Lesson 16 专题集训02 七选五集训——2024初升高英语（2020牛津译林专用）

专题集训02 七选五集训 Passage A When you learn a new subject, you may always consider how much time you need to truly understand it all. Here we give you some advice about how to study, so you'll be able to take on more information with shorter study sessions (时段)． ·Study in small sessions. Our ability to store the information we take reduces (降低) after around 30 minutes, so you'd better cut your studying sessions into smaller parts. 1 ·Find a study area. Don't study in a place where you sleep！Don't study in your bed, where you play games, or in front of the TV. Why? 2 You need to program your mind to study in a place where you always study and nowhere else. ·Take good notes. 3 And review them after class to increase your understanding. · 4 To be a good student, you should be a good teacher. You cannot teach something you do not know. ·Read your textbook effectively (有效地). Always use the SQ3R method. You need to survey, question, read, recite (背诵), review to actively remember the information. 5 A．Train your mind. B．Just reading it is not enough. C．Be ready to teach what you've learned. D．It's a good idea to study in a familiar place. E．You can do some fun activities during your breaks. F．Find a note­taking method that works best for you. G．Doing so will only mix up your mind as to what to do. Passage B Communication Tips Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents turn out for the best. Be honest. If you’re always honest, your parents will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth, parents will have a harder time to believe what you tell them. 1 Be brave and start talking. It’s easy to say “Hi, Mum” or “Dad, can you pass the potatoes?” 2   Let’s face it. You will feel embarrassed (尴尬的)when talking about something personal, but your parents know you quite well. They were your age once, too! So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you. It’s OK to go ahead and share what’s on your mind. 3 If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents’ points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too. Try not to argue. Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously. 4 What if it doesn’t work? If you still can’t talk to your parents, seek other adults’ help. 5 Then follow all the tips above to make you communicate with that person well. A．Explain your situation. B．Try to understand them. C．If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you. D．Parents are the most important people in your life. E．But it can be harder to start talking about personal topics. F．It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way. G．Find a relative or a teacher who will listen to, understand and care about you. Passage C Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult. 1 . ●Read for the main ideas Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas 2 . You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story. ● 3 . Context（上下文）refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand. Look at the example sentence: I went to the schlumping to buy some chitla for dinner. What's "schlumping"?-It must be a store because you bought something there. What's "chitla"?-It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner. ●Use your own language One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper? 4 ?How do you read train schedules? And so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues（线索）on how to read in English-even if you don't understand every single word. 5 . ●Understand different reading skills Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language: Skimming-used to understand the main idea Scanning-used to find a particular piece of information Extensive reading- used for pleasure and general understanding Intensive reading- accurate reading for detailed understanding A．Use context B．What are you doing C．Put away your pencil-boxes D．How do you read novels E．and don't look up new words F．Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills G．It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English Passage D You’re chatting with a friend and want to recommend a good book. ____1____ It feels like it’s on the tip of your tongue, but the harder you try to remember, the more you can’t. We’ve all been there, and everyone knows how hard it is to remember all of that information in your head. Luckily, there are some things you can do to improve your memory. ·Repeat important information out loud. ____2____ When you repeat something out loud, you aren’t technically memorizing it. You’re actually creating a pattern and sound that will make the information easier to remember in the future. ·____3____ Turn the TV off while you study and get off the phone while you’re driving. When you do different activities at the same time, your attention is divided, which will make it hard to process the information necessary to remember what you’re doing. ·Take notes and write things down. Taking notes will help you memorize the information, even if you never look at your notes again! ____4____ So you’re better off sticking to pen and paper if you really want to remember your friend’s birthday or an important meeting. ·Take a short walk. There’s a lot of scientific evidence that taking a walk will jog your memory. If you are trying to remember something, spend a few minutes walking around your neighborhood to see if it helps. ____5____ At best, you’ll remember the name of that life-changing book from grade school! A. Focus on one thing at a time. B. All of a sudden, you can’t remember the title! C. At worst, you’ll get some exercise and relax a little. D. Change your way of memorizing important information. E. Say that address phone number, or date over and over again. F. Remember something once makes it easier for you to remember it in the future. G. Research shows that it’s hard to achieve the same effect by typing something on your phone. Passage E We can all have a bad night of sleep and that’s perfectly normal, but how could we try to improve both the quantity and the quality of our sleep? 6 Let’s start with regularity. 7 Regularity is king, and it will actually help your sleep, no matter whether it’s the weekday or the weekend or even if you’ve had a bad night of sleep. Many of us use an alarm to wake up but very few of us use a to-bed alarm, and that’s something that can be helpful. 8 It turns out that your brain and your body need to drop their temperature by about 1℃ in order to begin sleep and then to stay asleep. And this is the reason that you will always find it easier to fall asleep in a room that’s too cold than too hot. The third tip is darkness. We need darkness specifically in the evening to produce a hormone called melatonin(褪黑素). In the last hour before bed, try to stay away from all of those computer screens and phones. 9 You’d actually be quite surprised at how sleepy that can make you feel. The final tip is to walk it out. Don’t stay in bed awake for long periods of time. And the general rule is that if you’ve woken up and you can’t get back to sleep after 25 minutes, 10 And you can go and do something else. Only return to bed when you’re sleepy. And in that way, gradually, your brain will relearn the relation that your bed is this place of sound and continuous sleep. A. Next, keep the room cool. B. Turn off the lights in your room. C. Here are four tips for better sleep. D. the recommendation is to get out of bed. E. Visit your doctor if you have a sleep problem. F. Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time. G. It doesn’t matter whether you get up or fall asleep again. Passage F Toy Story, Cars, Finding Nemo, Wall-E, Up — you have probably watched all these films. 6 Let’s go through the process of creating a cartoon film. Creating the storyboard The first step is to write down the main ideas of the story. 7 Based on the storyboard, the art department creates the first draft for the characters, their clothing and emotions, and the design sets. Making characters using 3D modelling A special computer program is used to create 3D shapes of the characters, sets and props—this is called modelling. 8 Special equipment is used to record points on these shapes. This information is then sent to a software program which recreates the 3D shape. Making them move The layout crew(摄影构图组) decide how these characters should move and then the cartoonists take over. They use 3D software to create the movements of each character, the skeleton’s (骨架) movements, facial expressions and more, between key frames(帧) in the story. 9 Dressing up for the show The sets and props are “dressed” according to the designs laid out by the art department. The skin and hair for the characters, their costumes as well as special lighting effects such as shadows, shining reflections are also created. Letting the show begin 10 The computers draw each frame one by one, with each frame slightly different from the previous one. Each frame takes 5-6 hours to create — imagine how much computing power and time it will take to create 24 frames per second of a 2-hour film! A. From that, storyboards are drawn. B. All these films have cost a large amount of money. C. Remember too, that the movements have to be smooth! D. Some of these shapes are simple, but some are very complex. E. The decorations of the sets and props are created using a software. F. Have you ever wondered how these amazing cartoon films were made? G. All the 3D characters, their movements, and lighting are to be done by computers. Passage G Many teens in high school want to try out for sports because they think it will make them popular. 6 Here are some reasons that you’ll find comforting. With electronic products becoming more popular, it has become much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used to hang out around the town; now they just sit at home. 7 In this case, they’ll learn how to interact and work as a team—something they’ll find useful later in life. 8 Playing a team sport will help your teens get some exercise to lose weight or get into shape. What’s more, these days, it’s becoming harder to show your teens that you love and support them. A great way to do this is by showing up while they are playing games. You can also help them practice, and help with team fundraising. These are also great ways to spend time with your kids and talk to them. You may say “but my teen isn’t good enough to make their school team”. 9 There are plenty of other places besides school to play team sports. You can always check out other “for-fun” clubs. You could look into sports that you may not have thought of. If you do a little research, you’re sure to find something your teen will enjoy. Sports are a great way for your teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college. 10 A. Take it easy. B. Take your chance. C. Sports help address teens’ overweight. D. Then how can you develop a hobby in having sports? E. So why not talk to them about getting into sports today? F. However, there are other benefits your teens don’t realize. G. Yet getting into a sport gives them a chance to go out and socialize. Passage H Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. ____16____ Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ____17____Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. ____18____ The following methods may work best for you. ● Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. ● Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. ● ____19____ ● Use words, not complete sentences. ● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand. When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.____20____ A. Write your notes in your own words. B. There are three practical note-taking methods. C. You must write your notes on separate paper. D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. G. Second your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Passage I How often do you have a conversation with someone, and think you are paying attention to him or her, only to realize shortly afterwards that you can't remember what he said? Or, perhaps you get distracted while he is speaking and miss the message that he is trying to deliver. ____36____: TVs, radios, traffic noises, telephones, laptops and so on, which can make it difficult to listen with our full attention. But how can we listen more effectively? ____37____. He said, “Mindfulness means paying attention in a particular way, with a purpose, at the present moment and non - judgmentally.” ____38____? Jon Kabat - Zinn describes three key elements of mindful listening that we can use to improve our listening skills. First of all, be present. When we listen mindfully, our focus should be on the person we are listening to without distractions. Then develop empathy (共鸣). We often see the world through our own experiences. When we're empathetic, we can understand a situation from someone else's point of view. ____39____. Our cues are the thoughts, feelings and physical reactions that we have when we feel anxious or angry, and they can block out ideas and perspectives that we re uncomfortable with. Mindful listening can help us to be more aware of our cues. ____40____ In conclusion, the rule is straightforward: simply “Listen”! Listen carefully and attentively. Pay full attention to the other person, and don' t let other thoughts, like what we are going to say next, distract us. A. Finally, listen to our own “cues” B. What can we do with mindful listening C. But how can we apply mindful listening to our life D. At last, “cues” helps us understand the speaker's ideas E. In today's busy world, modern life is full of distractions F. Besides, it allows us to choose not to let them block communication G. Professor Jon Kabat - Zinn put forward the idea of mindful listening Passage J Some Ways to Improve Your Study As a high school student, it is important for you to do well in study. The better ways you have, the better you will learn. But do you know how to improve your study? ___12___ ●Pay attention in class. First, don’t make any noise in class. ___13___ Last but not least, get yourself involved in classroom activities. ●___14___ If you are not sure how to take notes, start by writing down the important points that your teacher mentions or writes on the blackboard. It’s a good idea to keep your notes in order by subject. It can help you master what you have learnt. ●Go over your lessons. ___15___ By going over your lessons, you can understand and remember better. So you should review your lessons now and then after class. ●Learn from your classmates. Everyone has his own advantages. You should learn not only from your teachers but also from your classmates. You can learn in pairs or in groups to solve problems. ___16___ I’m sure you will improve your study sooner or later if you follow the ways above. A. Take good notes. B. Believe in yourself. C. Here are some ways to help you. D. It is necessary for you to go over your lessons. E. You should take part in out-of-school activities. F. Second, pay attention to what the teacher says. G. In this way, you can learn from each other and know more. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题集训02 七选五集训 Passage A When you learn a new subject, you may always consider how much time you need to truly understand it all. Here we give you some advice about how to study, so you'll be able to take on more information with shorter study sessions (时段)． ·Study in small sessions. Our ability to store the information we take reduces (降低) after around 30 minutes, so you'd better cut your studying sessions into smaller parts. 1 ·Find a study area. Don't study in a place where you sleep！Don't study in your bed, where you play games, or in front of the TV. Why? 2 You need to program your mind to study in a place where you always study and nowhere else. ·Take good notes. 3 And review them after class to increase your understanding. · 4 To be a good student, you should be a good teacher. You cannot teach something you do not know. ·Read your textbook effectively (有效地). Always use the SQ3R method. You need to survey, question, read, recite (背诵), review to actively remember the information. 5 A．Train your mind. B．Just reading it is not enough. C．Be ready to teach what you've learned. D．It's a good idea to study in a familiar place. E．You can do some fun activities during your breaks. F．Find a note­taking method that works best for you. G．Doing so will only mix up your mind as to what to do. 【答案】 1．E 2．G 3．F 4．C 5．B 【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了5种有效的学习方法。 1．根据上文“Our ability to store the information we take reduces (降低) after around 30 minutes, so you'd better cut your studying sessions into smaller parts.”（我们储存信息的能力会在30分钟后降低，因此，你最好把学习时段分成小部分。）可知，此处作者建议读者学习时间不能太长，要在中间休息来调整自己。E选项“在你休息期间，你可以做一些有趣的活动。”和上文意思一致。故选E。 2．根据上文“Don't study in your bed, where you play games, or in front of the TV. Why?”（不要在你玩游戏的床上或者电视机前学习。为什么？）可知，接下来作者为介绍为什么不可以在床上学习。G项中的“这样做会混淆你的要做什么思维”是对前文不能在床上或电视机前学习的解释。故选G。 3．根据本段小标题“Take good notes.”（记好笔记。）可知，这一段作者是要建议读者好好记笔记。F项中的“找一个好的记笔记的方法”和上文意思一致。故选F。 4．根据下文“You cannot teach something you do not know.”（你不可能教你不知道的东西。）可知，作者在这一段是说教别人之前要自己先学会。C项中的“教你已经学会的”和下文意思一致。故选C。 5．根据本段小标题“Read your textbook effectively(有效地).”（有效地阅读课本。）可知，读书时只读是不够的，还需要用方法有效率地读。B选项“仅仅读是不够的。”和上文意思一致。故选B。 Passage B Communication Tips Here are some suggestions about making your talk with your parents turn out for the best. Be honest. If you’re always honest, your parents will be likely to believe what you say. If you sometimes hide the truth, parents will have a harder time to believe what you tell them. 1 Be brave and start talking. It’s easy to say “Hi, Mum” or “Dad, can you pass the potatoes?” 2   Let’s face it. You will feel embarrassed (尴尬的)when talking about something personal, but your parents know you quite well. They were your age once, too! So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you. It’s OK to go ahead and share what’s on your mind. 3 If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents’ points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too. Try not to argue. Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously. 4 What if it doesn’t work? If you still can’t talk to your parents, seek other adults’ help. 5 Then follow all the tips above to make you communicate with that person well. A．Explain your situation. B．Try to understand them. C．If you lie, they’ll find it hard to trust you. D．Parents are the most important people in your life. E．But it can be harder to start talking about personal topics. F．It also makes it more likely that they’ll talk to you in the same way. G．Find a relative or a teacher who will listen to, understand and care about you. 这是一篇说明文。介绍了可以和父母更好沟通的几条建议。 1．本段的小标题是“Be honest (要诚实)”，所以该段重点围绕诚实这个话题。所以C选项“如果你撒谎，他们很难相信你”符合题意，选项中的“lie”呼应前文的“hide the truth”。故答案为C。 2．空后“Let’s face it. You will feel embarrassed (尴尬的)when talking about something personal, but your parents know you quite well. They were your age once, too! So don’t let a little embarrassment stop you. (我们要勇于面对它。你会感到尴尬当谈论一些私人的事情时，但你的父母很了解你。他们曾经也是你的年龄！所以不要让那一点尴尬阻止你)”强调要去和父母谈论私人话题，不要感觉尴尬，所以E选项“但开始谈论私人话题可能会更加困难”符合题意。空后的代词“it”指代选项的“ talking about personal topics”。故答案为E。 3．该空处于小标题的位置，由其它段落的标题“Be honest. (要诚实)”、“Be brave and start talking. (勇敢点，开始交流)”和“Try not to argue.(尽量不要争吵)”可知小标题是祈使句，所以答案可定位到A和B选项。该段内容“If you have a disagreement, can you consider things from your parents’ points of view? If you can, telling your parents you understand their views and feelings helps them be willing to understand yours, too. (如果你有分歧，你能从父母的角度考虑吗？如果可以的话，告诉你的父母你理解他们的观点和感受有助于他们也愿意理解你的观点)”强调要站在父母的角度，学会理解父母，所以B选项“Try to understand them. (尽量去理解他们)”可作为本段标题。故答案为B。 4．本段的小标题是“Try not to argue.(尽量不要争吵)”，所以该段重点围绕不要争吵这个话题。空前“Using a friendly and respectful tone makes your parents more likely to listen to you and take what you say seriously. (使用友好和尊重的语气会让你的父母更有可能倾听你的意见，并认真对待你所说的话)”强调对父母说话的语气要友好和尊重。F选项“这也使得他们更有可能以同样的方式与你交谈”中的 “in the same way”呼应前文的“Using a friendly and respectful tone”。故答案为F。 5．空前“If you still can’t talk to your parents, seek other adults’ help. (如果你仍然无法与父母交谈，请寻求其他成年人的帮助)”作者强调如果以上建议无效，可以寻求其他成年人的帮助，G选项“找一个会倾听、理解和关心你的亲戚或老师”中的“Find a relative or a teacher”呼应前文的“seek other adults’ help”。故答案为G。 Passage C Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult. 1 . ●Read for the main ideas Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas 2 . You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story. ● 3 . Context（上下文）refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand. Look at the example sentence: I went to the schlumping to buy some chitla for dinner. What's "schlumping"?-It must be a store because you bought something there. What's "chitla"?-It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner. ●Use your own language One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper? 4 ?How do you read train schedules? And so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues（线索）on how to read in English-even if you don't understand every single word. 5 . ●Understand different reading skills Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language: Skimming-used to understand the main idea Scanning-used to find a particular piece of information Extensive reading- used for pleasure and general understanding Intensive reading- accurate reading for detailed understanding A．Use context B．What are you doing C．Put away your pencil-boxes D．How do you read novels E．and don't look up new words F．Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills G．It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English 本文为一篇说明文，介绍了几种提高英文阅读能力的技巧。 【详解】1.根据空前句子“Reading is an important part of learning English, but many students find it difficult.（阅读是学习英语的一个重要部分，但许多学生发现它很难）”并观察下文给出的方法可知，F选项“Here are some tips that will help you improve reading by using skills（这里有一些贴士，可以帮助你使用技巧提高阅读能力）”为下文方法的总起，承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。 2.根据空前一句“Read the text for the first time, and don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas（第一次读课文，不要停下来，通过阅读理解大意）”和下文“You' ll be surprised that you can usually understand the main idea of the story.（你会惊讶于你通常能理解故事的主要意思）”可知，E选项“and don't look up new words（不要查字典）”符合语境，即我们会惊讶于即使有些单词不认识，也可以读懂大意，且呼应上文don't stop。故选E项。 3.根据下一句“Context refers to words and situations that are around a word you don't understand.（语境指的是围绕在你不理解的单词周围的单词和情景）”可知，此处给出的技巧是联系语境，A选项“Use context.（使用语境） ”作为本处小标题，符合语境。故选A项。 4.空处为问句，根据前一句“How do you read the newspaper?（你如何阅读报纸）”及后一句“How do you read train schedules?（你如何读火车时刻表）”可知，D选项“How do you read novels（你如何阅读小说）”与前后句式一致，询问如何阅读不同内容，符合语境。故选D项。 5.根据空前“even if you don't understand every single word（即使你不是每个单词都能理解）”可知，G选项“It is not always necessary to read and understand every single word in English（阅读和理解英语中的每一个单词并不总是必要的） ”符合此处语境，且“every single word”相互对应。故选G项。 Passage D You’re chatting with a friend and want to recommend a good book. ____1____ It feels like it’s on the tip of your tongue, but the harder you try to remember, the more you can’t. We’ve all been there, and everyone knows how hard it is to remember all of that information in your head. Luckily, there are some things you can do to improve your memory. ·Repeat important information out loud. ____2____ When you repeat something out loud, you aren’t technically memorizing it. You’re actually creating a pattern and sound that will make the information easier to remember in the future. ·____3____ Turn the TV off while you study and get off the phone while you’re driving. When you do different activities at the same time, your attention is divided, which will make it hard to process the information necessary to remember what you’re doing. ·Take notes and write things down. Taking notes will help you memorize the information, even if you never look at your notes again! ____4____ So you’re better off sticking to pen and paper if you really want to remember your friend’s birthday or an important meeting. ·Take a short walk. There’s a lot of scientific evidence that taking a walk will jog your memory. If you are trying to remember something, spend a few minutes walking around your neighborhood to see if it helps. ____5____ At best, you’ll remember the name of that life-changing book from grade school! A. Focus on one thing at a time. B. All of a sudden, you can’t remember the title! C. At worst, you’ll get some exercise and relax a little. D. Change your way of memorizing important information. E. Say that address phone number, or date over and over again. F. Remember something once makes it easier for you to remember it in the future. G. Research shows that it’s hard to achieve the same effect by typing something on your phone. 这是一篇说明文。文章给出了一些增强记忆力 方法。 1.上文“You’re chatting with a friend and want to recommend a good book. (你和朋友聊天，想推荐一本好书)”说明你要告诉朋友书名是什么，选项B“突然间，你记不起书名了!”承接上文，转折语义，说明你记不起书名了，引出后文“It feels like it’s on the tip of your tongue, but the harder you try to remember, the more you can’t.(感觉它就在你的舌尖上，但你越努力去想，你就越想不起来)”，描述记不起来的状况。故选B项。 2.上文“Repeat important information out loud. (大声重复重要的信息)”建议大声重复信息，选项E“一遍又一遍地说那个地址、电话号码或日期。”承接上文，具体说明重复信息的方式。故选E项。 3.下文“Turn the TV off while you study and get off the phone while you’re driving. (学习时关掉电视，开车时关掉手机)”说明做事要专心，要一心一意，选项A“一次只做一件事。”概括总结下文，是本段主旨句。故选A项。 4.上文主旨句“Take notes and write things down.(做笔记，把事情写下来)”和下文“So you’re better off sticking to pen and paper if you really want to remember your friend’s birthday or an important meeting. (所以如果你真的想记住你朋友的生日或者一个重要的会议，你最好还是用纸笔写下来)”建议用书写的方式做笔记，选项G“研究表明，在手机上打字很难达到同样的效果。”说明用手机很难达到同样效果，和下文形成因果关系。故选G项。 5.上文主旨句“Take a short walk.(散散步)”和下文“At best, you’ll remember the name of that life-changing book from grade school! (在最好的情况下，你会记得小学时那本改变人生的书的名字！)”建议散步，并说明这能增强记忆力，选项C“最坏的情况下，你会得到一些锻炼和放松。”说明散步能得到锻炼和放松，其中At worst和下文中At best相对应。故选C项。 Passage E We can all have a bad night of sleep and that’s perfectly normal, but how could we try to improve both the quantity and the quality of our sleep? 6 Let’s start with regularity. 7 Regularity is king, and it will actually help your sleep, no matter whether it’s the weekday or the weekend or even if you’ve had a bad night of sleep. Many of us use an alarm to wake up but very few of us use a to-bed alarm, and that’s something that can be helpful. 8 It turns out that your brain and your body need to drop their temperature by about 1℃ in order to begin sleep and then to stay asleep. And this is the reason that you will always find it easier to fall asleep in a room that’s too cold than too hot. The third tip is darkness. We need darkness specifically in the evening to produce a hormone called melatonin(褪黑素). In the last hour before bed, try to stay away from all of those computer screens and phones. 9 You’d actually be quite surprised at how sleepy that can make you feel. The final tip is to walk it out. Don’t stay in bed awake for long periods of time. And the general rule is that if you’ve woken up and you can’t get back to sleep after 25 minutes, 10 And you can go and do something else. Only return to bed when you’re sleepy. And in that way, gradually, your brain will relearn the relation that your bed is this place of sound and continuous sleep. A. Next, keep the room cool. B. Turn off the lights in your room. C. Here are four tips for better sleep. D. the recommendation is to get out of bed. E. Visit your doctor if you have a sleep problem. F. Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time. G. It doesn’t matter whether you get up or fall asleep again. 本文是说明文。文章关于如何提高睡眠质量，提出了四条建议。 6. 空前一句提到“how could we try to improve both the quantity and the quality of our sleep?(但我们如何才能同时提高睡眠的数量和质量呢?)”；C项“Here are four tips for better sleep.(下面是四个提高睡眠质量的建议。)”是顺承空前一句的话题，同时也引出下文。C项是承上启下。故选C。 7. 该段首句是“Let’s start with regularity.(让我们从规律性开始。)”；空后一句提到“Regularity is king.( 规律才是王道。)”该段主题是说明睡眠要有规律；F项“Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time.”说明应该在同一时间上床睡觉，在同一时间起床，具体解释睡眠要有规律。F项与该段主题“regularity”相符。 故选F。 8. 分析文章结构，文章第二至五段首句都是每一段的主题句；该空位于此段的首句，也应该是该段的主题句；第二段首句中有“start with”，第四段首句中有“the third…”，第五段首句中有“the final…”，A项中“Next”与上下文中表示文章结构顺序的词语相呼应；下文提到“your brain and your body need to drop their temperature by about 1℃ in order to begin sleep and then to stay asleep.(你的大脑和身体需要降低1℃左右的体温才能开始睡眠，然后保持睡眠状态。)”，说明在温度稍低一点的环境里更容易进入睡眠；A项中“keep the room cool.(保持房间凉爽。)”应该是该段的主题。故选A。 9. 该段的首句是“The third tip is darkness.(第三个建议是黑暗。)”，因此该段主题是黑暗的睡眠环境会让人容易入睡；B项“Turn off the lights in your room.(关掉你房间里的灯。)”与该段主题“darkness(黑暗)”相符。 故选B。 10. 该段的首句是“The final tip is to walk it out.(最后的建议是去户外走走。)”；空前一句提到“if you’ve woken up and you can’t get back to sleep after 25 minutes(如果你醒来，在25分钟后无法再入睡)”；D项“the recommendation is to get out of bed.(建议是起床。)”是顺承空前一句的话题，是针对空前一句的“无法入睡”的情况提出建议；D项中“recommendation”与首句中“tip”同义；“get out of bed”与首句中“walk it out”语义相符。故选D。 Passage F Toy Story, Cars, Finding Nemo, Wall-E, Up — you have probably watched all these films. 6 Let’s go through the process of creating a cartoon film. Creating the storyboard The first step is to write down the main ideas of the story. 7 Based on the storyboard, the art department creates the first draft for the characters, their clothing and emotions, and the design sets. Making characters using 3D modelling A special computer program is used to create 3D shapes of the characters, sets and props—this is called modelling. 8 Special equipment is used to record points on these shapes. This information is then sent to a software program which recreates the 3D shape. Making them move The layout crew(摄影构图组) decide how these characters should move and then the cartoonists take over. They use 3D software to create the movements of each character, the skeleton’s (骨架) movements, facial expressions and more, between key frames(帧) in the story. 9 Dressing up for the show The sets and props are “dressed” according to the designs laid out by the art department. The skin and hair for the characters, their costumes as well as special lighting effects such as shadows, shining reflections are also created. Letting the show begin 10 The computers draw each frame one by one, with each frame slightly different from the previous one. Each frame takes 5-6 hours to create — imagine how much computing power and time it will take to create 24 frames per second of a 2-hour film! A. From that, storyboards are drawn. B. All these films have cost a large amount of money. C. Remember too, that the movements have to be smooth! D. Some of these shapes are simple, but some are very complex. E. The decorations of the sets and props are created using a software. F. Have you ever wondered how these amazing cartoon films were made? G. All the 3D characters, their movements, and lighting are to be done by computers. 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍卡通片的制作过程。 6. 根据上文提示“Toy Story, Cars, Finding Nemo, Wall-E, Up—you have probably watched all these films.(《玩具总动员》《汽车总动员》《海底总动员》《机器人总动员》《飞屋环游记》——这些电影你可能都看过)”，再根据下文提示“Let’s go through the process of creating a cartoon film.(让我们来看看制作卡通电影的过程)”，可知，根据常识，人们一定想知道这些卡通是怎样制作出来的，接下来空后引出这个话题。所以F项Have you ever wondered how these amazing cartoon films were made?(你有没有想过这些神奇的卡通电影是如何制作出来的? )符合上下文连贯，该项中的how these amazing cartoon films were made吻合了the process of creating a cartoon film。故选F。 7. 根据上文提示“The first step is to write down the main ideas of the story.(第一步是写下故事的主要思想)”，再根据下文提示“Based on the storyboard, the art department creates the first draft for the characters, their clothing and emotions, and the design sets.(根据故事板，美术部门为角色，他们的服装和情绪，以及设计布景创造了初稿)”，可知，由初稿绘制出故事板。所以A项From that, storyboards are drawn.(由此，故事板被绘制出来)符合上下文连贯，该项中的that指代上文中的the main ideas，storyboards与下文的Based on the storyboard吻合。故选A。 8. 根据上文提示“A special computer program is used to create 3D shapes of the characters, sets and props—this is called modelling.(一种特殊的计算机程序被用来创建角色、布景和道具的3D形状——这被称为建模)”，可知，布景和道具的装饰是由计算机程序制作出来的。所以E项The decorations of the sets and props are created using a software.(布景和道具的装饰是用软件制作的)符合上下文连贯。其中the sets and props与上文的sets and props保持一致。故选E。 9. 根据上文提示“They use 3D software to create the movements of each character, the skeleton’s (骨架) movements, facial expressions and more, between key frames (帧) in the story.(在故事的关键帧之间，他们使用3D软件来创造每个角色的动作、骨骼的动作、面部表情等等)”，可知，这些制作应该是有的简单，有的复杂。所以，D项Some of these shapes are simple, but some are very complex.(有些形状很简单，但有些非常复杂)符合上下文连贯，是对上文的进一步解释。故选D。 10. 根据下文提示“The computers draw each frame one by one, with each frame slightly different from the previous one.(计算机一帧一帧地画出每一帧，每一帧与前一帧略有不同)”，可知这些事情都是由电脑制作的。所以，G项All the 3D characters, their movements, and lighting are to be done by computers.(所有的3D角色，他们的动作和灯光都是由电脑完成的)符合上下文的连贯。故选G。 Passage G Many teens in high school want to try out for sports because they think it will make them popular. 6 Here are some reasons that you’ll find comforting. With electronic products becoming more popular, it has become much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used to hang out around the town; now they just sit at home. 7 In this case, they’ll learn how to interact and work as a team—something they’ll find useful later in life. 8 Playing a team sport will help your teens get some exercise to lose weight or get into shape. What’s more, these days, it’s becoming harder to show your teens that you love and support them. A great way to do this is by showing up while they are playing games. You can also help them practice, and help with team fundraising. These are also great ways to spend time with your kids and talk to them. You may say “but my teen isn’t good enough to make their school team”. 9 There are plenty of other places besides school to play team sports. You can always check out other “for-fun” clubs. You could look into sports that you may not have thought of. If you do a little research, you’re sure to find something your teen will enjoy. Sports are a great way for your teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college. 10 A. Take it easy. B. Take your chance. C. Sports help address teens’ overweight. D. Then how can you develop a hobby in having sports? E. So why not talk to them about getting into sports today? F. However, there are other benefits your teens don’t realize. G. Yet getting into a sport gives them a chance to go out and socialize. 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了高中的青少年参加体育运动的好处。 6. 根据上文“Many teens in high school want to try out for sports because they think it will make them popular. (许多高中的青少年都想尝试运动，因为他们认为这会让他们受欢迎。)”可知，高中的青少年认为运动会让他们受欢迎，F项意为“然而，还有其他好处是你的青少年没有意识到的。”选项能够承接上文，运动不仅会让青少年受欢迎，还有青少年没有意识到的其他好处。故选F。 7. 根据上文“With electronic products becoming more popular, it has become much easier for teens to be by themselves. Kids used to hang out around the town; now they just sit at home. (随着电子产品越来越受欢迎，青少年独处变得更加容易。孩子们过去常在城里闲逛；现在他们只是坐在家里。)”可知，随着电子产品越来越受欢迎，孩子们不喜欢出去社交，G项意为“然而，参加体育运动给了他们一个出去社交的机会。”选项能够承接上文，孩子们不喜欢出去社交，而参加体育运动可以给他们一个出去社交的机会。故选G。 8. 根据下文“Playing a team sport will help your teens get some exercise to lose weight or get into shape. (参加团队运动有助于青少年进行一些锻炼，以减肥或保持身材。)”可知，参加团队运动有助于青少年减肥或保持身材，C项意为“运动有助于解决青少年超重问题。”选项能够概括段落主旨，下文针对“运动有助于解决青少年超重问题”这个话题进行了具体介绍。故选C。 9. 根据上文“You may say “but my teen isn’t good enough to make their school team”. (你可能会说“但我的孩子还不够优秀，不能加入他们的校队”。)”可知，许多家长担心孩子不够优秀，不能加入校队，A项意为“别担心。”选项能够承接上文，针对家长的焦虑，作者劝慰家长“别担心”，且能引起下文，下文介绍了解决办法，除了学校，还有很多其他地方可以进行团体运动，可以参加其他俱乐部。故选A。 10. 根据上文“Sports are a great way for your teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college. (运动是青少年走出家门、行动起来、交朋友，甚至获得大学奖学金的好方法。)”可知，上文介绍了运动的好处，E项意为“那么为什么今天不和他们谈谈关于参加体育运动的事呢？”选项能够承接上文，既然运动有这么多好处，为什么不和孩子谈谈关于参加体育运动的事呢？故选E。 Passage H Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it. ____16____ Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest. You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. ____17____Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. ____18____ The following methods may work best for you. ● Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it. ● Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts. ● ____19____ ● Use words, not complete sentences. ● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written. As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand. When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.____20____ A. Write your notes in your own words. B. There are three practical note-taking methods. C. You must write your notes on separate paper. D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. G. Second your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. 这是一篇说明文，文章讲述记笔记的好处及方法。 【16题详解】根据上文“First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.(首先，写下一些东西的简单行为让你更容易理解和记住它)”及下文“Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.(第三，记笔记为你的学习时间提供了多样性，并帮助你保持兴趣)”可知，空处是关于记笔记的第二点好处，G项“第二，当你准备考试的时候，你的笔记是很好的参考材料”符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】上文“You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report.(你会想在课堂讨论、阅读教科书或做研究报告时做笔记)”是描述记笔记的场合，根据下文“Whenever or however you take notes(无论何时或以何种方式做笔记)”中的however可知，空处应是描述记笔记的方式，E项“你也想建立自己的记笔记方法”符合语境，故选E项。 【18题详解】根据上文“Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.(无论何时或以何种方式做笔记，记住记笔记是一个选择的过程)”可知，记笔记是一个选择的过程，即选择重要的信息记下，F项“这意味着你必须首先决定哪些内容是重要的，需要写在笔记中”对上文进一步说明，符合语境。故选F项。 【19题详解】由上文“The following methods may work best for you.(以下方法对你最有效。)”可知，此处是记笔记的方法，分析选项，A项“用自己的话写笔记”与上下文句式一致，均是祈使句，符合语境，故选A项。 【20题详解】根据上文“When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.(当你这样做的时候，确保你理解你的符号，并一直使用它们)”可知，记笔记时要确保理解自己使用的符号，否则就读不懂记下的内容，D项“否则，你以后可能无法阅读你的笔记”符合语境。故选D项。 Passage I How often do you have a conversation with someone, and think you are paying attention to him or her, only to realize shortly afterwards that you can't remember what he said? Or, perhaps you get distracted while he is speaking and miss the message that he is trying to deliver. ____36____: TVs, radios, traffic noises, telephones, laptops and so on, which can make it difficult to listen with our full attention. But how can we listen more effectively? ____37____. He said, “Mindfulness means paying attention in a particular way, with a purpose, at the present moment and non - judgmentally.” ____38____? Jon Kabat - Zinn describes three key elements of mindful listening that we can use to improve our listening skills. First of all, be present. When we listen mindfully, our focus should be on the person we are listening to without distractions. Then develop empathy (共鸣). We often see the world through our own experiences. When we're empathetic, we can understand a situation from someone else's point of view. ____39____. Our cues are the thoughts, feelings and physical reactions that we have when we feel anxious or angry, and they can block out ideas and perspectives that we re uncomfortable with. Mindful listening can help us to be more aware of our cues. ____40____ In conclusion, the rule is straightforward: simply “Listen”! Listen carefully and attentively. Pay full attention to the other person, and don' t let other thoughts, like what we are going to say next, distract us. A. Finally, listen to our own “cues” B. What can we do with mindful listening C. But how can we apply mindful listening to our life D. At last, “cues” helps us understand the speaker's ideas E. In today's busy world, modern life is full of distractions F. Besides, it allows us to choose not to let them block communication G. Professor Jon Kabat - Zinn put forward the idea of mindful listening 本文是说明文。主要说明了倾听他人时容易分心的原因，提出了提高倾听效率的方法——用心倾听，及培养用心倾听的三个核心要素。 【36题详解】根据空格后的冒号及冒号后的内容“TVs, radios, traffic noises, telephones, laptops … our full attention.（电视、收音机、交通噪音、电话、笔记本电脑等都会让我们难以全神贯注地听）”可知，空格后向我们解释了导致我们分心的因素有哪些，所以空格处是要说明现代生活充满让人们分心的事物。E选项中的“distractions”与后面句子中的“…difficult to listen with our full attention（难以全神贯注地听）”进行呼应。故选E。 【37题详解】根据空格后的人称代词“He”可以判断，空格处需要先引出这个人是谁。G选项指出了是Professor Jon Kabat – Zinn提出了用心倾听的理念。另外，本段主要是要给我们引出提高倾听效率的方法---用心倾听，根据段落中心词也可以判断G选项合适。故选G。 【38题详解】根据空格后的问号及下文内容“three key elements（ 三个关键因素）”可知，空格处的问题主要围绕如何将用心倾听运用到我们的生活中。选项C符合题意，故选C。 【39题详解】根据上文“three key elements…first of all…then…（三个关键因素……首先……其次……）”及下文“Our cues are the thoughts, feelings and physical reactions（我们的提示是思想、感觉和身体反应）”可知，空格处要介绍第三个因素且要引出cues这个词。此外，祈使句“Finally, listen to our own “cues””与上文“First of all, be present”、 “Then develop empathy””句式对等。故选A。 【40题详解】根据上文“Mindful listening can help us to be more aware of our cues（用心倾听可以帮助我们更好地意识到自己的暗示）”可知，此处介绍“Mindful listening”的好处，紧接着写另一个好处“it allows us to choose not to let them block communication（它允许我们选择不让他们阻碍交流）”符合句意。且F选项中的代词“it”指代上文“mindful listening”。故选F。 Passage J Some Ways to Improve Your Study As a high school student, it is important for you to do well in study. The better ways you have, the better you will learn. But do you know how to improve your study? ___12___ ●Pay attention in class. First, don’t make any noise in class. ___13___ Last but not least, get yourself involved in classroom activities. ●___14___ If you are not sure how to take notes, start by writing down the important points that your teacher mentions or writes on the blackboard. It’s a good idea to keep your notes in order by subject. It can help you master what you have learnt. ●Go over your lessons. ___15___ By going over your lessons, you can understand and remember better. So you should review your lessons now and then after class. ●Learn from your classmates. Everyone has his own advantages. You should learn not only from your teachers but also from your classmates. You can learn in pairs or in groups to solve problems. ___16___ I’m sure you will improve your study sooner or later if you follow the ways above. A. Take good notes. B. Believe in yourself. C. Here are some ways to help you. D. It is necessary for you to go over your lessons. E. You should take part in out-of-school activities. F. Second, pay attention to what the teacher says. G. In this way, you can learn from each other and know more. 【答案】12. C 13. F 14. A 15. D 16. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助提高学习的方法。 【12题详解】上文“But do you know how to improve your study?(但是你知道如何提高你的学习吗?)”可知不知道如何提高学习；下文“Pay attention in class.(上课要注意听讲。)”开始提具体的学习方法。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，引出下文。C项“Here are some ways to help you.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。 【13题详解】上文“First, don’t make any noise in class.(首先，不要在课堂上制造任何噪音。)”提到了上课注意听讲的第一点；下文“Last but not least, get yourself involved in classroom activities.(最后但同样重要的，让自己参与课堂活动。)”提到了第三点。由此可推知，设空处为第二点。F项“Second, pay attention to what the teacher says.(第二，注意老师说的话。)”与上下文对应。故选F项。 【14题详解】设空处位于段首，为段落主旨句；下文“If you are not sure how to take notes, start by writing down the important points that your teacher mentions or writes on the blackboard.(如果你不知道如何记笔记，首先把老师提到或写在黑板上的要点写下来。)”提到了记笔记的方法。由此可推知，本段主旨为记笔记。A项“Take good notes.(做好笔记。)”与下文对应。故选A项。 【15题详解】上文主旨句“Go over your lessons.(复习功课。)”提到了要复习功课；下文“By going over your lessons, you can understand and remember better.(通过复习功课，你可以更好地理解和记忆。)”提到了复习功课的意义。由此可推知，设空处与复习功课息息相关。D项“It is necessary for you to go over your lessons.(复习功课是很有必要的。)”与上下文对应。故选D项。 【16题详解】段首主旨句“Learn from your classmates.(向你的同学学习。)”提到了要向同学学习；上文“You can learn in pairs or in groups to solve problems.(你可以结对学习，也可以小组学习来解决问题。)”提到了结对学习和小组学习来解决问题。由此可推之，设空处可能与小组学习的好处相关。G项“In this way, you can learn from each other and know more.(通过这种方式，你们可以互相学习，了解更多。)”与上文对应。故选G项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$