精品解析：上海市闵行区上海师范大学附属中学闵行分校2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

上师大附中闵行分校2023学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。 2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 I．Listening comprehension (10+20) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．It goes with her shoes. B．The color suits her. C．The style doesn’t fit her well. D．It is a little bit expensive. 2．A．It was well organized. B．It was clean. C．It was messed up. D．It was tidy. 3．A．He has been hiding lately. B．He has been back home. C．He has to work hard for travelling expenses. D．He has been busy preparing his trip. 4．A．On the telephone. B．On the Internet. C．In an office. D．At the woman’s home. 5．A．He agrees with the woman. B．He hasn’t been to the play recently. C．He doesn’t know much about basketball. D．He doesn’t think the team has been playing well. 6．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 7．A．Finish his term paper. B．Hand in the paper. C．Read it to the woman. D．Correct the errors in the paper. 8．A．She prefers to exercise in the afternoon. B．The man should continue with his exercise. C．It is important to make warming-up exercise. D．The man should start to exercise one month later. 9．A．He regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time B．He has trouble getting along with the professor. C．He knows the professor has run into trouble. D．He knows the professor has been busy. 10．A．The plane is full. B．The flight is cancelled. C．The plane is late. D．The plane has broken down. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11．A．16 years old B．11years old. C．5 years old. D．6 years old. 12．A．The life in London during World War II. B．Figuring out how to cry on cue (暗示). C．Changing his Australian accent. D．Working with the famous actors 13．A．The possibilities that acting provides. B．The excitement that playing guitar brings. C．The life of being accompanied by his mother. D．The applause he is getting from the audience. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14．A．A digital image B．A detailed map C．A developed film D．A useful Facebook 15．A．Public security B．Computer software C．Special offers D．Customers’ needs 16．A．It will be impossible. B．It will be popular. C．It will be out of date. D．It will raise concerns. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17．A．The man speaker feels guilty. B．The woman speaker feels harmful. C．Both speakers think it funny. D．Many students dislike the post. 18．A．Unhappy. B．Calm. C．Content. D．Pleased. 19．A．He treated Sam kindly. B．He made fun of Sam. C．He learned to live with it. D．He pushed Sam downstairs. 20．A．Bullying is uncommon in the school. B．The man speaker will apologize to Bill about what he posted about Bill. C．The man speaker was fully convinced by the woman speaker. D．The woman speaker thinks bullying does students harm in grades. II．Grammar and Vocabulary (10+20) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives. Why is this? Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States ___1___ (not allow) to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting ___2___ (bring) attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country’s need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was ___3___ (arouse) people’s awareness of the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States. Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, ___4___ is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists. Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just ___5___ it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. ___6___ he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered ___7___ fasting brought about after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away. Sinclair said that fasting also made him ___8___ (alert) and energetic. Despite the advantages, choosing to go___9___ food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn’t stop people from ____10____ (fast) for political, religious, or health reasons. 【答案】1. weren’t allowed 2. would bring 3. to arouse 4. which 5. because 6. Whenever 7. what 8. more alert 9. without 10. fasting 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文，文章主要介绍了人们选择禁食的原因。 【1题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：在 20 世纪初，英国和美国的女性不被允许投票。主语women与动词allow之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语in the early 20th century，要用一般过去时的被动语态，故填weren’t allowed。 【2题详解】 考查过去将来时。句意：她们希望禁食会引起对这种不公正的关注。主句hoped是一般过去时，宾语从句要用过去将来时，故填would bring。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他的目标是唤起人们对美国农场工人恶劣工作条件的认识。空白处在句子中做表语表示主语的目的，用动词不定式，故填to arouse。 【4题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：每年在斋月期间，这是一个宗教节日，穆斯林从日出到日落禁食。这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词是Ramadan，在定语从句中作主语，且逗号前是非限制性定语从句，不能用that，故填which。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：有些人偶尔禁食只是因为这让他们感觉更好。根据下文“it makes them feel better (这让他们感觉更好)”可知前后句是因果关系，故填because。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：每当他感冒或发烧时，他就完全停止进食。根据空白处下文“he had a cold or a fever(他感冒或发烧)”可知，这是一个包含时间状语从句的复合句，whenever 表示“无论何时；每当”，引导时间状语从句，故填Whenever。 【7题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：另一位美国作家厄普顿·辛克莱在多年暴饮暴食、消化不良和头痛之后发现了禁食带来的影响。discovered后接宾语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，故填what。 【8题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：辛克莱说，禁食也让他更警觉、更有活力。根据上文“His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away.(他的禁食持续了12天。在此期间，他的头疼和肚子痛消失了)”可知，此处将禁食前后进行比较，应使用形容词的比较级，故填more alert。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管有这些好处，但选择不吃东西可能非常危险。根据上文“His first fast last for 12 days (他的禁食持续了12天)”可知此处说的是禁食，go without为固定短语，表示“没有……也行；忍受没有……”，故填without。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这并没有阻止人们出于政治、宗教或健康原因禁食。stop sb. from doing sth为固定短语，表示“阻止某人做某事”，from是介词，后接动名词，故填fasting。 Section B (A) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics B．experimented C．supply D．sufficient E．feed F．resolve G．hazardous H．novel I．processed J．produced K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be ____11____ food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could ____12____ this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a ____13____ thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on ____14____ food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The ____15____ of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go ____16____. What will we do then? ____17____ of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t ____18____ enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already ____19____ with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to _____20_____ millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. 【答案】11. D 12. F 13. H 14. I 15. C 16. K 17. A 18. J 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了世界人口增长和随之而来的潜在食物短缺问题，以及养鱼作为解决方案的利弊。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：到2030年，地球上可能将有80亿人口。会有足够的食物供给所有这些人吗，还是会发生食物短缺？根据后文“or will we have a food shortage(还是会发生食物短缺)”可知，此处应表示“足够的”，形容词。故选D项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，其他科学家担心养鱼可能会引起严重的环境问题。根据前文“some scientists think fish farming could(其他科学家担心养鱼可能会)”以及下文“this problem(这一问题)”可知，此处应表示“解决”含义的动词。故选F项。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：养鱼不是一件新鲜事。根据前文“Fish farming is not a(养鱼不是一件)”和后文“There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago(三千多年前在中国就有渔场)”可知，此处应表示“新奇的，新颖的”，使用形容词作定语。故选H项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：不幸的是，许多养鱼场开始养殖食肉鱼类。一种受欢迎的食肉鱼类是鲑鱼。这些食肉鱼类以加工食物为食，这些食物由野生鱼类制成。根据后文“made from wild fish(由野生鱼类制成)”可知，此处应表示“加工”。故选I项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，这需要多达5吨的野生鱼类才能生产出1吨的养鱼场养殖鲑鱼。根据后文“wild fish is already decreasing(野生鱼的……正在下降)”可知，此处应表示“供应”。故选C项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最终，许多野生鱼类可能会灭绝。根据上文“wild fish could go(野生鱼会……)”以及下文“What will we do then?(那个时候我们应该怎么办？)”可知，此处应表示“灭绝的”。故选K项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：养鱼的批评者还说，养鱼对人类来说是不健康的。根据后文“Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish (另一个批评是渔场养的鱼会将疾病传播至野生鱼)”可知，此处应表示“批评者”。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：然而，现在使用的方法还没有产生足够的鱼类。根据后文“enough fish (足够的鱼)”可知，此处应表示“产生”。故选J项。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：几个国家已经在深海养殖场进行了实验。根据后文“with deep-ocean farms(深海养殖场)”可知，此处应表示“对……进行实验”。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：渔场养殖有助于养活数百万人。根据后文“millions of people(数百万人)”可知，此处应表示“养活”。故选E项。 (B) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. demonstration B. conversation C. escaped D. marching E. campaigning F. reluctantly G. absorbing H. participated I. prohibited J. completely K. exhaustion The summer heat has reached its breaking point for a group of high school students in Wales, as the boys decided to protest their school’s strict uniform policy which ____21____ wearing shorts no matter what weather, by showing up to school in skirts. After they ____22____ to the bathroom to change into all-black skirts, seventeen White church High School students emerged wearing skirts on campus, and they ____23____ in the campaign to resist the customary uniform trousers. The boys’ ____24____ was less an act of politically urged civil disobedience than it was a way to beat the heat. While none of the boys were punished for their protesting efforts, the movement was short-lived. After proudly ____25____ into the headmaster’s office shouting “we want to wear shorts”, they were quickly ordered to change back into trousers. “We had a ____26____ with some boys and they have worn trousers,” said Principal Jones Williams. Protester Tyrone Evelyn, 15, told Wales Online that the group would continue ____27____ for a change. “It’s just appropriate for the weather. Over the last few days I’ve had a few headaches and skin irritations. Girls can wear skirts, so I don’t see why we can’t wear shorts. It’s a reasonable protest.” The boys ____28____ agreed to write a letter to their Students’ Union, applying for a rule change by next summer. Heat ____29____ and heat stroke are the two most common illnesses that occur when temperature rises. According to Mayo Clinic, wearing loose-fitting and light-colored clothing helps protected person from trapping sweat or ____30____ too much heat. 【答案】21. I 22. C 23. H 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. E 28. J 29. K 30. G 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁属于新闻报道。文章简洁明了地报道了一群威尔士高中生通过穿裙子来抗议学校校服政策，要求允许在炎热天气穿短裤的事件，以及事件的结果。 【21题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：对于威尔士的一群高中生来说，夏天的炎热已经到了极限，男孩们决定穿裙子去上学，以抗议学校严格的校服政策——无论什么天气都禁止穿短裤。此处为定语从句谓语动词，表示“禁止”穿短裤，且由上文谓语decided可知，事情发生在过去，which引导的定语从句时态用一般过去时，因此用prohibit“禁止”的过去式prohibited。故选I项。 【22题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在他们逃到浴室换上全黑的裙子后，17名白人教会高中的学生穿着裙子出现在校园里，他们参加了抵制传统制服裤子的运动。此处为时间状语从句谓语动词，根据语境，他们需要去洗手间换上全黑的裙子，因此应该是“逃到”洗手间去换衣服，且由主句谓语emerged可知，事情发生在过去，从句时态用一般过去时，用escape“逃离”的过去式escaped。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在他们逃到浴室换上全黑的裙子后，17名白人教会高中的学生穿着裙子出现在校园里，他们参加了抵制传统制服裤子的运动。此处为谓语动词，由in the campaign可知，他们参加了抵制传统校服裤子的运动，且由并列谓语emerged可知，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，因此用participate“参加”的过去式participated。participate in“参加”为固定搭配。故选H项。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：男孩们的这一行为与其说是一场政治驱动的公民抗命行动，不如说是一种应对高温的方式。由The boys’可知，此处需要一个名词，作为句子的主语，表示“行为”或“示威”，因此用demonstration“示威”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们骄傲地走进校长办公室，喊着“我们要穿短裤”，但很快就被要求换回长裤。介词After后需要一个动名词形式，与“into the headmaster’s office”搭配，表示一种动态的进入方式，因此用march的动名词marching，march into“行进，进入”为固定搭配。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：校长琼斯·威廉姆斯说：“我们和一些男孩进行了交谈，现在他们已经穿回了长裤。”由空前的a可知，此处需要一个名词，表示“交谈”，作为had的宾语，因用名词conversation“交谈，谈话”。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：抗议者Tyrone Evelyn，15岁，告诉Wales Online，这群人会继续为改变而运动。continue doing sth.“继续做某事”，且此处需要一个动名词形式，表示“参与活动，运动”，因此用campaign“参加运动”的动名词campaigning。故选E项。 【28题详解】 考查副词。句意：男孩们完全同意给学生会写一封信，申请在明年夏天之前改变规定。这里需要一个副词来修饰“同意”，因此用completely“完全地”，作状语。故选J项。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：热衰竭和中暑是气温升高时最常见的两种疾病。由空后的when temperature rises可知，这里表示由于高温而造成的疾病，heat exhaustion表示“热衰竭”，是一种因长时间暴露在高温环境中而引起的疾病，用名词exhaustion。故选K项。 【30题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据Mayo Clinic的说法，穿宽松和浅色的衣服有助于保护人们不出汗或吸收过多的热量。protect...from...“保护……免受……的影响”。根据空前的or可知，本空用动名词，与空前的trapping并列，作from的宾语，用absorb“吸收”的动名词absorbing。故选G项。 III．Reading Comprehension (15+30) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But,___31___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often___32___the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—___33___that the customer remains a customer.___34___to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing___35___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the___36___implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big___37___in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to___38___increases of between 25 and 85 per cent. In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and___39___never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in_____40_____profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience). The logic behind cultivating customer_____41_____is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to_____42_____them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits._____43_____customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price_____44_____, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it_____45_____for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market. 31. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all 32. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe 33. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving 34. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing 35. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses 36. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical 37. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference 38. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget 39. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary 40. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable 41. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest 42. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting 43. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected 44. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive 45. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient 【答案】31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. D 39. A 40. B 41. B 42. C 43. C 44. D 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了很多公司把很多精力放在了吸引顾客的方面，而很少去关注如何留住老顾客，并说明留住老顾客的重要性。 【31题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：但事实上，智慧的话语很快就会被遗忘。A. in particular特别地；B. in reality事实上；C. at least至少；D. first of all首先。根据上文“It sounds simple and achievable. But”可知，此处表示事实上这并不那么简单。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公司一旦吸引了顾客，他们常常忽略故事的另一部分。A. emphasize强调；B. doubt怀疑；C. overlook忽略；D. believe相信。根据下文“the second half of the story”以及“They forget what they regard as the boring side of business— ___3___ that the customer remains a customer.”可知，在成功吸引顾客之后，公司常常会忽略另一部分。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们忘记了他们认为业务中令人厌烦的一面——确保顾客仍然是顾客。A. denying拒绝；B. ensuring确保；C. arguing争吵；D. proving 证明。根据下文“that the customer remains a customer.”可知，此处表示确保顾客不会流失，顾客仍然是顾客。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：未能像吸引顾客那样留住顾客每年都会使企业花费巨额成本。A. Moving移动；B. Hoping希望；C. Starting开始；D. Failing未能。根据下文“costs business huge amounts of money annually.”可知，此处表示未能像吸引顾客那样留住顾客，fail to do sth.表示“未能做某事”。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在持续变化的市场中，这并不令人吃惊。A. markets市场；B. tastes味道；C. prices价格；D. expenses花费。根据上文“It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years.”以及常识可知，此处表示公司所处的持续变化的市场。故选A。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到现在，组织才开始意识到那些失去的机会，并计算其对财务的影响。A. culture文化的；B. social社会的；C. financial财务的；D. economical经济的。根据下文“Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting customers led to ___8___ increases of between 25 and 85 per cent.”可知，组织意识到失去的机会对于财务的影响。故选C。 【37题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：减少一个公司失去的顾客数量会对它的业绩产生重大影响。A. promise承诺；B. plan计划；C. mistake错误；D. difference区别。根据上文“Cutting down the number of customers a company loses”可知，减少失去的顾客数量会对公司业绩产生重大影响，make a difference表示“有影响”，符合语境。故选D。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美国的研究发现，流失的顾客数量减少5%，会导致预算增加25%至85%。A. cost费用；B. opportunity机会；C. profit利润；D. budget预算。根据下文“____13____ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers.”可知，原有顾客的服务成本更低，所以顾客流失会导致预算增加。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：一个顾客在第一次访问时收到了质量较差的产品或服务，结果再也没有回来，这将使公司损失数千美元的潜在利润（如果你考虑到他们可能会告诉多少人他们的糟糕经历，这会更多）。A. as a result结果；B. on the whole总体来讲；C. in conclusion总之；D. on the contrary相反。根据上文“A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit”可知，此处表示结果是顾客再也不会回来。故选A。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个顾客在第一次访问时收到了质量较差的产品或服务，结果再也没有回来，这将使公司损失数千美元的潜在利润（如果你考虑到他们可能会告诉多少人他们的糟糕经历，这会更多）。A. huge巨大的；B. potential潜在的；C. extra额外的；D. reasonable合情合理的。根据下文“more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience”以及常识可知，此处表示公司会失去潜在的顾客，损失潜在的利润。故选B。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养顾客忠诚度背后的逻辑是不可否认的。A. beliefs相信；B. loyalty忠诚；C. habits习惯；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits.”可知，此处表示留住顾客，培养顾客的忠诚度。故选B。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，大多数公司的营销努力都集中在吸引顾客上，而很少注意到如何留住顾客。A. altering改变；B. understanding理解；C. keeping留下；D. attracting吸引。根据上文“most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to”可知，公司会努力吸引顾客，但是很少注意到如何留住顾客。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与新顾客相比，老顾客倾向于购买更多、可预测且通常服务成本更低。A. Assumed假定的；B. Respected受尊重的；C. Established已建立的；D. Unexpected意想不到的。根据下文“than new customers”可知，此处表示已经建立的顾客，即老顾客。故选C。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们往往对价格不太敏感，可能会提供免费的口碑广告。A. agreeable一致的；B. flexible灵活的；C. friendly友好的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“____13____ customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price”可知，此处介绍老顾客的优势，他们对价格敏感度不高。故选D。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：留住顾客也使得竞争对手很难进入一个市场或增加他们的市场份额。A. unfair不公平的；B. difficult困难的；C. essential重要的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market.”以及语境可知，此处表示留住顾客会使得竞争对手进入市场增加市场份额很困难。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fit s best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In his book The Tipping Point, Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms. It can be a general change in social behaviour, an idea or a fashion. However, why do some trends catch on and others not? What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product? How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them? Is it simply a question of keeping up with other people? In his new work, Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products, ideas messages and forms of behaviour spread. He looks at the reasons why trends are similar in the way they develop to outbreaks of disease, or medical epidemics. Epidemics, like trends, start in a very similar way, maybe from a single person with a virus, then spread very quickly until they take over the population and appear to be everywhere. Eventually, they will slowdown gradually or die out suddenly. Gladwell shows how these changes happen not gradually but at one dramatic moment. Gladwell identifies three type s of people who are influential in the development of these kinds of social epidemics. Connectors are people in a community who have wide social circles. They know a lot of people and like to introduce people to catch other. The people they know also tend to come from a variety of social, cultural professional and economic circles. Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field. They wish to pass on their knowledge to others. Mavens collect and gather information so are the first to pick up on new trends. Salesmen are people with charisma (人格魅力) and powerful negotiation skills. They have a soft influence over people rather than actual power. This means they are influential because people want to imitate them. Overall, Gladwell’s book is a thought-provoking read for anyone interested in the origins of trends. What’s more, he writes in a clear style so even the most difficult ideas are easy to understand. 46. According to Gladwell, which of the following is a similarity between trends and epidemics? A. Both of them start from nowhere. B. Both of them die out in a short time. C. Both of them become popular overnight. D. Both of them change the way people think. 47. What can be concluded from the passage about The Tipping Point? A. It is the writers first book to touch on social phenomena. B. It is intended to introduce the trends that once took over. C. It deals with the ideas that most people identify with. D. It explores how a trend originates and spreads. 48. The passage is most likely to be ______. A. an advertisement B. a review C. a news report D. a feature story 49. Salesmen work in the development of trends by means of ______. A. people’s intention to follow them B. the way they gather information C. their professional knowledge D. their influence on the trends 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。是一篇关于Malcolm Gladwell的著作《The Tipping Point》的介绍。这本书探讨了社会趋势和行为传播的方式，以及它们与流行病传播的相似之处。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Epidemics, like trends, start in a very similar way, maybe from a single person with a virus, then spread very quickly until they take over the population and appear to be everywhere. Eventually, they will slowdown gradually or die out suddenly. Gladwell shows how these changes happen not gradually but at one dramatic moment.(像趋势一样，流行病以一种非常相似的方式开始，可能从一个带有病毒的单一个体开始，然后迅速传播，直到它们占据人群并似乎无处不在。最终，它们会逐渐减缓或突然消失。格拉德威尔展示了这些变化不是逐渐发生的，而是在一个戏剧性的时刻发生的)”可知，趋势和传染病的相似之处在于它们都是迅速流行起来的，都是一夜之间变得流行。故选C项。 【47题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In his book The Tipping Point, Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms. It can be a general change in social behaviour, an idea or a fashion. However, why do some trends catch on and others not? What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product? How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them?( 在他的书《引爆点》中，加拿大作家马尔科姆·格拉德威尔解释了趋势可以采取多种形式。它可以是社会行为的一种普遍变化，一个想法或一种时尚。然而，为什么有些趋势能够流行起来，而其他的则不行？是什么让某个特定品牌的训练鞋突然成为必备产品？人们是如何发现趋势的，又是什么让人们想要购买它们？)”以及第二段“In his new work, Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products, ideas messages and forms of behaviour spread(在他的新作中，格拉德威尔探索了某事物变得普遍的时刻，以及产品、想法、信息和行为方式是如何传播的)”可知，《引爆点》这本书探讨了趋势是如何起源和传播的。故选D项。 【48题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In his book The Tipping Point, Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms. It can be a general change in social behaviour, an idea or a fashion. However, why do some trends catch on and others not? What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product? How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them?( 在他的书《引爆点》中，加拿大作家马尔科姆·格拉德威尔解释了趋势可以采取多种形式。它可以是社会行为的一种普遍变化，一个想法或一种时尚。然而，为什么有些趋势能够流行起来，而其他的则不行？是什么让某个特定品牌的训练鞋突然成为必备产品？人们是如何发现趋势的，又是什么让人们想要购买它们？)”、第二段“In his new work, Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products, ideas messages and forms of behaviour spread(在他的新作中，格拉德威尔探索了某事物变得普遍的时刻，以及产品、想法、信息和行为方式是如何传播的)”以及最后一段“Overall, Gladwell’s book is a thought-provoking read for anyone interested in the origins of trends. What’s more, he writes in a clear style so even the most difficult ideas are easy to understand(总的来说，格拉德威尔的书是一本发人深思的作品，适合任何对趋势起源感兴趣的人阅读。更重要的是，他以清晰的风格写作，即使是最困难的想法也易于理解)”可知，文章对加拿大作家 Malcolm Gladwell 的作品《引爆点》进行了介绍和评价，包括书中的观点、内容以及作者的写作风格等，所以这篇文章最有可能是一篇书评。故选B项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Salesmen are people with charisma (人格魅力) and powerful negotiation skills. They have a soft influence over people rather than actual power. This means they are influential because people want to imitate them(销售人员是有魅力和强大谈判技巧的人。他们对人们有一种柔和的影响，而不是实际的权力。这意味着他们之所以有影响力，是因为人们想要模仿他们)”可知，销售人员通过人们想要追随他们的意愿在趋势的发展中发挥作用。故选A项。 (B) Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition Tour Overview Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition is the world’s largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London’s Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare’s world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations. Highlights Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare’s day All-day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition Actors, recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare’s world to life Schedule April 23 to October 9 9:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days. October 10 to March 31 10:00am to 5:00pm. Important note: Rehearsals(排练) will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead. Additional info Inclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to Exhibition Guided tour of Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people) Exclusions(不包含项目): Hotel pickup and drop off Food and drinks, unless specified Pricing Click the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible - we 100% guarantee it. VIEW PRICING AND AVAILABLE Theatre Tour and Exhibition Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition $22.34 Theatre Tour and Afternoon Tea Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition plus Afternoon Tea at 3:00pm in the Swan Brasserie or Bar. $62.89 50. The passage can be found ___________. A. in a newspaper B. in a magazine C. on the Internet D. in a guidebook 51. In this Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour, we can _________. A. visit the original Globe Theatre B. enjoy a British afternoon tea for free C. experience Shakespeare’s world in an interactive way D. visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre 52. What is true about the tour according to the passage? A. Rehearsals may affect the tour. B. The pricing remains the same. C. Performances take place throughout the year. D. The opening hours are the same in May and in November. 【答案】50. C 51. C 52. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了莎士比亚环球剧院与巡回展览的相关信息。 【50题详解】 细节理解题。由Pricing 中的“Click the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible - we 100% guarantee it.”可知，文章来源于网上。故C选项正确。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。由Overview中的 “..... brings Shakespeare’s world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations..”可知，在这次莎士比亚环球剧院之旅中，我们可以以一种互动的方式体验莎士比亚的世界。故C选项正确 【52题详解】 细节理解题。由Important note中的“Rehearsals(排练) will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run.”可知，排练可能影响旅行。故A选项正确。 (C) The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban design” in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers. The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents. The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods. The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design. “With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design. “We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses.” To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations. Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health. Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”, said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common.” 53. By considering “invisible value of urban design”, people can _______. A. reduce the ageing population B. slow down the pace of urbanization C. promote activity-friendly and walkable cities D. invest in preventing and curing heart diseases 54. What can be inferred from the passage? A. A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability. B. Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure. C. Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health. D Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability. 55. All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT _______. A. failing health B. unhealthy lifestyle C. fewer social interactions D. fewer neighborhoods 56. According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, _______. A. cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactions B. the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail density C. money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses D. chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment 【答案】53. C 54. B 55. D 56. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现社区步行能力提高、血压降低和居民高血压风险降低之间存在显著关联，因此我们必须考虑城市规划和设计的无形价值，促进城市的活动友好性和可步行性。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中的“we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable”可知，我们能够通过小区设计上的微小改变来投资建设健康的城市，使其更便于活动和步行，由此可知，通过考虑城市设计的无形价值，人们可以促进城市的活动友好性和可步行性，故C项正确。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents.”可知，研究发现社区步行能力提高、血压降低和居民高血压风险降低之间存在显著关联，由此可知，适宜步行的城市可以降低血压和患高血压的风险，故B项正确。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health.”可知，设计不当的空间通常会减少步行和体力活动，促进长时间坐着不动的生活方式；对社会交往有害，因此与较差的身心健康有关，由此可知，设计糟糕的社区的不良后果包括健康状况不佳、不健康的生活方式以及较少的社会交往，而没有提到较少的社区，故D项正确。 【56题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Because walkability was based on the underlying design of the city , said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains ”可知，Sarkar说，由于步行能力是基于城市的基础设计，城市可以被修改或设计来鼓励步行能力，这类对健康设计的投资很可能带来长期收益，言外之意，他认为投资于创建健康城市的资金是节省在未来医疗费用上的资金，故C项正确。 【点睛】本篇第4题难度较大，抓住Chinmoy Sarkar在文中说的话是关键，根据最后一段中的“Because walkability was based on the underlying design of the city , said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains ”可知，Sarkar说，由于步行能力是基于城市的基础设计，城市可以被修改或设计来鼓励步行能力，这类对健康设计的投资很可能带来长期收益，上文又说适宜步行的城市可以降低血压和患高血压的风险，由此可知，他认为投资于创建健康城市的资金是节省在未来医疗费用上的资金，故C项正确。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). ___________57___________ The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. ___________58___________ These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). ___________59___________ If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. ___________60___________ Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A. They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B. Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C. Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D. In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E. They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F. For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. 【答案】57. B 58. F 59. E 60. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。缺乏自制力往往让我们无法达成目标，文章对如何提高自制力进行了一些介绍。 【57题详解】 根据前文“Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). (我们最担心的问题，从暴饮暴食到没有足够的退休储蓄到没有足够的锻炼，都有一个共同点：缺乏自制力。自我控制是让我们有能力拒绝那些能让我们立刻感到满足，但从长远来看代价高昂的选择——一块巧克力蛋糕（而不是一个苹果），一个下午躺在沙发前（而不是去健身房）。)”可知，此处是讲缺乏自制力让我们往往无法达成目标，所以选项B“尽管我们的意愿是最好的，但我们经常无法实现我们的目标。”切合文意。故选B。 【58题详解】 根据后文“These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. (这些激励可以提高我们的自制力，至少在一定程度上是这样。)”可知，此处是指有自制力的人往往很有动力点，所以选项F“例如，研究发现，当人们知道他们的努力会得到回报，或者当他们被告知他们的工作将使他人受益时，他们会坚持更长的时间来完成需要自我控制的任务。”切合文意。故选F。 【59题详解】 根据前文“To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). (举一个著名的例子，在承诺合同网站stickK.com上，用户先投下一些钱（比如200美元），然后陈述一个他们想要实现的目标（比如一个月减掉10磅）。)”和后文“If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. (如果他们达到了目标，他们就能赚回自己的钱。如果他们不这样做，他们就会失去这笔钱。)”可知，此处是指用户需要陈述没有达成目标会受到的惩罚，所以选项E“他们还需要说明，如果他们不遵守承诺，这笔钱会怎么处理（例如，这笔钱会捐给他们不喜欢的朋友或慈善机构）。”切合文意。故选E。 【60题详解】 根据前文“My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. (我和我的同事进行了一项新的研究，指出了一个可能更容易实施的不同解决方案：使用仪式。)”和后文“Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. (参加各种运动的运动员都有一些仪式，比如在比赛前按照完全相同的顺序吃同样的食物。)”可知，此处是介绍“仪式”是什么，所以选项C“仪式是我们采取的一系列步骤，同时附加某种象征意义。”切合文意。故选C。 IV．Translation (3+3+4+5+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 这部纪录片旨在呼吁人们保护濒临灭绝的物种。(appeal)(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This documentary aims to appeal to people to protect endangered species. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。表示“旨在”应用动词短语aim to do，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，又因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式；表示“呼吁某人做某事”短语为appeal to sb. to do sth；“保护”可翻译为protect，“濒临灭绝的物种”可翻译为endangered species。故翻译为This documentary aims to appeal to people to protect endangered species. 62. 经常洗手和保持社交距离可以抑制病毒的传播。(spread) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Frequent hand washing and maintaining social distance can suppress the spread of viruses. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、非谓语动词以及短语。句子陈述一般的状况，时态使用一般现在时。根据句意，可以把主句写成主谓宾结构，主语“经常洗手和保持社交距离”是并列结构，“经常洗手”可以使用frequent hand washing，“保持”的英语是动词maintain，“社交距离”的英语是social distance，“保持社交距离”用于主语位置，应使用动名词形式maintaining social distance；谓语动词“可以抑制”用动词情态动词can +suppress；“传播”使用所给名词spread充当宾语，“病毒的传播”使用of短语of viruses修饰名词spread。故翻译为Frequent hand washing and maintaining social distance can suppress the spread of viruses. 63. 一听说这款新上市的电动车打9折出售，消费者们纷纷涌入这家汽车销售店试驾。(flood) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As soon as they heard that the newly launched electric car was sold at a 10% discount, consumers flooded into the car dealership for a test drive. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和固定短语。“一……就……”翻译为as soon as 引导状语从句；“听说”翻译为heard，因从句表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；“新上市的”翻译为newly launched；“打9折出售”翻译为was sold at a 10% discount ；“涌入”使用flood into，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时；“汽车销售店”为car dealership；“试驾”为for a test drive。故翻译为：As soon as they heard that the newly launched electric car was sold at a 10% discount, consumers flooded into the car dealership for a test drive。 64. 有些青少年热衷于在各大网络平台为喜欢的歌手投票，因此浪费了大量的时间。(enthusiastic) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some teenagers are so enthusiastic about voting for their favorite singers on various online platforms that they waste a lot of time. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、固定搭配、名词、非谓语动词、形容词。表示“有些”用some，表示“青少年”用teenager，根据“有些青少年”可知，用复数teenagers，some teenagers作主语，some位于句首，首字母大写。表示“热衷于”用固定搭配be enthusiastic about，本句描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词用are。表示“为……投票”用固定搭配vote for，用动名词，作about的宾语。表示“喜欢的”用形容词favorite，作前置定语，修饰名词“歌手”。表示“歌手”用singer，结合句意可知，歌手不止一个，应用名词复数形式，their favorite singers作voting for的宾语。表示“网络平台”用online platform，网络平台不止一个，应用名词复数形式。表示“各种各样的”用形容词various，作前置定语，修饰online platform，on various online platforms作地点状语。表示“如此以至于”用固定句型so...that...，so后用形容词enthusiastic，that引导结果状语从句。从句中：表示“他们”用they，作主语；表示“浪费”用waste，作谓语；表示“大量的”用a lot of；表示“时间”用time，a lot of time作waste的宾语。故翻译为Some teenagers are so enthusiastic about voting for their favorite singers on various online platforms that they waste a lot of time. 65. 正是因为没有抵制金钱和名誉的诱惑，那位名人违反了法律，最终她不得不为此付出惨重的代价。(price) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Just because she didn’t resist the temptation of money and fame, the celebrity broke the law and eventually she had to pay a heavy price for it. 【解析】 【详解】考查原因状语从句和固定短语。“正是因为”可翻译为just because；“抵制……的诱惑”可翻译为resist the temptation of；“违反法律”翻译为break the law；“不得不做某事”翻译为have to do sth.；“付出惨重的代价”翻译为pay a heavy price for sth。因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故翻译为Just because she didn’t resist the temptation of money and fame, the celebrity broke the law and eventually she had to pay a heavy price for it. V．Guided Writing (25) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的王磊，你班本学期剩余一笔总额三千元的班费class fee结余，目前有两个方案：1．为教室添加一台空气净化器；2．为每位同学订阅一份英语周报Shanghai Students’ Post。请你给班委会class committee写一封信，谈谈你的看法，必须包括： 1．你赞同的方案； 2．你赞同该方案的理由； 3．你对于执行此方案的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear class committee, As we all know, there is a class fee balance of 3,000 yuan remaining for this semester. At present, there are two ways to spend it: one is to add an air purifier to the classroom; the other is to subscribe to the Shanghai Students’ Post for each student. I am in favor of subscribing to the Shanghai Students’ Post. For one thing, the Shanghai Students’ Post is a good journal for our English studies. For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. We should set aside two classes every week for our students to read it, and find an opportunity to let the students report on what they have read. Yours, Wang Lei 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给班委会写一封信，谈谈对如何使用本学期剩余班费方案的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 学期：semester → term 目前：at present → now 支持：be in favor of → support 机会：opportunity → chance 2句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：For one thing, the Shanghai Students’ Post is a good journal for our English studies. For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. 拓展句：Not only is the Shanghai Students’ Post a good journal for our English studies, but also it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons. 【点睛】[高分句型1] For another, it contains a lot of useful information and some interesting stories for us to read, which broaden our horizons.(运用了关系代词which 引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] We should set aside two classes every week for our students to read it, and find an opportunity to let the students report on what they have read.(运用了连接代词what引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上师大附中闵行分校2023学年度第二学期期末考试 高一英语试卷 考生注意： 1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。 2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。 I．Listening comprehension (10+20) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1．A．It goes with her shoes. B．The color suits her. C．The style doesn’t fit her well. D．It is a little bit expensive. 2．A．It was well organized. B．It was clean. C．It was messed up. D．It was tidy. 3．A．He has been hiding lately. B．He has been back home. C．He has to work hard for travelling expenses. D．He has been busy preparing his trip. 4．A．On the telephone. B．On the Internet. C．In an office. D．At the woman’s home. 5．A．He agrees with the woman. B．He hasn’t been to the play recently. C．He doesn’t know much about basketball. D．He doesn’t think the team has been playing well. 6．A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 7．A．Finish his term paper. B．Hand in the paper. C．Read it to the woman. D．Correct the errors in the paper. 8．A．She prefers to exercise in the afternoon. B．The man should continue with his exercise. C．It is important to make warming-up exercise. D．The man should start to exercise one month later 9．A．He regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time. B．He has trouble getting along with the professor. C．He knows the professor has run into trouble. D．He knows the professor has been busy. 10．A．The plane is full. B．The flight is cancelled. C．The plane is late. D．The plane has broken down. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11．A．16 years old. B．11years old. C．5 years old. D．6 years old. 12．A．The life in London during World War II. B．Figuring out how to cry on cue (暗示). C．Changing his Australian accent. D．Working with the famous actors 13．A．The possibilities that acting provides. B．The excitement that playing guitar brings. C．The life of being accompanied by his mother. D．The applause he is getting from the audience. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14．A．A digital image B．A detailed map C．A developed film D．A useful Facebook 15．A．Public security B．Computer software C．Special offers D．Customers’ needs 16．A．It will be impossible. B．It will be popular. C．It will be out of date. D．It will raise concerns. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17．A．The man speaker feels guilty. B．The woman speaker feels harmful. C．Both speakers think it funny. D．Many students dislike the post. 18．A．Unhappy. B．Calm. C．Content. D．Pleased. 19．A．He treated Sam kindly. B．He made fun of Sam. C．He learned to live with it. D．He pushed Sam downstairs. 20．A．Bullying is uncommon in the school. B．The man speaker will apologize to Bill about what he posted about Bill. C．The man speaker was fully convinced by the woman speaker. D．The woman speaker thinks bullying does students harm in grades. II．Grammar and Vocabulary (10+20) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Why would someone decide to stop eating? We know that the body needs food in order to function well. However, many people fast at some time during their lives. Why is this? Some people fast for political reasons. In the early 20th century, women in England and the United States ___1___ (not allow) to vote. In protest, many women went on fasts. They hoped that fasting ___2___ (bring) attention to this injustice. Mohandas Gandhi, the famous Indian leader, fasted 17 times during his life. For Gandhi, fasting was a powerful political tool. In 1943, he fasted to bring attention to his country’s need for independence. For 21 days, he went without food. Another famous faster was Cesar Chavez. In the 1960s, he fasted for three weeks. Why? His goal was ___3___ (arouse) people’s awareness of the terrible working conditions of farm workers in the United States. Fasting is also a spiritual practice in many religions. Every year during the month of Ramadan, ___4___ is a religious holiday, Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset. Many Hindus fast on special occasions, as do some Christians and Buddhists. Of course, not everyone fasts for political or religious reasons. Some people occasionally fast just ___5___ it makes them feel better. The American writer Mark Twain thought fasting was the best medicine for common illnesses. ___6___ he had a cold or a fever, he stopped eating completely. He said that this always made his cold or fever go away. Another American writer, Upton Sinclair, discovered ___7___ fasting brought about after years of overeating, indigestion, and headaches. His first fast last for 12 days. During this time, his headaches and stomachaches went away. Sinclair said that fasting also made him ___8___ (alert) and energetic. Despite the advantages, choosing to go___9___ food can be very dangerous. However, that doesn’t stop people from ____10____ (fast) for political, religious, or health reasons. Section B (A) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics B．experimented C．supply D．sufficient E．feed F．resolve G．hazardous H．novel I．processed J．produced K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be ____11____ food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could ____12____ this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a ____13____ thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on ____14____ food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The ____15____ of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go ____16____. What will we do then? ____17____ of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t ____18____ enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already ____19____ with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to _____20_____ millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. (B) Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. demonstration B. conversation C. escaped D. marching E. campaigning F. reluctantly G. absorbing H. participated I. prohibited J. completely K. exhaustion The summer heat has reached its breaking point for a group of high school students in Wales, as the boys decided to protest their school’s strict uniform policy which ____21____ wearing shorts no matter what weather, by showing up to school in skirts. After they ____22____ to the bathroom to change into all-black skirts, seventeen White church High School students emerged wearing skirts on campus, and they ____23____ in the campaign to resist the customary uniform trousers. The boys’ ____24____ was less an act of politically urged civil disobedience than it was a way to beat the heat. While none of the boys were punished for their protesting efforts, the movement was short-lived. After proudly ____25____ into the headmaster’s office shouting “we want to wear shorts”, they were quickly ordered to change back into trousers. “We had a ____26____ with some boys and they have worn trousers,” said Principal Jones Williams. Protester Tyrone Evelyn, 15, told Wales Online that the group would continue ____27____ for a change. “It’s just appropriate for the weather. Over the last few days I’ve had a few headaches and skin irritations. Girls can wear skirts, so I don’t see why we can’t wear shorts. It’s a reasonable protest.” The boys ____28____ agreed to write a letter to their Students’ Union, applying for a rule change by next summer. Heat ____29____ and heat stroke are the two most common illnesses that occur when temperature rises. According to Mayo Clinic, wearing loose-fitting and light-colored clothing helps protected person from trapping sweat or ____30____ too much heat. III．Reading Comprehension (15+30) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But,___31___, words of wisdom are soon forgotten. Once companies have attracted customers they often___32___the second half of the story. In the excitement of beating off the competition, negotiating prices, securing orders, and delivering the product, managers tend to become carried away. They forget what they regard as the boring side of business—___33___that the customer remains a customer.___34___to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. It has been estimated that the average company loses between 10 and 30 per cent of its customers every years. In constantly changing___35___, this is not surprising. What is surprising is the fact that few companies have any idea how many customers they have lost. Only now are organizations beginning to wake up to those lost opportunities and calculate the___36___implications. Cutting down the number of customers a company loses can make a big___37___in its performance. Research in the US found that a five per cent decrease in the number of defecting (流失的) customers led to___38___increases of between 25 and 85 per cent. In the US, Domino’s Pizza estimates that a regular customer is worth more than $5,000 over ten years. A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and___39___never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in_____40_____profits (more if you consider how many people they are likely to tell about their bad experience). The logic behind cultivating customer_____41_____is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies’ marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to_____42_____them”, says Adrian Payne of Cornfield University’ School of Management. “Research suggests that there is a close relationship between retaining customers and making profits._____43_____customers tend to buy more, are predictable and usually cost less to service than new customers. Furthermore, they tend to be less price_____44_____, and may provide free word-of-mouth advertising. Retaining customers also makes it_____45_____for competitors to enter a market or increase their share of a market. 31. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all 32. A. emphasize B. doubt C. overlook D. believe 33. A. denying B. ensuring C. arguing D. proving 34. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing 35. A. markets B. tastes C. prices D. expenses 36. A. culture B. social C. financial D. economical 37. A. promise B. plan C. mistake D. difference 38. A. cost B. opportunity C. profit D. budget 39. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusion D. on the contrary 40. A. huge B. potential C. extra D. reasonable 41. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest 42. A. altering B. understanding C. keeping D. attracting 43. A. Assumed B. Respected C. Established D. Unexpected 44. A. agreeable B. flexible C. friendly D. sensitive 45. A. unfair B. difficult C. essential D. convenient Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fit s best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In his book The Tipping Point, Canadian author Malcolm Gladwell explains how a trend can take many forms. It can be a general change in social behaviour, an idea or a fashion. However, why do some trends catch on and others not? What makes one particular brand of training shoe suddenly become the must-have product? How do people find out about trends and what makes people want to buy into them? Is it simply a question of keeping up with other people? In his new work, Gladwell explores the moment when something becomes common and how products, ideas messages and forms of behaviour spread. He looks at the reasons why trends are similar in the way they develop to outbreaks of disease, or medical epidemics. Epidemics, like trends, start in a very similar way, maybe from a single person with a virus, then spread very quickly until they take over the population and appear to be everywhere. Eventually, they will slowdown gradually or die out suddenly. Gladwell shows how these changes happen not gradually but at one dramatic moment. Gladwell identifies three type s of people who are influential in the development of these kinds of social epidemics. Connectors are people in a community who have wide social circles. They know a lot of people and like to introduce people to catch other. The people they know also tend to come from a variety of social cultural professional and economic circles. Mavens are people with a lot of knowledge or experts in a particular field. They wish to pass on their knowledge to others. Mavens collect and gather information so are the first to pick up on new trends. Salesmen are people with charisma (人格魅力) and powerful negotiation skills. They have a soft influence over people rather than actual power. This means they are influential because people want to imitate them. Overall, Gladwell’s book is a thought-provoking read for anyone interested in the origins of trends. What’s more, he writes in a clear style so even the most difficult ideas are easy to understand. 46. According to Gladwell, which of the following is a similarity between trends and epidemics? A Both of them start from nowhere. B. Both of them die out in a short time. C. Both of them become popular overnight. D. Both of them change the way people think. 47. What can be concluded from the passage about The Tipping Point? A. It is the writers first book to touch on social phenomena. B. It is intended to introduce the trends that once took over. C. It deals with the ideas that most people identify with. D. It explores how a trend originates and spreads. 48. The passage is most likely to be ______. A. an advertisement B. a review C. a news report D. a feature story 49. Salesmen work in the development of trends by means of ______. A. people’s intention to follow them B. the way they gather information C. their professional knowledge D. their influence on the trends (B) Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre and Exhibition Tour Overview Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition is the world’s largest exhibition devoted to Shakespeare. Located beneath the reconstructed Globe Theatre on London’s Bankside, the exhibition explores the remarkable story of the Globe, and brings Shakespeare’s world to life using a range of interactive displays and live demonstrations. Highlights Tour the reconstructed Globe Theatre and see how plays were staged in Shakespeare’s day All-day access to the interactive Globe Exhibition Actors recordings and interactive displays bring Shakespeare’s world to life Schedule April 23 to October 9 9:00am to 5:00pm. On Monday, tours run all day. Tuesday to Saturday, last tour departs at 12:30pm and at 11:30am on Sunday due to performances taking place on these days. October 10 to March 31 10:00am to 5:00pm. Important note: Rehearsals(排练) will also take place throughout the Theatre Season. Please note that access to the Globe Theatre may be restricted and there may be occasions when the Globe tours are unable to run. When the Globe tours are not available, Rose or Bankside tours can be offered instead. Additional info Inclusions: Entrance fee and all day access to Exhibition Guided tour of Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre (maximum 50 people) Exclusions(不包含项目): Hotel pickup and drop off Food and drinks, unless specified Pricing Click the link below to check pricing & availability on your preferred travel date. Our pricing is constantly updated to ensure you always receive the lowest price possible - we 100% guarantee it. VIEW PRICING AND AVAILABLE Theatre Tour and Exhibition Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition $22.34 Theatre Tour and Afternoon Tea Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour and Exhibition plus Afternoon Tea at 3:00pm in the Swan Brasserie or Bar. $62.89 50. The passage can be found ___________. A. in a newspaper B. in a magazine C. on the Internet D. in a guidebook 51. In this Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre Tour, we can _________. A. visit the original Globe Theatre B. enjoy a British afternoon tea for free C. experience Shakespeare’s world in an interactive way D. visit the exhibition in the Globe Theatre 52. What is true about the tour according to the passage? A. Rehearsals may affect the tour. B. The pricing remains the same. C. Performances take place throughout the year. D. The opening hours are the same in May and in November. (C) The largest-ever study of the link between city walkability and high blood pressure has been held up as evidence of the “invisible value of urban design” in improving long-term health outcomes, say researchers. The study of around 430,000 people aged between 38 and 73 and living in 22 UK cities found significant associations between the increased walkability of a neighborhood, lower blood pressure and reduced risk of high blood pressure among its residents. The outcomes remained consistent even after adjustments for socio-demographic (社会人口统计学), lifestyle and changing physical environment factors, though the protective effects were particularly pronounced among participants aged between 50 and 60, women, and those residing in higher density and poor neighborhoods. The paper was published in the International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health this week. With high blood pressure a major risk factor for chronic (慢性的) and particularly heart diseases, researchers at the University of Hong Kong and Oxford University said the findings demonstrated the need to take notice of the health-influencing factor in urban design. “With the increasing pace of urbanization and demographic shifts towards an ageing population, we become more likely to suffer from chronic diseases,” said Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, an assistant professor at the Healthy High Density Cities Lab of the University of Hong Kong and lead author of the study. “The action taken to improve public health must consider the invisible value of urban planning and design. “We are spending billions of pounds in preventing and curing heart diseases — if we are able to invest in creating healthy cities through small changes in the design of our neighborhoods to make them more activity-friendly and walkable, then probably, we will have significant savings in future healthcare expenses.” To measure a neighborhood’s activity-promoting potential, researchers developed a set of index of walkability containing relevant urban elements, including residential and retail (零售) density, public transport, street-level movement, and distance to attractive destinations. Poorly designed spaces generally reduced walking and physical activity, promoting the lifestyles of long time sitting down and not moving; and were harmful to social interactions, and as such associated with poorer mental and physical health. Because walkability was “based on the underlying design of the city”, said Sarkar, cities could be modified or designed to encourage it. “Such investments in healthy design are likely to bring in long-term gains as they are enduring and common.” 53. By considering “invisible value of urban design”, people can _______. A. reduce the ageing population B. slow down the pace of urbanization C. promote activity-friendly and walkable cities D. invest in preventing and curing heart diseases 54. What can be inferred from the passage? A. A set of index is essential to ensure that urban design promotes walkability. B. Walkable cities can lower blood pressure and the risk of high blood pressure. C. Chronic diseases are becoming common due to people’s neglect of their health. D Middle-aged women living in poor areas are less likely to benefit from increased walkability. 55. All of the following are the undesirable consequences of poorly-designed neighborhoods EXCEPT _______. A. failing health B. unhealthy lifestyle C. fewer social interactions D. fewer neighborhoods 56. According to Dr. Chinmoy Sarkar, _______. A. cities should encourage the residents to engage in social interactions B. the design of our neighborhoods should meet people’s needs for retail density C. money invested in creating healthy cities is money saved in future healthcare expenses D. chronic diseases will be common because of our lifestyle and the physical environment Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Many of our most worrying problems, from overeating to not saving enough for retirement to not working out enough have something in common: lack of self-control. Self-control is what gives us the capacity to say no to choices that are immediately satisfying but costly in the long term — that a piece of chocolate cake (instead of an apple), that afternoon in front of the couch (instead of a visit to the gym). ___________57___________ The problem of self-control has puzzled psychologists and behavioral scientists for decades. A great deal of research has identified situations in which self-control failures are likely to happen and tools to help people exercise better control. ___________58___________ These motivating incentives can increase our self-control, at least up to a point. Entrepreneurs have also become interested in self-control, as is evident from the many diet and exercise apps and gadgets on the market. To take one notable example, on the commitment contract website stickK.com, users put down some money (say, $200) and state a goal they want to achieve (such as to lose ten pounds in a month). ___________59___________ If they meet their goal, they earn their money back. If they don’t, they lose the money. Tools like stickK.com can be effective, but they are often difficult to implement. My colleagues and I conducted a new research to point to a different solution that may be easier to carry out: using rituals. ___________60___________ Players in all sorts of sports have rituals that involve actions such as eating the same foods in exactly the same order before a game. From the way some prepare their coffee to the way people celebrate important life events, like weddings or graduations, rituals are a part of our daily life. And though they may seem useless, or even silly, research has found that rituals are powerful. A. They have to point out someone to monitor them and ensure they reach the goal or donate the money. B. Despite our best intentions, we often fail to meet our goals. C. Rituals are series of steps we take while attaching some kind of symbolic meaning. D. In the past, my colleagues and I have found that rituals reduce anxiety before stressful tasks, and improve performance. E. They also need to state what will happen to the money if they don’t stick to their commitments (e.g., it’ll go to a friend or to a charity they do not like). F. For instance, research has found that people persist for longer on tasks that require self-control when they know they’ll be paid for their efforts, or when they are told that their work will benefit others. IV．Translation (3+3+4+5+5) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 61. 这部纪录片旨在呼吁人们保护濒临灭绝的物种。(appeal)(汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 62. 经常洗手和保持社交距离可以抑制病毒的传播。(spread) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 63. 一听说这款新上市的电动车打9折出售，消费者们纷纷涌入这家汽车销售店试驾。(flood) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 64. 有些青少年热衷于在各大网络平台为喜欢的歌手投票，因此浪费了大量的时间。(enthusiastic) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ 65. 正是因为没有抵制金钱和名誉的诱惑，那位名人违反了法律，最终她不得不为此付出惨重的代价。(price) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________ V．Guided Writing (25) 66. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的王磊，你班本学期剩余一笔总额三千元的班费class fee结余，目前有两个方案：1．为教室添加一台空气净化器；2．为每位同学订阅一份英语周报Shanghai Students’ Post。请你给班委会class committee写一封信，谈谈你的看法，必须包括： 1．你赞同的方案； 2．你赞同该方案的理由； 3．你对于执行此方案的建议。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$