内容正文:
第5章 副词
副词是指在句子中表示行为或者状态特征的词,常用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或句子等。
考点1 副词的构成
一.许多副词是由形容词变化而来
1. 形容词+1y:
quick—quickly, polite—politely, careful—carefully, brave—bravely
2. 辅音字母+y结尾,改y为+ly:
easy—easily, happy—happily, busy—busily
3. 去掉e+1y:
true—truly, whole—wholly
4. 形容词+y:
full—fully,dull—dully
5. 去掉e+y:
terrible—terribly;simple—simply;gentle—gently;probable—probably;possible—possibly;
2、 有些形容词和副词同形
late high early hard straight fast
三.有些副词在加-ly以后构成另外的副词
形容词
词义
副词
词义
wide
广阔的,宽的
widely
广泛地
deep
深的,深厚的
deeply
深深地,深刻地,强烈地
high
高的
highly
高度的
close
靠近的,亲密的
closely
紧紧地,接近地
hard
努力,(雨雪)大,硬,困难的
hardly
几乎不
near
附近的
nearly
几乎,接近,将近
most
最多的,最……的
mostly
主要地,大部分地
late
迟的,晚的
lately
近来,最近,不久以前
3. 其他形式的副词
otherwise too often however sometimes almost
考点2 副词的种类
分类
例词
方式副词
closely fast politely carefully
程度副词
much little very enough
地点副词
here home upstairs back
时间副词
then lately today yesterday
频率副词
often never hardly sometimes
其他
also early only perhaps
考点3 比较等级
一.副词比较等级的规则变化
1. 多音节和部分双音节词,more+副词原级构成副词比较级,most+副词原级构成副词最高级,副词的最高级前面可以省略the.(单音节和少数双音节变化参考形容词变化规则)
quickly—more quickly— (the) most quickly;
carefully—more carefully— (the) most carefully
二.原级的用法
1. “as+副词原级+as”表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等。
Jack plays the piano as well as her sister.
2. “not as/so +副词原级+as”表示“. . . 不如. . . ”
Mary doesn’t dress as/so strangely as the other girls.
三.比较级用法
1. . . . 副词比较级+than . . .
The car is running less smoothly than it used to.
2. 副词比较级+and+副词比较级 越来越……
He runs faster and faster when he is near the finishing line.
3. the+比较级,the+比较级:越……,就越……
The more we know each other, the better we understand each other.
四.最高级用法
1. the+副词最高级+of/in/among+范围短语
He studies English (the) hardest in his class.
2. 比较级表达最高级的意义
any other student
the other students
any of the other students
anybody else
My son is runs faster than in his class
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$