精品解析：山东省日照市2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题

2022级高二下学期期中校际联合考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man like about the store? A．Its location. B．Its service. C．Its goods. 2．What will the woman do next? A．Dry her hair. B．Wash her hair. C．Take a shower. 3．When will the speakers probably start sailing tomorrow? A．In the early morning. B．Around noon. C．At midnight. 4．Who is Nolan probably? A．The speakers’ kid B．The speakers’ teacher. C．The speakers’ friend. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．Fruits. B．Sweets. C．Vegetables. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When was the woman probably born? A．In 1991. B．In 1992. C．In 1993. 7．What type of music are the speakers listening to now? A．Rock music. B．Rap music. C．Pop music. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．How did the man get to Edinburgh? A．By bus. B．By car. C．By train. 9．What nationality are the speakers probably? A．British. B．German. C．American. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why doesn’t the woman worry about AI art software? A．Her clients prefer human creations. B．It produces low-quality art works. C．She doesn’t work in the art industry. 11．What does Marissa do? A．A photographer. B．A cartoonist. C．An art collector. 12．What is the potential problem of AI tools according to the speakers? A．Their costs are increasing. B．They can’t identify mistakes. C．They will soon go out of use. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a café. B．At a gym. C．In a classroom. 14．What is the man learning to do now? A．Draw pictures. B．Paint his garden. C．Create mini landscapes. 15．How did the man probably feel while introducing his hobby? A．Amused. B．Embarrassed. C．Proud. 16．Why does the woman support the man’s hobby? A．It may benefit his future career. B．It can help him fit in with friends. C．It will make him become famous. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Who is the speaker? A．A new boss. B．A retired manager. C．A young employee. 18．What happened to the company when the speaker was 20? A．It made many new policies. B．It was officially established. C．It expanded internationally. 19．How does the speaker describe his father’s character? A．Strict and fair. B．Flexible and understanding. C．Considerate and hardworking. 20．What is the most important to the speaker? A．The company’s goals. B．The employees’ benefits. C．Environmental protection. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Our recommended list of environmental books covers a broad range of topics These must-read environmental books are sure to spark the interest of the greenest books. Silent Spring Written by Rachel Carson, Silent Spring highlights the effects of pesticides (杀虫剂) on the environment, especially DDT, which was a very popular insecticide until it was finally banned in 1972. The book eventually led to a change in the United States’ pesticide policy and contributed to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. No One Is Too Small to Make a Difference. This book collects 11 speeches made by climate activist Greta Thunberg, highlighting the issue of climate change and its impact on future generations. Greta Thunberg was 15 when she started the School Strike for Climate, also known as Fridays for Future. She inspired protests worldwide. The Uninhabitable Earth This book by David Wallace Wells examines the disasters that have already occurred and looks ahead to the year 2100 and what climate change will do if we continue on our current path. Its opening line is incredibly telling: “It is worse much worse, than you think.” The End of Nature Published in 1989, the book describes the relationship between nature and humans. It expresses the idea that nature was previously independent of humans but has now been affected by them in every way. According to author Bill McKibben, the idea of wilderness is lost, and nature is no longer complete. 1. Which book brought the environment to the government’s attention? A. Silent Spring. B. The End of Nature. C. The Uninhabitable Earth. D. No One Is Too Small to Make a Difference. 2. What feeling does the author display in The Uninhabitable Earth? A. Curiosity. B. Concern. C. Annoyance. D. Disappointment. 3. Which of the following is Bill McKibben’s idea? A. Nature will not exist any longer. B. Wild animals are disappearing fast. C. Human activities are destroying nature. D. Climate change affects future generations. B In 2018, when Hemesh Chadalavada was 12 years old, his grandmother forgot to turn off the gas after she made herself a cup of tea. This experience caused Hemesh to invent the “Alpha Monitor”, a device designed for dementia (痴呆) patients. He started creating this device with whatever was at home, with the help of the internet. “The first model I built was a huge box. I learnt how to make a wearable device on the internet by learning which components to use and where I could source them in Hyderabad. I started with a hardware device, after which I learnt coding online and moved to machine learning and data science, to help me perfect my device,” he adds. The Alpha Monitor has two parts, one, a wearable watch-like device, and the second, an alarm which connects to it. “You attach the device to the patient. In case the patient throws it away or doesn’t like wearing it, you can just put it in a bag and fix it in their pocket or sock or wherever you like. Once you plug in the alarm, you will be warned for every tiny change in movement. As soon as the patient gets up or wanders away, it will warn the family members with a huge alarm sound,” says Hemesh. The wearable device monitors body temperature, pulse, and detects movement, falls and more. It works using a gyroscope sensor to detect even the slightest movement and health sensors for pulse and temperature. It works without Wi-Fi or bluetooth and has a range of 1-2k m, according to Hemesh. It can also be connected to an app for children staying far away to monitor their parents’ movements. “The happiest I’ve ever been is seeing how the device actually works for patients with Alzheimer’s. It gives me incredible happiness to see the small impact I’ve managed to create in the lives of these families,” smiles the youngster. 4. What can we learn about Hemesh from the first two paragraphs? A. He received little formal education. B. He had a strong self-learning ability. C. He invented the device to stop gas leaks. D. He got support from a computer engineer. 5. How does the Alpha Monitor warn people of patients’ movements? A. By speaking into their phones. B. By producing a loud noise. C. By making an emergency call. D. By announcing the time automatically. 6. What is a feature of the Alpha Monitor? A. It can analyze patients’ health data. B. It can prevent patients from falling down. C. It can track patients’ movements remotely. D. It can make a difference to patients’ recovery. 7. Which of the following can best describe Hemesh? A. Caring and creative. B. Generous and talented. C. Determined and honest. D. Independent and brave. C People who experienced trauma (精神创伤) as a child or adolescent were found to be 48 percent more likely to have serious and repeated headaches as an adult than those who had not experienced trauma in their early years, according to research published in the journal Neurology. The finding came from the analysis of data from 28 studies, involving 154,739 people. Overall, nearly one-third of the participants reported having experienced a traumatic event at least once before age 18, and 16 percent had been diagnosed as an adult with a primary headache disorder, which means that their headaches are the main problem, rather than a symptom (症状) of an underlying disease or condition. The researchers categorized traumatic events as either threat-based (such as physical or emotional abuse, witnessing or being threatened by violence, and serious family conflicts) or deprivation-based (including neglect, financial trouble, parents’ separation, divorce or death, and living in a household with mental illness, alcohol or substance abuse). Physical abuse and exposure to family violence were among the most commonly reported traumas. Of those who had experienced at least one traumatic event as a youth, 26 percent subsequently were diagnosed with primary headaches, compared with 12 percent of those who had not experienced trauma. As the number of traumatic events experienced by a child or adolescent increased, so did the odds of their having headaches later in life. For example, those who had experienced four or more traumatic events were more than twice as likely to have a head ache disorder. Also, certain traumas — physical abuse and neglect — were linked to greater risk for headaches than other types of trauma. The study found an association between trauma as a youth and headache disorder as an adult, rather than direct proof that one led to the other. But the researchers wrote that traumas experienced as a child or adolescent “are important risk factors for primary headache disorders in adulthood,” which one of the researchers described in a statement released by the American Academy of Neurology as “a risk factor that we cannot ignore.” 8. What does the research focus on? A. The different types of trauma experienced by children. B. The reasons why headaches are so common among adults. C. The influence that childhood experiences have on later life. D. The link between childhood trauma and headaches as an adult. 9. Which of the following traumatic events is described as deprivation-based? A. Witnessing violence. B. Physical abuse. C. The loss of a parent. D. Criticism from teachers. 10. What does the underlined word “odds” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Complexity. B. Frequency. C. Seriousness. D. Chance. 11. What do the researchers say about childhood trauma? A. It causes headaches. B. It deserves attention. C. It can be prevented. D. It can be life-threatening. D With its neatly arranged tables and shelves loaded with books written by women, Greta Livraria’s small space masks its big ambitions. Since opening this year, the bookstore in Lisbon has contributed its space entirely to promote a group that has, for the most part, been overlooked and undervalued by society: female authors. It is a “form of historical reparation (弥补)”, said Lorena Travassos, the founder of the store that aims to“address the longstanding gap in sales and publications faced by women”. It is the latest in a wave of bookshops that have sprung up across Europe to give voice to female authors, past and present. In Madrid, a 2017 crowdfunding campaign gave rise to Mujeres & Compañía, while in Berlin the bookshop She Said is devoted to books by female and queer authors (酷儿作家). Six years ago in Scotland, Rachel Wood launched a book subscription service, Rare Birds, in an effort to support women’s writing. Despite the fact that some of the world’s most talented writers are women, Wood had long felt that respect for women’s writing was insufficient. “I feel so passionately that women are writing such interesting and exciting things,” said Wood. “Rare Birds is an opportunity to share that with other people.” As interest in the subscription service grew—it now has members from more than 20 countries—a physical shop in Edinburgh soon followed. The shop’s 2021 opening illustrated the demand for a different kind of bookstore, and thousands of people visited on its first weekend. “Over and over, people tell us how exciting it feels to come into the bookstore and see every inch of shelf space devoted to women’s writing,” said Wood. “Visually, it’s very impactful. The space is designed to treat literal types typically viewed as “women’s interest” as equally as any other literature,” said Wood. Greta Livraria has become the heart of a community that gathers regularly at the store to celebrate its efforts to value diverse perspectives and carve out a literary landscape that better reflects society. 12. Why did Lorena Travassos found Greta Livraria? A. To create a community for book lovers. B. To provide a space for authors to gather. C. To help women writers get social attention. D. To encourage females to achieve their ambitions. 13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Women’s writing. B. Respect for writers. C. The book subscription service. D. Rachel Wood’s feeling. 14 What can we learn from Rachel Wood’s words in paragraph 4? A. More and more women are devoted to writing. B. Physical shops’ opening has contributed to book sales. C. The status of women’s literature has greatly improved. D. Bookstores filled with female writing are gaining popularity. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. New Bookstores Give Voice to Female Authors B. She Said: A Leader in Selling Female-authored Books C. Greta Livraria: A Pioneer in Promoting Literary Works D. Bookselling Campaigns Give Rise to the Diversity of Literature 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are an introverted (内向) person who tends to focus too much on yourself or stay quiet in public places, don’t feel annoyed. Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults. ____16____ The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. ____17____ Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully. In the introduction to her book, Cain shares a question she was asked all the time as a child: “Why are you so quiet?” It was usually asked out of concern, she noted. People took her silence as a sign of uneasiness or anger. In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings. ____18____ Cain says introverts make for the best listeners. As keen listeners, introverts can pick up on information that some extroverts might overlook. Unlike extroverts, introverts are not known for jumping to conclusions, and as a result, they tend to receive more attention and appreciation from audiences when they do speak. ____19____ However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own. “Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”____20____ A. Listening is one of the necessary skills in life. B. It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”. C. Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings. D. In some way, observing is more important than listening. E. However, leaders need such kinds of abilities to make decisions. F. But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking. G. This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nguyen Thi Thu is one of the few remaining artists practicing and constantly enhancing the traditional Vietnamese art of sculpting realistic-looking flowers out of papaya (番木瓜树) fruits. Thu became ____21____ in carving various flowers from papaya fruits at the age of 15, when she ____22____ a class on the art of sculpting fruit. She was fascinated by the ____23____ art form, but then she had to ____24____ to Russia and stayed there for 15 years. Thu couldn’t ____25____ her favorite art form because she was too busy working and had no ____26____ to green papayas. She ____27____ it with all sorts of other fruits and vegetables, but nothing was quite like the papaya she ____28____. When she returned to Hanoi in 2009, she ____29____ got back into papaya sculpting, and she has been practicing the art ever since. Over the years, Thu has ____30____ herself to carve various types of flowers, but her favourite by far is also one of the most ____31____, the chrysanthemum (菊花). Creating a single flower takes between 45 minutes and over an hour,____32____ the complexity of the design. “I often fall asleep thinking of how to ____33____ a certain flower, and then I get out of bed to practice,” Thu said. Apart from ____34____ her art form during various public events and creating delicate papaya flowers, Thu also holds classes in Hanoi, as a way of ____35____ the traditional art form. 21. A. confident B. interested C. expert D. talented 22. A. missed B. held C. quit D. took 23. A. traditional B. modern C. fashionable D. contemporary 24. A. return B. turn C. move D. adjust 25. A. appreciate B. practice C. change D. adopt 26. A. access B. reaction C. solution D. resistance 27. A. described B. imagined C. painted D. tried 28. A. grew B. offered C. knew D. bought 29. A. occasionally B. immediately C. randomly D. definitely 30. A. expected B. reminded C. forced D. taught 31. A. abstract B. expensive C. complicated D. fundamental 32. A. depending on B. accounting for C. focusing on D. calling for 33. A. plant B. sculpt C. feed D. invent 34. A. exhibiting B. judging C. updating D. transforming 35. A. replacing B. celebrating C. recovering D. preserving 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following Zibo barbecue and Harbin frozen pear, here comes Tianshui malatang. Tianshui, ____36____ ancient Silk Road city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the latest place that has caused a nationwide craze thanks to its iconic (标志性的) dish malatang, a local street dish featuring a mix of fresh vegetables and meat ____37____ (boil) in a hot, spicy soup. As the name malatang suggests—____38____ (literal) meaning “numbing, spicy, and hot” —this local food is noted for its distinctive, fiery taste. In February, a netizen from Tianshui ____39____ (post) a selfie video of local malatang on popular social media platform Douyin. The ____40____ (attract) color of the food soon helped the video receive 1 million likes, sparking desires among internet users and drawing food enthusiasts ____41____ the city to experience this inviting dish firsthand. Tianshui, ____42____ meaning is “water from the heaven”, has little rainfall, sufficient sunlight, and large temperature differences, ____43____ (produce) seasonings with good taste and high quality. Local-produced ingredients such as Gangu chili, Qin’an peppercorns, and Dingxi potatoes are the secrets to the unique flavor and appealing ____44____ (appear) of Tianshui malatang. There are also many other local agricultural products such as Kangxian mushrooms. It is these authentic ingredients that lay out the foundation for Tianshui malatang _____45_____ (stand) out. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“走进社区”社会实践活动，请你向校英文报投稿，介绍本次活动。内容包括： 1.活动内容； 2.活动感受。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Community-based Social Practice Activity ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was an average student in my early elementary years. I came home with a steady flow of B’s, C’s and the occasional F’s in second language subjects. I was told that I wasn’t applying myself and, as every report card I ever brought home clearly stated, I talked too much. I didn’t write when I was supposed to write. I talked to others while the teacher was giving instructions. That I could recite what she had said to the class while I was talking was not helpful because I had a negative effect on my classmates’ learning. So I regularly brought home disappointing report cards. My parents and my teachers didn’t know what to do with me. Punishments didn’t seem to work. Rewards didn’t seem to either. And, frankly, I don’t think I knew what I could do to “apply myself”. And I certainly didn’t know how to not enjoy talking with my classmates! What I knew was that I talked too much. Until grade 5. That autumn, we had a sudden change in teachers as our elderly teacher took a medical leave. In his place, a young substitute (代课老师) arrived — Mrs Royal. She looked like she was freshly out of university and seemed too young to be cast in the role of being responsible for a class of tween, but there she was, charged with a lively group, and me. I don’t remember many details of that year except the afternoon when I got my first report card from her. She handed out the report cards right after the afternoon break and invited us to look them over. Then she let us know that we could all talk quietly amongst ourselves while she called each student up one at a time, in alphabetical order (按字母顺序), to discuss our report cards with her. 注意： 1.续写词数应150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked over my report card, expecting the usual result. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then it was my turn to talk with her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1—5BCAAB 6—10ACBCA 11—15BBACB 16—20 AACCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2022级高二下学期期中校际联合考试 英语试题 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man like about the store? A．Its location. B．Its service. C．Its goods. 2．What will the woman do next? A．Dry her hair. B．Wash her hair. C．Take a shower. 3．When will the speakers probably start sailing tomorrow? A．In the early morning. B．Around noon. C．At midnight. 4．Who is Nolan probably? A．The speakers’ kid. B．The speakers’ teacher. C．The speakers’ friend. 5．What are the speakers talking about? A．Fruits B．Sweets. C．Vegetables. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．When was the woman probably born? A．In 1991. B．In 1992. C．In 1993. 7．What type of music are the speakers listening to now? A．Rock music. B．Rap music. C．Pop music. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．How did the man get to Edinburgh? A．By bus. B．By car. C．By train. 9．What nationality are the speakers probably? A．British. B．German. C．American. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Why doesn’t the woman worry about AI art software? A．Her clients prefer human creations. B．It produces low-quality art works. C．She doesn’t work in the art industry. 11．What does Marissa do? A．A photographer. B．A cartoonist. C．An art collector. 12．What is the potential problem of AI tools according to the speakers? A．Their costs are increasing. B．They can’t identify mistakes. C．They will soon go out of use. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a café. B．At a gym. C．In a classroom. 14．What is the man learning to do now? A．Draw pictures. B．Paint his garden. C．Create mini landscapes. 15．How did the man probably feel while introducing his hobby? A．Amused. B．Embarrassed. C．Proud. 16．Why does the woman support the man’s hobby? A．It may benefit his future career. B．It can help him fit in with friends. C．It will make him become famous. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．Who is the speaker? A．A new boss. B．A retired manager. C．A young employee. 18．What happened to the company when the speaker was 20? A．It made many new policies. B．It was officially established. C．It expanded internationally. 19．How does the speaker describe his father’s character? A．Strict and fair. B．Flexible and understanding. C．Considerate and hardworking. 20．What is the most important to the speaker? A．The company’s goals. B．The employees’ benefits. C．Environmental protection. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Our recommended list of environmental books covers a broad range of topics. These must-read environmental books are sure to spark the interest of the greenest books. Silent Spring Written by Rachel Carson, Silent Spring highlights the effects of pesticides (杀虫剂) on the environment, especially DDT, which was a very popular insecticide until it was finally banned in 1972. The book eventually led to a change in the United States’ pesticide policy and contributed to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. No One Is Too Small to Make a Difference. This book collects 11 speeches made by climate activist Greta Thunberg, highlighting the issue of climate change and its impact on future generations. Greta Thunberg was 15 when she started the School Strike for Climate, also known as Fridays for Future. She inspired protests worldwide. The Uninhabitable Earth This book by David Wallace Wells examines the disasters that have already occurred and looks ahead to the year 2100 and what climate change will do if we continue on our current path. Its opening line is incredibly telling: “It is worse, much worse, than you think.” The End of Nature Published in 1989, the book describes the relationship between nature and humans. It expresses the idea that nature was previously independent of humans but has now been affected by them in every way. According to author Bill McKibben, the idea of wilderness is lost, and nature is no longer complete. 1. Which book brought the environment to the government’s attention? A. Silent Spring. B. The End of Nature. C. The Uninhabitable Earth. D. No One Is Too Small to Make a Difference. 2. What feeling does the author display in The Uninhabitable Earth? A. Curiosity. B. Concern. C. Annoyance. D. Disappointment. 3. Which of the following is Bill McKibben’s idea? A. Nature will not exist any longer. B. Wild animals are disappearing fast. C. Human activities are destroying nature. D. Climate change affects future generations. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一系列关于环境保护的书籍，并对每本书进行了简短的介绍和评价。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Silent Spring下的“Written by Rachel Carson, Silent Spring highlights the effects of pesticides (杀虫剂) on the environment, especially DDT, which was a very popular insecticide until it was finally banned in 1972. The book eventually led to a change in the United States’ pesticide policy and contributed to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency.(《寂静的春天》的作者蕾切尔·卡森强调了农药对环境的影响，尤其是DDT，它是一种非常受欢迎的杀虫剂，直到1972年才最终被禁止。这本书最终改变了美国的农药政策，并促成了环境保护署的成立)”可知，《寂静的春天》引起了政府对环境问题的关注。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据The Uninhabitable Earth下的“This book by David Wallace Wells examines the disasters that have already occurred and looks ahead to the year 2100 and what climate change will do if we continue on our current path. Its opening line is incredibly telling: “It is worse, much worse, than you think.”(大卫·华莱士·威尔斯的这本书审视了已经发生的灾难，展望了2100年，以及如果我们继续目前的道路，气候变化将会带来什么。它的开场白令人难以置信：“情况比你想象的更糟，糟糕得多。”)”可知，作者在《不宜居住的地球》中说情况比你想象的更糟，表达了他担忧的感受。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据The End of Nature下的“Published in 1989, the book describes the relationship between nature and humans. It expresses the idea that nature was previously independent of humans but has now been affected by them in every way. According to author Bill McKibben, the idea of wilderness is lost, and nature is no longer complete.(这本书出版于1989年，描述了自然与人类之间的关系。它表达了这样一种观点：大自然以前是独立于人类的，但现在在各个方面都受到了人类的影响。根据作家比尔·麦基本的说法，荒野的概念已经消失，自然也不再完整)”可知，比尔·麦基本认为人类活动正在破坏自然。故选C项。 B In 2018, when Hemesh Chadalavada was 12 years old, his grandmother forgot to turn off the gas after she made herself a cup of tea. This experience caused Hemesh to invent the “Alpha Monitor”, a device designed for dementia (痴呆) patients. He started creating this device with whatever was at home, with the help of the internet. “The first model I built was a huge box. I learnt how to make a wearable device on the internet by learning which components to use and where I could source them in Hyderabad. I started with a hardware device, after which I learnt coding online and moved to machine learning and data science, to help me perfect my device,” he adds. The Alpha Monitor has two parts, one, a wearable watch-like device, and the second, an alarm which connects to it. “You attach the device to the patient. In case the patient throws it away or doesn’t like wearing it, you can just put it in a bag and fix it in their pocket or sock or wherever you like. Once you plug in the alarm, you will be warned for every tiny change in movement. As soon as the patient gets up or wanders away, it will warn the family members with a huge alarm sound,” says Hemesh. The wearable device monitors body temperature, pulse, and detects movement, falls and more. It works using a gyroscope sensor to detect even the slightest movement and health sensors for pulse and temperature. It works without Wi-Fi or bluetooth and has a range of 1-2k m, according to Hemesh. It can also be connected to an app for children staying far away to monitor their parents’ movements. “The happiest I’ve ever been is seeing how the device actually works for patients with Alzheimer’s. It gives me incredible happiness to see the small impact I’ve managed to create in the lives of these families,” smiles the youngster. 4. What can we learn about Hemesh from the first two paragraphs? A. He received little formal education. B. He had a strong self-learning ability. C. He invented the device to stop gas leaks. D. He got support from a computer engineer. 5. How does the Alpha Monitor warn people of patients’ movements? A. By speaking into their phones. B. By producing a loud noise. C. By making an emergency call. D. By announcing the time automatically. 6. What is a feature of the Alpha Monitor? A. It can analyze patients’ health data. B. It can prevent patients from falling down. C. It can track patients’ movements remotely. D. It can make a difference to patients’ recovery. 7. Which of the following can best describe Hemesh? A. Caring and creative. B. Generous and talented. C. Determined and honest. D. Independent and brave. 【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。详细描述了一个12岁的少年Hemesh Chadalavada发明了一种名为“Alpha Monitor”的设备，旨在帮助痴呆患者。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“He started creating this device with whatever was at home, with the help of the internet. “The first model I built was a huge box. I learnt how to make a wearable device on the internet by learning which components to use and where I could source them in Hyderabad. I started with a hardware device, after which I learnt coding online and moved to machine learning and data science, to help me perfect my device,” he adds.(在互联网的帮助下，他开始用家里的任何东西创造这个设备。“我做的第一个模型是一个巨大的盒子。我在互联网上学习了如何制作可穿戴设备，学习了使用哪些组件，以及在海德拉巴哪里可以找到这些组件。我从一个硬件设备开始，之后我在网上学习编程，然后转向机器学习和数据科学，以帮助我完善我的设备，”他补充道)”可知，一切都是Hemesh Chadalavada在网上自学的，所以他的自学能力很强。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The Alpha Monitor has two parts, one, a wearable watch-like device, and the second, an alarm which connects to it. “You attach the device to the patient. In case the patient throws it away or doesn’t like wearing it, you can just put it in a bag and fix it in their pocket or sock or wherever you like. Once you plug in the alarm, you will be warned for every tiny change in movement. As soon as the patient gets up or wanders away, it will warn the family members with a huge alarm sound,” says Hemesh.(Alpha Monitor有两部分，一部分是类似手表的可穿戴设备，另一部分是与之相连的闹钟。他说：“你把这个装置连接到病人身上。如果病人把它扔掉或者不喜欢戴，你可以把它放在一个袋子里，然后把它固定在他们的口袋或袜子里，或者任何你喜欢的地方。一旦你插上闹钟，你的每一个微小的运动变化都会得到警告。一旦病人起身或走开，它就会发出巨大的警报声来警告家人，”Hemesh说)”可知，阿尔法监测器是通过产生巨大的噪音提醒人们注意病人的动作。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The wearable device monitors body temperature, pulse, and detects movement, falls and more. It works using a gyroscope sensor to detect even the slightest movement and health sensors for pulse and temperature. It works without Wi-Fi or bluetooth and has a range of 1-2k m, according to Hemesh. It can also be connected to an app for children staying far away to monitor their parents’ movements.(这种可穿戴设备可以监测体温、脉搏，并检测运动、跌倒等。它使用陀螺仪传感器来检测最轻微的运动，使用健康传感器来检测脉搏和温度。据Hemesh介绍，它可以在没有Wi-Fi或蓝牙的情况下工作，覆盖范围为1-2k米。它还可以连接到一个应用程序，供离家很远的孩子监控父母的活动)”可知，阿尔法监视器的特性是它可以远程跟踪病人的动作。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“In 2018, when Hemesh Chadalavada was 12 years old, his grandmother forgot to turn off the gas after she made herself a cup of tea. This experience caused Hemesh to invent the “Alpha Monitor”, a device designed for dementia (痴呆) patients.(2018年，当Hemesh Chadalavada 12岁时，他的祖母在给自己泡了一杯茶后忘记关煤气。这一经历促使Hemesh发明了“阿尔法监测器”，这是一种为痴呆症患者设计的设备)”可知，看到祖母忘记关煤气，促使他为痴呆症患者设计设备，说明他是有爱心的，根据第二段“He started creating this device with whatever was at home, with the help of the internet. “The first model I built was a huge box. I learnt how to make a wearable device on the internet by learning which components to use and where I could source them in Hyderabad. I started with a hardware device, after which I learnt coding online and moved to machine learning and data science, to help me perfect my device,” he adds.(在互联网的帮助下，他开始用家里的任何东西创造这个设备。“我做的第一个模型是一个巨大的盒子。我在互联网上学习了如何制作可穿戴设备，学习了使用哪些组件，以及在海德拉巴哪里可以找到这些组件。我从一个硬件设备开始，之后我在网上学习编程，然后转向机器学习和数据科学，以帮助我完善我的设备，”他补充道)”可知，一切都是Hemesh Chadalavada在网上自学并且发明的，所以他是有创造力。故选A项。 C People who experienced trauma (精神创伤) as a child or adolescent were found to be 48 percent more likely to have serious and repeated headaches as an adult than those who had not experienced trauma in their early years, according to research published in the journal Neurology. The finding came from the analysis of data from 28 studies, involving 154,739 people. Overall, nearly one-third of the participants reported having experienced a traumatic event at least once before age 18, and 16 percent had been diagnosed as an adult with a primary headache disorder, which means that their headaches are the main problem, rather than a symptom (症状) of an underlying disease or condition. The researchers categorized traumatic events as either threat-based (such as physical or emotional abuse, witnessing or being threatened by violence, and serious family conflicts) or deprivation-based (including neglect, financial trouble, parents’ separation, divorce or death, and living in a household with mental illness, alcohol or substance abuse). Physical abuse and exposure to family violence were among the most commonly reported traumas. Of those who had experienced at least one traumatic event as a youth, 26 percent subsequently were diagnosed with primary headaches, compared with 12 percent of those who had not experienced trauma. As the number of traumatic events experienced by a child or adolescent increased, so did the odds of their having headaches later in life. For example, those who had experienced four or more traumatic events were more than twice as likely to have a head ache disorder. Also, certain traumas — physical abuse and neglect — were linked to greater risk for headaches than other types of trauma. The study found an association between trauma as a youth and headache disorder as an adult, rather than direct proof that one led to the other. But the researchers wrote that traumas experienced as a child or adolescent “are important risk factors for primary headache disorders in adulthood,” which one of the researchers described in a statement released by the American Academy of Neurology as “a risk factor that we cannot ignore.” 8. What does the research focus on? A. The different types of trauma experienced by children. B. The reasons why headaches are so common among adults. C. The influence that childhood experiences have on later life. D. The link between childhood trauma and headaches as an adult. 9. Which of the following traumatic events is described as deprivation-based? A. Witnessing violence. B. Physical abuse. C. The loss of a parent. D. Criticism from teachers. 10. What does the underlined word “odds” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Complexity. B. Frequency. C. Seriousness. D. Chance. 11. What do the researchers say about childhood trauma? A. It causes headaches. B. It deserves attention. C. It can be prevented. D. It can be life-threatening. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于儿时或青少年时期经历精神创伤与成年后反复严重头痛之间的关联性的一项研究，研究结果显示在儿童或青少年时期经历过精神创伤的人成年后患严重和反复头痛的可能性比那些早年没有经历过创伤的人高48%。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“People who experienced trauma (精神创伤) as a child or adolescent were found to be 48 percent more likely to have serious and repeated headaches as an adult than those who had not experienced trauma in their early years, according to research published in the journal Neurology.(发表在《神经病学》杂志上的一项研究发现，在儿童或青少年时期经历过创伤的人，成年后出现严重和反复头痛的可能性比那些早年没有经历过创伤的人高48%)”以及最后一段“The study found an association between trauma as a youth and headache disorder as an adult, rather than direct proof that one led to the other.(该研究发现，青少年时期的创伤与成年后的头痛疾病之间存在联系，而不是直接证明两者之间存在因果关系)”可知，研究的重点是童年创伤和成年后头痛之间的联系。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The researchers categorized traumatic events as either threat-based (such as physical or emotional abuse, witnessing or being threatened by violence, and serious family conflicts) or deprivation-based (including neglect, financial trouble, parents’ separation, divorce or death, and living in a household with mental illness, alcohol or substance abuse).(研究人员将创伤性事件归类为基于威胁的（如身体或情感虐待，目睹或受到暴力威胁，严重的家庭冲突）或基于剥夺的（包括忽视，经济问题，父母分居，离婚或死亡，生活在一个有精神疾病，酗酒或滥用药物的家庭中）)”可知，父母死亡被描述为基于剥夺的创伤性事件。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据后文“For example, those who had experienced four or more traumatic events were more than twice as likely to have a head ache disorder.(例如，那些经历过四次或更多创伤事件的人患头痛疾病的可能性是常人的两倍多)”可知，划线词所在句“As the number of traumatic events experienced by a child or adolescent increased, so did the odds of their having headaches later in life.(随着儿童或青少年经历的创伤事件数量的增加，他们在以后的生活中患头痛的odds也会增加。)”表达的意思是：青少年经历的创伤事件数量的增加，他们在以后的生活中患头痛的可能性也会增加；odds应是“可能性，几率”之意，和D项“Chance”意思一致。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But the researchers wrote that traumas experienced as a child or adolescent “are important risk factors for primary headache disorders in adulthood,” which one of the researchers described in a statement released by the American Academy of Neurology as “a risk factor that we cannot ignore.”(但研究人员写道，儿童或青少年时期经历的创伤‘是成年后原发性头痛疾病的重要风险因素’，其中一名研究人员在美国神经病学学会发表的一份声明中称，这是‘我们不能忽视的风险因素’)”可知，研究人员认为童年创伤是成年后原发性头痛疾病的重要风险因素，是我们不能忽视的风险因素，值得关注。故选B项。 D With its neatly arranged tables and shelves loaded with books written by women, Greta Livraria’s small space masks its big ambitions. Since opening this year, the bookstore in Lisbon has contributed its space entirely to promote a group that has, for the most part, been overlooked and undervalued by society: female authors. It is a “form of historical reparation (弥补)”, said Lorena Travassos, the founder of the store that aims to“address the longstanding gap in sales and publications faced by women”. It is the latest in a wave of bookshops that have sprung up across Europe to give voice to female authors, past and present. In Madrid, a 2017 crowdfunding campaign gave rise to Mujeres & Compañía, while in Berlin the bookshop She Said is devoted to books by female and queer authors (酷儿作家). Six years ago in Scotland, Rachel Wood launched a book subscription service, Rare Birds, in an effort to support women’s writing. Despite the fact that some of the world’s most talented writers are women, Wood had long felt that respect for women’s writing was insufficient. “I feel so passionately that women are writing such interesting and exciting things,” said Wood. “Rare Birds is an opportunity to share that with other people.” As interest in the subscription service grew—it now has members from more than 20 countries—a physical shop in Edinburgh soon followed. The shop’s 2021 opening illustrated the demand for a different kind of bookstore, and thousands of people visited on its first weekend. “Over and over, people tell us how exciting it feels to come into the bookstore and see every inch of shelf space devoted to women’s writing,” said Wood. “Visually, it’s very impactful. The space is designed to treat literal types typically viewed as “women’s interest” as equally as any other literature,” said Wood. Greta Livraria has become the heart of a community that gathers regularly at the store to celebrate its efforts to value diverse perspectives and carve out a literary landscape that better reflects society. 12. Why did Lorena Travassos found Greta Livraria? A. To create a community for book lovers. B. To provide a space for authors to gather. C. To help women writers get social attention. D. To encourage females to achieve their ambitions. 13. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Women’s writing. B. Respect for writers. C. The book subscription service. D. Rachel Wood’s feeling. 14. What can we learn from Rachel Wood’s words in paragraph 4? A. More and more women are devoted to writing. B. Physical shops’ opening has contributed to book sales. C. The status of women’s literature has greatly improved. D. Bookstores filled with female writing are gaining popularity. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. New Bookstores Give Voice to Female Authors B. She Said: A Leader in Selling Female-authored Books C. Greta Livraria: A Pioneer in Promoting Literary Works D. Bookselling Campaigns Give Rise to the Diversity of Literature 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了一些书店致力于为一个被社会忽视和低估的群体：女性作家发声，并为之所做出的努力。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Since opening this year, the bookstore in Lisbon has contributed its space entirely to promote a group that has, for the most part, been overlooked and undervalued by society: female authors.(自今年开业以来，这家位于里斯本的书店一直致力于推广一个在很大程度上被社会忽视和低估的群体:女性作家。)”以及第二段中“It is the latest in a wave of bookshops that have sp rung up across Europe to give voice to female authors, past and present.(这是欧洲各地兴起的为过去和现在的女性作家发声的书店浪潮中最新的一家。)”可知，Lorena Travassos建立Greta Livraria这家书店的目的是帮助女性作家得到社会的关注。故选C。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第三段第一句“Six years ago in Scotland, Rachel Wood launched a book subscription service, Rare Birds, in an effort to support women’s writing.(六年前，在苏格兰， Rachel Wood推出了一项图书订阅服务Rare Birds，以支持女性写作。)”以及划线词之前““I feel so passionately that women are writing such interesting and exciting things,” said Wood. “Rare Birds is an opportunity to share(“看到女性写出如此有趣和令人兴奋的东西，我感到非常激动。”Wood说。“Rare Birds是一个分享的机会)”可知，因为看到女性写出的东西非常有趣和令人兴奋，所以Rachel Wood推出了一项图书订阅服务Rare Birds，希望通过这种方式来分享女性作品，所以此处划线词that指代的是女性作品。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The shop’s 2021 opening illustrated the demand for a different kind of bookstore, and thousands of people visited on its first weekend. “Over and over, people tell us how exciting it feels to come into the bookstore and see every inch of shelf space devoted to women’s writing,” said Wood. “Visually, it’s very impactful.(这家书店于2021年开业，说明了人们对一种不同类型书店的需求，开张第一个周末就有数千人前来参观。Wood说：“一遍又一遍，人们告诉我们，走进书店，看到书架上的每一寸都是女性写作，感觉多么兴奋。从视觉上看，它非常有影响力。)”可知摆满女性作品的书店越来越受到欢迎。故选D。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“With its neatly arranged tables and shelves loaded with books written by women, Greta Livraria’s small space masks its big ambitions. Since opening this year, the bookstore in Lisbon has contributed its space entirely to promote a group that has, for the most part, been overlooked and undervalued by society: female authors.(摆放整齐的桌子和架子上摆满了女性作家写的书，Greta Livraria的小空间掩盖了它的远大抱负。自今年开业以来，这家位于里斯本的书店一直致力于推广一个在很大程度上被社会忽视和低估的群体:女性作家。)”以及文章其他段落内容可知，本文主要讲述了一些书店致力于为一个被社会忽视和低估的群体：女性作家发声，并为之所做出的努力，所以A项New Bookstores Give Voice to Female Authors(新书店为女性作家发声)最能概括文章主旨大意，作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you are an introverted (内向) person who tends to focus too much on yourself or stay quiet in public places, don’t feel annoyed. Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults. ____16____ The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. ____17____ Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully. In the introduction to her book, Cain shares a question she was asked all the time as a child: “Why are you so quiet?” It was usually asked out of concern, she noted. People took her silence as a sign of uneasiness or anger. In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings. ____18____ Cain says introverts make for the best listeners. As keen listeners, introverts can pick up on information that some extroverts might overlook. Unlike extroverts, introverts are not known for jumping to conclusions, and as a result, they tend to receive more attention and appreciation from audiences when they do speak. ____19____ However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own. “Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”____20____ A. Listening is one of the necessary skills in life. B. It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”. C. Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings. D. In some way, observing is more important than listening. E. However, leaders need such kinds of abilities to make decisions. F. But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking. G This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了内向者(或称为“内向性格的人”)的优势和成长潜力。 【16题详解】 上文“Bestselling author Susan Cain says that supporting introverts during childhood can help shape them into high-achieving adults.(畅销书作家苏珊·凯恩说，在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长为成就卓越的成年人)”提出在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长，B项“It starts with recognizing their “hidden strengths”.(首先要认识到他们“隐藏的优势”)”承接上文，介绍如何支持他们：认识到他们“隐藏的优势”。第二段“The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts. 2 Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征。 2 。相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”对B项中“隐藏的优势”进行了详细说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 【17题详解】 上文“The traditional model of leaders is seen as outgoing, talkative and brave — all typical features of extroverts.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征)”介绍对领导模式的传统认知，下文“Instead, it is believed that true leaders are driven by a desire to advance ideas and new ways of seeing the world or to improve conditions for a group of people. Moreover, “calm leaders” can resolve problems more effectively and better identify which risks are worth taking, thanks to their ability to deal with information and make decisions more carefully.(相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”提出另一种看法，“冷静的领导者”才是真正的领导者，上下文有转换关系。F项“But leadership doesn’t need to be quite social or attention-seeking.(但领导力并不需要非常社交化或引人注目)”承上启下，引出下文。故选F项。 【18题详解】 上文“In fact, she was just listening and observing her surroundings.(事实上，她只是在倾听和观察她周围的环境)”中凯恩解释自己只是在倾听，A项“Listening is one of the necessary skills in life.(倾听是生活中必要的技能之一)”承接上文，说明倾听的重要性，上下文语意一致。故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“However, introverts tend to contribute their best work and ideas on their own.(然而，内向的人倾向于自己贡献他们最好的工作和想法)”可知，上下文有转折关系。下文讲内向的人的优势，与C项“Extroverts are known to perform well in group settings.(众所周知，外向的人在群体环境中表现良好)”讲外向的人的长处，上下文形成对比转折关系。故选C项。 【20题详解】 上文““Introverts have an impressive ability to be independent,” Cain wrote. “We find strength in solitude (孤独) and are able to use our precious alone time to focus and concentrate.”(“内向的人有令人印象深刻的独立能力，”凯恩写道。“我们在孤独中找到力量，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。”)”中凯恩介绍了内向的人的特质：具有独立能力，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。G项“This is why pushing introverted kids to do group projects ends up backfiring.(这就是为什么强迫内向的孩子做小组项目最终会适得其反)”承接上文，说明因为这一特质，就不能强迫内向的孩子做小组项目，上下文语意一致。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nguyen Thi Thu is one of the few remaining artists practicing and constantly enhancing the traditional Vietnamese art of sculpting realistic-looking flowers out of papaya (番木瓜树) fruits. Thu became ____21____ in carving various flowers from papaya fruits at the age of 15, when she ____22____ a class on the art of sculpting fruit. She was fascinated by the ____23____ art form, but then she had to ____24____ to Russia and stayed there for 15 years. Thu couldn’t ____25____ her favorite art form because she was too busy working and had no ____26____ to green papayas. She ____27____ it with all sorts of other fruits and vegetables, but nothing was quite like the papaya she ____28____. When she returned to Hanoi in 2009, she ____29____ got back into papaya sculpting, and she has been practicing the art ever since. Over the years, Thu has ____30____ herself to carve various types of flowers, but her favourite by far is also one of the most ____31____, the chrysanthemum (菊花). Creating a single flower takes between 45 minutes and over an hour,____32____ the complexity of the design. “I often fall asleep thinking of how to ____33____ a certain flower, and then I get out of bed to practice,” Thu said. Apart from ____34____ her art form during various public events and creating delicate papaya flowers, Thu also holds classes in Hanoi, as a way of ____35____ the traditional art form. 21. A. confident B. interested C. expert D. talented 22. A. missed B. held C. quit D. took 23. A. traditional B. modern C. fashionable D. contemporary 24. A. return B. turn C. move D. adjust 25. A. appreciate B. practice C. change D. adopt 26. A. access B. reaction C. solution D. resistance 27. A. described B. imagined C. painted D. tried 28. A. grew B. offered C. knew D. bought 29. A. occasionally B. immediately C. randomly D. definitely 30. A. expected B. reminded C. forced D. taught 31 A. abstract B. expensive C. complicated D. fundamental 32. A. depending on B. accounting for C. focusing on D. calling for 33. A. plant B. sculpt C. feed D. invent 34. A. exhibiting B. judging C. updating D. transforming 35. A. replacing B. celebrating C. recovering D. preserving 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了艺术家Nguyen Thi Thu如何保持并发扬越南传统的用木瓜雕刻逼真花朵的艺术。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：15岁时，她参加了一门水果雕刻艺术课程，对用番木瓜果实雕刻各种花朵产生了兴趣。A. confident自信的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. expert熟练的；D. talented有才能的。根据前文“Nguyen Thi Thu is one of the few remaining artists practicing and constantly enhancing the traditional Vietnamese art of sculpting realistic-looking flowers out of papaya (番木瓜树) fruits.”可知，Nguyen Thi Thu是为数不多的用番木瓜树果实雕刻出逼真的花朵的艺术家，所以此处应是对用番木瓜果实雕刻各种花朵产生了兴趣。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：15岁时，她参加了一门水果雕刻艺术课程，对用番木瓜果实雕刻各种花朵产生了兴趣。A. missed错过；B. held保持；C. quit退出；D. took参加。根据后文“a class on the art of sculpting fruit”并结合选项可知，应是“参加了一门水果雕刻艺术课程”符合语境。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她被传统的艺术形式迷住了，但后来她不得不搬到俄罗斯，在那里待了15年。A. traditional传统的；B. modern现代的；C. fashionable流行的；D. contemporary当代的。根据前文“Nguyen Thi Thu is one of the few remaining artists practicing and constantly enhancing the traditional Vietnamese art”可知，这是传统的艺术。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她被传统的艺术形式迷住了，但后来她不得不搬到俄罗斯，在那里待了15年。A. return返回；B. turn转动；C. move移动；D. adjust调整。根据后文“stayed there for 15 years”可知，她在那里待了15年，所以此处表示她搬到俄罗斯。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不能练习她最喜欢的艺术形式，因为她太忙了，没有机会接触到番木瓜树。A. appreciate欣赏；B. practice联系；C. change改变；D. adopt采用。根据后文“because she was too busy working”可知，她太忙了，所以此处表示她不能练习她最喜欢的艺术形式。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她不能练习她最喜欢的艺术形式，因为她太忙了，没有机会接触到番木瓜树。A. access机会；B. reaction反应；C. solution解决方案；D. resistance反对。根据后文“She __7__ it with all sorts of other fruits and vegetables”可推知，她尝试用其他的水果和蔬菜，她没有机会接触到番木瓜树。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她尝试过用各种其他的水果和蔬菜来制作，但是没有什么能比得上她所熟知的番木瓜树。A. described描述；B. imagined想象；C. painted画；D. tried尝试。根据前文“had no __6__ to green papayas.”可知，她没有机会接触到番木瓜树，所以是尝试用各种其他的水果和蔬菜来制作。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她尝试过用各种其他的水果和蔬菜来制作，但是没有什么能比得上她所熟知的番木瓜树。A. grew成长；B. offered提供；C. knew知道；D. bought购买。根据前文“Thu became __1__ in carving various flowers from papaya fruits at the age of 15, when she __2__ a class on the art of sculpting fruit.”可知，Nguyen Thi Thu之前参加过水果雕刻艺术课程，了解过番木瓜树，所以此处表示没有什么能比得上她所熟知的番木瓜树。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：2009年，当她回到河内时，她立即重新开始了番木瓜树果实雕塑，从那时起她就一直在练习这门艺术。A. occasionally偶尔；B. immediately立即；C. randomly随机；D. definitely肯定。根据前文“She was fascinated by the __3__ art form”可知，Nguyen Thi Thu被传统的艺术形式迷住了，即使搬到俄罗斯也会用其他水果练习，所以此处表示一回到河内，她立即重新开始了番木瓜树果实雕塑。故选B项 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，Thu自学了雕刻各种各样的花，但到目前为止，她最喜欢的也是最复杂的一种，菊花。A. expected预期；B. reminded提醒；C. forced强迫；D. taught教。根据后文“herself to carve various types of flowers”并结合选项可知，此处表示Thu自学了雕刻各种各样的花，符合语境。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多年来，Thu自学了雕刻各种各样的花，但到目前为止，她最喜欢的也是最复杂的一种，菊花。A. abstract抽象的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. complicated复杂的；D. fundamental基本的。根据后文“the chrysanthemum (菊花)”以及常识可知，雕刻菊花应是最复杂的。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：制作一朵花需要45分钟到一个多小时，这取决于设计的复杂程度。A. depending on取决于；B. accounting for（数量或比例上）占；C. focusing on专注于；D. calling for呼吁。根据前文“Creating a single flower takes between 45 minutes and over an hour”以及常识可知，制作一朵花需要45分钟到一个多小时，这是取决于设计的复杂程度。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Thu说：“我经常在睡觉的时候想着如何雕刻一朵花，然后我就起床练习。”A. plant种植；B. sculpt雕刻；C. feed喂养；D. invent发明。根据前文“Nguyen Thi Thu is one of the few remaining artists practicing and constantly enhancing the traditional Vietnamese art of sculpting realistic-looking flowers out of papaya (番木瓜树) fruits.”可知，这是一门雕刻的艺术，所以此处表示如何雕刻一朵花。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在各种公共活动中展示她的艺术形式和制作精致的番木瓜花外，Thu还在河内举办课程，作为保护传统艺术形式的一种方式。A. exhibiting展览；B. judging判断；C. updating更新；D. transforming使改观。根据后文“her art form during various public events”可知，此处表示在各种公共活动中展示她的艺术形式。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了在各种公共活动中展示她的艺术形式和制作精致的番木瓜花外，Thu还在河内举办课程，作为保护传统艺术形式的一种方式。A. replacing更换；B. celebrating庆祝；C. recovering康复；D. preserving保存。根据前文“Apart from __14__ her art form during various public events and creating delicate papaya flowers, Thu also holds classes in Hanoi”可知，Thu不仅向公众展示作品，并且开设课程，这些都是为了保护这一艺术形式。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Following Zibo barbecue and Harbin frozen pear, here comes Tianshui malatang. Tianshui, ____36____ ancient Silk Road city in Northwest China’s Gansu Province, became the latest place that has caused a nationwide craze thanks to its iconic (标志性的) dish malatang, a local street dish featuring a mix of fresh vegetables and meat ____37____ (boil) in a hot, spicy soup. As the name malatang suggests—____38____ (literal) meaning “numbing, spicy, and hot” —this local food is noted for its distinctive, fiery taste. In February, a netizen from Tianshui ____39____ (post) a selfie video of local malatang on popular social media platform Douyin. The ____40____ (attract) color of the food soon helped the video receive 1 million likes, sparking desires among internet users and drawing food enthusiasts ____41____ the city to experience this inviting dish firsthand. Tianshui, ____42____ meaning is “water from the heaven”, has little rainfall, sufficient sunlight, and large temperature differences, ____43____ (produce) seasonings with good taste and high quality. Local-produced ingredients such as Gangu chili, Qin’an peppercorns, and Dingxi potatoes are the secrets to the unique flavor and appealing ____44____ (appear) of Tianshui malatang. There are also many other local agricultural products such as Kangxian mushrooms. It is these authentic ingredients that lay out the foundation for Tianshui malatang _____45_____ (stand) out. 【答案】36. an 37. boiled 38. literally 39. posted 40. attractive 41. to 42. whose 43. producing 44. appearance 45. to stand 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了天水市的麻辣烫在社交媒体上走红。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：天水，位于中国西北部甘肃省的一座丝绸之路古城，因其招牌菜麻辣烫而成为最新一个在全国范围内掀起热潮的地方。麻辣烫是一种当地街头小吃，将新鲜蔬菜和肉混合在热辣的汤中煮熟。由句意及空后的ancient Silk Road city可知此处应填不定冠词，表示“一座古城”，泛指，ancient首字母发音为元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：天水，位于中国西北部甘肃省的一座丝绸之路古城，因其招牌菜麻辣烫而成为最新一个在全国范围内掀起热潮的地方。麻辣烫是一种当地街头小吃，将新鲜蔬菜和肉混合在热辣的汤中煮熟。空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语a mix of fresh vegetables and meat与动词boil之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填boiled。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：麻辣烫顾名思义——字面意思是“麻、辣、烫”——这种当地食物以其独特的辣味而闻名。由句意此处应填副词literally，意为“按照字面的意思”，作状语，修饰动词meaning。故填literally。 39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：今年2月，天水的一位网友在流行的社交媒体平台抖音上发布了一段当地麻辣烫的自拍视频。空处为谓语动词，由时间状语In February可知动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填posted。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：诱人的颜色很快让这段视频获得了100万个赞，激起了互联网用户的欲望，吸引了美食爱好者来到这座城市亲身体验这道诱人的美食。由句意及空后的color of the food可知应填形容词形式attractive，作定语，修饰color。故填attractive。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：诱人的颜色很快让这段视频获得了100万个赞，激起了互联网用户的欲望，吸引了美食爱好者来到这座城市亲身体验这道诱人的美食。draw...to...，意为“吸引……到……”。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：天水，意为“天水”，雨量少，阳光充足，温差大，出产的调味料口感好，品质高。此处为定语从句，先行词为Tianshui，从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：天水，意为“天水”，雨量少，阳光充足，温差大，出产的调味料口感好，品质高。此处应填非谓语动词，此处指“Tianshui has little rainfall, sufficient sunlight, and large temperature differences”这一地理条件所带来的自然而然的结果，应用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填producing。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：当地出产的原料，如甘谷辣椒、秦安花椒和定西土豆，是天水麻辣烫独特风味和诱人外观的秘诀。提示词与flavor并列作宾语，用名词appearance，意为“外观”，不可数。故填appearance。 【45题详解】 考查不定式。句意：正是这些正宗的食材奠定了天水麻辣烫脱颖而出的基础。“Tianshui malatang  (stand) out”是“lay out the foundation”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to stand。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你参加了学校组织的“走进社区”社会实践活动，请你向校英文报投稿，介绍本次活动。内容包括： 1.活动内容； 2.活动感受。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 A Community-based Social Practice Activity ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A Community-based Social Practice Activity Last week, I had the privilege of participating in our school’s community-based social practice activity. It deepened my understanding of community service. We visited a nearby community and engaged in various activities. We helped clean up the environment, interacted with residents, and organized cultural performances. The highlight was assisting at a local charity event, where we raised funds for needy families. This activity left me with a profound sense of fulfillment. It was a rewarding experience that not only enriched my school life but also taught me the value of community engagement. I am grateful for this opportunity and look forward to more such activities in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生在上周参加了学校组织的“走进社区”社会实践活动后，向校英文报投稿，介绍本次活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 活动：activity→event 各种各样的：various→kinds of 感激：grateful→thankful/appreciative 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last week, I had the privilege of participating in our school’s community-based social practice activity. It deepened my understanding of community service. 拓展句：Last week, I had the privilege of participating in our school’s community-based social practice activity, which deepened my understanding of community service. 【点睛】[高分句型1]The highlight was assisting at a local charity event, where we raised funds for needy families.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]It was a rewarding experience that not only enriched my school life but also taught me the value of community engagement.(运用了that引导的定语从句和not only...but also...连接并列的谓语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was an average student in my early elementary years. I came home with a steady flow of B’s, C’s and the occasional F’s in second language subjects. I was told that I wasn’t applying myself and, as every report card I ever brought home clearly stated, I talked too much. I didn’t write when I was supposed to write. I talked to others while the teacher was giving instructions. That I could recite what she had said to the class while I was talking was not helpful because I had a negative effect on my classmates’ learning. So I regularly brought home disappointing report cards. My parents and my teachers didn’t know what to do with me. Punishments didn’t seem to work. Rewards didn’t seem to either. And, frankly, I don’t think I knew what I could do to “apply myself”. And I certainly didn’t know how to not enjoy talking with my classmates! What I knew was that I talked too much. Until grade 5. That autumn, we had a sudden change in teachers as our elderly teacher took a medical leave. In his place, a young substitute (代课老师) arrived — Mrs Royal. She looked like she was freshly out of university and seemed too young to be cast in the role of being responsible for a class of tween, but there she was, charged with a lively group, and me. I don’t remember many details of that year except the afternoon when I got my first report card from her. She handed out the report cards right after the afternoon break and invited us to look them over. Then she let us know that we could all talk quietly amongst ourselves while she called each student up one at a time, in alphabetical order (按字母顺序), to discuss our report cards with her. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked over my report card, expecting the usual result. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then it was my turn to talk with her. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I looked over my report card, expecting the usual result. But to my surprise, her feedback was different. Instead of focusing on the negatives, she pointed out the improvements I had made. She acknowledged my efforts, however small, and encouraged me to keep working on my weaknesses. I double-checked and made sure it was definitely my report card. Even though we had been given permission to talk amongst ourselves, I had very little to say to friends as I waited anxiously for her to call my name. Then it was my turn to talk with her. She began with a warm smile, “You have any questions for me?” I remember looking down at my report card and saying, “I don’t get A’s, besides, nowhere on here does it say I talk too much.” She said, “I figured you already knew you talked too much, so I thought I could tell you something different. As for the grades, you earned the A’s.” From that day on, I knew I was capable of “straight A’s” and could have qualities other than that of a student who talked too much in class. 【解析】 【导语】本文以学生的学习经历和改变为线索展开，讲述了“我”在小学早期是一个成绩中等且爱在课堂上讲话的学生。由于这种不良习惯，“我”不仅影响了自己的学习，还对同学产生了负面影响，导致常常带回家令人失望的成绩单。尽管父母和老师尝试了各种方法，但都没有显著效果。直到五年级时，班里来了一位年轻的代课老师Mrs Royal，她以不同的教学方式处理成绩单，让“我”对自己的学习问题有了新的认识和期待。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我看了看我的成绩单，期待着和往常一样的结果。”可知，第一段可描写作者得到的成绩单和往常不同。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后轮到我和她说话了。”可知，第二段可描写作者和Mrs Royal交流的具体内容。 2. 续写线索：成绩单反馈不同——肯定进步——开始谈话——给于肯定——感动。 3. 词汇激活 行类 ①指出：point out/identify ②鼓励：encourage/inspire ③认为：figure/think 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②焦急地：anxiously/nervously 【点睛】[高分句型1]Even though we had been given permission to talk amongst ourselves, I had very little to say to friends as I waited anxiously for her to call my name.(运用了even though引导的让步状语从句和as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] I don’t get A’s, besides, nowhere on here does it say I talk too much.(运用了nowhere位于句首的倒装句以及省略that的宾语从句) 听力1—5BCAAB 6—10ACBCA 11—15BBACB 16—20 AACCB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$