2024年中考英语语法：形容词讲义

第4章 形容词 形容词是用来描述人或事物的性质、特征或状态的一种开放性词类，主要用于修饰名词和部分代词。考点1 形容词的位置 1. 作定语，放在名词前，不定代词后。 Professor White gave us an interesting lecture. Something serious has happened to him. 2. 作表语，放在系动词be, feel, turn, become, seem等后面。 While I was in New York, I felt homesick. 常用作表语的形容词 alone asleep afraid awake worth aware ashamed alive sure ill sorry fond glad pleased 3. 做补足语, 说明主语或宾语所处的位置，状态，性质等。 We must try our best to keep our environment clean. The room was found very clean. 4. 作状语，说明主语的情况。 Hungry and tired, I had to stop to have a rest. We arrived home late, safe and sound. 考点2 形容词的构成 1．形容词比较级和最高级规则变化表 原级 比较级 最高级 例词 一般情况 在词尾+er 在词尾+est tall--taller--tallest hard--harder--hardest 以-e结尾 在词尾+r 在词尾+st large--larger--largest 以辅音字母+y结尾 改y为i+er 改y为i+est easy--easier--easiest 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾的辅音字母+er 双写末尾的辅音字母+est big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter--hottest 多音节单词 more+多音节单词 most+多音节单词 beautiful--more beautiful-- most beautiful 2．形容词（副词）比较等级不规则变化表 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/badly/ill worse worst many/much/some more most little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest far farther/further farthest/furthest 考点3 比较等级 一．原级的用法 1. “as+形容词原级+as”表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等。 Basketball is as popular as football here. Mr. Smith said his son was as hard-working as his daughter. 2. “not as/so +形容词原级+as”表示“. . . 不如. . . ” This room is not as/so big as that one. 3. as+形容词+名词+as We have produced as many cars as we did last year. 4. 倍数 (分数) +as+原级，表示倍数。 Their house is three times as big as ours. 二．比较级用法 1. . . . 比较级+than . . . He made fewer mistakes than you. He has read four times more books than I have. 2. 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… Our country is becoming more and more beautiful . 3. the+比较级+of the two . . . 两个中更……的那一个 I'd like the bigger one of the two bags. 4. the+比较级，the+比较级：越……，就越…… The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be. 5. far/much/rather/a lot/a great deal/a little/a bit/even/any+比较级，表示差别的程度大小。 It was much cheaper than I had expected. 3． 最高级用法 1. 最高级+of/in/among+范围短语 He is the youngest child of all his classmates. 2. one of+最高级+名词复数 Shenzhen is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. 3. 最高级+定语从句 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 4. 序数词+最高级 The Huanghe River is the second longest river in China. 5. 比较级表达最高级的意义 I haven’t read a more interesting book than this one. any other student the other student any of the other students anybody else My son is taller than in his class 四、形容词五个常用句型： 1. It is+adj. +for+n. /pron. +to+verb 对某人来说，做……是……的 2. It is+adj. +of+n. /pron. +to+verb 某人去做某事，真是很…… 3. adj. +enough+to+verb 足够……去做某事 4. such a/an+adj. +that. . . 一个如此……的……，以至于…… 5. so+adj. +that. . . 如此……以至于…… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$