2024年中考英语语法复习讲义 被动语态

第10章 被动语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句子中主语和谓语动词的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，使用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受着，则使用被动语态。 考点1 被动结构 “助动词be+及物动词的过去分词” (带*为非考纲要求内容) 时态 主动 被动 常用时间状语 一般现在时 do/does am/is /are+done These babies are looked after well here. 一般过去时 did was/were+done Last week the old books were sold to raise money for the children. 一般将来时 shall/will+do am /is /are going to do shall/will +be +done am/is/are going to be done Check carefully, so any mistakes will be caught. 现在完成时 have/has+done have/has+been +done All these products have been tasted. *现在进行时 am/is/are+doing am/is/are+being+ done Look! My classmates are being interviewed. *过去进行时 was/were+doing was/were+being+done The teacher told us that the room was being decorated *过去完成时 had+done had been done The room had been cleaned when he arrived. *过去将来时 should/would+do would be done The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. *含有情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done The project must be finished by the end of this week. 考点2 被动语态的用法 1. 强调动作的执行者 This famous poem was written by Whitman. A new idea has been suggest. 2. 不知道、没必要或者出于礼貌避免提及动作的执行者 Do you know when the first train was produced in China？（株洲中考） 3. 为使句子平衡 The lecture will be made by Mr. Lee, who is a young artist from London. 4. 动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的食物 The house was truck by lighting. 5. 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 Linda was born in China in 1998. The boy was dressed in a red coat. 考点3 无被动语态 1. 系动词无被动语态 The food tastes delicious. The kind of books sells well. 2. 不及动词不能用于被动语态，像appear, rise, last, die, happen, take place等。 Great changes have taken place in China during the past thirty years. 感官动词和使役动词常接不带to的动词不定式作宾补，但用于被动语态做宾补一定要加上to. The students were made to stay in the classroom. *4. 表示主语某种属性或用途的动词，其主动形式可是表示被动含义，如feel, smell, taste read, sell, wash, wear, last等。want, need, require, be worth等后加动词，用主动形式表被动意思。 This kind of cloth feels soft/washes well/wears well /sells well. Your sentence doesn't read smoothly. The form requires filling in immediately. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$