Party for the Animals. The farmers accept they are shutting down. The remaining argument is over money. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$