Unit4重点基础+语法复习讲义2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

Unit4 重点基础+语法复习讲义 1. a good read (P48) 一本好读物 read ①v. 阅读 常见搭配:read newspapers/ magazines/ stories/ novels/ plays e.g.: If you are interested, you can read the poster. ② n. 读物 e.g.: The newspaper is a good read. 2. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. (P48) 我不得不用他们去够冰箱上的盒子。 reach vt. 到达=arrive in/ at e.g.: She will reach/ arrive at the school at 9:00 tomorrow. vt. 够得到 e.g.: He tried to pick the apples, but he can’t reach it. 3. They improve my knowledge of the past. (P49) 他们增加了我之前的知识。 1). knowledge n. 知识 e.g.: Knowledge is power. ① v. know e.g.: Everyone knows that she is not so rich. 2) improve v. 提高,改善 常见搭配:improve the situation; improve the daily life; improve the skills 4. me too. (P49) 我也是。 me too与me either的区别: ① 口语中说me too, 其意为“我也一样”,主要用于延续前面的肯定信息。 -I like potato chips.我喜欢吃薯条。- Me too. 我也是。 - I'm going home.我要回家了。- Me too. 我也是。 ②口语中说me either或me neither, 其意均表示“我也不……”,主要用于延续前面的否定信息(两者一般可互换)。 -I can't swim.我不会游泳。- Me either. 我也不会。 5. After our ship crashed against the rocks, I swam as far as I could. (P50) 在我们的轮船触礁之后,我尽可能地游。 1) against ①prep: 撞击,碰着,与…相撞: e.g.: I pushed against the door and the door opened at last. ② 相反;反对;违反;违背;逆: e.g.: We all should fight against evil. ③ 逆行,逆……方向,对着;跟……反方向: e.g.: Don't drive against the traffic.不要逆向行车。 2) as… as sb. can/ could= as… as possible 尽某人最大努力/ 尽可能 as… as之间可以是副词,也可以是形容词。 e.g.: I open the door as soon as I can. = I open the door as soon as possible. It is not as difficult as I thought. 6. By the time I finally felt the land under my feet, I was tired out. (P50) 当我最后觉得土地在我脚下时,我累坏了。 1) by the time “到……的时候”,通常引导一个时间状语从句,主句则表示在此时间之前某个事件已完成。 从句用一般过去时,主句通常用过去完成时; e.g. By the time I got to the station, the train had already gone. 2) be tired out= be worn out 筋疲力尽 e.g.: After the two hours’ trip, I was tired out when I got home. 7. I woke up as the sun was rising…(P50)我醒来了,这时太阳正在升起…… rise和raise 这两个词都有“提高,上升,增加”的意思,但其用法不同。 ①raise是及物动词,发出此动作的通常是人,可用于被动语态,意为“举起;提高”,如抬头、举手(目、帽、石头、重物等),还可用作比喻,如提高政治觉悟(生活水平、地位、名誉、声音等)。 ②rise是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态,意为“上升,升起;起身,起立(主语是人);上涨”以及“(日、月星等)升起到地平线上”。 e.g.: Please raise your hand if you know the answer. The sun rises in the east. 8. It moved up over my stomach and neck until it was standing near my face. (P50) 它爬上我的肚子和脖子,直到(它)来到我的脸上。 1) stomach n. 胃 pl: stomachs e.g.Do you know what animal has two stomachs? 2) until conj. 直到 ① until用于肯定句中,表示主句的动作一直持续到从句动作发生或状态出现时为止。一般可译为“……直到……为止”。在这种用法中,主句的谓语动词必须是持续动词(非瞬间动词),如live, wait, last, love, like, stay, work, continue等。 e.g.: I will wait until you come back. ② until用于否定句中,表示主句的动作在从句的动作发生之前尚未发生,或者说主句的动作在从句的动作发生之后才开始。一般可译为“直到……才”。 e.g.: I didn't leave until the rain stopped.直到雨停了我才离开。 ③ until后面的从句中不能用一般将来时,应该用一般现在时代替,即“主将从现”。 e.g.: He will stay here until his mother comes back. 9. He was the same size as my little finger! (P50) 他和我的小手指一样大! 1) the same size as “和……一样大”= as big as… 原句= He was as big as my little finger! ①size意为“大小,尺寸”: e.g.: His room is the same size as mine.他的房间和我的一样大。 ② 此处size可以换为其他的名词,注意和形容词的对应。 e.g.: The river is the same length as that one. = The river is as long as that one. 同样地,wide- width; heavy- weight; high-height; long-length; deep-depth; 10. I shouted at them-the loud noise made them all fall over. (P51) 我冲着他们大声叫嚷——声音大得使他们所有人跌倒。 1) shout at意为“叫嚷”,一般表示因生气而对某人大喊大叫,带有感情色彩。同样的表达还有:laugh at (嘲笑); smile at (冲…微笑) e.g.: Don't shout at the boy. He is afraid. 辨析:shout to意为“对……大声喊”,表示与某人距离较远,为了使对方听清楚而大声说话 e.g.: He shouted to the man on the other side of the street, “Come here.” 2) make v. 使 make sb. do sth 使某人做某事 e.g.: The mother made his son do housework everyday. 3) fall 的词组: fall over跌倒; fall off 跌下; fall down跌倒; fall asleep 睡着 11. I did not know what to say either. (P51)我也不知道说什么。 1) 可以表示“也”的单词或短语有also, too, as well与either均表示“也”, 但有以下区别:also, as well, too用于肯定句,且also常用于be动词、情态动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前;as well, too用于句末;either用于否定句中,置于句末。 e.g.: He went there too. We didn't go there either. I like you as well. You are also a good student. 12. I tried to pull one hand free and finally managed to break the ropes. (P51) 我试图空出一只手,最后设法解开了绳子。 manage to do stb. 设法做某事=succeed in doing sth try to do sth. 倾向于努力做某事,有没有成功不确定 e.g.: I managed to see the writer.我设法见到了那个作家。 I try to open the door with the key. 我尽力用钥匙打开门。 1. Harry Potter series have been translated into about 96 languages. (P57 )哈利波特系列已经被翻译成大约96种语言。 translate vt.&vi.: 翻译 be translated into…被翻译成 e.g.The book was translated into Russian.这本书被翻译成俄文。 2. The first Harry Potter book was a great success in the very beginning. (P58) 在一开始,《哈利波特》第一本书获得了巨大的成功。 1) success un. 成功(抽象意义) cn. 成功的人或者事 e.g.: He is a great success as a writer. Failure is the mother of success. 词汇拓展: ① vt. succeed succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事。 e.g.: He succeeded in swimming across the river. ② adj. successful成功的 e.g.: He is a successful writer. ③ adv. successfully成功地 e.g.: He passed the exam successfully. 2) in the beginning 在…一开始 ①in the beginning常单独使用,放在句子的开头 e.g.: In the beginning, he wasn’t a boss. ②at the beginning后常加of e.g.: At the beginning of the meeting, they sang a song together. ③ 相同的用法还有end in the end& at the end of… 3. How many books can I borrow at a time? (P58) 我一次可以借多少书? 1) at a time 一次 e.g.: Giant pandas have only one baby at a time. 2) 与time有关的词或词组 ① at times= sometimes= from time to time有时 ② some time 一段时间 some times 几次 sometimes 有时 sometime 某个时间 e.g.: I will invite you to see a film sometime next week. He sometimes goes swimming. My parents stayed in Nanjing for some time. He has been to the park some times. 4. How long can I keep the books? (P58) 这些书我可以保留多长时间? 辨析:borrow, lend和keep的区别 borrow意为“借进”,常和介词from搭配;lend意为“借出”,常和介词to搭配;keep意为“保留”;borrow和lend为短暂性动词,keep为延续性动词,常和表示一段时间的状语连用。 e.g.: Can you lend me your bike? Who did you borrow the book from? 5. Maybe l can become a writer when I am older! (P59) 也许我长大了能成为一名作家! 1) maybe adv. 大概,或许,可能 e.g.: Maybe you'll have better luck next time.也许下次你的运气会好一点。 2) 辨析:与may be区别 may be中的may是情态动词,后面接动词原形 may be 的意思为“可能是” e.g.: He may be at home. May I have your name, please? 6. On weekdays, I usually read for about half an hour before going to bed. (P61) 在工作日,我通常在上床睡觉前看大约半小时书。 1) on weekdays:在工作日= on the weekday e.g.: On weekdays, I get up at 5 every morning. on weekends:在周末= at the weekend 2) before既可作介词又可作连词;before作连词时,一般后接从句,before作介词时一般后接名词、代词及动名词作宾语。当前后的主语一致时,可以进行转换。 e.g.: I will come back before he comes back. (连词) Do you go to school before seven? (介词) I saw him before going home. = I saw him before I went home. 7. My friends give me lots of advice on books. (P61) 我的朋友给我许多关于书籍方面的建议。 1) advice un.建议 v. advise e.g.: What useful advice he gave to me! 2) about和on有何区别? about后面所跟的名词的范围比较广;在表示专业的学术性书籍前用on. e.g.: He gave us a talk about money. This is a book on English. 8. They also open up a whole new world to me. (P61) 对我来说它们还开辟了一个全新的世界。 open up开启;开创;开辟 e.g.: When will they open up a new road here? open意为“打开,开着的” 1. 疑问词加动词不定式 (1) 句法功能: ①“ wh-词+不定式” 主要用作宾语或者宾语补足语,跟在动词decide, forget, advise, discuss, remember, understand, think, teach等之后。 疑问词分为疑问代词和疑问副词。常用的疑问代词有:what;which;who;whom;whose. 疑问副词有:where,when,why;how e.g.: We must think what to do. I can't decide whom to invite. Daniel taught himself how to use a computer to draw. ② 除用作宾语外,还可用作主语、表语等。 e.g.: When to leave has not been decided.何时离开还没有决定。 The question is how to find him.问题是如何找到他。 (2) 注意点: ① 若动词不定式的动词为不及物动词,需要加上后面的介词。 e.g. Daniel did not say who to talk to about this book. I don’t know who to turn to for help when I have problems. ② 原则上说,why后不接不定式: 误:Kitty explained why to be late for school. 正:Kitty explained why she was late for school. 不过若不定式不带to,则可用why。 e.g.: Why not go there at once? Why argue with her? 但这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来,不用于谈论过去。 误:Why not clean the room yesterday? 正:Why didn't you clean the room yesterday? (3) how用于该结构的注意点: 有些动词后接“how+不定式”作宾语时,how可以省略: e.g.: Did you learn (how) to drive a car? 你学过开车吗? 但是,有些动词后面接“疑问词how+不定式”作宾语时,尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出,但不能将how省略。 e.g.: He knows how to play the piano. He showed her how to swim. (4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。 e.g.: He asked where he would go shopping after supper. =He asked where to go shopping after supper. 2. must& have to (1) 意义区别 两词都是“必须”的意思,have to表示客观的需要,must表示说话人主观上的看法,即主观上的必要。 e.g.: My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事) He said that they must work hard. 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事) (2) 形式的区别 ① have to有人称、数和时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。 e.g.: He had to look after his sister yesterday. 昨天他不得不照顾他的妹妹。 ② 否定结构: have to的否定结构为:don't have to do…表示“不必”= needn’t do… 而must的否定结构为mustn’t 表示“禁止”,“绝对不可以”。 e.g.: You don't have to tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustn't tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。 (3) 联系 Must引导的疑问句可以用don’t have to/ needn’t来回答。 e.g.: Must I finish my homework now? No, you don’t have to. / needn’t. 综合练习(四) 一、单项填空 1.Shenazhou-18 flew into space _ the evening of April 25th, 2024. A.in B.on C.at D.to 2.The Paris Olympic Games _ from July to August, 2024. A.holds B.will hold C.is held D.will be held 3.The government plans to add more green spaces to improve our living _ like building over 400 pocket parks by 2025. A.style B.environment C.method D.cost 4.There are many old sayings requiring us to be _, such as “the early bird catches the worm” and “Practice makes perfect”. A.generous B.confident C.hard-working D.organized 5.Zhang Guimei has sent nearly 2000 girl students to colleges around China _ she opened the school in 2009. A.when B.after C.until D.since 6.Cars, buses and bikes _ stop when the traffic lights change to red. A.must B.may C.need D.can 7.Unlike engines such as Google or Baidu, ChatGPT really goes a step _ in learning. A.closer B.further C.wider D.harder 8.—The movie The Wandering Earth 2 hits screens these days. —Oh, what a pity! I _ it yet. A.won’t watch B.didn’t watch C.don’t watch D.haven’t watched 9.After the big earthquake, thousands of volunteers went to the street to_bottled water and food to the victims. A.get out B.hand out C.put out D.run out 10.—In order to make sure the program goes_, more volunteers are needed. —I’m in! Many hands make light work. A.slowly B.silently C.specially D.smoothly 11.My parents _ Tianjing on business for a whole week. So I live with my uncle these days. A.have been to B.have gone to C.have been in D.have been away 12.-Mr. Wu has recommended many books. Have you decided first? -Yes. The Little Prince. A.how to read B.which to read C.when to read D.where to read 13.There _ a river in front of the house, but now the government has turned it into farmland. A.used to be B.used to have C.is used to be D.is used to have 14.—Do you mind my borrowing this magazine? —_. But you should return it to me in a week. A.You’d better not B.Of course C.Not at all D.Never mind 15.Look at the message on the right. What does it say? A.Dad called the coach to change the time. B.Nick’s lesson will be finished at 6 o’clock. C.Nick’s lesson this week is on a different day. D.The swimming coach won’t give Nick lessons. 二、完形填空 Martin is my youngest son. He likes staying alone and he seldom (很少) laughs. As the boy’s mother, I was worried about him. I took him to see the 16 in many hospitals, but it didn’t work well. Nothing could make him happy except (除了) the recycling truck (垃圾回收车) passing by my house. Every afternoon, he raced to the front of the house, 17 the truck. When we were late and 18 the truck, Martin would be very disappointed (失望的). One day, I stopped the truck and introduced (介绍) myself. “Nice to meet you, too. I’m Vince.” The driver greeted (和……打招呼) me in a happy voice. “Your coming is the most 19 moment for my son.” I smiled. After knowing our story, he said, “Could you please give me your phone number? Maybe I can send you a message 20 I arrive.” Then began our friendship with Vince. Recently, I said to him, “It’s my little boy’s birthday tomorrow. Can you do something special for him?” The next day, as I was standing by the driveway with Martin, we saw the 21 truck running down the street with a loud beep (嘟嘟声). Like a superman in a movie, Vince stopped and walked towards us with a box in his hand. “Today is your birthday, Martin, and here’s a gift.” He handed the box to my son. Inside, there was a green model truck like his. My son, surprised, looked up 22 and thanked him. After chatting (聊天) for several 23 , he was about to leave for work. I tried to give him some money for his help. He kept shaking his head and 24 my money, saying, “Today you, tomorrow me.” I was deeply moved (感动) by these simple words. And I have been ready to help others whenever I can. You will never know when you’re going to be the one that needs 25 . 16.A.teachers B.farmers C.workers D.doctors 17.A.waiting for B.cleaning up C.taking down D.fixing up 18.A.caught B.missed C.changed D.noticed 19.A.strange B.dangerous C.boring D.exciting 20.A.after B.before C.and D.or 21.A.red B.green C.yellow D.pink 22.A.heavily B.happily C.sadly D.seriously 23.A.minutes B.hours C.days D.years 24.A.threw B.accepted C.refused D.borrowed 25.A.rest B.medicine C.help D.light 三、阅读理解 A You might not think much about where your garbage goes. But now you might want to know. On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策). People there need to put different kinds of garbage into different bins. Other cities in China will do the same soon. Four kinds of garbage in Shanghai. Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It’s because there is too much garbage these days. It is bad for our soil, air and water. Actually we can make use of some garbage again. And first, we need to sort our garbage. For example, if you put an old battery (电池) into the “harmful waste” bin, people can use it to make new batteries. But if you don’t, the battery will end up somewhere else. Then, it will pollute the environment . Can’t factories sort garbage for us? Yes, they can. But it takes many workers to do this and costs lots of money. If we all sort our own garbage, things will become much easier. Garbage sorting and recycling around the world • Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. You can put bottles in the machines and get money back. You can get one to two yuan per bottle. People like this because they can get money and protect the environment at the same time. • Japan: A trash truck (垃圾车) comes to people’s doors to pick up their garbage. It plays music when it’s coming. There are eight or more kinds of garbage. If you sort any of them wrong, you will get a notice on your door. • Indonesia: People can take buses for free if they give plastic bottles to bus stations. An hour-long bus ride costs three large bottles, five medium bottles or 10 plastic cups. But the bottles must be clean. 26.What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A.Shanghai is the first city in China to make a garbage-sorting policy. B.China is the first country in the world to make a garbage-sorting policy. C.Many other cities in China have garbage-sorting policies. D.Many people don’t like Shanghai’s garbage-sorting policy. 27.Why can’t we ask factories to sort garbage? A.Because we don’t have this kind of factory. B.Because it takes too many workers to do it. C.Because factories ask for too much money. D.Because not all garbage can go to factories. 28.What’s the main idea of the passage? A.Why we sort garbage. B.How Shanghai sorts garbage. C.Sorting garbage is necessary. D.Sorting garbage is easy. B The man came early in February, one cold day, through a strong wind and a driving snow, the last snowfall of the year, walking from Bramble Hurst railway station and carrying a little black bag in his thickly gloved hand. He was wrapped (包裹) up from head to foot, and the big hat hid every inch of his face but his nose; the snow had piled itself against his shoulders and added a white cover to the bag he carried. He rushed into the “Coach and Horses” more dead than alive, and threw his bag on the floor. “A fire,” he cried, “in the name of human charity! A room and a fire!” He shook the snow from off himself in the bar, and followed Mrs. Hall into her guest parlour (客厅). Mrs. Hall lit the fire and left him there while she went to prepare him a meal with her own hands. As soon as the meal was well under way, she carried cloth, plates, and glasses into the parlour. Although the fire was burning up, she was surprised to see that her visitor still wore his hat and coat, standing with his back to her and looking out of the window at the falling snow in the yard. He seemed to be lost in thought. “Can I take your hat and coat, sir?” she said, “and give them a good dry in the kitchen?” “No,” he said without turning. She was not sure if he had heard her, and was about to repeat her question. He turned his head and looked at her over his shoulder. “I like to keep them on,” he said, and she noticed that he wore big blue glasses, and had a bushy side-whisker (胡须) that hid his whole face. “Very well, sir,” she said. “As you like. In a bit the room will be warmer.” The man didn’t answer and turned his face away from her again. Mrs. Hall went out of the room. When she returned, the man was still standing there like a man of stone. “Your lunch is ready, sir.” “Thank you,” he said at the same time, and did not move until she was closing the door. 29.Which question can Paragraph 1 answer? A.Where was the man walking from? B.What did the man do for a living? C.Why did the man carry a little black bag? D.What was the man like when he came? 30.How did the writer show readers that the man was cold in Paragraph 2? A.By describing his actions. B.By telling us what he thought. C.By describing the weather. D.By giving details of the parlour. 31.What can readers know about from the conversation between the man and Mrs. Hall? A.Mrs. Hall was rude. B.Mrs. Hall was angry. C.The man was strange. D.The man was hungry. 参考答案: 1.B 【详解】句意:神舟18号于2024年4月25日晚进入太空。 考查介词辨析。in后跟年、月、季节等大的时间;on后跟具体某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上;at后跟时刻;to到。根据“the evening of April 25th, 2024.”可知,此处是具体的某一天的晚上,用介词on。故选B。 2.D 【详解】句意:巴黎奥林匹克运动会将于2024年7月至8月举行。 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“July to August, 2024”可知,句子时态用一般将来时;主语The Paris Olympic Games和谓语动词hold之间是被动关系,要用被动语态will be done。故选D。 3.B 【详解】句意:政府计划到2025年为止建设400多个袖珍公园等,增加绿地以改善生活环境。 考查名词辨析。style方式;environment环境;methods方法;cost花费。根据“The government plans to add more green spaces to improve our living...”可知,“to improve our living...”指的是改善生活环境,故选B。 4.C 【详解】句意:有很多俗语要求我们努力工作,比如“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”和“熟能生巧”。 考查形容词辨析。generous慷慨的;confident自信的;hard-working努力的;organized有条理的。根据“the early bird catches the worm”可知这句谚语是告诉人们要努力。故选C。 5.D 【详解】句意:张桂梅自2009年开办学校以来,已将近2000名女生送到全国各地的高校。 考查连词辨析。when当……时;after在之后;until直到;since自从。句子时态是现在完成时,应用since。故选D。 6.A 【详解】句意:当交通灯变成红色时,汽车、公共汽车和自行车必须停下来。 考查情态动词。must必须;may可以;need需要;can能,会。根据常识以及“when traffic lights change to red.”可知交通灯变成红色时。车辆必须停下来。故选A。 7.B 【详解】句意:与谷歌或百度等搜索引擎不同, ChatGPT 在学习上真的更进一步了。 考查副词辨析。closer更接近;further进一步,在更大程度上;wider更广阔地;harder更努力地,更艰苦地。根据题干“Unlike engines such as Google or Baidu, ChatGPT really goes a step ...” 可知,在拿ChatGPT与其他搜索引擎进行比较,应用比较级。由常识可知,ChatGPT比其他搜索引擎更先进,go a step further 意为“更进一步”。故选B。 8.D 【详解】句意:——电影《流浪地球2》最近上映。——太遗憾了!我还没看呢。 考查时态。由句中“yet”知,此句应用现在完成时,表示还没有看这部电影,其构成为“has/have+过去分词”,故选D。 9.B 【详解】句意:大地震后,数千名志愿者走上街头向灾民分发瓶装水和食物。 考查动词短语,get out出去;hand out分发;put out扑灭;run out用完。观察句子,结合句意在地震后应该是志愿者向灾民分发瓶装水和食物,故选B。 10.D 【详解】句意:——为了确保节目顺利进行,需要更多的志愿者。——我加入了!众人拾柴火焰高。 考查副词辨析。slowly缓慢地;silently沉默地;specially特别地;smoothly顺利地。根据“more volunteers are needed.”可知,为了确保节目顺利进行,需要更多的志愿者。故选D。 11.C 【详解】句意:我父母在天津出差整整一周了。所以这些天我和我叔叔住在一起。 考查短语辨析。have been to曾去过某地;have gone to已经去了某地;have been in待在某地;have been away已经离开某地。根据“So I live with my uncle these days”可知,父母现在在天津出差,故排除选项A和D。根据“for a whole week”可知,此处表示一段时间,不能用瞬间动词,故排除B。故选C。 12.B 【详解】句意:——吴先生推荐了许多书。你决定先读哪本书了吗?——是的。小王子。考查疑问词辨析题。A. how to read怎么读;B. which to read读哪本;;C. when to read何时候读;D. where to read在哪读。根据回答Yes. The Little Prince.,可知ACD三项不合句意,故选B。 13.A 【详解】句意:房子前面过去有一条河,但现在政府把它变成了农田。 考查used短语和there be句型。used to do过去(常常)做;be used to do被用来做。根据“but now”可知,空处表示过去的情况,排除C和D;there be表示“有”,不和have“有”连用,排除B;there used to be“过去有”符合语境和语法。故选A。 14.C 【详解】句意:——你介意我借这本杂志吗?——一点也不。但你应该在一周内还给我。 考查情景交际。You’d better not你最好不要;Of course当然;Not at all一点也不;Never mind没关系。根据“But you should return it to me in a week.”可知,是不介意借出杂志,表示不介意应用Not at all。故选C。 15.C 【详解】句意:看右边的信息。上面说什么? 考查情景交际。根据表格内容可知,Nick这周的游泳课由周四变成了周二,故选C。 16.D 17.A 18.B 19.D 20.B 21.B 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.C 【导语】本文讲述了作者的小儿子马丁只有看到路过家门口的垃圾回收车才会高兴,作者向司机说明情况后,司机开始帮助他们,并在男孩生日时送了他一份特别的礼物。 16.句意:我带他去很多医院看医生,但效果不太好。 teachers老师;farmers农民;workers工人;doctors医生。根据“in many hospitals”可知,医生在医院里,故选D。 17.句意:每天下午,他都跑到房子前面,等着卡车。 waiting for等待;cleaning up清理;taking down记下;fixing up修理。根据“he raced to the front of the house”可知,作者儿子等着垃圾回收车的到来,故选A。 18.句意:当我们迟到而错过卡车时,马丁会非常失望。 caught抓住;missed错过;changed改变;noticed注意。根据“Martin would be very disappointed (失望的)”可知,马丁失望的前提是错过卡车的到来,故选B。 19.句意:你的到来对我儿子来说是最激动人心的时刻。 strange奇怪的;dangerous危险的;boring无聊的;exciting激动的。根据上文“Nothing could make him happy except (除了) the recycling truck (垃圾回收车) passing by my house.”可知,马丁看到卡车时很激动,故选D。 20.句意:也许我可以在到达之前给你发个信息。 after在……之后;before在……之前;and和;or或者。根据“Maybe I can send you a message...I arrive”可知,在到达之前发个信息给作者,这样他们就知道卡车要来了,故选B。 21.句意:第二天,当我和马丁站在车道旁时,我们看到那辆绿色的卡车发出一声响亮的嘟嘟声沿街而下。 red红色的;green绿色的;yellow黄色的;pink粉色的。根据下文“Inside, there was a green model truck like his.”可知,车子是绿色的,故选B。 22.句意:儿子很惊讶,高兴地抬起头来感谢他。 heavily重地;happily开心地;sadly伤心地;seriously严肃地。根据“and thanked him.”可知,马丁很开心,故选B。 23.句意:聊了几分钟后,他就要去上班了。 minutes分钟;hours小时;days天;years年。根据“he was about to leave for work”可知,司机要去上班,所以就聊几分钟,故选A。 24.句意:他不停地摇头,拒绝我的钱。 threw扔;accepted接受;refused拒绝;borrowed借。根据“I tried to give him some money for his help. He kept shaking his head”可知,作者给他钱,他拒绝了,故选C。 25.句意:你永远不知道什么时候你会成为那个需要帮助的人。 rest休息;medicine药;help帮助;light光。根据“And I have been ready to help others whenever I can”可知,这里指的是人与人之间的帮助,故选C。 26.A 27.B 28.C 【导语】本文主要讲述了垃圾分类的必要性。 26.推理判断题。根据“On July 1, Shanghai introduced a new garbage-sorting policy (垃圾分类政策)...Other cities in China will do the same soon.”可知,7月1日,上海出台了新的垃圾分类政策,中国的其他城市也将很快这样做。由此推知,上海是中国第一个进行垃圾分类的城市。故选A。 27.细节理解题。根据“But it takes many workers to do this”可知,不能要求工厂为我们分类垃圾是因为需要太多的工人来做这项工作。故选B。 28.主旨大意题。根据“Why is garbage sorting a big problem? It’s because there is too much garbage these days.”并通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了垃圾分类的必要性。故选C。 29.D 30.A 31.C 【导语】本文描述了一个男人在寒冷的二月早晨来到了一个小旅馆的事情。 29.细节理解题。根据第一段“walking from Bramble Hurst railway station and carrying a little black bag in his thickly gloved hand. He was wrapped(包裹)up from head to foot, and the big hat hid every inch of his face but his nose;the snow had piled itself against his shoulders and added a white cover to the bag he carried.”可知,第一段描述了这个人出现的时候是什么样子的,故选D。 30.细节理解题。根据第二段“He rushed into the ‘Coach and Horses’ more dead than alive, and threw his bag on the floor. ‘A fire,’ he cried, ‘in the name of human charity! A room and a fire!’”可知,他冲进“马车”,奄奄一息,把包扔在地上。“一堆火,”他喊道,“以人类慈善的名义!一个房间和一堆火!”此处描述了他的行为。故选A。 31.推理判断题。根据第三段“Although the fire was burning up, she was surprised to see that her visitor still wore his hat and coat, standing with his back to her and looking out of the window at the falling snow in the yard. He seemed to be lost in thought.”可知,虽然火已经烧起来了,但她惊讶地发现,来访者仍然戴着帽子和外套,背对她站着,望着窗外院子里飘落的雪似乎陷入了沉思。此处可推知这个人很奇怪。故选C。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$