精品解析：黑龙江省大庆市肇源县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试题

黑龙江省大庆市肇源县 2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（五四学制） 第二部分 笔试 第一节 选择题 II. Reading Comprehension Choose the best answer according to the passage you read. A WHO IS YOUR ROLE MODEL? WHY? My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart. I often see her riding her bike in the park and she also spends time doing volunteer work. She helps me understand that people won’t be old if they still have a great love for life. Adam I miss Mrs. White most after primary school. She was our math teacher and always patient with us. She helped us to work out the answers ourselves, no matter how difficult the questions were. So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future. Betty Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor. In 1938, Dr. Bethune came to China and helped treat the wounded. He often worked very hard without resting. Once, he managed to save over one hundred lives in sixty-nine hours. He is still remembered in both China and Canada today. So he is my role model. Peter Yuan Longping is my role model. He is one of the greatest agricultural (农业的) scientists of our time. He worked hard to grow better rice to solve the problems of food shortage. It is sad that Mr. Yuan has left us, but his dreams are carried by many plant and agricultural researches. Emma 1. Who is Emma’s role model? A. Ms. Li. B. Mrs. White. C. Norman Bethune. D. Yuan Longping. 2. What does Betty want to be in the future? A. A teacher. B. A scientist. C. A doctor. D. A volunteer. 3. What do we know about Ms. Li? A. She worked in a hospital. B. She solved the food problems. C. She is old in age but young at heart. D. She is very patient with her students. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，分别是四位介绍自己的榜样是谁，以及原因。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四栏中“Yuan Longping is my role model.”可知，袁隆平是艾玛的榜样，故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二栏中“and I want to be a teacher like her in the future”可知，贝蒂以后想成为一名老师，故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一栏中“My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart.”可知，李奶奶已经八十多岁了，但内心仍很年轻。故选C。 B In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are two long, thin pieces of wood. Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also be made of all kinds of wood, as well as plastic, animal bone, metal and so on. During the Middle Ages, people often used silver chopsticks since it was thought that silver would turn colour if it came into some poison (毒药). A child’s plastic chopsticks might have a cartoon character, such as Mickey Mouse. Some might find new life as a lightweight, easy-to-clean pair of chopsticks. “Forkchops” are chopsticks for some Westerners. And they put chopsticks at one end and forks and knives at the other, in case the user can’t manage during the meal. The Chinese have been using chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, using sticks to remove it. Later, as population grew, people began chopping food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Small pieces of food could be eaten without knives, so the sticks turned into chopsticks. Some people think that Confucius influenced the development of chopsticks. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Central Asia most people have traditionally eaten with their hands. 4. According to the second paragraph, chopsticks are mostly made of ________. A. iron B. stone C. paper D. wood and bamboo 5. During the Middle Ages, people often used ________ as chopsticks. A. wood B. sliver C. bamboo D. plastic 6. A child’s plastic set of chopsticks might feature a (n) ________ character. A. cartoon B. animal C. natural D. people 7. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The Chinese have been using chopsticks for five thousand years. B. Not all the Asian countries people usually eat food with chopsticks. C. Some Westerners put chopsticks at one end and forks and knives at the other. D. Chopsticks are only made of all kinds of wood. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了在亚洲大多数国家通常用筷子吃饭， 同时还介绍了筷子的形状、材质和筷子的历史。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also be made of all kinds of wood”可知，筷子主要是用竹子和各种木材做的。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“During the Middle Ages, people often used silver chopsticks.”可知，中世纪人们使用银子做筷子。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A child’s plastic chopsticks might have a cartoon character,”可知，儿童的塑料筷子可以有卡通角色。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also be made of all kinds of wood, as well as plastic, animal bone, metal and so on.”可知，筷子可以是木头，竹子，塑料，骨头，金属等等。故选D。 C The competition among students today is quite fierce (激烈的). In my class, every student is very hard-working. But the funny thing is that they like to make efforts secretly. Last week, my friend looked very tired. When I went to look through his exercise book, I found that he actually finished more pages than most of us. We had no idea when he wrote it. During a lunch break, I happened to find him hiding in his quilt. I quietly got close to his bed and suddenly lifted his quilt. I found that he was secretly doing his homework, with a flash in his hand! After knowing that, our whole class started to study secretly without telling each other. We all pretended that we hadn’t done anything but work hard behind each other’s backs. Although our grades improved, we did not have the same pleasure and satisfaction of learning together as before. Schoolwork takes up most of our time, but we shouldn’t pay attention to one thing. We also need love, play and trust in each other. 8. The author’s friend is actually ________ under the quilt. A. studying secretly B. sleeping C. eating secretly D. playing with a torch 9. After all the students studied secretly, ________. A. their grades went down B. they were satisfied with the situation C. they didn’t enjoy the learning process D. they became less competitive than ever 10. What does the underlined word “pretend” mean in Chinese? A. 假装 B. 推断 C. 相信 D. 认为 11. We know that the author thinks ________. A. students should have their own interests B. students should focus on one thing at a time C. students should study behind each other’s backs D. students should compete in a healthy way 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者班上的同学们在背后偷偷竞争，虽然成绩提高了，但是没有享受到学习过程中的快乐与满足，作者认为学生应该以一种健康的方式去竞争。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据“During a lunch break, I happened to find him hiding in his quilt. I quietly got close to his bed and suddenly lifted his quilt. I found that he was secretly doing his homework, with a flash in his hand!”可知，午休时，我碰巧发现他躲在被子里，他在偷偷做作业，故作者的朋友其实是在被子底下偷偷学习。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Although our grades improved, we did not have the same pleasure and satisfaction of learning together as before.”可知，虽然我们的成绩提高了，但我们没有像以前那样在一起学习的快乐和满足。即他们没有享受学习的过程。故选C。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据“we hadn’t done anything but work hard behind each other’s backs.”可知，我们什么都没做，只是在彼此背后努力学习。结合选项可知，是指假装什么都没有做。所以划线词意为“假装”。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Schoolwork takes up most of our time, but we shouldn’t pay attention to one thing. We also need love, play and trust in each other”可知，学业占据了我们大部分的时间，但我们不应该只关注一件事，我们也需要爱、玩耍和彼此信任，可推知，作者认为背后竞争是不对的，学生应该以一种健康的方式去竞争。故选D。 D Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates. Liu Wei, a Junior 2 student from Hefei, could not understand his teachers and was doing badly in his lessons. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his finger with a knife. Another student, 14-year-old Yan Fang from Guangzhou, was afraid of exams. She got very worried in one, and when she looked at the exam paper, she couldn’t think of anything to write. A recent report says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental (心理的) problems. Their troubles include (包括) being worried and very unhappy and having problems in learning and getting on with people. Many students who have problems won’t go for advice or help. Some think they will look stupid (愚蠢的) if they go to see a doctor. Others don’t want to talk about their secrets. Liang Yuezhu, an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital, has the following advice for teenagers: *Talk to your parents or teachers often. *Take part in group activities and play sports. *Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell. 12. The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ________. A. mental problems B. a headache C. knives with them D. no parents 13. Liu Wei cut his finger with a knife because ________. A. he was afraid of his teacher B. he wanted to frighten his parents C. he was so worried about his studies D. his finger was badly hurt 14. Yan Fang’s problems happened whenever ________. A. she studied very hard B. she had exams C. she talked with her parents D. she thought of something 15. Students who have problems won’t ask others for help because ________. A. they won’t let others think they are stupid B. they don’t think doctors can help them C. they think the problems are not serious D. they have no secrets about others 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要写了年轻人在心理上可能遇到的问题。一些学生因为需要努力学习而感到担忧，另一些学生与父母和同学相处不好。建议青少年多与父母和老师交流，参加团体活动和运动，并在感到不快乐或身体不适时去看医生。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“A recent report says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental (心理的) problems. Their troubles include (包括) being worried and very unhappy and having problems in learning and getting on with people.”可知，经常担心或难以与他人相处的学生可能有心理问题。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段内容“Liu Wei, a Junior 2 student from Hefei, could not understand his teachers and was doing badly in his lessons. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his finger with a knife.”可知，刘伟因为担心学业，用刀割伤了手指。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She got very worried in one, and when she looked at the exam paper, she couldn’t think of anything to write.”可知，杨芳每次考试都会出问题。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Many students who have problems won’t go for advice or help. Some think they will look stupid (愚蠢的) if they go to see a doctor. Others don’t want to talk about their secrets.”可知，有问题的学生不会向别人求助，因为他们不会让别人认为他们很愚蠢。故选A。 Ⅲ. Complete the Passage Choose the sentences to complete the passage. （Two sentences are extra. ）（10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? ___16___ Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. ___17___ They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. ___18___ Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse (迷惑) the birds. ___19___ The birds see the light but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. ___20___ Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A. The answer is glass. B. People are trying to solve the problem. C. These birds have no idea what glass is. D. As a result, they fly right into the glass. E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass. F. People don’t know how to deal with the problem. G. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了城市中带有玻璃墙的建筑内晚上的灯光给迁徙的鸟儿造成了困扰，使得它们误撞上玻璃从而导致死亡。 【16题详解】 根据“Why does this happen? ”可知，空处应是解释背后的原因，结合“windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass.”可知，与玻璃有关，A项“答案是玻璃”符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据“ Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands.”可知，大多数时候，它们生活在野外，比如森林和湿地，所以对于玻璃没有概念，C项“这些鸟根本不知道玻璃是什么。”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据“ The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants.”可知，鸟儿不知道它们和植物之间有玻璃，所以就撞上了，D项“结果，它们直接撞到了玻璃上。”符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据“Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse（迷惑）the birds.”可知，这里是说夜晚亮着灯的高楼大厦会迷惑鸟类这一问题，G项“这是一个大问题，尤其是在雾天和雨夜。”符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据“Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy.”可知，本段是讲对于这一问题人们采取的解决办法，B项“人们正在努力解决这个问题。”符合语境。故选B。 IV. Cloze Test Choose the best answer to complete the passage. （10分） The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route (路线) between China and the Mediterranean (地中海). It started ___21___ the Western Han Dynasty and has been a ___22___ between the East and the West for over 2,000 years. The route started from Chang’an (now Xi’an) and ___23___ in an Eastern European country. It was about 6,500 kilometres ___24___ and crossed one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name ___25___ Chinese silk used to be carried along this route. Silk, jade (玉), ceramics (陶瓷制品) and iron went West to Rome. And from the West came glass, gems (宝石) and food ___26___ carrots and sesame (芝麻). The Silk Road was very important to both China and the ___27___ of the world. It was more than an ancient international trade route. ___28___ about art, science and literature, as well as crafts (工艺) and technologies was ___29___, thanks to the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed fast and influenced each other. Today, along the Silk Road there’re many places of _____30_____, such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. 21. A. at B. on C. during D. through 22. A. bridge B. river C. building D. machine 23. A. came B. ended C. started D. returned 24. A. high B. deep C. long D. low 25. A. so B. but C. and D. because 26. A. like B. as C. for D. over 27. A. first B. last C. rest D. best 28. A. Money B. Space C. Friendship D. Knowledge 29. A. compared B. invented C. shared D. refused 30. A. interest B. tradition C. secret D. question 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了丝绸之路的相关信息。 【21题详解】 句意：它始建于西汉，是东西方沟通的桥梁，已有2000多年的历史。 at在 (某时间或时刻) ； on在……上；during在……期间；through通过。根据“It started... the Western Han Dynasty”可知，此处是说它开始于西汉期间。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：它始建于西汉，是东西方沟通的桥梁，已有2000多年的历史。 bridge桥；river河；building建筑物；machine机器。根据“between the East and the West”可知，丝绸之路是东西方之间的桥梁。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：这条路从长安（现在西安）开始，到一个东欧国家结束。 came来；ended结束；started开始；returned返回。根据“The route started from Chang’an (now Xi’an)”可知，前半句提到了丝绸之路开始的地点，故此处说的是结束的地点。故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：它长约6500公里，跨越了地球的四分之一。 high高的；deep深的；long长的；low低的。根据“crossed one-fourth of the planet”可知，它跨越了地球的四分之一，故此处说的是丝绸之路的长度。故选C。 【25题详解】 句意：丝绸之路之所以得名，是因为中国的丝绸曾经沿着这条路运输。 so所以；but但是；and和；because因为。根据“The Silk Road got its name... Chinese silk used to be carried along this route.”可知，此处介绍丝绸之路得名的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。 【26题详解】 句意：从西方传来玻璃，宝石和食物，比如胡萝卜和芝麻。 like例如；as作为；for为了；over在……上面。根据“food... carrots and sesame (芝麻)”可知，是对食物进行举例。故选A。 【27题详解】 句意：丝绸之路对中国和世界其他地方都很重要。 first首先；last最后的；rest其余部分；best最好的。根据“The Silk Road was very important to both China and the... of the world.”及下文可知，丝绸之路对中国和世界其他地方都很重要，the rest of the world“世界其他地方”。故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：多亏了丝绸之路，艺术、科学和文学知识，以及工艺和技术得以分享。 Money钱；Space空间；Friendship友谊；Knowledge知识。根据“about art, science and literature”可知，此处指关于艺术、科学和文学的知识。故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：多亏了丝绸之路，艺术、科学和文学知识，以及工艺和技术得以共享。 compared比较；invented发明；shared分享；refused拒绝。根据“... about art, science and literature, as well as crafts (工艺) and technologies was... thanks to the Silk Road.”可知，通过丝绸之路，艺术、科学和文学知识以及工艺和技术得以共享。故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：如今，丝绸之路沿线有许多名胜古迹，如西安兵马俑和敦煌莫高窟。 interest兴趣；tradition传统；secret秘密；question问题。根据“such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang”可知，此处指名胜古迹，places of interest“名胜古迹”。故选A。 第二节 非选择题 V. Grammatical Filling Fill in each blank with a proper form of the word given or a proper word. （20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once upon a time, an eagle（老鹰）was ____31____（fly）in the sky when he suddenly saw a beautiful hen. The eagle came near the hen and said, “My pretty hen, I love you. Will you be my wife?” The hen was scared for the eagle was so strong. Her husband, the cock, had gone out to look for food and her kids had gone away somewhere to play with other ____32____（child）. The hen quickly answered, “I’m willing to be, but let me first grow wings like yours, so I can fly as high as you.” The eagle replied, “OK! This ring is ____33____ you as a sign of our betrothal（订婚）. Tie it around your neck till I return.” The hen agreed ____34____（do）so, and the eagle flew away. When the cock met the hen the next day, he was very ____35____（surprise）to see the ring around her neck. He said, “Where did you get that ring? Throw it away immediately.” The hen did this and the cock was cheerful again. But at the weekend, the eagle came back. ____36____ frightened hen hid herself behind her door but the eagle soon found her. Suddenly he cried, “Where ____37____（be）the ring that I gave you? Why are you not wearing it?” The hen was very scared and said, “Forgive me. I lost it yesterday. I was walking in the garden when I met a large snake. I was ____38____ frightened that I ran fast. When I got home, I couldn’t find it.” The eagle looked at the hen ____39____（angry）and said, “I don’t believe you. You have hurt me. I will punish you. ____40____ you don’t marry me, I will snatch away（抢走） all your chickens from you. But I will promise to forgive you only if you find my ring. Goodbye!” Ever since all the hens in the world have been scratching the ground to find the eagle’s ring. 【答案】31. flying 32. children 33. for 34. to do 35. surprised 36. The 37. is 38. so 39. angrily 40. If 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一只老鹰想娶一只漂亮的母鸡做妻子的故事。 【31题详解】 句意：从前，一只老鹰在天空飞时，他突然看到一直美丽的母鸡。此空与was构成过去进行时。故填flying。 【32题详解】 句意：她的丈夫，公鸡出去找吃的了，她的孩子们也去别的地方和其他孩子玩去了。other后接复数名词，故填children。 【33题详解】 句意：这枚戒指是给你作为订婚信物的。根据you可知，此处指为某人准备，用介词for。故填for。 34题详解】 句意：母鸡同意这么做，老鹰飞走了。agree to do sth表示“同意做某事”。故填to do。 【35题详解】 句意：看到她脖子上的戒指，他很惊讶。修饰人，用以ed为结尾的形容词作表语，故填surprised。 【36题详解】 句意：受惊的母鸡躲在门后，但老鹰很快就找到了她。此处特指前面提到的母鸡，用定冠词the。故填The。 【37题详解】 句意：我给你的戒指在哪里？主语the ring是单数，询问戒指现在在哪里，说话内容应用一般现在时，故填is。 【38题详解】 句意：我很害怕，所以跑得很快。根据“I was … scared that I ran fast”可知，修饰形容词scared，用so…that引导的结果状语从句，故填so。 【39题详解】 句意：老鹰生气地看着母鸡说。此空为副词修饰动词，angrily表示“生气地”。故填angrily。 【40题详解】 句意：如果你不嫁给我，我就把你的鸡都抢走。“you don’t marry me”与“I will snatch（抓）away all your chickens from you”是条件关系，如果不嫁给老鹰，他就把小鸡都抢走，用if引导条件状语从句，故填If。 VI. Reading Expression （10分） 根据短文内容，用符合语意及语法规则的词填空。 Many of us now live in gated communities（封闭式社区）. Only people who live there can go freely inside, and only their cars can pass through the gates. But are you hoping for a more open and convenient environment? When gates and walls are gone, everyone can enjoy a city with bigger green areas for picnics and more cafes and bookstores to meet your friends. Turning gated communities into blocks is one way to achieve this, according to the Chinese government. On Feb. 21, China said that gated communities should be open to the public. Open communities have already become popular in many cities of other countries, like Paris, France, and New York City, US. There, the roads, shops and green areas are for everyone. Another good change that blocks may bring is better traffic in cities, according to Professor Li Hongchang from Beijing Jiaotong University. There will be more roads open to the public. And more people may choose to walk father than drive cars because they don’t need to take a long way to get around those gated communities. The Chinese government explains that the opening will be carried out step by step and more detailed（详细的）plans will come out in the future. Also, they have been testing blocks in some areas in Chengdu, Sichuan, and so far it has been working well. 41. People aren’t _________ to go inside gated communities freely except someone who lives there. Without gates or walls, people can enjoy a more open and _________ environment. 42. The Chinese government announced that gated communities should be _________ to the public and turning gated communities into _________ is one way to achieve this. 43. In many cities of other countries, open communities have already become _________. They _________ the roads, shops and green areas for everyone. 44. There are _________ advantages of turning gated communities into open ones and more people may choose to walk instead of _________ cars. 45. The Chinese government says that we can’t carry out the opening at _________. We need to make more detailed _________ in the future. 【答案】41. ①. allowed ②. convenient 42 ①. open ②. blocks 43. ①. popular ②. provide 44. ①. two ②. driving 45. ①. once ②. plans 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了将封闭社区变成街区的情况。 【41题详解】 根据“Only people who live there can go freely inside, and only their cars can pass through the gates”可知除了住在那里的人之外，人们不允许自由进入封闭的社区。be allowed to do“被允许做”符合语境；根据“But are you hoping for a more open and convenient environment? When gates and walls are gone, everyone can enjoy a city with bigger green areas for picnics and more cafes and bookstores to meet your friends.”可知没有大门和围墙，人们可以享受更开放和方便的环境。convenient“方便的”。故填allowed；convenient。 【42题详解】 根据“Turning gated communities into blocks is one way to achieve this, according to the Chinese government. On Feb. 21, China said that gated communities should be open to the public.”可知中国政府宣布，封闭社区应该向公众开放，把封闭社区变成街区是实现这一目标的一种方式。第一空应填open“开放的”，形容词作表语；第二空应填blocks“街区”。故填open；blocks。 【43题详解】 根据“Open communities have already become popular in many cities of other countries, like Paris, France, and New York City, US. There, the roads, shops and green areas are for everyone.”可知在其他国家的许多城市，开放社区已经变得流行起来。他们为每个人提供道路、商店和绿地。第一空应填popular“流行的”，作表语；第二空应填provide表示“提供”，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填popular；provide。 【44题详解】 根据“There will be more roads open to the public. And more people may choose to walk father than drive cars ”结合上文介绍可知把封闭的社区变成开放的社区有两个好处，更多的人可能会选择步行而不是开车。第一应填two表示“两个”；第二空表示“开车”，drive“开车”，of后用动名词。故填two；driving。 【45题详解】 根据“The Chinese government explains that the opening will be carried out step by step and more detailed（详细的）plans will come out in the future.”可知中国政府解释说，开放将逐步进行，未来将出台更详细的计划。at once“立刻，马上”；plans“计划”。故填once；plan。 Ⅶ Writing（15分） 46. 无奋斗，不青春！某英文网站正在开展以“越努力越幸福( The Harder I Work, the Happier I Will Be)”为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在初中生活中的一个小目标是什么？你是如何努力去实现的？以及你从中学到了什么？ 提示词语：set a goal, work hard, make a plan, helpful, proud, succeed 要求： 1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 2.必须包含所给提示，可适当发挥； 3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； 4.词数：100词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： It’s well-known that there’s no shortcut to success but hard work. One of my experiences helps me realise the truth again. As I entered Grade 9, I found I had difficulty in speaking English freely. Therefore, I decided to improve my oral English by making a plan. First, I kept on practising listening to English and reading aloud to improve my pronunciation. Second, I tried to read English books from which I could learn many native expressions. Although it was quite challengeable, I managed to develop it into a habit. Thanks to my great efforts, I have made greater progress and I can speak better English now. The experience has made me realise the great value of hard work. I not only feel proud of my oral English but also find the pleasure in hard work. I believe the more hard-working I am, the much happier I will be. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] 题材：本文是一篇话题作文； 时态：时态为“一般过去时” ； 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中越努力越幸福的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图借用“越努力越幸福”来引出重点介绍的内容； 第二步，具体阐述写作内容，从“你在初中生活中的一个小目标是什么、你是如何努力去实现的？以及你从中学到了什么？”几个方面重点越努力越幸福具体情况； 第三步，书写结语表达“越努力越幸福”的感悟。 [亮点词汇] improve oral English 提高英语口语 not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… thanks to 由于，幸亏 [高分句型] ①Second, I tried to read English books from which I could learn many native expressions.（which引导的非限制性定语从句） ②Although it was quite challengeable, I managed to develop it into a habit.（although引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 黑龙江省大庆市肇源县 2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末英语试卷（五四学制） 第二部分 笔试 第一节 选择题 II. Reading Comprehension Choose the best answer according to the passage you read. A WHO IS YOUR ROLE MODEL? WHY? My role model is my neighbor Ms. Li. She is in her eighties now but she is still young at heart. I often see her riding her bike in the park and she also spends time doing volunteer work. She helps me understand that people won’t be old if they still have a great love for life. Adam I miss Mrs. White most after primary school. She was our math teacher and always patient with us. She helped us to work out the answers ourselves, no matter how difficult the questions were. So Mrs. White is my role model, and I want to be a teacher like her in the future. Betty Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor. In 1938, Dr. Bethune came to China and helped treat the wounded. He often worked very hard without resting. Once, he managed to save over one hundred lives in sixty-nine hours. He is still remembered in both China and Canada today. So he is my role model. Peter Yuan Longping is my role model. He is one of the greatest agricultural (农业的) scientists of our time. He worked hard to grow better rice to solve the problems of food shortage. It is sad that Mr. Yuan has left us, but his dreams are carried by many plant and agricultural researches. Emma 1. Who is Emma’s role model? A. Ms. Li. B. Mrs. White. C. Norman Bethune. D. Yuan Longping. 2. What does Betty want to be in the future? A. A teacher. B. A scientist. C. A doctor. D. A volunteer. 3. What do we know about Ms. Li? A. She worked in a hospital. B. She solved the food problems. C. She is old in age but young at heart. D. She is very patient with her students. B In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. Chopsticks are two long, thin pieces of wood. Bamboo is the most common material, but they are also be made of all kinds of wood, as well as plastic, animal bone, metal and so on. During the Middle Ages, people often used silver chopsticks since it was thought that silver would turn colour if it came into some poison (毒药). A child’s plastic chopsticks might have a cartoon character, such as Mickey Mouse. Some might find new life as a lightweight, easy-to-clean pair of chopsticks. “Forkchops” are chopsticks for some Westerners. And they put chopsticks at one end and forks and knives at the other, in case the user can’t manage during the meal. The Chinese have been using chopsticks for five thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, using sticks to remove it. Later, as population grew, people began chopping food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. Small pieces of food could be eaten without knives, so the sticks turned into chopsticks. Some people think that Confucius influenced the development of chopsticks. Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia. In India, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Central Asia most people have traditionally eaten with their hands. 4. According to the second paragraph, chopsticks are mostly made of ________. A. iron B. stone C. paper D. wood and bamboo 5. During the Middle Ages, people often used ________ as chopsticks. A. wood B. sliver C. bamboo D. plastic 6. A child’s plastic set of chopsticks might feature a (n) ________ character. A. cartoon B. animal C. natural D. people 7. Which of the following is NOT true? A The Chinese have been using chopsticks for five thousand years. B. Not all the Asian countries people usually eat food with chopsticks. C. Some Westerners put chopsticks at one end and forks and knives at the other. D. Chopsticks are only made of all kinds of wood. C The competition among students today is quite fierce (激烈的). In my class, every student is very hard-working. But the funny thing is that they like to make efforts secretly. Last week, my friend looked very tired. When I went to look through his exercise book, I found that he actually finished more pages than most of us. We had no idea when he wrote it. During a lunch break, I happened to find him hiding in his quilt. I quietly got close to his bed and suddenly lifted his quilt. I found that he was secretly doing his homework, with a flash in his hand! After knowing that, our whole class started to study secretly without telling each other. We all pretended that we hadn’t done anything but work hard behind each other’s backs. Although our grades improved, we did not have the same pleasure and satisfaction of learning together as before. Schoolwork takes up most of our time, but we shouldn’t pay attention to one thing. We also need love, play and trust in each other. 8. The author’s friend is actually ________ under the quilt. A. studying secretly B. sleeping C. eating secretly D. playing with a torch 9. After all the students studied secretly, ________. A. their grades went down B. they were satisfied with the situation C. they didn’t enjoy the learning process D. they became less competitive than ever 10. What does the underlined word “pretend” mean in Chinese? A. 假装 B. 推断 C. 相信 D. 认为 11. We know that the author thinks ________. A. students should have their own interests B. students should focus on one thing at a time C. students should study behind each other’s backs D. students should compete in a healthy way D Young people can have problems with their minds. Some students become worried because they have to study very hard. Others have trouble getting on well with people like their parents and classmates. Liu Wei a Junior 2 student from Hefei, could not understand his teachers and was doing badly in his lessons. He became so worried about it that he started to cut his finger with a knife. Another student, 14-year-old Yan Fang from Guangzhou, was afraid of exams. She got very worried in one, and when she looked at the exam paper, she couldn’t think of anything to write. A recent report says about 18% of Shanghai teenagers have mental (心理的) problems. Their troubles include (包括) being worried and very unhappy and having problems in learning and getting on with people. Many students who have problems won’t go for advice or help. Some think they will look stupid (愚蠢的) if they go to see a doctor. Others don’t want to talk about their secrets. Liang Yuezhu, an expert on teenagers from Beijing Anding Hospital, has the following advice for teenagers: *Talk to your parents or teachers often. *Take part in group activities and play sports. *Go to see a doctor if you feel unhappy or unwell. 12. The students who often become worried or have trouble getting on with others may have ________. A. mental problems B. a headache C. knives with them D. no parents 13. Liu Wei cut his finger with a knife because ________. A. he was afraid of his teacher B. he wanted to frighten his parents C he was so worried about his studies D. his finger was badly hurt 14. Yan Fang’s problems happened whenever ________. A. she studied very hard B. she had exams C. she talked with her parents D. she thought of something 15. Students who have problems won’t ask others for help because ________. A. they won’t let others think they are stupid B. they don’t think doctors can help them C. they think the problems are not serious D. they have no secrets about others Ⅲ. Complete the Passage Choose the sentences to complete the passage. （Two sentences are extra. ）（10分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Every year, millions of birds are killed or hurt when they fly into buildings. Why does this happen? ___16___ Birds are flying into windows and tall buildings that are all covered by glass. Many birds fly from one place to another. Most of the time, they live in the wild, such as forests and wetlands. ___17___ They might see small trees and flowers inside a window and want to rest on these plants. The birds do not know there is glass between them and the plants. ___18___ Some birds fly at night. They use the moon and stars to help guide them in the right direction. Tall buildings with lights on at night can confuse (迷惑) the birds. ___19___ The birds see the light, but they cannot tell that the light is coming from inside a building. They fly toward the light and crash into a building. On many mornings, there might be several dead birds lying on the ground. ___20___ Many office buildings now turn off their lights at night. This helps reduce the number of birds that fly into buildings and it also helps save energy. A. The answer is glass. B. People are trying to solve the problem. C. These birds have no idea what glass is. D. As a result, they fly right into the glass. E. In this way, they can avoid crashing into glass. F. People don’t know how to deal with the problem. G. This is a big problem, especially on foggy and rainy nights. IV. Cloze Test Choose the best answer to complete the passage. （10分） The Silk Road is a historically important international trade route (路线) between China and the Mediterranean (地中海). It started ___21___ the Western Han Dynasty and has been a ___22___ between the East and the West for over 2,000 years. The route started from Chang’an (now Xi’an) and ___23___ in an Eastern European country. It was about 6,500 kilometres ___24___ and crossed one-fourth of the planet. The Silk Road got its name ___25___ Chinese silk used to be carried along this route. Silk, jade (玉), ceramics (陶瓷制品) and iron went West to Rome. And from the West came glass, gems (宝石) and food ___26___ carrots and sesame (芝麻). The Silk Road was very important to both China and the ___27___ of the world. It was more than an ancient international trade route. ___28___ about art, science and literature, as well as crafts (工艺) and technologies was ___29___, thanks to the Silk Road. In this way, languages and cultures developed fast and influenced each other. Today, along the Silk Road there’re many places of _____30_____, such as the Terracotta Warriors in Xi’an and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang. 21. A. at B. on C. during D. through 22. A. bridge B. river C. building D. machine 23. A. came B. ended C. started D. returned 24. A. high B. deep C. long D. low 25 A. so B. but C. and D. because 26. A. like B. as C. for D. over 27. A. first B. last C. rest D. best 28. A. Money B. Space C. Friendship D. Knowledge 29. A. compared B. invented C. shared D. refused 30. A. interest B. tradition C. secret D. question 第二节 非选择题 V. Grammatical Filling Fill in each blank with a proper form of the word given or a proper word. （20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Once upon a time, an eagle（老鹰）was ____31____（fly）in the sky when he suddenly saw a beautiful hen. The eagle came near the hen and said, “My pretty hen, I love you. Will you be my wife?” The hen was scared for the eagle was so strong. Her husband, the cock, had gone out to look for food and her kids had gone away somewhere to play with other ____32____（child）. The hen quickly answered, “I’m willing to be, but let me first grow wings like yours, so I can fly as high as you.” The eagle replied, “OK! This ring is ____33____ you as a sign of our betrothal（订婚）. Tie it around your neck till I return.” The hen agreed ____34____（do）so, and the eagle flew away. When the cock met the hen the next day, he was very ____35____（surprise）to see the ring around her neck. He said, “Where did you get that ring? Throw it away immediately.” The hen did this and the cock was cheerful again. But at the weekend the eagle came back. ____36____ frightened hen hid herself behind her door but the eagle soon found her. Suddenly he cried, “Where ____37____（be）the ring that I gave you? Why are you not wearing it?” The hen was very scared and said, “Forgive me. I lost it yesterday. I was walking in the garden when I met a large snake. I was ____38____ frightened that I ran fast. When I got home, I couldn’t find it.” The eagle looked at the hen ____39____（angry）and said, “I don’t believe you. You have hurt me. I will punish you. ____40____ you don’t marry me, I will snatch away（抢走） all your chickens from you. But I will promise to forgive you only if you find my ring. Goodbye!” Ever since, all the hens in the world have been scratching the ground to find the eagle’s ring. VI. Reading Expression （10分） 根据短文内容，用符合语意及语法规则的词填空。 Many of us now live in gated communities（封闭式社区）. Only people who live there can go freely inside, and only their cars can pass through the gates. But are you hoping for a more open and convenient environment? When gates and walls are gone, everyone can enjoy a city with bigger green areas for picnics and more cafes and bookstores to meet your friends. Turning gated communities into blocks is one way to achieve this, according to the Chinese government. On Feb. 21, China said that gated communities should be open to the public. Open communities have already become popular in many cities of other countries, like Paris, France, and New York City, US. There, the roads, shops and green areas are for everyone. Another good change that blocks may bring is better traffic in cities, according to Professor Li Hongchang from Beijing Jiaotong University. There will be more roads open to the public. And more people may choose to walk father than drive cars because they don’t need to take a long way to get around those gated communities. The Chinese government explains that the opening will be carried out step by step and more detailed（详细的）plans will come out in the future. Also, they have been testing blocks in some areas in Chengdu, Sichuan, and so far it has been working well. 41. People aren’t _________ to go inside gated communities freely except someone who lives there. Without gates or walls, people can enjoy a more open and _________ environment. 42. The Chinese government announced that gated communities should be _________ to the public and turning gated communities into _________ is one way to achieve this. 43. In many cities of other countries, open communities have already become _________. They _________ the roads, shops and green areas for everyone. 44. There are _________ advantages of turning gated communities into open ones and more people may choose to walk instead of _________ cars. 45. The Chinese government says that we can’t carry out the opening at _________. We need to make more detailed _________ in the future. Ⅶ Writing（15分） 46. 无奋斗，不青春！某英文网站正在开展以“越努力越幸福( The Harder I Work, the Happier I Will Be)”为主题的征文活动。请你用英文写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你在初中生活中的一个小目标是什么？你是如何努力去实现的？以及你从中学到了什么？ 提示词语：set a goal, work hard, make a plan, helpful, proud, succeed 要求： 1.语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范； 2.必须包含所给提示，可适当发挥； 3.文中不得出现真实人名、校名或地名； 4.词数：100词左右。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$