精品解析：江苏省南通市海安市实验中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题

实验中学高二英语 高二英语期末模拟卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman need to hire? A．A computer repair specialist. B．A web developer. C．A sales manager. 2．What would the woman prefer in her tea? A．Honey. B．Sugar. C．Milk. 3．What is the woman’s best subject? A．Art. B．Science. C．Math. 4．What did the man do yesterday? A．He went to the zoo. B．He watched TV. C．He adopted a pet. 5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Doctor and patient. C．Mother and son. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What does the woman primarily use the device for? A．Reading books. B．Watching films. C．Writing articles. 7．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The wide usage of electronic products. B．A book with a meaningful topic. C．Ways to form new habits. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What is the woman’s nationality? A．Australian. B．British. C．American. 9．How did the man learn about the woman’s home country? A．From travel. B．From videos. C．From relatives. 10．Why do most people in the woman’s home country live 50 kilometers from the coast? A．The country has a severe climate. B．It’s convenient to take road trips. C．They want to enjoy surfing and beaches. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．When did the man get to the office today? A．At 6:00 a.m. B．At 7:45 a.m. C．At 8:45 a.m. 12．Why did the woman invite the man to join her? A．He’s a department manager. B．He’s a marketing expert. C．He’s a reliable friend. 13．How will the man help the woman? A．By editing her marketing plans. B．By making her a coffee. C．By inspiring her ideas. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．How did the man feel in the beginning? A．Grateful. B．Worried. C．Motivated. 15．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a school. B．In an office. C．At home. 16．What is the man’s initial motivation in language learning? A．To know about different peoples. B．To have more work opportunities. C．To understand movies in other languages. 17．What is the first step in language learning according to the woman? A．Appreciating cultures. B．Gaining interest in languages. C．Understanding the benefits of languages. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What does the speaker usually write about? A．Community relations. B．Economic trends. C．Medical care. 19．Where did the speaker learn the tips? A．From online articles. B．From his doctor. C．From a book. 20．What will the speaker share next? A．Further explanations of the topic. B．A list of his favorite books. C．A personal story. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A What is a GPA? A GPA, or Grade Point Average, typically ranging from one to four, is a number reflecting your course performance on average. It’s used by universities to determine whether students meet academic standards and by students to enhance job prospects or secure admission into post-graduate programs. How to calculate a GPA? ● Determine the letter grade and the number of credit hours for each course you take in a term; ● Translate the letter grade to grade points using your school’s grading system; ● Multiply the grade points by the credit hours for that course; ● Add up all the credit hours for the courses; ● Divide the total number of grade points by the total credit hours and you get the GPA. Example: Academic Transcript of Jane Smith Winter 2023 Courses Letter Grade Grade points Credit hours Total points GPA Creative Writing A+ 4.0 3 12 - Psychology A- 3.7 3 11.1 - History B+ 3.3 3 9.9 - Computer Science F 0.0 2 0 - Total - - 11 33 What are the consequences of failing college courses? ● Every failing grade (F) significantly impacts your GPA for that academic year, limiting clubs, organizations and program choices, as competitive programs require top GPAs. ● Most financial aid programs require a specific GPA. A sharp drop in GPA due to several course failures may lead to withdrawal from financial aid programs, unless you retake the courses and pass. ● For college athletes on sports scholarships, failing courses repeatedly can lead to losing scholarships and team sports. ● Failing multiple courses can result in school removal and affect future applications. 1 Where is this text probably taken from? A. An academic course guide. B. A campus job fair poster. C. A graduate application form. D. An athletic team schedule. 2. What is Jane Smith’s GPA this term? A. 3.3. B. 3.0. C. 2.8. D. 1.0. 3. What would be a result if you get one F in college? A. School removal. B. Loss of financial aid. C. Choice limitation. D. Disqualification in sports. B Many economists predict 2024 will be the time shoppers tighten their belts. That doesn’t mean people will stop spending say retail (零售) analysts. But it will change what they choose to buy. With a slowing job market, global consumers are likely to move away from more high-priced purchases and focus instead on smaller, less expensive treats. The economic uncertainty means that consumers are becoming more discriminating about their purchases, says Ethan Chermofsky, senior vice president of marketing at intelligence platform Placer. ai. “There are the things we decide are necessary, and then there’s another category of things that aren’t necessary but that we consider affordable luxuries, he says. This desire for these “affordable luxuries” is common in difficult economic times. Some economists refer to the phenomenon as the “lipstick index”: a small economic increase led by budget-minded consumers seeking out relatively affordable splurges (挥霍), like small cosmetics (化妆品). Analysts at Deloitte say consumers will spend on little luxuries like specialty coffees and snacks as well. Additionally, stressed-out shoppers are prioritizing small splurge purchases for wellness and personal care. As retailers see shoppers turning to little luxuries, they’re offering more and more of them. Target, for example, has staked a flag in what they refer to as “affordable joy”, which includes a selection of self-care and cosmetic products, along with wellness-centric beauty products. Beyond diversifying their offerings, stores are also bringing in luxury-feeling products at lower price points to appeal to more consumers. Ethan says not every shopper will shift their spending to little luxuries-but even those who are still longing for the “must-haves” of social media will also look to get a deal. They want the feeling of purchasing lower-priced affordable treats. To get these goods, shoppers are likely to tap into the re-sale market for designer items at a more reasonable price. They want things that make them feel good about themselves-they just want to do it without breaking the bank. 4. What can affordable luxuries be? A. Inexpensive daily necessities. B. High-end products. C. Reasonably-priced designer items. D. High-priced purchases. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The strategies retailers use. B. The joy businesses offer. C. The competition stores face. D. The products consumers buy. 6. What do most shoppers seek according to Ethan? A. Social-media deals. B. World-famous brands. C. Second-hand bargains. D. Budget-friendly pleasures. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Lipstick Index: Where Does It Lead Us? B. Must-have Treats: A Future Spending Trend C. Affordable Joy: Will We Fall Into The Trap? D. Little Luxuries: A Driving Force Behind Consumption C For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread. The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. 8. What do the researchers focus on about the brain? A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to diseases. C. Its controlling function. D. Its connection to the body. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2? A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect. 10. Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier? A. Cheaper. B. More specific. C. Safer. D. More direct. 11. What does the study suggest in the last paragraph? A. Brain health depends on immune changes. B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions. C. The brain can help enhance psychological health. D. The brain may be key to treating physical diseases. D Ariel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyone’s satisfaction. But it’s also because Procaccia’s work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for dividing stuff up fairly. One way to do that is to think abstractly about dessert. For decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple question of how to cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beyond birthday parties. A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict reasoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social scientists, economists and more. “It’s a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really is, and reason about it,” Procaccia says. The simplest approach is called the “divider-chooser” method, where one person cuts the cake into two equal pieces in his view, and the other person picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the other’s. But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning of fairness changes in this situation. The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settle disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division algorithms (算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Haris Aziz is exploring situations ranging from how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors’ shifts in hospitals. Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle (拼图) with a well-defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathematical sandbox, a constructive playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the more there is to explore. 12. What does the underlined word “distill” in paragraph 2 mean? A Get the essence of. B. Find the opposite of. C. Keep the focus on. D. Reduce the impact on. 13. What can we learn about fairness from the example given in paragraph 3? A. Its standard is stable. B. It prevents unequal division. C. Its concept is complex. D. It dominates personal preferences. 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning cake cutting? A. The application of its rules. B. The details of its process. C. The problems it produces. D. The harmony it symbolizes. 15 What is the best title for the text? A. Who Benefits Most from Fairness? B. How Has Fairness Changed over Time? C. What Method Works Best in Cake-cutting? D. Why are Researchers so Interested in Cake-cutting? 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. ____16____ This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. ____17____ As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. ____18____ Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. ____19____ After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. ____20____ So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A. It extends learning beyond textbooks. B. These activities bring learning to life. C. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. D. Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) My grandmother suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Seeing her condition worsen over time, and knowing I could do nothing, created a feeling of ____21____ in me. As the years passed and my understanding of the disease grew, my frustration turned first to anger, then resignation (顺从), and finally ____22____. Though the disease was bound to slowly eat away at her, there were ways to ____23____ its progress. Every night the two of us would sit together and ____24____ while my grandmother would count beans. The exercise could help to keep her mentally ____25____. Gradually her counting became slower, and she would lose track of things more ____26____. While at night we would count beans, in the day I involved myself in studies of ____27____. My earlier feelings of despair gave way to ____28____; advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured, or ____29____ from developing Alzheimer’s in the first place. Seeing my grandmother slip away ____30____ me to take biology courses to learn more about cells, the nervous system, and genetic information, which helped me better understand how our ____31____ of this disease has grown in the past decade. ____32____ I began to see new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s. Nowadays, my grandmother cannot count beans anymore and doesn’t ____33____ me at all. Once she used to tell me stories and I whispered to her all my problems. Now I am a ____34____ to her. How I wish one day I could contribute to a future, where no child has to watch their grandmother count the ____35____ they have left together. 21. A. regret B. dilemma C. annoyance D. hopelessness 22. A. pity B. sympathy C. tolerance D. acceptance 23. A. stop B. slow C. change D. accelerate 24. A. chat B. sigh C. think D. complain 25. A. strong B. sharp. C. busy D. fresh 26. A. easily B. naturally C. slowly D. painfully 27. A. nursing B. biology C. companion D. psychology 28. A. anxiety B. calmness C. optimism D. indifference 29. A. excused B. defended C. prevented D. separated 30. A. urged B. forced C. required D. motivated 31. A. concern B. sympathy C. knowledge D. experience 32. A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Temporarily D. Accidentally 33. A. miss B. expect C. notice D. recognize 34. A. listener B. follower C. stranger D. watcher 35. A. time B. beans C. money D. stories 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, ____36____ (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when ____37____ (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills. To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin ____38____ (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, ___39___ function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock. There ____40____ (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of ____41____ other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are ___42___ (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children. Playing with shuttlecocks is ____43____ (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient ____44____ (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime. Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987 the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing _____45_____ people of all ages. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，近日参加了学校的创意手工作品展，外籍笔友David对你的作品很感兴趣。请用英语给他写封邮件，介绍你的作品及感受。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear David, I am writing to share the exhibition of creative handmade works with you. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I didn’t like Del so much. He always called me the nickname “Germy”, which meant “dirty”, instead of my real name “Jamie”. Besides, he was known as a trouble-maker in school. So when the head teacher Mr. Smith asked Del to come to his office, I naturally thought that Del had done something mean to someone. Through the window, I caught sight of a smaller boy crying. Del seemed unhappy, too. He did not return to class that day. All of us were discussing what had happened to him. What else could such an annoying boy do? “He must have hit the boy and was sent home,” I whispered to my friends. Their eyes widened. It felt good to see them so interested in what I said. The next morning, the whole school was talking about Del being expelled(开除) for beating up a kid. I was surprised that my assumptions were passed on so quickly. So when Del walked into the classroom, all the kids were shocked. The kids next to him shift ed their desks away. “What’s your problem?” Del asked. “I don’t want you to attack me,” one kid said. Some laughed. “Yeah, I might,” said Del. I could tell he was joking, but many kids thought he admitted he did beat up someone. During recess(课间休息), Del tried to join the kickball game. “Neither team wants you,” one of the players said. “Why?” Del asked, looking confused. “I always play with you guys.” They ignored him and went on playing. Del sat by himself while the rest of the school enjoyed their recess away from him. Del looked lonely and sad, much different from before. I started to feel sorry for him. Later that day, I learned what really happened. The kid was Del’s little brother and he was crying because their mother fell ill and was sent to hospital. I felt even sorrier for what I said before. I started a rumor(谣言). 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 实验中学高二英语 高二英语期末模拟卷 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the woman need to hire? A．A computer repair specialist. B．A web developer. C．A sales manager. 2．What would the woman prefer in her tea? A．Honey. B．Sugar. C．Milk. 3．What is the woman’s best subject? A．Art. B．Science. C．Math. 4．What did the man do yesterday? A．He went to the zoo. B．He watched TV. C．He adopted a pet. 5．What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Doctor and patient. C．Mother and son. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What does the woman primarily use the device for? A．Reading books. B．Watching films. C．Writing articles. 7．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．The wide usage of electronic products. B．A book with a meaningful topic. C．Ways to form new habits. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．What is the woman’s nationality? A．Australian. B．British. C．American. 9．How did the man learn about the woman’s home country? A．From travel. B．From videos. C．From relatives. 10．Why do most people in the woman’s home country live 50 kilometers from the coast? A．The country has a severe climate. B．It’s convenient to take road trips. C．They want to enjoy surfing and beaches. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．When did the man get to the office today? A．At 6:00 a.m. B．At 7:45 a.m. C．At 8:45 a.m. 12．Why did the woman invite the man to join her? A．He’s a department manager. B．He’s a marketing expert. C．He’s a reliable friend. 13．How will the man help the woman? A．By editing her marketing plans. B．By making her a coffee. C．By inspiring her ideas. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．How did the man feel in the beginning? A．Grateful. B．Worried. C．Motivated. 15．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．At a school. B．In an office. C．At home. 16．What is the man’s initial motivation in language learning? A．To know about different peoples. B．To have more work opportunities. C．To understand movies in other languages. 17．What is the first step in language learning according to the woman? A．Appreciating cultures. B．Gaining interest in languages. C．Understanding the benefits of languages. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What does the speaker usually write about? A．Community relations. B．Economic trends. C．Medical care. 19．Where did the speaker learn the tips? A．From online articles. B．From his doctor. C．From a book. 20．What will the speaker share next? A．Further explanations of the topic. B．A list of his favorite books. C．A personal story. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A What is a GPA? A GPA, or Grade Point Average, typically ranging from one to four, is a number reflecting your course performance on average. It’s used by universities to determine whether students meet academic standards and by students to enhance job prospects or secure admission into post-graduate programs. How to calculate a GPA? ● Determine the letter grade and the number of credit hours for each course you take in a term; ● Translate the letter grade to grade points using your school’s grading system; ● Multiply the grade points by the credit hours for that course; ● Add up all the credit hours for the courses; ● Divide the total number of grade points by the total credit hours and you get the GPA. Example: Academic Transcript of Jane Smith Winter 2023 Courses Letter Grade Grade points Credit hours Total points GPA Creative Writing A+ 4.0 3 12 - Psychology A- 3.7 3 11.1 - History B+ 3.3 3 9.9 - Computer Science F 0.0 2 0 - Total - - 11 33 What are the consequences of failing college courses? ● Every failing grade (F) significantly impacts your GPA for that academic year, limiting clubs, organizations and program choices, as competitive programs require top GPAs. ● Most financial aid programs require a specific GPA. A sharp drop in GPA due to several course failures may lead to withdrawal from financial aid programs, unless you retake the courses and pass. ● For college athletes on sports scholarships, failing courses repeatedly can lead to losing scholarships and team sports. ● Failing multiple courses can result in school removal and affect future applications. 1. Where is this text probably taken from? A. An academic course guide. B. A campus job fair poster. C. A graduate application form. D. An athletic team schedule. 2. What is Jane Smith’s GPA this term? A. 3.3. B. 3.0. C. 2.8. D. 1.0. 3. What would be a result if you get one F in college? A. School removal. B. Loss of financial aid. C. Choice limitation. D. Disqualification in sports. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了平均学分绩点（GPA）的概念、计算方式和大学课程不及格的后果。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中的“What is a GPA?(什么是平均学分绩点？)”“How to calculate a GPA?(如何计算平均学分绩点？)”“What are the consequences of failing college courses?(大学课程不及格的后果是什么？)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章介绍了大学用来确定学生是否达到学术标准的评价准则——GPA，并介绍了GPA的计算方法及课程不及格的后果，应该选自学术课程指南。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“How to calculate a GPA?”下面“Divide the total number of grade points by the total credit hours and you get the GPA.(把总分除以总学时，你就得到了平均绩点。)”并结合表格内容可知，Jane Smith的所有课程中，总分是33，总学时是11，33÷11=3，所以她的GPA是3。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What are the consequences of failing college courses?”下面的“Every failing grade (F) significantly impacts your GPA for that academic year, limiting clubs, organizations and program choices, as competitive programs require top GPAs.(每一个不及格的分数（F）都会显著影响你在该学年的GPA，限制俱乐部、组织和项目选择，因为竞争性项目需要顶尖的GPA。)”可知，如果你在大学得了一个F的打分，你的选择将会受限制。故选C。 B Many economists predict 2024 will be the time shoppers tighten their belts. That doesn’t mean people will stop spending, say retail (零售) analysts. But it will change what they choose to buy. With a slowing job market, global consumers are likely to move away from more high-priced purchases and focus instead on smaller, less expensive treats. The economic uncertainty means that consumers are becoming more discriminating about their purchases, says Ethan Chermofsky, senior vice president of marketing at intelligence platform Placer. ai. “There are the things we decide are necessary, and then there’s another category of things that aren’t necessary but that we consider affordable luxuries, he says. This desire for these “affordable luxuries” is common in difficult economic times. Some economists refer to the phenomenon as the “lipstick index”: a small economic increase led by budget-minded consumers seeking out relatively affordable splurges (挥霍), like small cosmetics (化妆品). Analysts at Deloitte say consumers will spend on little luxuries like specialty coffees and snacks as well. Additionally, stressed-out shoppers are prioritizing small splurge purchases for wellness and personal care. As retailers see shoppers turning to little luxuries, they’re offering more and more of them. Target, for example, has staked a flag in what they refer to as “affordable joy”, which includes a selection of self-care and cosmetic products, along with wellness-centric beauty products. Beyond diversifying their offerings, stores are also bringing in luxury-feeling products at lower price points to appeal to more consumers. Ethan says not every shopper will shift their spending to little luxuries-but even those who are still longing for the “must-haves” of social media will also look to get a deal. They want the feeling of purchasing lower-priced affordable treats. To get these goods, shoppers are likely to tap into the re-sale market for designer items at a more reasonable price. They want things that make them feel good about themselves-they just want to do it without breaking the bank. 4. What can affordable luxuries be? A. Inexpensive daily necessities. B. High-end products. C. Reasonably-priced designer items. D. High-priced purchases. 5. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The strategies retailers use. B. The joy businesses offer. C. The competition stores face. D. The products consumers buy. 6. What do most shoppers seek according to Ethan? A. Social-media deals. B. World-famous brands. C. Second-hand bargains. D. Budget-friendly pleasures. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Lipstick Index: Where Does It Lead Us? B. Must-have Treats: A Future Spending Trend C. Affordable Joy: Will We Fall Into The Trap? D. Little Luxuries: A Driving Force Behind Consumption 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍随着就业市场的放缓，全球消费者可能会不再购买价格较高的商品，而是将注意力集中在较小的、不太昂贵的商品上以及出现这种现象的原因。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This desire for these “affordable luxuries” is common in difficult economic times. Some economists refer to the phenomenon as the “lipstick index”: a small economic increase led by budget-minded consumers seeking out relatively affordable splurges (挥霍), like small cosmetics (化妆品).(这种对这些“负担得起的奢侈品”的渴望在经济困难时期很常见。一些经济学家将这种现象称为“口红指数”：由精打细算的消费者寻找相对负担得起的奢侈品（比如小化妆品）导致的小幅经济增长)”可知，负担得起的奢侈品是指价格合理的名牌商品。故选C。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“As retailers see shoppers turning to little luxuries, they’re offering more and more of them. Target, for example, has staked a flag in what they refer to as “affordable joy”, which includes a select ion of self-care and cosmetic products, along with wellness-centric beauty products. Beyond diversifying their offerings, stores are also bringing in luxury-feeling products at lower price points to appeal to more consumers.(当零售商看到消费者转向小奢侈品时，他们提供了越来越多的小奢侈品。例如，塔吉特在他们所谓的“负担得起的快乐”上打了个旗号，其中包括一系列精选的自我护理和化妆品，以及以健康为中心的美容产品。除了使产品多样化，商店还推出了价格较低的奢侈品，以吸引更多的消费者)”可知，第四段的主要内容是零售商使用的策略。故选A。 【6题详解】 理解理解题。根据最后一段“Ethan says not every shopper will shift their spending to little luxuries-but even those who are still longing for the “must-haves” of social media will also look to get a deal. They want the feeling of purchasing lower-priced affordable treats.(伊桑说，并不是每个购物者都会把他们的消费转移到小奢侈品上，但即使是那些仍然渴望获得社交媒体“必需品”的人，也会希望得到优惠。他们想要的是购买价格更低、负担得起的食物的感觉)”可知，根据伊森的说法，大多数购物者都在寻找预算友好的乐趣。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many economists predict 2024 will be the time shoppers tighten their belts. That doesn’t mean people will stop spending, say retail (零售) analysts. But it will change what they choose to buy. With a slowing job market, global consumers are likely to move away from more high-priced purchases and focus instead on smaller, less expensive treats.(许多经济学家预测，2024年将是购物者勒紧腰带的时候。零售业分析师说，这并不意味着人们会停止消费。但这将改变他们的购买选择。随着就业市场的放缓，全球消费者可能会不再购买价格较高的商品，而是将注意力集中在较小的、不太昂贵的商品上)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍随着就业市场的放缓，全球消费者可能会不再购买价格较高的商品，而是将注意力集中在较小的、不太昂贵的商品上以及出现这种现象的原因。由此可知，D选项“小奢侈品：消费背后的驱动力”最符合文章标题。故选D。 C For decades, scientists thought of the brain as the most valuable and consequently most closely guarded part of the body. Locked safely behind the blood-brain barrier, it was broadly free of the harm of viruses and the battles started by the immune system (免疫系统). Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. The effect is two-way. There is a lengthening list of symptoms not typically viewed as disorders of the nervous system, but the brain plays a large part in them. For example, the development of a fever is influenced by a population of nerve cells that control body temperature and appetite. Evidence is mounting that cancers use nerves to grow and spread. The interconnection between the brain and body has promising implications for our ability to both understand and treat illnesses. If some brain disorders start outside the brain, then perhaps treatments for them could also reach in from outside. Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. It also works in the opposite direction. Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. 8. What do the researchers focus on about the brain? A. Its protecting system. B. Its exposure to diseases. C. Its controlling function. D. Its connection to the body. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 2? A. By explaining a theory. B. By providing examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By presenting cause and effect. 10. Which best describes treatments that do not cross the blood-brain barrier? A. Cheaper. B. More specific. C. Safer. D. More direct. 11. What does the study suggest in the last paragraph? A. Brain health depends on immune changes. B. Brain stimulation leads to negative emotions. C The brain can help enhance psychological health. D. The brain may be key to treating physical diseases. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些研究人员发现大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分，它和身体的其它部分产生的疾病是有联系的。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, about 20 years ago, some researchers began to wonder: is the brain really so separated from the body? The answer, according to a growing body of evidence, is no. (然后，大约20年前，一些研究人员开始怀疑：大脑真的与身体如此分离吗？根据越来越多的证据，答案是否定的。)”可知，研究人员主要研究大脑与身体的联系。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The list of brain conditions that have been associated with changes elsewhere in the body is long and growing. Changes in the makeup of the microorganisms in the digestive system have been linked to disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. There is also a theory that infection during pregnancy could lead to brain diseases in babies. (与身体其他部位变化相关的大脑状况清单很长，而且还在不断增加。消化系统中微生物组成的变化与帕金森病等疾病有关。还有一种理论认为，怀孕期间的感染可能会导致婴儿脑部疾病。)”可知，这一段作者主要通过消化系统和怀孕期间的感染2个例子来论证自己的观点，说明大脑并不是身体中保护最严密的部分。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Treatments that take effect through the digestive system, the heart or other organs, would be much easier and less risky than those that must cross the blood-brain barrier. (通过消化系统、心脏或其他器官进行的治疗比必须穿过血脑屏障的治疗更容易，风险更小。)”可知，不通过血脑屏障的治疗风险更小。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Study shows mice have healthier hearts after receiving stimulation to a brain area involved in positive emotion and motivation. Activation of the brain reward centre — called the ventral tegmental area (VTA) — seems to cause immune changes that contribute to it. Working out how this happens could help to destroy cancers, enhance responses to vaccines and even re-evaluate physical diseases that, for centuries, have not been considered as being psychologically driven. (研究表明，在大脑中涉及积极情绪和动机的区域受到刺激后，小鼠的心脏更健康。大脑奖赏中心——被称为腹侧被盖区（VTA）——的激活似乎会导致免疫变化。弄清楚这种情况是如何发生的，可以帮助摧毁癌症，增强对疫苗的反应，甚至重新评估几个世纪以来一直不被认为是心理驱动的物理疾病。)”可知，大脑可能是治疗身体疾病的关键。故选D。 D Ariel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyone’s satisfaction. But it’s also because Procaccia’s work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for dividing stuff up fairly. One way to do that is to think abstractly about dessert. For decades, researchers have been asking the seemingly simple question of how to cut a cake fairly. The answer reaches far beyond birthday parties. A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict reasoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social scientists, economists and more. “It’s a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really is, and reason about it,” Procaccia says. The simplest approach is called the “divider-chooser” method, where one person cuts the cake into two equal pieces in his view, and the other person picks first. Each receives a piece that they feel is as valuable as the other’s. But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning of fairness changes in this situation. The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settle disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division algorithms (算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Haris Aziz is exploring situations ranging from how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors’ shifts in hospitals. Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle (拼图) with a well-defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathematical sandbox, a constructive playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the more there is to explore. 12. What does the underlined word “distill” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Get the essence of. B. Find the opposite of. C. Keep the focus on. D. Reduce the impact on. 13. What can we learn about fairness from the example given in paragraph 3? A. Its standard is stable. B. It prevents unequal division. C. Its concept is complex. D. It dominates personal preferences. 14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about concerning cake cutting? A. The application of its rules. B. The details of its process. C. The problems it produces. D. The harmony it symbolizes. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Who Benefits Most from Fairness? B. How Has Fairness Changed over Time? C. What Method Works Best in Cake-cutting? D. Why are Researchers so Interested in Cake-cutting? 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍各个领域的研究人员对切蛋糕这一问题的本质和方法的研究以及切蛋糕的规则在解决现实问题中的应用。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“A mathematical problem at its heart, cake cutting connects strict reasoning to real-world issues of fairness, and so attracts not only mathematicians, but also social scientists, economists and more. “It’s a very elegant model in which you can distill what fairness really is, and reason about it,” Procaccia says. (切蛋糕是一个数学问题的核心，它将严格的推理与现实世界的公平问题联系在一起，因此不仅吸引了数学家，也吸引了社会科学家、经济学家等。Procaccia说：“这是一个非常优雅的模型，在这个模型中，你可以distill出什么是公平，并对此进行推理。”)”可知，这里说明人们可以通过切蛋糕问题来提炼理解什么是公平，所以distill的意思应该是“提炼”，和选项A意思一致。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But when personal preferences are taken into account, even the easiest rule becomes complicated. Suppose Alice and Bob are to divide a cake, and Alice knows Bob prefers chocolate, she may knowingly divide the cake unequally so the smaller piece contains more chocolate. Then Bob will choose according to his preference, and Alice will get the larger piece. Both of them are satisfied with what they get, but the meaning of fairness changes in this situation. (但当考虑到个人偏好时，即使是最简单的规则也会变得复杂。假设爱丽丝和鲍勃要分一块蛋糕，爱丽丝知道鲍勃更喜欢巧克力，她可能会故意把蛋糕分得不相等，这样小的一块含有更多的巧克力。然后鲍勃会根据自己的喜好进行选择，爱丽丝会得到更大的一块。他们都对所得到的感到满意，但公平的意义在这种情况下发生了变化。)”可知，公平这一概念是很复杂的。故选C。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“The cake is a symbol for any divisible good. When cake-cutting principles are employed to settle disagreements, they are potentially helping the world find solutions. Procaccia has used fair division algorithms(算法) to model food distribution. Social scientist Haris Aziz is exploring situations ranging from how to divide up daily tasks to how to best schedule doctors’ shifts in hospitals. (蛋糕是任何可分割商品的象征。当切蛋糕的原则被用来解决分歧时，它们有可能帮助世界找到解决方案。Procaccia使用公平分配算法对食物分配进行建模。社会科学家Haris Aziz正在探索各种情况，从如何分配日常任务到如何最好地安排医生在医院的轮班。)”可知，这一段主要介绍切蛋糕规则的应用。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ariel Procaccia has thought a lot about how to cut a cake over the last 15 years. As the father of three children, he knows how hard it is to divide a birthday cake to everyone’s satisfaction. But it’s also because Procaccia’s work focuses on exploring the mathematical rules for dividing stuff up fairly. One way to do that is to think abstractly about dessert. (Ariel Procaccia在过去的15年里思考了很多关于如何切蛋糕的问题。作为三个孩子的父亲，他知道要让每个人都满意地分一个生日蛋糕有多难。但这也是因为Procaccia的工作专注于探索公平划分事物的数学规则。一种方法是抽象地思考甜点。)”和最后一段“Even after decades of investigation, cake cutting isn’t like a simple jigsaw puzzle(拼图) with a well-defined solution. Instead, over time, it has evolved into a kind of mathematical sandbox, a constructive playground that brings together abstract proofs and easy applications. The more researchers explore it, the more there is to explore. (即使经过几十年的调查，切蛋糕也不像一个简单的拼图游戏，有明确的解决方案。相反，随着时间的推移，它已经演变成一种数学沙盒，一个将抽象证明和简单应用程序结合在一起的建设性游乐场。研究人员对它的探索越多，就越有探索的余地。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍研究者为什么对切蛋糕问题感兴趣。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks. ____16____ This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you. It’s about learning from real-life experiences, and discovering a more profound and engaging way to learn. To practice experiential appreciation, you can start by getting involved in hands-on activities related to your subjects. They will provide a firsthand understanding of the concepts you’re studying, making learning active and meaningful. So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. ____17____ As you dive deeper, immerse (沉浸) yourself fully in the surroundings and activities. When you’re in nature, don’t just look around. ____18____ Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable. ____19____ After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. Write in a journal or discuss it with friends. This self-discovery turns experiences into life lessons and offers a deeper understanding of the world. Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. ____20____ So, explore the world around you, let every experience shape you, and discover the endless possibilities that await. This is the core of true learning, where every moment is a step towards a richer, more enlightened life. A It extends learning beyond textbooks. B. These activities bring learning to life. C. Mind the impact of your actions on the environment. D. Instead, activate your senses for a stronger tie with it. E. Take your experiences further by reflecting on them. F. Textbooks offer a systematic introduction to essential concepts and principles. G. Now consider expanding your learning from just reading to actively participating. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“体验式欣赏”——一种鼓励你直接与周围的世界接触的学习方法。 【16题详解】 根据上文“As a high school student, you’re likely used to learning through reading textbooks.(作为一名高中生，你可能已经习惯了通过阅读教科书来学习)”以及下文“This lies at the heart of “experiential appreciation,” a philosophy that encourages you to engage directly with the world around you. (这是“体验式欣赏”的核心，这种哲学鼓励你直接与周围的世界接触。)推测，此处在谈论不止有通过阅读教科书来学习这一种方法，因此推断G项“现在考虑把你的学习从单纯的阅读扩展到积极参与。)”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“So, try joining a sports team, picking up a paintbrush, or taking part in a local charity event. (所以，试着加入一个运动队，拿起画笔，或者参加当地的慈善活动。) ”推测，此处在谈论这些活动的作用，因此推断B项“这些活动将学习带入生活”符合语境，故选B。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Touching the leaves, feeling the wind and listening to the birds can enrich your learning and make each moment more memorable.(触摸树叶，感受风，倾听鸟儿，可以丰富你的学习，让每一刻都更难忘。)”推测，此处在谈论感觉的作用，结合D项“相反，激活你的感官，让它与你的感官更紧密地联系在起。”符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据下文“After trying something new, ask yourself what you learned and how it made you feel. (在尝试了一些新的东西之后，问问自己学到了什么，以及它给你带来了什么感觉。)”推测，此处在谈论反思的作用，因此推断E项“通过反思你的经历，让你的经历更进一步。”符合语境，故应E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Experiential appreciation transforms learning from a task to be completed into a journey to be treasured. (体验式的欣赏将学习从一个需要完成的任务转变为一个需要珍惜的旅程。)”推测，此处在谈论体验式的欣赏优于教科书，因此推断A项“它将学习扩展到远远超出教科书的范围。)”符合语境，故选A。 第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) My grandmother suffers from Alzheimer’s disease. Seeing her condition worsen over time, and knowing I could do nothing, created a feeling of ____21____ in me. As the years passed and my understanding of the disease grew, my frustration turned first to anger, then resignation (顺从), and finally ____22____. Though the disease was bound to slowly eat away at her, there were ways to ____23____ its progress. Every night the two of us would sit together and ____24____ while my grandmother would count beans. The exercise could help to keep her mentally ____25____. Gradually her counting became slower, and she would lose track of things more ____26____. While at night we would count beans, in the day I involved myself in studies of ____27____. My earlier feelings of despair gave way to ____28____; advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured, or ____29____ from developing Alzheimer’s in the first place. Seeing my grandmother slip away ____30____ me to take biology courses to learn more about cells, the nervous system, and genetic information, which helped me better understand how our ____31____ of this disease has grown in the past decade. ____32____ I began to see new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s. Nowadays, my grandmother cannot count beans anymore and doesn’t ____33____ me at all. Once she used to tell me stories and I whispered to her all my problems. Now I am a ____34____ to her. How I wish one day I could contribute to a future, where no child has to watch their grandmother count the ____35____ they have left together. 21. A. regret B. dilemma C. annoyance D. hopelessness 22. A. pity B. sympathy C. tolerance D. acceptance 23. A. stop B. slow C. change D. accelerate 24. A. chat B. sigh C. think D. complain 25. A. strong B. sharp. C. busy D. fresh 26. A. easily B. naturally C. slowly D. painfully 27. A. nursing B. biology C. companion D. psychology 28. A. anxiety B. calmness C. optimism D. indifference 29. A. excused B. defended C. prevented D. separated 30. A. urged B. forced C. required D. motivated 31. A. concern B. sympathy C. knowledge D. experience 32. A. Instantly B. Gradually C. Temporarily D. Accidentally 33. A. miss B. expect C. notice D. recognize 34. A. listener B. follower C. stranger D. watcher 35. A. time B. beans C. money D. stories 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者陪伴患老年痴呆症奶奶一起生活的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着她的病情随着时间的推移而恶化，知道我无能为力，我产生了一种绝望的感觉。A. regret后悔；B. dilemma困境；C. annoyance烦恼；D. hopelessness绝望。由上文“I could do nothing”可知，这是很“绝望”的感觉。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月的流逝，我对这种疾病的了解与日俱增，我的沮丧首先变成了愤怒，然后是顺从，最后是接受。 A. pity可怜；B. sympathy同情；C. tolerance容忍；D. acceptance接受。由上文“anger, then resignation”以及语境可知，作者最后“接受”了事实。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管这种疾病一定会慢慢折磨她，但还是有办法减缓它的进展。A. stop停止；B. slow减缓；C. change改变；D. accelerate加快。由下文“my grandmother would count beans” 可知，作者用奶奶数豆子的方式来“减缓”疾病的恶化。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，我们俩坐在一起聊天，而我奶奶则数豆子。A. chat聊天；B. sigh叹气；C. think思考；D. complain抱怨。由上文“sit together”以及语境可知，作者和奶奶坐一起“聊天”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这项运动可以帮助她保持精神敏锐。A. strong强的；B. sharp锋利的，敏锐的；C. busy忙的；D. fresh新鲜的。由上文 “my grandmother would count beans”以及语境可知，这里指数豆子可以帮助作者奶奶保持精神“敏锐”，延缓老年痴呆。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，她的计数速度变慢了，她也更容易忘记事情。A. easily容易地；B. naturally自然地；C. slowly慢慢地；D. painfully痛苦地。由上文“Gradually her counting became slower”可知，作者奶奶老年痴呆症越来越严重了，所以更“容易”忘事。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：晚上我们会数豆子，白天我会研究生物学。A. nursing护理；B. biology生物学；C. companion陪同；D. psychology心理学。由下文“me to take biology courses to learn more about cells”可知，作者在研究“生物学”。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A. anxiety焦虑；B. calmness冷静；C. optimism乐观主义；D. indifference冷漠。由下文“advances in genetic engineering offered the possibility that one day those like my grandmother could be cured”可知，作者变得“乐观”，相信有一天阿尔茨海默氏症可以避免或者治疗。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我早些时候的绝望感让位于最佳状态；基因工程的进步提供了一种可能性，即有一天，像我奶奶这样的人可以被治愈，或者从一开始就避免患上阿尔茨海默氏症。A. excused原谅；B. defended为……辩护；C. prevented预防；D. separated分开。由上文“could be cured”可知，作者期待阿尔茨海默氏症可以被治疗或者“预防”。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A. urged催促；B. forced强制；C. required要求；D. motivated激励。由上文“Seeing my grandmother slip away”可知，看到奶奶的状况“激励”作者选择学习生物学课程，希望更好帮助奶奶。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到奶奶越来越健忘，我开始学习生物学课程，更多地了解细胞、神经系统和遗传信息，这帮助我更好地了解我们对这种疾病的了解在过去十年中是如何增长的。A. concern关心；B. sympathy同情；C. knowledge知识，了解；D. experience经验。由上文 “cells, the nervous system, and genetic information”可知，作者希望通过学习这些更多“了解”这种疾病。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我开始看到预防阿尔茨海默氏症等疾病的新可能性。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Temporarily暂时地；D. Accidentally意外地。由下文“new possibilities for preventing diseases like Alzheimer’s”以及语境可知，“逐渐地”，作者期待像这样的疾病可以被预防。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，我的奶奶再也不会数豆子了，根本认不出我了。A. miss想念；B. expect期待；C. notice注意到；D. recognize认出。由上文“my grandmother cannot count beans anymore ”以及语境可知，奶奶情况恶化，最终不能“认出”作者了。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在我对她已经陌生了。A. listener听众；B. follower跟随者；C. stranger陌生人；D. watcher观察者。由上文“doesn’t 　13　　me at all”可知，对于奶奶，作者现在就是“陌生人”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我多么希望有一天我能为未来做出贡献，在未来，没有孩子必须看着他们的祖母计算他们在一起剩下的时间。A. time时间；B. beans豆子；C. money钱；D. stories故事。由下文“they have left together”以及语境可知，这里指一起数剩下来在一起的“时间”。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shuttlecock (毽子) kicking is a traditional popular folk game, ____36____ (date) as far back as the Han Dynasty.The fun game gained popularity during the Tang Dynasty, when ____37____ (store) specializing in the shuttlecock business appeared. In the Qing Dynasty, shuttlecock kicking reached its peak in terms of both making techniques and kicking skills. To make a feather shuttlecock, a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin ____38____ (need). Through the coin hole you can stick some feathers, ___39___ function is to delay the rising and falling of the shuttlecock. There ____40____ (be) a great number of variations in styles and methods of kicking. With one leg fixed on the ground, the shuttlecock is kicked by the inner ankle of ____41____ other. Some other styles include kicking the shuttlecock backwards and forwards between two people. Those who advance to a high level of mastery can perform some actions that are ___42___ (fair) wonderful. The challenge of the increasingly difficult levels of shuttlecock kicking has made it a popular and timeless game among Chinese children. Playing with shuttlecocks is ____43____ (benefit) to health. When people are kicking shuttlecocks, various parts of the body need to work together, which enhances balance capabilities and physical flexibility and helps them strengthen their legs. Besides, shuttlecock kicking is convenient ____44____ (play). It can be practiced just about anywhere and anytime. Since the establishment of the Chinese Shuttlecock Kicking Association in 1987, the national shuttlecock kicking tournament has been held annually, appealing _____45_____ people of all ages. 【答案】36. dating 37. stores 38. is needed 39. whose 40. are 41. the 42. fairly 43. beneficial 44. to play 45. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动，以及它的起源和发展。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：踢毽子是一项传统的民间运动，可以追溯到汉代。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，date和逻辑主语Shuttlecock kicking为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填dating。 【37题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：这种有趣的游戏在唐代开始流行，当时专门从事毽子生意的商店出现了。store为可数名词，意为“商店”，结合句意可知，此处应为名词复数形式。故填stores。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：要制作羽绒毽子，需要用一块布包裹一枚硬币。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语a piece of cloth wrapped around a coin和动词need为被动关系，结合句意可知，该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时。故填is needed。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：通过硬币孔可以插入一些羽毛，其作用是延缓毽子的起落。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词some feathers在从句中作function的定语成分。故填whose。 【40题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：踢腿的风格和方法有很多变化。分析句子可知，该句为There be句型，其谓语动词遵循主谓一致的就近原则，主语a great number of variations为复数意义名词，所以为动词复数形式，讲述事实用一般现在时。故填are。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一只脚固定在地面上，用另一只脚的内侧脚踝踢毽子。分析句子可知，此处为冠词the，构成the other，特指“另一只脚”，所以此处为定冠词the的填入。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：那些提升到精通水平的人可以做一些相当精彩的动作。由副词修饰形容词可知，此处为副词fairly作状语修饰形容词wonderful，满足句意要求。故填fairly。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：踢毽子有益于健康。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语be beneficial to“对……有益”，满足句意要求。故填beneficial。 【44题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：此外，踢毽子也很方便。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be adj+ to do“做某事是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作状语。故填to play。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：自1987年中国踢毽球协会成立以来，每年都举办全国踢毽球比赛，吸引了各个年龄段的人们。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语appeal to“吸引”，满足句意要求，所以此处为介词to的填入。故填to。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，近日参加了学校的创意手工作品展，外籍笔友David对你的作品很感兴趣。请用英语给他写封邮件，介绍你的作品及感受。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear David, I am writing to share the exhibition of creative handmade works with you. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I am writing to share the exhibition of creative handmade works with you. Delighted to know you are interested in it. All works were made by us students, which were created from waste and used materials. I made a shopping bag from a pair of worn-out jeans, spending countless minutes designing, decorating and perfecting it. My works has received lots of likes. I find it enjoyable and meaningful to make handmade works from recyclables. And I’ve developed my innovative ability as well. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外籍笔友David回信，介绍自己的创意手工作品展参展作品。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in → have an interest in 无数的：countless → innumerable 有意义的：meaningful → significant  能力：ability → capability 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I find it enjoyable and meaningful to make handmade works from recyclables. 拓展句：I find that it is enjoyable and meaningful to make handmade works from recyclables. 【点睛】[高分句型1] All works were made by us students, which were created from waste and used materials. (运用了关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I made a shopping bag from a pair of worn-out jeans, spending countless minutes designing, decorating and perfecting it. (运用了现在分词作状语和动名词作宾语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I didn’t like Del so much. He always called me the nickname “Germy”, which meant “dirty”, instead of my real name “Jamie”. Besides, he was known as a trouble-maker in school. So when the head teacher Mr. Smith asked Del to come to his office, I naturally thought that Del had done something mean to someone. Through the window, I caught sight of a smaller boy crying. Del seemed unhappy, too. He did not return to class that day. All of us were discussing what had happened to him. What else could such an annoying boy do? “He must have hit the boy and was sent home” I whispered to my friends. Their eyes widened. It felt good to see them so interested in what I said. The next morning, the whole school was talking about Del being expelled(开除) for beating up a kid. I was surprised that my assumptions were passed on so quickly. So when Del walked into the classroom, all the kids were shocked. The kids next to him shift ed their desks away. “What’s your problem?” Del asked. “I don’t want you to attack me,” one kid said. Some laughed. “Yeah, I might,” said Del. I could tell he was joking, but many kids thought he admitted he did beat up someone. During recess(课间休息), Del tried to join the kickball game. “Neither team wants you,” one of the players said. “Why?” Del asked, looking confused. “I always play with you guys.” They ignored him and went on playing. Del sat by himself while the rest of the school enjoyed their recess away from him. Del looked lonely and sad, much different from before. I started to feel sorry for him. Later that day, I learned what really happened. The kid was Del’s little brother and he was crying because their mother fell ill and was sent to hospital. I felt even sorrier for what I said before. I started a rumor(谣言). 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右;2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At recess the next day, I saw Del sitting alone watching the kickball game. Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. “Hey Germy,” he said. “My name is Jamie.” I replied. I wanted to apologize for starting that rumor about him, but I was too ashamed to say it out loudly. “Del, do you want to play kickball with us?” I asked instead. He looked surprised but happy at the same time. After a moment of silence, he nodded his head. Now that Del had forgiven me, I decided to do more before the recess was over. I stood up and shouted to the other kids, “Guys, come here! Let’s play kickball together! ” Some of them hesitated, but they eventually joined us. Del was smiling again and so were we. As we played, I realized that Del wasn’t as bad as I thought he was. He was just a normal kid who wanted to have fun and be accepted by others. From then on, whenever someone tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del. We became good friends, and I learned an important lesson about judging people based on rumors. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者不喜欢一个名叫Del的同学，因为那同学总是称呼作者外号，并且是有名的捣蛋鬼。一次校长把Del叫去办公室，作者透过窗户看到另一个小男孩在哭泣，Del也不高兴，作者认为Del打了人，要被学校开除了，就把自己想象的结果传播给同学，同学们信以为真。Del回到学校后，大家都不和他玩，他很孤独。后来作者知道了真相，校长把Del叫去办公室，是因为他妈妈病了，那个哭泣的小孩是Del的弟弟。作者知道自己传播了谣言，感觉对不起Del，作者主动和Del打招呼，带动其他同学和Del一起玩。他们最终成为好朋友的故事。 详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天课间休息时，我看见Del独自坐着看踢球比赛。”可知，第一段可描写作者想要主动和Del打招呼，和Del一起玩。 ②由第二段首句内容“既然Del已经原谅了我，我决定在课间休息结束前做更多的事情。”可知，第二段可描写作者带动其他同学和Del一起玩，通过交流他们成为好朋友。 2.续写线索：走过去——打招呼——道歉——请求一起玩——带动其他同学一起玩——成为好朋友——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 1.说：say/put it 2.道歉：apologize/say sorry 3.接受：accept/recognize 4.加入：join/take part 情绪类 1. 惊讶的：surprised/astonished 2. 快乐的：happy/pleased/delighted 【点睛】 [高分句型1]. Not wanting him to feel left out, I walked over and sat down beside him. (由否定的非谓语动词现在分词作状语) [高分句型2]. From then on, whenever someone tried to start a rumor about him, I would stand up for him and tell them the truth about Del. (由连词whenever引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$