升高二暑假【夏日FUN学】专题10：人教版（2019）必修第一册Unit4 Natural Disasters 温故知新练-2023-2024学年暑假英语升高二衔接学案

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 必修一U4 Natural Disasters 温故知新练 （原卷版） 一、汉译英 1． n. & vi. 损害；危害 → adj. 有害的 → adj. 无害的 2． n. 地区，区域；行政区 → adj. 地区的，区域的 3． adj. 长的；冗长的 → n. 长度；长 → vt. 加长 4． vi. 变化；变动 → adj. 各种各样的 → n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性) 5． vi. & vt. 幸存；幸免；生还 → n. 幸免；幸存；生还 → n. 幸存者；生还者 6． v. 出现 → n. 外貌，出现 → v. 消失 → n. 消失 7． vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用→   n. 申请 → n. 申请人 8． vt. 组织；成立 → n. 组织者 → adj. 有组织的 → n. 组织 二、根据中英文提示填空 9．Thanks to the ideas and e of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport.(努力) 10．Unfortunately, a horrible disaster s (侵袭；打击) him when he was in his prime. 11．Rescue teams try to save people who are t (被困) under buildings. 12．When I visited my late grandma’s home on Tomb Sweeping Day, memories came f (如潮水般涌现) back. 13．Do you have your milk d ?（递送） 14．The 14-year-old girl, Quan Hongchan, received two 10 scores in the women’s 10m platform in the Tokyo Olympics and s (使震惊) the world. 15．We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water s (供应) downstream. 16．People should show the w (智慧) to stay positive for a brighter future. 17．We had difficulty in b (呼吸), for the air was thin at the top of the mountain. 18．Heavy floods s (横扫) away houses, roads, and took away the lives of many. 19．When you are in an e (紧急情况), you’d better take a deep breath to calm yourself down. 20．He has been s (遭受) from cancer for two years. 21．The girl fell into the river. Fortunately, a brave soldier went to her r (营救). 22．We should find a s (躲避处) from the wind. 23．The gentle voice helped c (平静) the nervous girl. 三、翻译 24．他想为那些想学习英语的孩子树立一个好榜样。(使用定语从句) 25．事实证明，老人的勇气与毅力比鲨鱼的智慧更强大。（prove） 26．我们历时三年时间，开发了一款体育器材，既强身健体，又促进心理健康。(commit) 27．节日是让我们放松心情，享受生活，暂时忘却工作的时刻。(定语从句) 28．他没有想到可怕的灾难即将到来。 (it occurs to sb that   on one’s way ) 四、单句语法填空 29．Finally, drug users find themselves (trap) in a prison form which they can’t escape. 30．The Internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information. 31．Mr. Stone is a great educator never stops inspiring his students and his fellow workers to be better individuals. 32．Wolves are highly social animals success depends upon cooperation. 33．They have been working to prevent the environment here from (destroy). 34．Memories of my campus life in this school came (flood) back, which reminded us that it was the cradle of our dreams. 35．The (wise) of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. 36．We (slide) down the roof and dropped to the ground. 37．We’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer heat inside our bodies. 38．The power and water (supply) were unstable. 五、阅读理解 A International ShakeOut Day This Year This year’s International ShakeOut Day is October 17, when millions of people worldwide will take part in earthquake drills (演习) at work, school, or home! It is a great way for your family or organization to become better prepared to survive and recover quickly from big earthquakes. At 10:17 am (local time) on 10/17, you can join millions of people across the world in practicing earthquake safety. While we encourage everyone to take part, you can sign up for your ShakeOut drill for any day of the year, and drill at a time of your choice, You can also include people in different locations through videos.FIND YOUR REGION Most participants (参与者) are in one of the official ShakeOut Regions listed below the page (with current sign-up totals). People and organizations in other countries can also sign up. All regions take part in it on October 17,2024, unless specified. （As of  Today） Global Totals US totals oct.17,2024 Drills Over 270,000 Over 260,000 All 2024 Drills Over 1.10million Over 950,000 All 2023 Drills Over 57.3million Over 19.3million ShakeOut began in California and has also been organized in many other states and countries. Official ShakeOut Regions require special local or regional cooperation, typically by an emergency (紧急情况) management agency or a union of many organizations. If you are interested in establishing ShakeOut for your region, please contact us at https://www.shakeout.org. If your state, province, or country is not yet taking part, you can sign up for yourself or your organization as part of the global participation total. 39．What is the purpose of the activity? A．To raise people’s safety awareness. B．To stress the challenges of earthquakes. C．To help people get ready for an earthquake. D．To warn people of the danger of earthquakes. 40．How many people worldwide took part in the drills in 2023? A．Over 270,000. B．Over 950,000. C．Over 57.3 million. D．Over 19.3 million. 41．Where is the text from? A．A website. B．A book review. C．A guidebook. D．A diary entry. B Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team adopted a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 42．How does the AI predict earthquakes? A．By identifying data from the satellites. B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D．By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 43．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph3? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C．The significance of developing the AI prediction. D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 44．What does the follow-up research focus on? A．Conducting tests in different locations. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 45．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A．Stable but outdated. B．Effective but costly. C．Potential and economical. D．Advanced and promising. C It is well-known that earthquake is one of the most serious natural disasters. Because of its sudden nature, the traditional earthquake prediction method is often difficult to predict it accurately, and has always been a difficult problem in the field of earth science. Recently, artificial intelligence is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations (强度计算) for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they used a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics (地震物理学), and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the Al provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background sounds in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and possibly improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has locations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location in 300 earthquakes for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, are what moves science forward,” says Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 46．What can we infer from the passage? A．AI can predict earthquakes accurately. B．AI is provided with accurate strength calculations. C．AI can prevent the potential earthquakes from coming. D．AI forecasts earthquakes by analyzing background sounds. 47．What makes Texas a better place to do the follow-up tests? A．Building many earthquake stations. B．Over ten years of continuous records. C．Reliable earthquake tracing networks. D．Researcher’s confidence in the technology. 48．What is the author’s attitude to the AI algorithm? A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Disapproving. D．Doubtful. 49．What’s the main idea of the text? A．AI helps reduce possible earthquakes by 70%. B．AI predicts earthquakes with a certain accuracy. C．AI algorithm improves earthquake preparation worldwide. D．AI algorithm produces accurate predictions about earthquakes. D Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earth-quakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 50．How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A．By identifying data from the satellites. B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D．By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 51．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C．The significance of developing the AI prediction. D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 52．What will the follow-up research focus on? A．Conducting tests in different locations. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 53．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A．Stable but outdated. B．Effective but costly. C．Potential and economical. D．Pioneering and promising. 七选五 Floods can cause major damage to city infrastructure and even deaths. 54 , tragedies caused by floods can be prevented through taking proper measures. Here are 5 key steps to prepare yourself and your family for a flood emergency. Get informed, stay informed One of the best ways to prepare yourself and your loved ones for a flood is to be aware of weather conditions. 55 . If your city has had past history of flooding, do your best to investigate where damage was caused to help you better plan your family safety plan. Update your emergency kits Be sure your emergency kit s are all up-to-date. Ensure they have the proper supplies needed to protect multiple family members. In your prepared bags, you should have 72 hours-worth of food and water along with other essential supplies. 56 . Secure your home Making sure loose items are secure can help to prevent both property damage to your home and bodily injury. Furniture items aren’t the only things that should be secured. Also, take the time to se cure electrical items to prevent them from falling into water. 57 . Having sandbags immediately available can buy you and your family much-needed time when preparing to escape from your home. Practice your emergency plan Make sure your family has an emergency action plan ready to implement (实施) at any moment. Then, practice your emergency action plan with your entire family. This will help each member to directly understand their roles in the plan and give an opportunity to answer any questions that may arise. 58 Of course, natural disasters occur in an instant. Therefore, keep your entire family and all pet family members close and within sight at all times during an emergency situation. A．Pay close attention to the development of current storms B．Floods are too powerful to be stopped C．Keep all family members (pets too!) in sight D．Invest in sandbags and keep them inside your home E．Though floods are among the most dangerous of natural disasters F．Never leave your family or pets behind when floods are coming G．In particular, include life vests along with other waterproof survival items 六、完形填空 I was driving on the freeway when I noticed heavy clouds roll in. A storm was coming. The rain began beating 59 against my car windows, making driving impossible. I 60 onto the shoulder of the road and stopped. The rain 61 me of Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina struck when I was nine years old. I had worried it would strike us in Houston. It missed us, but other cities were not so lucky. I remembered watching the 62 . A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium, 63 people. Many wore dirty and 64 clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet. I noticed a little boy behind the reporter 65 an old teddy bear. Watching him, I knew I had to do something. The next day, my friends 66 me for our volunteer club and we came up with a plan. We wanted to 67 toys and give them to the kids at the stadium, which would bring some 68 into the lives of these families. We 69 the word to the school and other organizations. Three days later, the donation boxes were overflowing with new toys! When we 70 the stadium with our gifts, children 71 toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces. Suddenly, a phone call brought me back to the present. To my joy, the storm had 72 . “Hector, we have more 73 of yesterday’s tornado.” “Well, I’ve brought clothes I’d like to donate to them. The storm stopped me, but I’ll be there soon!” 59．A．creatively B．lazily C．merrily D．heavily 60．A．looked out B．set out C．pulled off D．got off 61．A．warned B．informed C．reminded D．cured 62．A．news B．disaster C．game D．performance 63．A．observing B．greeting C．challenging D．interviewing 64．A．cheap B．worn C．fascinating D．funny 65．A．hugging B．pressing C．selling D．throwing 66．A．left B．joined C．asked D．annoyed 67．A．invent B．deliver C．collect D．produce 68．A．freedom B．happiness C．struggle D．belief 69．A．gathered B．processed C．donated D．spread 70．A．left B．decorated C．entered D．measured 71．A．flew B．drove C．marched D．surfed 72．A．struck B．passed C．strengthened D．approached 73．A．reports B．clues C．victims D．photos 七、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The idea that animals can sense earthquakes is a popular one, and stories about animals 74 (behave) strangely before earthquakes 75 (tell) for centuries. Researchers 76   believe that animals can sense earthquakes suggest that animals may be able to feel the Earth shake before humans. It has been proved that animals are 77 (easy) to be influenced by small environmental changes than humans are. Other researchers have suggested animals may sense chemical or electrical changes in the field of the Earth which could be signs of 78 earthquake. However, other scientists think the animals’ ability to sense earthquakes is very doubtful, 79 (say) that animals react to 80 (vary) things, like being hungry, protecting their land, mating, enemies... Animal behaviorists also point out that human psychology may have an effect on pet owners, as they prefer to believe that their animals have the power of giving   81 (warn) before earthquakes. Can animals sense earthquakes? The answer   82 this question is not clear. So far, debate over 83 animals can truly sense earthquakes has not solved the question. 八、书信写作 84．假设你是高一学生李华，你从新闻上得知你的好友Peter的家乡发生了地震，请你给他写一封英文慰问信。 要点如下： 1. 对其表示关心和安慰； 2. 使其增加重建家园的信心。 注意： 1. 词数80-100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 必修一U4 Natural Disasters 温故知新练 （解析版） 一、汉译英 1． n. & vi. 损害；危害 → adj. 有害的 → adj. 无害的 2． n. 地区，区域；行政区 → adj. 地区的，区域的 3． adj. 长的；冗长的 → n. 长度；长 → vt. 加长 4． vi. 变化；变动 → adj. 各种各样的 → n. 变化；多样(化)；多变(性) 5． vi. & vt. 幸存；幸免；生还 → n. 幸免；幸存；生还 → n. 幸存者；生还者 6． v. 出现 → n. 外貌，出现 → v. 消失 → n. 消失 7． vt. 涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi. 申请；请求；使用→   n. 申请 → n. 申请人 8． vt. 组织；成立 → n. 组织者 → adj. 有组织的 → n. 组织 【答案】1． harm harmful harmless 2． region regional 3．long length lengthen 4．vary various variety 5．survive survival survivor 6．appear appearance disappear disappearance 7． apply application applicant 8．organize organizer organized organization 二、根据中英文提示填空 9．Thanks to the ideas and e of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport.(努力) 【答案】efforts/fforts 【详解】考查名词。句意：句意：由于许多人的想法和努力，你现在可以享受清新的空气和便捷的交通了。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要名词effort“努力”，为可数名词。根据空前的ideas可知，空处需要该名词的复数形式作并列宾语。故填efforts。 10．Unfortunately, a horrible disaster s (侵袭；打击) him when he was in his prime. 【答案】struck/truck 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：不幸的是，当他正值盛年时，一场可怕的灾难打击了他。设空处在主句中作谓语，根据汉语提示“侵袭，打击”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词strike，结合从句“when he was in his prime”可知，此句用一般过去时，填过去式struck。故填struck。 11．Rescue teams try to save people who are t (被困) under buildings. 【答案】trapped/rapped 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：救援队试图营救被困在建筑物下的人。trap是定语从句谓语动词，和从句主语who（指代先行词people）被动关系，结合are，为一般现在时的被动语态（are done），用过去分词trapped。故填trapped。 12．When I visited my late grandma’s home on Tomb Sweeping Day, memories came f (如潮水般涌现) back. 【答案】flooding/looding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：清明节那天，我去姥姥家，回忆如潮水般涌上心头。“如潮水般涌现”用动词flood。come flooding back固定搭配，意为“回忆涌现”。故填flooding。 13．Do you have your milk d ?（递送） 【答案】delivered/elivered 【详解】考查动词。句意：你的牛奶送了吗？根据中英文提示可知，deliver“递送”，动词，和宾语milk之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填delivered。 14．The 14-year-old girl, Quan Hongchan, received two 10 scores in the women’s 10m platform in the Tokyo Olympics and s (使震惊) the world. 【答案】shocked/hocked 【详解】考查动词。句意：14岁的女孩全红婵在东京奥运会女子10米跳台比赛中获得了两个10分，震惊了世界。“使震惊”应用动词shock，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填shocked。 15．We’ve also seen droughts and floods caused by these changes, which affect the water s (供应) downstream. 【答案】supply/upply 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们也看到了由这些变化引起的干旱和洪水，这影响了下游的供水。根据首字母s可知，表示“供应”应用名词supply作宾语。故填supply。 16．People should show the w (智慧) to stay positive for a brighter future. 【答案】wisdom/isdom 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们应该展示智慧，为更光明的未来保持积极的态度。根据中英文提示可知应用名词wisdom，作宾语，不可数。故填wisdom。 17．We had difficulty in b (呼吸), for the air was thin at the top of the mountain. 【答案】breathing/reathing 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们呼吸困难，因为山顶的空气很稀薄。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词breathe“呼吸”。have difficult in doing sth.“做某事有困难”，所以空处需要动名词作宾语。故填breathing。 18．Heavy floods s (横扫) away houses, roads, and took away the lives of many. 【答案】swept/wept 【详解】考查动词。句意：洪水冲走了房屋和道路，夺走了许多人的生命。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“横扫”应用sweep，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应与后面took保持一致，用一般过去时。故填swept。 19．When you are in an e (紧急情况), you’d better take a deep breath to calm yourself down. 【答案】emergency/mergency 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你遇到紧急情况时，你最好深呼吸让自己平静下来。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“紧急情况”应用emergency，为可数名词，再由空前an可知，应用单数形式，作介词宾语。故填emergency。 20．He has been s (遭受) from cancer for two years. 【答案】suffering/uffering 【详解】考查动词。句意：他患癌症已有两年了。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要动词suffer“(因疾病或处于其他不利境地而)受苦，受难，受折磨”。空处需要现在分词和前面的have been构成现在完成进行时态。故填suffering。 21．The girl fell into the river. Fortunately, a brave soldier went to her r (营救). 【答案】rescue/escue 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个女孩掉进了河里。幸运的是，一个勇敢的士兵去救了她。根据中英文提示可知应用名词rescue，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填rescue。 22．We should find a s (躲避处) from the wind. 【答案】shelter/#helter 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们应该找个避风的地方。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给首字母和中文提示词，应是shelter意为“躲避处”。故填shelter。 23．The gentle voice helped c (平静) the nervous girl. 【答案】calm/alm 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个温柔的声音帮助这个紧张的女孩平静下来。根据空前的helped可知，空处应填动词原形，help do sth.意为“帮助做某事”，省略to的不定式作宾语。结合中英文提示和空后的the nervous girl可知，这里应用及物动词calm。故填calm。 三、翻译 24．他想为那些想学习英语的孩子树立一个好榜样。(使用定语从句) 【答案】He wants to set a good example for those children who want to learn English. 【详解】考查固定短语和定语从句、时态。主语为he；表示“想要”短语为want to do sth.；表示“为……树立一个好榜样”短语为set a good example for，表示“那些孩子”为those children，后跟who引导定语从句；表示“想学习英语”翻译为want to learn English。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，先行词children作从句的主语，用who引导从句。故翻译为He wants to set a good example for those children who want to learn English. 25．事实证明，老人的勇气与毅力比鲨鱼的智慧更强大。（prove） 【答案】It has been proven that the courage and perseverance of an old man are stronger than the wisdom of a shark. 【详解】考查固定句型，时态和动词。“事实证明”用固定句型it has been proved that，“老人的勇气与毅力”译为the courage and perseverance，“鲨鱼的智慧”译为the wisdom of a shark，描述事实用一般现在时，表示比较用比较级，“更强大”译为stronger，故答案为It has been proven that the courage and perseverance of an old man are stronger than the wisdom of a shark. 26．我们历时三年时间，开发了一款体育器材，既强身健体，又促进心理健康。(commit) 【答案】We have committed three years to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being. 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“我们”应用代词we作主句的主语；表示“历时”应用动词commit，根据句意应用现在完成时have committed，作主句的谓语；表示“三年时间”应用three years，作主句的宾语；表示“开发了一款体育器材”应用不定式短语 to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment，作状语；表示“既强身健体，又促进心理健康”应用定语从句that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being修饰先行词equipment，其中关系代词that在从句中作主语指代先行词equipment，表示“强身健体，又促进心理健康”应用动词短语strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being，作并列的谓语和宾语。故翻译为：We have committed three years to developing / manufacturing a sports device / a kind of sports equipment that strengthens body / enhances physical health and boosts mental well-being. 27．节日是让我们放松心情，享受生活，暂时忘却工作的时刻。(定语从句) 【答案】Festivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. 【详解】考查定语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“节日”应用复数名词festivals；表示“是”应用be，主语为复数形式，be动词用are；表示“时刻、场合”应用occasions；表示“允许某人做某事”应用allow sb. to do sth.；表示“我们”应用us；表示“放松心情，享受生活”应用relax and enjoy life，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形；表示“暂时忘却工作”应用forget about our work for a little while；allow和forget为并列谓语，需用连词and连接；表示“让我们放松心情，享受生活，暂时忘却工作的时刻”应用 that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，并在定语从句中作主语。故翻译成：Festivals are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.。 28．他没有想到可怕的灾难即将到来。 (it occurs to sb that   on one’s way ) 【答案】It never occurred to him that the terrible disaster was on its way. 【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语和时态。“想到”用固定句型：it occurs to sb that表示，it为形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的从句，“即将到来”用固定短语：on one’s way表示，“可怕的灾难”翻译为the terrible disaster；描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故翻译为It never occurred to him that the terrible disaster was on its way. 四、单句语法填空 29．Finally, drug users find themselves (trap) in a prison form which they can’t escape. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，吸毒者发现自己被困在牢笼中，无法逃脱。本句谓语为find，此处为非谓语动词，且themselves与trap“卡住，使陷入困境”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作宾语themselves的补足语。故填trapped。 30．The Internet has now become the first place the majority of people turn to for information. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的首选之地。空处引导定语从句，先行词是place，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，应用关系代词that，故填that。 31．Mr. Stone is a great educator never stops inspiring his students and his fellow workers to be better individuals. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：斯通先生是一位伟大的教育家，他从不停止激励他的学生和同事成为更好的人。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是a great educator，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 32．Wolves are highly social animals success depends upon cooperation. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：狼是高度群居的动物，它们的成功依赖于合作。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是Wolves，关系词在从句中作定语，和success之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 33．They have been working to prevent the environment here from (destroy). 【答案】being destroyed 【详解】考查非谓语动。句意：他们一直在努力防止这里的环境遭到破坏。prevent ... from doing sth.阻止……做某事。逻辑宾语the environment 与destroy之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being destroyed。 34．Memories of my campus life in this school came (flood) back, which reminded us that it was the cradle of our dreams. 【答案】flooding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这所学校的校园生活记忆如潮水般涌回，这提醒我们，这是我们的梦想摇篮。句子谓语动词是came，空格处填入非谓语动词，主语Memory和flood之间是主动关系，填入现在分词作状语。故填flooding。 35．The (wise) of the ancient Greek philosophers is timeless, says Soupios. 【答案】wisdom 【详解】考查名词。句意：索皮奥斯说，古希腊哲学家的智慧是永恒的。此处作主语应用名词wisdom表示“智慧”，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 36．We (slide) down the roof and dropped to the ground. 【答案】slid 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：我们从屋顶滑下，掉到了地上。根据dropped可知句子是一般过去时，故填slid。 37．We’d better not eat too much roast food as it may make us suffer heat inside our bodies. 【答案】from 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们最好别吃太多烤制食品，因为它可能会让我们体内遭受胃灼热之苦。suffer from“受（某种病痛等）的折磨”。故填from。 38．The power and water (supply) were unstable. 【答案】supplies 【详解】考查名词。句意：水电供应不稳定。空处应填名词作主语，supply作名词时意为“供应”，可数名词，根据were可知，主语应用复数形式。故填supplies。 五、阅读理解 A International ShakeOut Day This Year This year’s International ShakeOut Day is October 17, when millions of people worldwide will take part in earthquake drills (演习) at work, school, or home! It is a great way for your family or organization to become better prepared to survive and recover quickly from big earthquakes. At 10:17 am (local time) on 10/17, you can join millions of people across the world in practicing earthquake safety. While we encourage everyone to take part, you can sign up for your ShakeOut drill for any day of the year, and drill at a time of your choice, You can also include people in different locations through videos.FIND YOUR REGION Most participants (参与者) are in one of the official ShakeOut Regions listed below the page (with current sign-up totals). People and organizations in other countries can also sign up. All regions take part in it on October 17,2024, unless specified. （As of  Today） Global Totals US totals oct.17,2024 Drills Over 270,000 Over 260,000 All 2024 Drills Over 1.10million Over 950,000 All 2023 Drills Over 57.3million Over 19.3million ShakeOut began in California and has also been organized in many other states and countries. Official ShakeOut Regions require special local or regional cooperation, typically by an emergency (紧急情况) management agency or a union of many organizations. If you are interested in establishing ShakeOut for your region, please contact us at https://www.shakeout.org. If your state, province, or country is not yet taking part, you can sign up for yourself or your organization as part of the global participation total. 39．What is the purpose of the activity? A．To raise people’s safety awareness. B．To stress the challenges of earthquakes. C．To help people get ready for an earthquake. D．To warn people of the danger of earthquakes. 40．How many people worldwide took part in the drills in 2023? A．Over 270,000. B．Over 950,000. C．Over 57.3 million. D．Over 19.3 million. 41．Where is the text from? A．A website. B．A book review. C．A guidebook. D．A diary entry. 【答案】39．C 40．C 41．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文中主要介绍了今年地震演习活动的通知，包括其活动目的、参与方式等。 39．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It is a great way for your family or organization to become better prepared to survive and recover quickly from big earthquakes. (对于你的家庭或组织来说，这是一种很好的方式，可以更好地准备好在大地震中生存和快速恢复。)”可知，这个活动的目的是帮助人们更好地为地震做好准备。故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据表格中最后一行中“Over 57.3 milliom (超过5730万)”可知，2023年全球有超过5730万人参加了地震演习。故选C。 41．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If you are interested in establishing ShakeOut for your region, please contact us at https://www.shakeout.org. (如果您有兴趣在您的地区建立ShakeOut，请通过https://www.shakeout.org与我们联系。)”可推断出，这篇文章出自一个网站。故选A。 B Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team adopted a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 42．How does the AI predict earthquakes? A．By identifying data from the satellites. B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D．By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 43．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph3? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C．The significance of developing the AI prediction. D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 44．What does the follow-up research focus on? A．Conducting tests in different locations. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 45．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A．Stable but outdated. B．Effective but costly. C．Potential and economical. D．Advanced and promising. 【答案】42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在地震预测方面取得的进展，特别是他们开发的AI算法在地震预测方面的应用及其效果。 42．细节理解题。根据文章第二段尤其是最后一句“Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings(隆隆声)in the Earth.(经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中倾听即将到来的地震迹象来提供预测。)”可知，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中倾听即将到来的地震迹象预测地震，由此可知，人工智能通过分析地震时的背景声音预测地震。故选B项。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. (这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。)”可知，该项研究是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑，结合下文中的“It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70 % accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.(这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得有多充分。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助最大限度地减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。)”可知，Alexandros Savvaidis认为，即便是70%的准确性也极其重要，因为它可以减少经济损失，人员伤亡，还有可能提高全世界对地震发生的准备（和预防），综合以上信息可知，Alexandros Savvaidis打算展示发展人工智能预测的意义。故选C项。 44．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.(下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为德克萨斯大学的德克萨斯网络局有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，使其成为进行这些研究的理想地点。)”可知，下一步打算在德克萨斯州测试人工智能对地震预测的情况，因为该州有300个地震观测站，是进行这些研究的理想地点，由此可知，后续研究的关注点在于在不同地点进行测试。故选A项。 45．推理判断题。根据第三段“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction.(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。)”可知，这项工作显然是人工智能驱动地震预测研究中的一个里程碑，结合第四段中的“While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks.(虽然尚不清楚同样的方法是否会在其他地方起作用，但研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，他们的人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。)”可知，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，他们的人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测，由此可知，该地震预测技术是富有开创性且发展前景良好。故选D项。 C It is well-known that earthquake is one of the most serious natural disasters. Because of its sudden nature, the traditional earthquake prediction method is often difficult to predict it accurately, and has always been a difficult problem in the field of earth science. Recently, artificial intelligence is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations (强度计算) for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they used a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics (地震物理学), and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the Al provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background sounds in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earthquakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and possibly improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has locations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location in 300 earthquakes for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, are what moves science forward,” says Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 46．What can we infer from the passage? A．AI can predict earthquakes accurately. B．AI is provided with accurate strength calculations. C．AI can prevent the potential earthquakes from coming. D．AI forecasts earthquakes by analyzing background sounds. 47．What makes Texas a better place to do the follow-up tests? A．Building many earthquake stations. B．Over ten years of continuous records. C．Reliable earthquake tracing networks. D．Researcher’s confidence in the technology. 48．What is the author’s attitude to the AI algorithm? A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Disapproving. D．Doubtful. 49．What’s the main idea of the text? A．AI helps reduce possible earthquakes by 70%. B．AI predicts earthquakes with a certain accuracy. C．AI algorithm improves earthquake preparation worldwide. D．AI algorithm produces accurate predictions about earthquakes. 【答案】46．D 47．C 48．B 49．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能在地震预测领域的最新进展，德州大学奥斯汀分校的研究团队开发的AI算法能提前一周准确预测70%的地震，并计算出预测地震的强度，为地震预防和减少损失提供了新工具。 46．推理判断题。 根据第二段中“Once trained, the Al provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background sounds in the Earth.(经过训练后，AI通过监听地球背景声音中即将到来的地震迹象来提供预测)”可知，AI通过分析背景声音来预测地震。故选D。 47．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has locations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location in 300 earthquakes for these purposes.(下一步是在德克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为UT的德克萨斯州地震局网络计划拥有多个站点和超过六年的连续记录，这使其成为进行此类研究的理想地点，涉及约300次地震)”可知，是因为有可靠的地震追踪网络和持续的记录，使得德克萨斯成为进行后续测试的更好地点。故选C。 48．推理判断题。根据全文内容及第三段中“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction.(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动地震预测研究的一个里程碑)”可知，整篇文章在介绍AI预测地震的方法和成效时，使用了正面评价，并对未来进行积极展望，表明作者对AI算法持支持态度。故选B。 49．主旨大意题。 根据全文内容及第一段中“Recently, artificial intelligence is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations (强度计算) for the predicted earthquakes.(最近，人工智能在地震预测方面显示出了希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为这是不可能的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员开发了一种人工智能算法，在中国的一次试验中，该算法提前一周正确预测了70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算。)”可知，文章主要围绕人工智能在地震预测方面取得的进展展开，特别是提到了德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校研究团队开发的AI算法能够提前一周预测70%的地震并提供强度计算，B选项“人工智能以一定的准确性预测地震”准确地概括了文章中心。故选B。 D Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes. The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team’s knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five-year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth. This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. “You don’t see earth-quakes coming,” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). “It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.” While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes. Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics-based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward,” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau’s director. 50．How does the AI forecast earthquakes? A．By identifying data from the satellites. B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth. C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings. D．By monitoring changes in the Earth’s magnetic field. 51．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in paragraph 3? A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes. B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes. C．The significance of developing the AI prediction. D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction. 52．What will the follow-up research focus on? A．Conducting tests in different locations. B．Applying the AI approach to other fields. C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas. D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy. 53．Which words can best describe the earthquake-predicting technology? A．Stable but outdated. B．Effective but costly. C．Potential and economical. D．Pioneering and promising. 【答案】50．B 51．C 52．A 53．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了德克萨斯州大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在地震预测方面取得的进展，特别是他们开发的AI算法在地震预测方面的应用及效果。 50．细节理解题。根据文章第二段尤其是最后一句“Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.(经过训练后，人工智能通过在地球的背景隆隆声中倾听即将到来的地震迹象来提供预测)”可知，AI通过分析地震时的背景声音预测地震。故选B。 51．推理判断题。根据文章第三段尤其是后两句Alexandros Sawvaidis所说的话“It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.(这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得有多充分。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助最大限度地减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作)”可推知，Alexandros Savvaidis认为，即便是70%的准确性也极其重要，因为它可以减少经济损失，人员伤亡，还有可能提高全世界对地震发生的准备（和预防）。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT’s Bureau TexNet has 300 earth-quake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.(下一步是在德州测试人工智能，因为德州的德州地震信息局有300个地震观测站，有超过6年的连续记录，是进行这些研究的理想地点)”可知，研究人员下一步准备在德克萨斯州进一步进行AI地震预测的实验。故选A。 53．推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long-held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes.(人工智能(AI)在地震预测方面显示出希望，挑战了人们长期以来认为地震预测不可能实现的信念。德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的研究人员在中国进行的一项试验中，开发出了一种人工智能算法，可以提前一周准确预测70%的地震，并为预测的地震提供了准确的强度计算)”可知，地震预测技术有发展前景，根据第三段中“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI-driven earthquake prediction. ‘You don’t see earth-quakes coming,’ explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (TexNet). ‘It’s a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that’s a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.’(这项工作显然是人工智能驱动的地震预测研究的一个里程碑。‘你看不到地震的到来，’领导德克萨斯地震网项目(TexNet)的高级研究科学家Alexandros Savvaidis解释说。‘这只是几毫秒的问题，你唯一能控制的就是你准备得如何。即使准确率达到70%，这也是一个巨大的成果，可以帮助最大限度地减少经济和人员损失，并有可能显著改善全球的地震准备工作。’)”可知，研究人员相信，如果在拥有可靠地震跟踪网络的地区使用，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测。由此推知，AI预测地震的工作既具有前沿性，其将来也是大有希望的。故选D。 七选五 Floods can cause major damage to city infrastructure and even deaths. 54 , tragedies caused by floods can be prevented through taking proper measures. Here are 5 key steps to prepare yourself and your family for a flood emergency. Get informed, stay informed One of the best ways to prepare yourself and your loved ones for a flood is to be aware of weather conditions. 55 . If your city has had past history of flooding, do your best to investigate where damage was caused to help you better plan your family safety plan. Update your emergency kits Be sure your emergency kit s are all up-to-date. Ensure they have the proper supplies needed to protect multiple family members. In your prepared bags, you should have 72 hours-worth of food and water along with other essential supplies. 56 . Secure your home Making sure loose items are secure can help to prevent both property damage to your home and bodily injury. Furniture items aren’t the only things that should be secured. Also, take the time to se cure electrical items to prevent them from falling into water. 57 . Having sandbags immediately available can buy you and your family much-needed time when preparing to escape from your home. Practice your emergency plan Make sure your family has an emergency action plan ready to implement (实施) at any moment. Then, practice your emergency action plan with your entire family. This will help each member to directly understand their roles in the plan and give an opportunity to answer any questions that may arise. 58 Of course, natural disasters occur in an instant. Therefore, keep your entire family and all pet family members close and within sight at all times during an emergency situation. A．Pay close attention to the development of current storms B．Floods are too powerful to be stopped C．Keep all family members (pets too!) in sight D．Invest in sandbags and keep them inside your home E．Though floods are among the most dangerous of natural disasters F．Never leave your family or pets behind when floods are coming G．In particular, include life vests along with other waterproof survival items 【答案】54．E 55．A 56．G 57．D 58．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了洪水对城市基础设施和生命的潜在威胁，并提供了五个关键步骤来应对洪水紧急情况。 54．分析句子结构可知，设空处应是状语从句，结合选项，只E项“Though floods are among the most dangerous of natural disasters(虽然洪水是最危险的自然灾害之一)”符合这一条件，引导让步状语从句，与下文“tragedies caused by floods can be prevented through taking proper measures.(通过采取适当的措施，洪水造成的悲剧是可以避免的)”构成主从复合句。故选E项。 55．上文“One of the best ways to prepare yourself and your loved ones for a flood is to be aware of weather conditions.(为自己和亲人做好洪水准备的最好方法之一就是了解天气状况)”提出了及时了解天气状况，A项“Pay close attention to the development of current storms(密切关注当前风暴的发展)”承接上文，强调关注风暴的发展情况，上下文语意相关，同时与本段主题“Get informed, stay informed (获取信息，保持信息灵通)”一致。故选A项。 56．上文“Be sure your emergency kit s are all up-to-date. Ensure they have the proper supplies needed to protect multiple family members. In your prepared bags, you should have 72 hours-worth of food and water along with other essential supplies.(确保你的急救包都是最新的。确保它们有保护多名家庭成员所需的适当用品。在你准备好的袋子里，你应该有足够72小时使用的食物和水以及其他必需品)”列举了急救包里应该准备的一些物品，G项“In particular, include life vests along with other waterproof survival items(特别是，装入救生衣和其他防水的生存物品)”特别强调要准备救生衣和其他防水的生存物品，与上文构成并列关系，语意一致。故选G项。 57．下文“Having sandbags immediately available can buy you and your family much-needed time when preparing to escape from your home.(准备好沙袋可以为你和你的家人在准备逃离家园时赢得急需的时间)”介绍了沙袋在洪水来袭时的作用，解释了D项“Invest in sandbags and keep them inside your home(购买沙袋，把它们放在家里)”中建议购买沙袋的原因，同时与本段主题“Secure your home(保护好你的家)”一致。故选D项。 58．设空处是本段小标题。下文“Of course, natural disasters occur in an instant. Therefore, keep your entire family and all pet family members close and within sight at all times during an emergency situation.(当然，自然灾害是瞬间发生的。因此，在紧急情况下，要让你的所有家人和所有的宠物家庭成员一直靠近并在你的视线范围内)”建议让所有家人和所有的宠物家庭成员在你的视线范围内，故C项“Keep all family members (pets too!) in sight(让所有家庭成员(包括宠物)都在视线范围内)”是本段内容的概括，是最佳小标题。故选C项。 六、完形填空 I was driving on the freeway when I noticed heavy clouds roll in. A storm was coming. The rain began beating 59 against my car windows, making driving impossible. I 60 onto the shoulder of the road and stopped. The rain 61 me of Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina struck when I was nine years old. I had worried it would strike us in Houston. It missed us, but other cities were not so lucky. I remembered watching the 62 . A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium, 63 people. Many wore dirty and 64 clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet. I noticed a little boy behind the reporter 65 an old teddy bear. Watching him, I knew I had to do something. The next day, my friends 66 me for our volunteer club and we came up with a plan. We wanted to 67 toys and give them to the kids at the stadium, which would bring some 68 into the lives of these families. We 69 the word to the school and other organizations. Three days later, the donation boxes were overflowing with new toys! When we 70 the stadium with our gifts, children 71 toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces. Suddenly, a phone call brought me back to the present. To my joy, the storm had 72 . “Hector, we have more 73 of yesterday’s tornado.” “Well, I’ve brought clothes I’d like to donate to them. The storm stopped me, but I’ll be there soon!” 59．A．creatively B．lazily C．merrily D．heavily 60．A．looked out B．set out C．pulled off D．got off 61．A．warned B．informed C．reminded D．cured 62．A．news B．disaster C．game D．performance 63．A．observing B．greeting C．challenging D．interviewing 64．A．cheap B．worn C．fascinating D．funny 65．A．hugging B．pressing C．selling D．throwing 66．A．left B．joined C．asked D．annoyed 67．A．invent B．deliver C．collect D．produce 68．A．freedom B．happiness C．struggle D．belief 69．A．gathered B．processed C．donated D．spread 70．A．left B．decorated C．entered D．measured 71．A．flew B．drove C．marched D．surfed 72．A．struck B．passed C．strengthened D．approached 73．A．reports B．clues C．victims D．photos 【答案】59．D 60．C 61．C 62．A 63．D 64．B 65．A 66．B 67．C 68．B 69．D 70．C 71．A 72．B 73．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了飓风过后，作者及其朋友给无家可归的孩子们送去温暖的故事。文章告诉我们，任何小小的善举都会对社会产生巨大的影响。 59．考查副词词义辨析。句意：雨开始沉重地敲击着我的车窗，使得驾驶变得困难。A. creatively 创造性地；B. lazily 懒散地；C. merrily 欢乐地；D. heavily 猛烈地。根据前文的“A storm was coming”和后文“making driving impossible”可知，雨下得很大，所以选择副词heavily“猛烈地”。故选D项。 60．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把车开到路边停了下来。A. looked out 留神；B. set out 出发；C. pulled off （车或驾车者）停靠（路边）；D. got off 下车。根据前文的“against my car windows, making driving impossible”和后文“onto the shoulder of the road and stopped”可知，雨下得很大，驾驶变得困难，作者不得不把车开到路边停了下来。故选C项。 61．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这场雨让我想起卡特里娜飓风。A. warned 警告；B. informed 通知；C. reminded 使想起；D. cured 治愈。根据后文的“me of Hurricane Katrina”可知，由当前情景触发的回忆，这场雨使作者想起了卡特里娜飓风。故选C项。 62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得观看的是新闻报道。A. news 新闻；B. disaster 灾难；C. game 游戏；D. performance 表演。根据后文的“A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium”可知，作者看到一位记者站在休斯敦体育场内进行采访，所以作者曾经观看的是卡特里娜飓风新闻报道。故选A项。 63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名记者站在休斯顿体育馆内，正在进行采访。A. observing 观察；B. greeting 问候；C. challenging 挑战；D. interviewing 采访。根据前文的“A reporter stood inside the Houston stadium”可知，描述了记者在现场的工作行为，即采访受灾民众。故选D项。 64．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多人穿着脏旧的衣服，有些人脚上没穿鞋。A. cheap 便宜的；B. worn 磨损的，破旧的；C. fascinating 迷人的；D. funny 有趣的。根据前文的“Many wore dirty”和“clothes, and some had no shoes on their feet”可知，灾民流离失所、衣物破旧。故选B项。 65．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到记者身后有一个小男孩紧紧抱着一个旧的泰迪熊。A. hugging 拥抱，抱着；B. pressing 按压；C. selling 卖；D. throwing 扔。根据后文的“an old teddy bear”可知，这个小男孩正在抱着一个泰迪熊。故选A项。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，我的朋友们加入了我的志愿者俱乐部，我们提出了一个计划。A. left 离开；B. joined 加入；C. asked 询问；D. annoyed 惹恼。根据后文的“me for our volunteer club and we came up with a plan”可知，作者的朋友们加入了作者的志愿者俱乐部。故选B项。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们想收集玩具，并把它们送给体育场的孩子们，这会给这些家庭带来一些快乐。A. invent 发明；B. deliver 递送；C. collect 收集；D. produce 生产。根据前文的“our volunteer club”和后文“toys and give them to the kids at the stadium”可知，作者的志愿者俱乐部需要先收集玩具，然后再送给孩子们。故选C项。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们想把玩具送给体育场的孩子们，这会给这些家庭带来一些快乐。A. freedom 自由；B. happiness 快乐；C. struggle 斗争；D. belief 信念。根据前文的“toys and give them to the kids at the stadium, which would bring some”可知，玩具能够给经历灾难的孩子们带来快乐。故选B项。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将这个消息传播给了学校和其他组织。A. gathered 聚集；B. processed 处理；C. donated 捐赠；D. spread 传播。根据后文的“the word to the school and other organizations”可知，表示将信息广而告之，符合募集活动宣传的过程。故选D项。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们带着礼物进入体育馆时，孩子们从四面八方跑来，脸上洋溢着笑容。A. left 离开；B. decorated 装饰；C. entered 进入；D. measured 测量。根据后文的“the stadium with our gifts”可知，描述了携带捐赠物品到达目的地的动作，即进入体育馆。故选C项。 71．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们带着礼物进入体育馆时，孩子们从四面八方跑来，脸上洋溢着笑容。A. flew 飞奔；B. drove 开车；C. marched 行进；D. surfed 冲浪。根据后文的“toward us from all directions, smiles lighting up their faces”可知，形容孩子们急切而兴奋地跑向他们的情景，此处用“飞奔”。故选A项。 72．考查动词词义辨析。令我高兴的是，风暴已经过去了。A. struck 击中；B. passed 经过，过去；C. strengthened 加强；D. approached 接近。根据前文的“Suddenly, a phone call brought me back to the present. To my joy”可知，电话带来的好消息，风暴已经过去了。故选B项。 73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hector，昨天的龙卷风又有受害者了。A. reports 报告；B. clues 线索；C. victims 受害者；D. photos 照片。根据后文的“Well, I’ve brought clothes I’d like to donate to them. The storm stopped me, but I’ll be there soon!”可知，捐赠衣物给他们，所以风暴或龙卷风造成了受灾人员，即风暴或龙卷风的受害者。故选C项。 七、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。 The idea that animals can sense earthquakes is a popular one, and stories about animals 74 (behave) strangely before earthquakes 75 (tell) for centuries. Researchers 76   believe that animals can sense earthquakes suggest that animals may be able to feel the Earth shake before humans. It has been proved that animals are 77 (easy) to be influenced by small environmental changes than humans are. Other researchers have suggested animals may sense chemical or electrical changes in the field of the Earth which could be signs of 78 earthquake. However, other scientists think the animals’ ability to sense earthquakes is very doubtful, 79 (say) that animals react to 80 (vary) things, like being hungry, protecting their land, mating, enemies... Animal behaviorists also point out that human psychology may have an effect on pet owners, as they prefer to believe that their animals have the power of giving   81 (warn) before earthquakes. Can animals sense earthquakes? The answer   82 this question is not clear. So far, debate over 83 animals can truly sense earthquakes has not solved the question. 【答案】74．behaving 75．have been told 76．who/that 77．easier 78．an 79．saying 80．various 81．warnings 82．to 83．whether 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了针对“动物可以预测地震”这个说法，科学家们持支持或者怀疑的态度，因此，动物是否能在人之前感觉地震还没有定论。 74．考查非谓语动词。句意：动物能感知地震的观点很受欢迎，关于动物在地震前表现怪异的故事已经流传了几个世纪。根据空格前的介词about可知，空格处应该用动名词behaving，与animals构成动名词复合结构作介词about的宾语。故填behaving。 75．考查动词时态和语态。句意同上。空处作谓语，主语为stories复数形式，与tell构成逻辑上的被动关系，结合for centuries可知，句子为现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been told。 76．考查定语从句。句意：相信动物能感知地震的研究人员认为，动物可能能先于人类感受到地球的震动。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为researchers表示人，作从句的主语，用关系代词who/that引导从句。故填who/that。 77．考查形容词的级。句意：已经证明，动物比人类更容易受到微小环境变化的影响。空处作表语用形容词，结合后文的than humans are可知，此处用形容词比较级easier。故填easier。 78．考查冠词。句意；其他研究人员认为，动物可能会感觉到地球上化学或电的变化，这些变化可能是地震的迹象。earthquake为可数名词单词，此处为泛指，用不定冠词，earthquake以元音音素开始发音，不定冠词用an。故填an。 79．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，其他科学家认为动物感知地震的能力非常值得怀疑，他们说动物对各种事情都有反应，比如饥饿、保护土地、交配、敌人……。逗号前有谓语，空处无连词，为非谓语，逻辑主语other scientists与say构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填saying。 80．考查形容词。句意同上。空处修饰things，表示“各种各样的”用形容词various作定语。故填various。 81．考查名词。句意：动物行为学家还指出，人类的心理可能会对宠物主人产生影响，因为他们更愿意相信他们的动物有在地震前发出警告的能力。空处作giving的宾语，表示“警告”用warning的复数形式表示泛指。故填warnings。 82．考查介词。句意：这个问题的答案还不清楚。the answer to the question意思为：问题的答案，为固定短语。故填to。 83．考查宾语从句。句意：到目前为止，关于动物是否能真正感知地震的争论还没有解决这个问题。over为介词，空处引导宾语从句，从句结构完整，根据句意可知，此处表示“是否”，前面有介词，用whether连接。故填whether。 八、书信写作 84．假设你是高一学生李华，你从新闻上得知你的好友Peter的家乡发生了地震，请你给他写一封英文慰问信。 要点如下： 1. 对其表示关心和安慰； 2. 使其增加重建家园的信心。 注意： 1. 词数80-100 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, I was shocked at the news that an earthquake hit your hometown. I’m really worried about you and your family. Are you all right? Luckily, the earthquake wasn’t so serious and no buildings collapsed. It’s reported that the local government has already taken measures to help people rebuild their homes. I hope everything will return to normal soon. Please don’t lose heart and keep on working hard. With joint efforts, we can surely overcome any difficulty. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours, LiHua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给家乡发生地震的好友Peter写一封慰问信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 袭击：hit→strike 担心的：worried→concerned 幸运的是：luckily→fortunately 克服：overcome→get over 2.句式拓展 同义句转化 原句：It’s reported that the local government has already taken measures to help people rebuild their homes. 拓展句：The local government is reported to have already taken measures to help people rebuild their homes. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I was shocked at the news that an earthquake hit your hometown. (运用了that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】It’s reported that the local government has already taken measures to help people rebuild their homes. (运用了that引导的主语从句) ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$