高效作业15 单元小测-【精彩三年】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册课程探究与巩固教师用书配套word（人教版）

高效作业15 　单元小测(见学生用书P165) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The snow had melted ，but the lake was still frozen solid. 2．As the proverb goes, “Honesty is the best policy .” 3．We are close friends, but we can’t see each other frequently ， for we live and work in different cities. 4．Without water, we would not be able to grow food to sustain life. 5．A drum usually gives much more volume than a violin or a guitar. 6．The subject of safety needs to be placed high on the agenda (议程表). 7．In the jungle (丛林), there is a wide range of plants and animals. 8．Today the police launched a campaign (运动) to reduce road accidents. 9．Some children will undergo (经历) a complete transformation when they become teenagers. 10．The government brought in more investment; as a result, the number of commercial and industrial enterprises (企业) rose rapidly. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Look and listen! Peace talks are being broadcast (broadcast) on TV. 2． Ecologists (ecology) argue that it is not a proper way to treat waste water with this medical method. 3．Making the Earth habitable (habitat) was a major undertaking for us humans. 4．It is a harmonious (harmony) community where people are happy and friendly. 5．A series of political and economic reforms (reform) will be discussed and carried out in the near future. 6．All the proposals submitted (submit) to the committee will be discussed at the meeting. 7．Humour is considered as a wonderful way of releasing (release) tension. 8．Those findings suggest that the caloric restriction (restrict) delays ageing and increases longevity in humans. 9．They will also provide new research methods so as to assist in the conservation (conserve) of biodiversity. 10．Eating in moderation (moderate) is the key. Overeating and overdrinking does no good to health. Ⅲ.选词填空 result in；on behalf of; be sensitive to; starve to death; in chaos; amounts of; be trapped in; refer to; pay a high price for; set up 1．Please allow me to thank you for your help on behalf of my colleagues. 2．The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels. 3．She was trapped in the burning house and couldn’t escape. 4．The local government set up strict regulations regarding future industrial development last year. 5．He would rather starve to death than beg for his life. 6．I give you my word that I won’t refer to the matter again. 7．Fifty percent of road accidents result in head injuries. 8．Ever since our headteacher left，the classroom has been in chaos ． 9．Her reply showed that she was sensitive to criticism. 10．The local authorities are taking severe measures to reduce pollution, or we will pay a high price for it in the future. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．毫无疑问，财富在一定程度上使人更幸福，尤其是在现代社会。 There is no doubt that wealth, to some extent, makes people much happier, especially in the modern society. 2．随着冰盖融化和海平面上升，北极熊越来越难找到足够的食物。 With the ice sheets melting and the sea level rising ， it is more and more difficult for polar bears to find enough food. 3．老工人对青年工人不仅言传而且身教。 The old workers instruct the young workers not only in words but also in deeds ． 4．这条鲨鱼不能再游泳了，它要么饿死，要么被其他鱼活活吃掉。(starve) This shark is not able to swim any longer and it either starves to death or is eaten alive by other fish. 5．世界各国政府正在共同制定政策，采取适当的措施来减少温室气体的排放。 Governments around the world are putting their heads together in making policies, taking appropriate measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. [话题语篇提升] Ⅴ.阅读理解 Kenya’s tree planting plan turns out to be of great benefit to both the environment and the Kenyans. Launched in 2016 by Elizabeth Wathuti when she was twenty­one years old, the Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to deal with deforestation(滥伐森林) and climate change in the East African nation. The initiative’s primary focus is on addressing food insecurity in the region through planting fruit trees, as well as developing young climate activists through environmental education in schools. Since its foundation, over 30，000 trees have been planted in Kenya, while thousands of schoolchildren have not only planted trees but also adopted them to ensure that young people learn the importance of acting as a guardian over the health of the environment. The trees have recorded a survival rate of over 98 percent, as they remain tended to from young trees to maturity. Speaking to world leaders at the United Nations Climate Conference in Glasgow(COP26), Elizabeth issued a serious warning on the threat of climate change. Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate­related hunger now. In 2025, half of the world’s population will be facing water shortage. The climate crisis will displace 80 million people in sub­Saharan Africa alone. Elizabeth said, “Environment is the foundation of development, and it can no longer continue being taken for granted. I have been doing what I can. Inspired by the great Wangari Maathai, I founded a tree growing initiative that enhances food security for young Kenyans.” So far, they have grown 30，000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children. “Every day we see that when we look after the trees, they look after us. We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water，” she added. (　D　)1．What is the Green Generation Initiative intended for? A．Raising money. B．Making policies. C．Educating the adults. D．Fighting climate change. (　A　)2．What has been achieved since 2016? A．Green awareness has been raised. B．3，000 trees have been planted. C．80 million people have been saved. D．School education has been guaranteed. (　C　)3．Kenyans are encountering at present. A．sickness B．water shortage C．starvation D．economic crisis (　B　)4．Which of the following can best describe Elizabeth Wathuti? A．Honest and determined. B．Considerate and responsible. C．Friendly and optimistic. D．Cooperative and humorous. 【语篇解读】本文讲述了Elizabeth Wathuti为保护环境，与气候变化作斗争的故事。 1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Launched in 2016 by Elizabeth Wathuti when she was twenty­one years old, the Green Generation Initiative is a Kenyan charity that has been planting trees to deal with deforestation(滥伐森林) and climate change in the East African nation.”可知，这个倡议的目的是与气候变化和滥伐森林作斗争。故选D。 2．A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Since its foundation, over 30，000 trees have been planted in Kenya, while thousands of schoolchildren have not only planted trees but also adopted them to ensure that young people learn the importance of acting as a guardian over the health of the environment.”可知，自2016年发起该倡议以来，人们的绿色环保意识得到加强，纷纷就环保付出行动。故选A。 3．C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Over two million of Kenyans are facing climate­related hunger now.”可知，肯尼亚人现在面临的问题是饥饿。故选C。 4．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So far, they have grown 30，000 fruit trees to maturity, providing desperately needed nutrition for thousands of children.”可知，Elizabeth Wathuti懂得为环境、为他人考虑，因此她是一个体贴的人；根据最后一段最后一句“We are the adults on this Earth right now, and it is our responsibility to ensure that the children have food and water，’ she added.”可知，她是一个负责的人。故选B。 Ⅵ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Going on holiday doesn’t have to be bad for the environment, and there are still plenty of ways for you to have a much­deserved break without harming the environment. Forget planes. While most forms of transport produce carbon dioxide, planes have a massive carbon footprint because of the huge number of miles they travel. 1． F Many of us ignore the endless beautiful scenery around us. There’s the unparalleled beauty of the Mississippi River. Alternatively, you can drive your car to the Grand Canyon to see its splendor. Pack with care. 2． D All of the bottles you pack, from shampoo and conditioner to body wash and moisturizer, should be made from recycled plastic that can be repurposed again and again so no new plastic is produced.And their soap bars now also come in plastic­free packaging. 3． A Hotels can be huge producers of greenhouse gases. Think about the water that’s wasted and all the buffet food that goes uneaten. So choose an eco­friendly option instead. Camping and a homestay—where you live with a family in their own home—are two of the best options. But if you insist on staying in the hotel, pick one made from sustainable materials.4． E Buy gifts responsibly.Bringing back gifts for friends and loved ones is part of the fun of a holiday. 5． C Avoid anything plastic, or if it is plastic, make sure it is 100% recyclable, and make sure your friends will love whatever you give them so it isn’t just thrown in the bin headed for landfills. A．Think about green accommodation. B．Consider living in an eco­friendly hotel. C．But make sure you choose items carefully. D．Take environmentally­friendly beauty and bath products with you. E．It’s also acceptable to live in a hotel using new energy. F．So why not skip flying in favour of a holiday closer to home? G．So why do planes consume so much fuel compared with other transport? 【语篇解读】文章就如何在度假时更好地保护环境给出了几条建议。 1．F　空前一句“While most forms of transport produce carbon dioxide, planes have a massive carbon footprint because of the huge number of miles they travel.”说明，跟其他交通方式相比，飞机产生更多的碳足迹，空处应该承接上文，建议不乘坐飞机旅行，综合所给选项可知，F项“So why not skip flying in favour of a holiday closer to home？”与空前一句为语义上的顺承关系，关键信息为skip flying。故选F。 2．D　本段的主题句为“Pack with care.(认真打包行李。)”。根据空后的“All of the bottles you take, from shampoo and conditioner to body wash and moisturizers, should be made from recycled plastic that can be repurposed again and again so no new plastic is produced. And the soap bars now also come in plastic­free packaging.”可知，空处应该谈论的是环保产品。D项“Take environmentally­friendly beauty and bathing products with you. (随身携带环保美容和沐浴产品。)”符合语境。故选D。 3．A　空处是本段的主题句。根据空后的关键信息“Hotels”和“Camping and a homestay”可知，本段主要讲述选择一个环保的住处。根据选项可知，A 项“Think about green accommodation. (考虑环保的住处。)”能概括本段大意，符合语境。故选A。 4．E　根据上文“But if you insist on staying in the hotel, pick one made from sustainable materials.”可知，空处应承接上文说明要住在环保的酒店内， E项“It’s also acceptable to live in a hotel using new energy.(住在使用新能源的酒店里也是可以接受的。)”符合语境。故选E。 5．C　根据本段的主题句“Buy gifts responsibly.(负责地买礼物)”和空后“Avoid anything plastic, or if it is plastic, make sure it is 100% recyclable, and make sure your friends will love whatever you give them so it isn’t just thrown in the bin headed for landfills.”可知，空处谈论的是如何选择礼物。根据选项可知，C项“But make sure you choose items carefully.( 但一定要仔细挑选东西。)”符合语境。故选C。 Ⅶ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On one late­autumn day, Wang Ting, 1． a resident in the Shanxi provincial capital of Taiyuan, took his family to the Jueweishan Mountain in the city’s northwestern suburbs to take hundreds of pictures. “Autumn is usually the best season for Taiyuan，” Wang said. “But that was not necessarily true in the past for the city, 2． which was troubled by pollution from heavy industry companies.” A change for the better, not only in Taiyuan but in the entire Shanxi Province, 3． has taken (take) place over the past few years thanks to the local governments and people’s efforts in environmental protection. Statistics from the Shanxi Department of Ecology and Environment show that compared 4． with/to 65.7 percent in 2017, Shanxi had 72.1 percent of its days with an air quality reaching good and excellent levels in 2021. There is also an obvious 5． improvement (improve) in water quality across rivers and lakes. During a recent news conference, Wang Yanfeng, head of the department, said that Shanxi has been holding the idea that green mountains and clear waters are as good 6． as mountains of gold and silver 7． to achieve (achieve) a balance between the environment and social economic development over the past few years. “Our initiatives include upgrading local industries to clean production, 8． developing (develop) clean energy resources, reducing pollution and emissions, and promoting environmentally­friendly industries as new growth drivers，” Wang said. After the industrial upgrades, Shanxi, 9． traditionally (tradition) a coal­producing province, is seeing 75 percent of 10． its (it) coal output generated from advanced and clean production facilities. In the power industry, 34.3 percent of the electricity in Shanxi now comes from new and renewable energy resources, according to Wang. 【语篇解读】 由于当地政府和人民在环境保护方面作出了巨大的努力，山西的环境保护工作取得了重要成效，自然之美得以充分展示。 1．a　考查冠词。resident为可数名词，此处泛指一个居民，且resident的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 2．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the city，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语。故填which。 3．has taken　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语over the past few years可知，用现在完成时；主语为a change for the better，谓语动词用单数形式。故填has taken。 4．with/to　考查介词。compared with/to sth为固定搭配，意为“与……相比”。故填with或to。 5．improvement　考查名词。根据不定冠词an可知，空处需用名词的单数形式。故填improvement。 6．as　考查连词。本句包含“as＋adj./ adv.＋as”结构，意为“和……一样……”，此处表示“青山绿水跟金山银山一样好”。故填as。 7．to achieve　考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语。表示“在过去几年里，山西一直秉持青山绿水就是金山银山的理念，目的是实现环境与社会经济发展的平衡”。故填to achieve。 8．developing　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填develop的动名词形式，与句中的upgrading，reducing和promoting并列作include的宾语。故填developing。 9．traditionally　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填traditionally。 10．its　考查代词。名词output前应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$