Lesson 18 专题集训04 语法填空集训——2024初升高英语（2020牛津译林专用）

专题集训04 语法填空集训 Passage A Jiang Shumei, born in 1937, spent most of her time working in a factory. In 1996, she learned her 　1． 　 （one）Chinese character（汉字）. Sixteen years later, she started to write down some of her own 　2． 　 （story）. It was not easy. Sometimes, completing a single sentence could take a day. She 　3． 　 （usual）started at 3 or 4 a. m., and revised（修改）the pieces several times until she was 　4． 　 （satisfy）. In 2013, her book, Time of Trouble, Time of Poverty, was published and proved to be 　5． 　 success. The book earned Jiang a lot of fans and sympathy（同情）. "Don't feel sorry for me," she says to her fans, "The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past. 　6． 　 them, I could never have finished this book." So far, the elderly woman 　7． 　 （publish）six books, totaling more than 600,000 characters in length. "It's never too late. I enjoy 　8． 　 （I）when writing," Jiang says. She lives a healthy life, exercising every day 　9． 　 eating a balanced diet. "If I could live as long as 130, would you still say that it is too late for me 　10． 　 （start）after 60?" she says jokingly. Passage B The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 　1． 　 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, "Let's have 　2． 　 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up 　3． 　 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner." Lu Ban 　4． 　 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 　5． 　 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, 　6． 　 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 　7． 　 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 　8． 　 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, "You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better." So the umbrella 　9． 　 (invent). Later, people began to use paper, which was 　10． 　 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. Passage C Albert Einstein is a genius（天才）．This story about him shows that he's also humorous．Einstein often received　1． 　（ invite） to explain his ideas at different universities．On these trips, his driver Hans often said to him,"It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr Einstein．" One evening, on their way to　2． 　university，Einstein said,"I'm so tired．I wish I could avoid giving my lecture（讲座） tonight, Hans, but I don't want to make my listeners　3． 　（disappoint）．""I know what to do," said Hans．"I can give the lecture for you．You can trust　4． 　（I）．I've listened to your lecture so many times that I've learned it by heart．No one　5． 　（ know） you at this university, so they won't find out． So, they changed places．At the university, Hans was　6． 　（ lead） to the front of the hall．Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture　7． 　difficultly, and joined in the applause（掌声） at the end． However, before Hans left, a man shouted,"I'd like　8． 　（ ask ）you a question．" He then asked a question so difficult that Hans had no idea what he was talking about． Einstein turned pale．"Oh no!"he thought．" Now we're in trouble．"　9． 　Hans just laughed and said, "That's such an easy question that even my driver can answer it．Hans, please．．．Einstein stood up and answered the question　10． 　（perfect）． They left the university, with Einstein driving．A little later, Hans offered to drive．" No．laughed Einstein．"It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Hans．" Passage D Will you eat everything in your lunch box today? If not, will you save it for another time or just throw it away? A recent study ___1___ (find) that 17% of all the food ___2___ (produce) around the world gets wasted each year, ___3___ reaches about 931 million tons. Believe it ___4___ not, 61% of the waste happens in our houses! Food waste in homes ___5___ (happen) in rich countries like the US and the UK as well as in poor countries for different reasons. Cultural habits could also lead to waste at home,   ___6___ (include) massive packaging and “buy one, get one free” deals. ‘Use by’ or ‘best by’ dates   ___7___ products could also cause people to throw away food. People could throw out food because they think it is ___8___ (safe) to eat, when in fact the date only shows when quality might go down. Food was ___9___ (much) valued even in richer countries just a few generations ago, because people often couldn’t afford to waste it. ____10____ (throw) away food is for sure a great waste and we should try to make people know the importance of saving food. Passage E Valentine’s Day in China It is really difficult to know the exact time ____1____ western Valentine’s Day was introduced into China. However, western Valentine’s Day is ____2____ (wide) celebrated in urban areas where there are a lot of commercial (商业的) events, especially in big cities like Shanghai, Beijing, Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Valentine’s Day is not so popular in small cities, ___3____ (town) and the countryside. So far, Chinese people ____4____ (accept) the tradition westerners on celebrating Valentine’s Day, such as ____5____ (exchange) gifts, having a romantic dinner, watching a movie in the evening or even making a marriage registration if Valentine’s Day falls on a workday. On this day, larger amounts of chocolate will be on sale in supermarkets, ____6____ compared with the ordinary days, cinemas will be much ____7____ (busy) and the price of flowers and restaurants and hotels can be a lot higher. Many restaurants will have special menus, especially those in Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai. If you want to have a smooth ____8____ (celebrate) on Valentine’s Day, remember ____9____ (make) reservations (预定) as far in advance as you can. Chinese people have also made some changes to the western way of celebrating Valentine’s Day. For some couples, the husband may prepare a rich dinner or buy a beautiful dress _____10_____ his wife on this day to show his appreciation. Passage F Nowadays, our classrooms, neighborhoods and communities become 1 (much) diverse (多样化的) than ever before. People from different 2 (country) and cultures continue to spread out around the world. Different skin colors, languages, physical abilities and clothing 3 (be) some of the types of diversity that we experience every day. How we respond to this diversity will decide not only our future as a person but also our future as a society. As Maya Angelou said, “In diversity there is beauty and 4 (strong).” Tolerance (宽容) means being open to the differences that exist among 5 (we) all. It means respecting and learning from others, valuing our differences and discovering what we have 6 common. The opposite of tolerance is closed-mindedness. Arguments, fights and wars 7 (cause) by closed-mindedness from time to time. In contrast, humans 8 are open to differences will create a more peaceful world and have better opportunities in life whether through education, work or friendships. So having tolerance will change our life for the better, and make the world 9 better place. Difference is of the spirit of humans and we should learn 10 (respect) it. Passage G Many students think the beginning of senior high school may be a little confusing. Adam is one of them. He is 1 freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a little bit 2 (challenge) for him. First, although he was curious about all the 3 (course) in senior high school, he didn’t know which to choose. After talking with the school adviser, he was recommended 4 (choose) Chinese, and he hopes to speak it 5 (fluent) when he graduates. He also chose 6 (advance) literature for he likes English literature. He 7 (try) out for the school football team but he didn’t make the team. Finally he joined a 8 (suit) one—a volunteer club. He works at some soup kitchens 9 hand out food to homeless people in the community. As a senior high school student, Adam has to study harder. It’s difficult for him to get used 10 all the homework, but he will try to keep up with his fellow classmates and try to be well prepared for university life. Passage H The use of chopsticks has been 1 big part of Chinese food culture for centuries. When cooking food or picking it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use. So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that Dayu, a legendary ruler of ancient China 2 helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people 3 (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy preparing for flood control work and often had his meals in the wild. Mostly, he hurried to deal 4 unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat 5 (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs(细枝) 6 (help) him hold the meat. Later, the twigs 7 (gradual) became the chopsticks we know today. But of course, this is just a story. The 8 (early) chopsticks archaeologists(考古学家) have found so far are more than 3,000 years, 9 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks were found in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological 10 (site) in Anyang, Henan Province. Passage I Dubbed “rocket boy”, Yan Hongsen, 1 primary school student from Shaoxing,Zhejiang province, 2 (invite) to teach his whole school about space science at the opening ceremony of the new school term. The 9-year-old boy 3 won national fame after 4 (point) out factual errors in a planetarium documentary(天文馆纪录片)is now giving astronomy lessons to his schoolmates. Yan 5 (be) a space science fan since he was just 4 years old and makes cardboard rocket models and teaches online classes to other 6 (love).He became 7 (interest) in space science, then fell in love with astronomy and military affairs. After the short video about him was 8 wide)spread,this smart boy is well known all over China. Many schools including his own invited him to give lessons. His 9 pride) father posted the boy’s “job offer”when Yan was made “Aerospace Junior Lecturer” by his school who sets an example 10 all the teenagers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题集训04 语法填空集训 Passage A Jiang Shumei, born in 1937, spent most of her time working in a factory. In 1996, she learned her 　1． 　 （one）Chinese character（汉字）. Sixteen years later, she started to write down some of her own 　2． 　 （story）. It was not easy. Sometimes, completing a single sentence could take a day. She 　3． 　 （usual）started at 3 or 4 a. m., and revised（修改）the pieces several times until she was 　4． 　 （satisfy）. In 2013, her book, Time of Trouble, Time of Poverty, was published and proved to be 　5． 　 success. The book earned Jiang a lot of fans and sympathy（同情）. "Don't feel sorry for me," she says to her fans, "The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past. 　6． 　 them, I could never have finished this book." So far, the elderly woman 　7． 　 （publish）six books, totaling more than 600,000 characters in length. "It's never too late. I enjoy 　8． 　 （I）when writing," Jiang says. She lives a healthy life, exercising every day 　9． 　 eating a balanced diet. "If I could live as long as 130, would you still say that it is too late for me 　10． 　 （start）after 60?" she says jokingly. 【答案】 1．first；2．stories；3．usually；4．satisfied；5．a；6．Without；7．has published；8．myself；9．and；10．to start 【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要是讲述了Jiang Shumei一直坚持学习的故事，告诉我们：活到老，学到老。 1．句意：1996年，她学会了第一个汉字。one，一，基数词。根据语境"she learned her...Chinese character (汉字)."可知，此处表示"第一个"汉字。第一，序数词，first，符合语境，故答案为first。 2．句意：16年后，她开始写下自己的一些故事。story，故事，可数名词。根据语境"some of...一些"，可知，此处名词应用复数形式。故答案为stories。 3．句意：她通常在凌晨3、4点开始，把作品修改几次，直到满意为止。usual，通常的，形容词。根据句子结构分析，此处应是修饰动词started，需用副词。usual的副词为usually，修饰动词。故答案为usually。 4．句意：她通常在凌晨3、4点开始，把作品修改几次，直到满意为止。satisfy，令人满意，动词。根据语境"...until she was..."可知，此处位于be动词was之后，应用形容词作表语。satisfy的形容词形式为satisfied（满意的），故答案为satisfied。 5．句意：2013年，她的书《混乱的时代，贫穷的时代》出版并取得了成功。根据语境"...was published and proved to be...success."可知，此处指的是一个成功。success为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故答案为a。 6．句意：没有他们，我不可能完成这本书。根据语境"...them, I could never have finished this book."可知，此处表示"没有"。没有，without，介词，符合语境，句首单词首字母大写，故答案为Without。 7．句意：到目前为止，这位老妇人已经出版了六本书，总长度超过60万字。publish，出版，动词。根据时间状语"so far到目前为止"可知，此处应用现在完成时结构，即：have/has+动词过去分词。此处主语是woman，可数名词单数，助动词用has。故答案为has published。 8．句意：永远不会太迟。我喜欢写作。I，我，人称代词主格。根据语境"I enjoy...when writing"可知，此处应是"enjoy oneself，喜欢做某事，固定搭配"，此处应用反身代词。故答案为myself。 9．句意：她过着健康的生活，每天锻炼，饮食均衡。根据语境"She lives a healthy life, exercising every day...eating a balanced diet."可知，此处应是两个动词并列，为并列关系，用and连接，故答案为and。 10．句意：如果我能活到130岁，你还会说我60岁以后再开始太迟吗?start，开始，动词。根据语境"it is too late for me..."可知，此处应是"it's+adj+for sb. to do sth，对某人来说做某事是怎样的，固定搭配"。动词应用不定式，故答案为：to start。 Passage B The oil-paper umbrella has a history of over 1,000 years in China. There are different 　1． 　 (story) about the invention of the umbrella in China. The most popular one has something to do with Lu Ban. It's said that once he and his wife visited the West Lake. It started raining suddenly. His wife said, "Let's have 　2． 　 competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up 　3． 　 a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner." Lu Ban 　4． 　 (think) it was easy. He collected some tools and materials. Then he spent the whole night 　5． 　 (build) pavilions (亭子) around the lake. He was quite proud of his work. The next morning, 　6． 　 Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud, his wife held something unusual in her hand. It could be opened into a round shape. Lu Ban was 　7． 　 (surprise). He found that the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed 　8． 　 (easy). It was light, beautiful and easy to carry. Lu Ban said, "You win. Your invention can protect us from rain better." So the umbrella 　9． 　 (invent). Later, people began to use paper, which was 　10． 　 (cheap) than silk. To make the umbrella water-proof, people brushed a kind of oil on the surface. So the oil-paper umbrella appeared. 1．stories；2．a；3．with；4．thought；5．building；6．when；7．surprised；8．easily；9．was invented；10．cheaper 【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了油纸伞的发明历史。 1．句意：关于中国发明雨伞，有不同的故事。story，故事，名词。根据原文中There are，可知此处是复数名词。故答案为stories。 2．句意:我们来进行一场比赛吧。根据原文competition是单数可数名词，且是以辅音音素开头的单词，可知此处是表示一个的不定冠词a。故答案为a。 3．句意：明天日出之前，谁能即使在雨天也能想出一个游览西湖的好方法，谁就是赢家。根据原句中comes up，可知此处是固定词组comes up with，意为"想出（主意）"。故答案为with。 4．句意：鲁班认为这很简单。think，想，认为，动词。根据本段中started，said,collected，结合这是描述油纸伞的故事，可知是一般过去时。故答案为thought。 5．句意：于是他花了一整夜的时间在湖的周围建造亭子。build，建造，动词。分析句子成分，可知谓语动词是spent，后接动词时要接其ing形式。故答案为building。 6．句意：第二天早上，当鲁班谈起自己的成就，感到自豪的时候，他的妻子手里拿着一个不寻常的东西。分析句子结构可知本句有两个主谓结构，可推知此处是连词。分析句意Lu Ban talked about及his wife held something，可知两个动作同时发生，可知此处是when引导的时间状语从句。故答案为when。 7．句意：鲁班很吃惊。surprise，惊喜，名词。根据句中was，可知此处是形容词，且主语是Lu Ban，指人，可知此处是ed结尾的形容词作表语修饰人。故答案为surprised。 8．句意：他发现这个由丝绸和竹子制成的物体可以轻松打开和关闭。easy，容易的，形容词。根据原句the object, made of silk and bamboo, could be opened and closed，句意完整不缺成分，可知此处是副词修饰动词be opened and closed。故答案为easily。 9．句意：于是伞被发明了。invent，发明，动词。分析句子成分可知空格处是本句谓语动词，且主语是umbrella，与谓语动词是逻辑上的动宾关系。可知此处是被动语态。结合文章背景，是过去发生的事情，可知此处是一般过去时的被动语态。故答案为was invented。 10．句意：后来，人们开始使用纸张，纸张比丝绸便宜。cheap，便宜的，形容词。根据原句than，可知此处是比较级。故答案为cheaper。 Passage C Albert Einstein is a genius（天才）．This story about him shows that he's also humorous．Einstein often received　1． 　（ invite） to explain his ideas at different universities．On these trips, his driver Hans often said to him,"It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Dr Einstein．" One evening, on their way to　2． 　university，Einstein said,"I'm so tired．I wish I could avoid giving my lecture（讲座） tonight, Hans, but I don't want to make my listeners　3． 　（disappoint）．""I know what to do," said Hans．"I can give the lecture for you．You can trust　4． 　（I）．I've listened to your lecture so many times that I've learned it by heart．No one　5． 　（ know） you at this university, so they won't find out． So, they changed places．At the university, Hans was　6． 　（ lead） to the front of the hall．Einstein took a seat, listened to Hans give his lecture　7． 　difficultly, and joined in the applause（掌声） at the end． However, before Hans left, a man shouted,"I'd like　8． 　（ ask ）you a question．" He then asked a question so difficult that Hans had no idea what he was talking about． Einstein turned pale．"Oh no!"he thought．" Now we're in trouble．"　9． 　Hans just laughed and said, "That's such an easy question that even my driver can answer it．Hans, please．．．Einstein stood up and answered the question　10． 　（perfect）． They left the university, with Einstein driving．A little later, Hans offered to drive．" No．laughed Einstein．"It's a pleasure to drive a genius like you, Hans．" 1．invitations；2．a；3．disappointed；4．me；5．knows；6．led；7．without；8．to ask；9．But；10．perfectly 这篇文章讲述了爱因斯坦和他的司机汉斯互换身份，由汉斯代替爱因斯坦在大学演讲，结果遇到难题时爱因斯坦巧妙解围的幽默故事。 1．句意：爱因斯坦经常收到邀请，在不同的大学去解释他的想法。invite邀请，动词。receive是动词，receive sth.收到某物，所以此处可以使用名词；invite的名词形式为invitation，意为"邀请"，由于句中有often，所以此处使用invitation的复数形式，表示"经常收到邀请"。故填invitations。 2．句意：一天晚上，在去一所大学的路上，爱因斯坦说："我好累，汉斯，我真希望今晚不用演讲，但我不想让我的听众失望"。university是可数名词单数形式，首字母为辅音音素，所以此处使用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。 3．句意：一天晚上，在去一所大学的路上，爱因斯坦说："我好累，汉斯，我真希望今晚不用上课，但我不想让我的听众失望"。disappoint使失望，动词。根据句中"make my listeners"可知，此处是make sb. adj.，表示"使某人……"；disappoint的形容词形式为disappointed，意为"失望的"，disappointed作my listeners的宾语补足语。故填disappointed。 4．句意：你可以信任我。I我，主格。trust是动词，其后接人称代词时，人称代词使用宾格；I的宾格形式为me，意为"我"。故填me。 5．句意：在这所大学没有人认识你，所以他们不会发现的。know知道，动词。主语No one是第三人称单数形式，其后动词应使用第三人称单数形式；know的第三人称单数形式为knows。故填knows。 6．句意：在大学里，汉斯被带到大厅前面。lead带领，动词。根据句中was可知，此处应使用被动语态，表示"汉斯被带到大厅前面"，被动语态结构为be done，动词lead的过去分词为led。故填led。 7．句意：爱因斯坦坐了下来，听了汉斯毫不费力地做了演讲，最后也跟着鼓起掌来。根据上文中"I've listened to your lecture so many times that I've learned it by heart."可知，汉斯听爱因斯坦的演讲听了许多次，以至于都能熟记于心，所以汉斯做演讲没有困难；句中Hans是主语，give是谓语，his lecture是宾语，句式结构完整，所以此处使用介词；without是介词，意为"没有"。故填without。 8．句意：我想要问你一个问题。ask询问，动词。根据句中"I'd like"可知，此处是would like to do sth.想要做某事，所以此处使用动词不定式。故填to ask。 9．句意：但是汉斯只是笑着说："这个问题很简单，连我的司机都能回答，汉斯，请……"。根据上文中"Now we're in trouble."和句中"Hans just laughed"可知，爱因斯坦认为现在有麻烦了，但是汉斯只是一笑，所以前后是转折关系；but是表示转折的连词，意为"但是"，用在此处符合题意。故填But。 10．句意：爱因斯坦站了起来并且完美地回答了这个问题。perfect完美的，形容词。句中answered是动词，所以此处使用副词对其进行修饰；perfect是形容词，其副词形式为perfectly，意为"完美地"。故填perfectly。 Passage D Will you eat everything in your lunch box today? If not, will you save it for another time or just throw it away? A recent study ___1___ (find) that 17% of all the food ___2___ (produce) around the world gets wasted each year, ___3___ reaches about 931 million tons. Believe it ___4___ not, 61% of the waste happens in our houses! Food waste in homes ___5___ (happen) in rich countries like the US and the UK as well as in poor countries for different reasons. Cultural habits could also lead to waste at home,   ___6___ (include) massive packaging and “buy one, get one free” deals. ‘Use by’ or ‘best by’ dates   ___7___ products could also cause people to throw away food. People could throw out food because they think it is ___8___ (safe) to eat, when in fact the date only shows when quality might go down. Food was ___9___ (much) valued even in richer countries just a few generations ago, because people often couldn’t afford to waste it. ____10____ (throw) away food is for sure a great waste and we should try to make people know the importance of saving food. 【答案】 1．Hasfound 2．Produced 3．which 4．or 5．happens 6．including 7．On 8．unsafe 9．More 10．Throwing 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前世界上存在的食物浪费现象，作者认为人们应该知道节约食物的重要性。 1．考查动词时态。句意：最近的一项研究发现，全世界每年生产的食物中有17%被浪费，这一数字达到了9.31亿吨。根据句意及recent study可知，此处强调最近研究发现的结果，应用现在完成时。故填has found。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：最近的一项研究发现，全世界每年生产的食物中有17%被浪费，这一数字达到了9.31亿吨。此处修饰food，与food是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作定语，表被动。故填produced。 3．考查定语从句。句意：最近的一项研究发现，全世界每年生产的食物中有17%被浪费，这一数字达到了9.31亿吨。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是17%，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查连词。句意：信不信由你，61%的垃圾发生在我们的房子里！固定句型Believe it or not“信不信由你”。故填or。 5．考查动词时态。句意：家庭浪费发生在美国、英国等富裕国家，也发生在贫穷国家，原因各不相同。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，Food waste in homes是抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。故填happens。 6．考查介词。句意：文化习惯也可能导致家里的浪费，包括大量包装和“买一送一”的交易。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词including“包括”。故填including。 7．考查介词。句意：产品上的“截止食用日期”或“最佳食用日期”也可能导致人们扔掉食物。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用介词on“在……上”，指“产品上的”。故填on。 8．考查形容词。句意：人们可以扔掉食物，因为他们认为吃起来不安全，而实际上日期只显示质量可能下降。根据“People could throw out food”及常识可知，人们认为一些食物吃起来已经不安全了，所以才会扔掉，应用形容词unsafe，作表语。故填unsafe。 9．考查比较级。句意：就在几代人之前，即使在富裕国家，食物也更有价值，因为人们往往无法承受浪费食物的代价。根据“because people often couldn’t afford to waste it”可知，以前食物更有价值，应用more，与valued构成比较级。故填more。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：扔掉食物肯定是一种巨大的浪费，我们应该努力让人们知道节约食物的重要性。此处作主语，应用动名词。故填Throwing。 Passage E Valentine’s Day in China It is really difficult to know the exact time ____1____ western Valentine’s Day was introduced into China. However, western Valentine’s Day is ____2____ (wide) celebrated in urban areas where there are a lot of commercial (商业的) events, especially in big cities like Shanghai, Beijing, Hong Kong and Guangzhou. Valentine’s Day is not so popular in small cities, ___3____ (town) and the countryside. So far, Chinese people ____4____ (accept) the tradition westerners on celebrating Valentine’s Day, such as ____5____ (exchange) gifts, having a romantic dinner, watching a movie in the evening or even making a marriage registration if Valentine’s Day falls on a workday. On this day, larger amounts of chocolate will be on sale in supermarkets, ____6____ compared with the ordinary days, cinemas will be much ____7____ (busy) and the price of flowers and restaurants and hotels can be a lot higher. Many restaurants will have special menus, especially those in Hong Kong, Beijing and Shanghai. If you want to have a smooth ____8____ (celebrate) on Valentine’s Day, remember ____9____ (make) reservations (预定) as far in advance as you can. Chinese people have also made some changes to the western way of celebrating Valentine’s Day. For some couples, the husband may prepare a rich dinner or buy a beautiful dress _____10_____ his wife on this day to show his appreciation. 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西方的情人节在中国的流行情况以及一些情人节的庆祝活动。 1.考查定语从句。句意：很难知道西方情人节是什么时候传入中国的。此处为定语从句修饰先行词time，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。故填when。 2.考查副词。句意：然而，西方情人节在城市地区被广泛庆祝，那里有很多商业活动，尤其是在像上海、北京、香港和广州这样的大城市。修饰后文动词celebrate应用副词widely，作状语，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。 3.考查名词的数。句意：情人节在小城市、城镇和农村并不那么流行。town为可数名词，根据上文cities可知应用复数形式。故填towns。 4.考查时态。句意：到目前为止，中国人已经接受了西方人庆祝情人节的传统，比如交换礼物、吃一顿浪漫的晚餐、晚上看一场电影，甚至如果情人节赶上了工作日，还会去登记结婚。根据上文so far可知应用现在完成时，主语为people，助动词用have。故填have accepted。 5.考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，中国人已经接受了西方人庆祝情人节的传统，比如交换礼物、吃一顿浪漫的晚餐、晚上看一场电影，甚至如果情人节赶上了工作日，还会去登记结婚。此处作介词的宾语，exchange应用动名词形式。故填exchanging。 6.考查连词。句意：这一天，超市会有大量的巧克力出售，并且与平时相比，电影院会更加繁忙，鲜花和餐厅酒店的价格会高很多。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 7.考查比较级。句意：这一天，超市会有大量的巧克力出售，并且与平时相比，电影院会更加繁忙，鲜花和餐厅酒店的价格会高很多。much修饰比较级，表示“更忙的”应用busier。故填busier。 8.考查名词。句意：如果你想在情人节有一个顺利的庆祝活动，记得尽可能提前预订。作宾语，表示“庆祝活动”应用名词celebration，不定冠词提示用单数。故填celebration。 9.考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你想在情人节有一个顺利的庆祝活动，记得尽可能提前预订。结合句意表示“记得要做某事”可知短语为remember to do sth.。故填to make。 10.考查介词。句意：对一些夫妇来说，丈夫可能会在这一天为妻子准备一顿丰盛的晚餐或买一件漂亮的衣服来表达他的感激之情。结合句意表示“为某人准备……”短语为prepare sth. for sb.。故填for。 Passage F Nowadays, our classrooms, neighborhoods and communities become 1 (much) diverse (多样化的) than ever before. People from different 2 (country) and cultures continue to spread out around the world. Different skin colors, languages, physical abilities and clothing 3 (be) some of the types of diversity that we experience every day. How we respond to this diversity will decide not only our future as a person but also our future as a society. As Maya Angelou said, “In diversity there is beauty and 4 (strong).” Tolerance (宽容) means being open to the differences that exist among 5 (we) all. It means respecting and learning from others, valuing our differences and discovering what we have 6 common. The opposite of tolerance is closed-mindedness. Arguments, fights and wars 7 (cause) by closed-mindedness from time to time. In contrast, humans 8 are open to differences will create a more peaceful world and have better opportunities in life whether through education, work or friendships. So having tolerance will change our life for the better, and make the world 9 better place. Difference is of the spirit of humans and we should learn 10 (respect) it. 1．more 2．countries 3．are 4．strength 5．us 6．in 7．are caused 8．who/that 9．a 10．to respect 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如今的社会更加多样化，我们应该重视差异，尊重差异，对差异持开放态度，努力创造一个和平的世界。 1．考查比较级。句意：如今，我们的教室、邻里和社区比以往任何时候都更加多样化。根据下文中的than可知，此处应该用much的比较级形式。故填more。 2．考查名词的数。句意：来自不同国家和不同文化的人继续分布在世界各地。根据上文中的different可知，此处应该用country的复数形式。故填countries。 3．考查主谓一致。句意：不同的肤色、语言、体能和服装是我们每天经历的多样性的一些类型。分析句式结构可知，该句主语是多个名词构成的，故此处谓语动词应该用复数形式。故填are。 4．考查名词。句意：正如玛雅·安杰洛所说：“在多样性中存在着美和力量。”分析句式结构可知，and在此处连接两个名词，故应该用strong的名词形式，该词作“力量”讲时不可数。故填strength。 5．考查固定搭配。句意：宽容意味着对我们所有人之间存在的差异持开放态度。介词among后接人称代词的宾格形式。故填us。 6．考查介词。句意：这意味着尊重他人，向他人学习，重视我们的差异，发现我们的共同点。此处用固定短语have...in common意为“在……有共同之处”符合语境。故填in。 7．考查时态和语态。句意：宽容的反义词是封闭思想。争论、打架和战争都是由于不时的封闭思想造成的。根据下文中的from time to time和主语和谓语之间的被动关系可知，此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态。主语Arguments, fights and wars 是复数，谓语动词用are。故填are caused。 8．考查定语从句。句意：相比之下，对差异持开放态度的人将创造一个更和平的世界，并在教育、工作或友谊方面拥有更好的生活机会。分析句式结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为humans的定语从句，先行词指人且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who/that来引导定语从句。故填who/that。 9．考查冠词。句意：所以拥有宽容会让我们的生活变得更好，让世界变得更美好。place“地方”为可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，better的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：差异是人类的精神，我们应该学会尊重它。learn作及物动词时，其后可接动词不定式作宾语，构成固定搭配learn to do sth.。故填to respect。 Passage G Many students think the beginning of senior high school may be a little confusing. Adam is one of them. He is 1 freshman at senior high school. Going from junior high school to senior high school is a little bit 2 (challenge) for him. First, although he was curious about all the 3 (course) in senior high school, he didn’t know which to choose. After talking with the school adviser, he was recommended 4 (choose) Chinese, and he hopes to speak it 5 (fluent) when he graduates. He also chose 6 (advance) literature for he likes English literature. He 7 (try) out for the school football team but he didn’t make the team. Finally he joined a 8 (suit) one—a volunteer club. He works at some soup kitchens 9 hand out food to homeless people in the community. As a senior high school student, Adam has to study harder. It’s difficult for him to get used 10 all the homework, but he will try to keep up with his fellow classmates and try to be well prepared for university life. 1．a 2．challenging 3．courses 4．to choose 5．fluently 6．advanced 7．tried 8．suitable 9．that 10．to 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是高一新生亚当开学第一周的情况，从初中到高中对他来说是一个很大的挑战，虽然适应起来有困难，但他仍然会努力学习，为将来上大学或做其他事情做好准备。 1．考查冠词。句意：他是一名高一新生。freshman表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，freshman是辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a，故填a。 2．考查形容词。句意：从初中到高中对他来说有点具有挑战性。空格处用形容词作表语，challenge的形容词是challenging，意为“有挑战性的”，故填challenging。 3．考查名词复数。句意：首先，虽然他对高中的所有课程都很好奇，但他不知道该选哪一门。由all the可知，课程不止一门，因此空格处用复数，故填courses。 4．考查不定式。句意：经过与学校导师的沟通，他被建议选择中文，他希望毕业时能说一口流利的中文。sb. be recommended to do是固定短语，意为“某人被推荐（建议）做某事”，因此空格处用不定式to choose，故填to choose。 5．考查副词。句意：经过与学校导师的沟通，他被推荐选择中文，他希望毕业时能说一口流利的中文。空格处用副词fluently修饰动词speak，fluently意为“流利地”，故填fluently。 6．考查形容词。句意：他还选择了高级文学，因为他喜欢英国文学。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词literature，advance的形容词是advanced，advanced literature意为“高级文学”，故填advanced。 7．考查时态。句意：他参加校足球队的选拔，但没有入选。but前后时态一致，由didn’t可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填tried。 8．考查形容词。句意：最后他加入了一个适合自己的俱乐部——志愿者俱乐部。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰one，suit的形容词是suitable，意为“合适的”，故填suitable。 9．考查定语从句。句意：他在一些施粥所工作，那里向社区里无家可归的人分发食物。分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词soup kitchens是物，被some 修饰，关系代词用that，故填that。 10．考查固定短语。句意：对他来说，习惯所有的家庭作业是很困难的，但他会努力跟上他的同学，努力为大学生活做好准备。get used to是固定短语，意为“习惯于”，因此空格处是介词to，故填to。 Passage H The use of chopsticks has been 1 big part of Chinese food culture for centuries. When cooking food or picking it up, a pair of chopsticks always comes for use. So how did chopsticks come into being? It’s said that Dayu, a legendary ruler of ancient China 2 helped his people fight floods, invented them. In those days, people 3 (eat) only with their hands. But Dayu was busy preparing for flood control work and often had his meals in the wild. Mostly, he hurried to deal 4 unexpected accidents and didn’t want to wait to eat. The meat 5 (cook) in the pot was too hot to pick up with his hands. So one day Dayu picked up some twigs(细枝) 6 (help) him hold the meat. Later, the twigs 7 (gradual) became the chopsticks we know today. But of course, this is just a story. The 8 (early) chopsticks archaeologists(考古学家) have found so far are more than 3,000 years, 9 (date) back to the Shang Dynasty. The six bronze chopsticks were found in Yinxu, one of China’s oldest archaeological 10 (site) in Anyang, Henan Province. 1．a 2．who/that 3．ate 4．with 5．cooked 6．to help 7．gradually 8．earliest 9．dating 10．sites 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。文章主要介绍了筷子的发明过程，以及迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商朝。 1．考查冠词。句意：几个世纪以来，使用筷子一直是中国饮食文化的重要组成部分。根据句意表示“……重要的一部分”短语为be a big part of。part为可数名词，big首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。 2．考查定语从句。句意：据说，大禹是中国古代的一位传说中的统治者，他帮助他的人民抗击洪水。此处为限制性定语从句修饰先行词ruler，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在那些日子里，人们只能用手吃饭。根据上文In those days可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填ate。 4．考查介词。句意：大多数情况下，他匆忙应对意外事故，不想等着吃饭。短语deal with表示“应对”。故填with。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：锅里煮的肉太烫了，他用手抓不起来。分析句子结构可知cook在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语meat构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填cooked。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：于是有一天，大禹拿起一些树枝来帮他夹肉。分析句子结构可知help在句中应用非谓语动词形式，本句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to help。 7．考查副词。句意：后来，细枝逐渐成为我们今天所知道的筷子。修饰后文动词become应用副词gradually，作状语。故填gradually。 8．考查最高级。句意：迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子已有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商代。表示“最早的”应用最高级。故填earliest。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，考古学家发现的最早的筷子已有3000多年的历史，可以追溯到商代。分析句子结构可知date back to与逻辑主语构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填dating。 10．考查名词的数。句意：这六只青铜筷子是在河南安阳的中国最古老的考古遗址之一殷墟发现的。site为可数名词，此处为one of+可数名词复数。故填sites。 Passage I Dubbed “rocket boy”, Yan Hongsen, 1 primary school student from Shaoxing,Zhejiang province, 2 (invite) to teach his whole school about space science at the opening ceremony of the new school term. The 9-year-old boy 3 won national fame after 4 (point) out factual errors in a planetarium documentary(天文馆纪录片)is now giving astronomy lessons to his schoolmates. Yan 5 (be) a space science fan since he was just 4 years old and makes cardboard rocket models and teaches online classes to other 6 (love).He became 7 (interest) in space science, then fell in love with astronomy and military affairs. After the short video about him was 8 wide)spread,this smart boy is well known all over China. Many schools including his own invited him to give lessons. His 9 pride) father posted the boy’s “job offer”when Yan was made “Aerospace Junior Lecturer” by his school who sets an example 10 all the teenagers. 【答案速查】 1．a ．was invited 3．who/that 4．pointing 5．has been 6．lovers 7．interested 8．widely 9．proud 10．for/to 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“火箭男孩”--严洪森。 1．考查冠词。句意：被称为“火箭男孩”的严洪森是浙江绍兴的一名小学生，他被邀请在新学期开学典礼上给全校讲授太空科学。设空处后为名词单数student，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，空后形容词为辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作谓语和句子的主语Yan Hongsen之间为被动关系，叙述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语Yan Hongsen是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填was invited。 3．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这名9岁的男孩因在天文馆纪录片中指出事实错误而闻名全国，现在他正在给同学们上天文学课。设空处引导定语从句且在句中作指人的主语，先行词为boy。故填who/that。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，空前为介词after，设空处应用动名词的形式作宾语。故填pointing。 5．考查动词的时态。句意：严洪森从4岁起就是一名太空科学迷，他制作纸板火箭模型，并在网上给其他爱好者教授课程。设空处在句中作谓语，根据时间状语“since he was just 4 years old(从他4岁起)”，可知句子时态为现在完成时，且主语Yan是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填has been。 6．考查名词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词的形式，根据空前的形容词other(别的，其他的)，可知设空处应用名词的复数形式。故填lovers。 7．考查形容词。句意：他开始对太空科学感兴趣，然后又爱上了天文学和军事。设空处在句中作表语，应用形容词的形式；主语为he，表示人“对……感兴趣”，应用动词的过去分词的形式的形容词作表语。故填interested 8．考查副词。句意：在关于他的短视频被广泛传播后，这个聪明的男孩在全中国都很有名。设空处后为动词，设空处应用副词的形式修饰动词。故填widely。 9．考查形容词。句意：当严洪森被学校选为“航空航天初级讲师”时，他自豪的父亲把他的“工作邀请”贴在网上，为所有青少年树立了榜样。设空处后为名词，设空处应用形容词的形式修饰名词。故填proud。 10．考查介词。句意见上题解析。固定短语set an example to/for为……树立榜样。故填for或者to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$